Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola are widely recognized as being two of the premier marketing companies in the world. They have introduced a great variety of new products and package types. They have raised celebrity advertising to a new level. Coca-Cola even changed the formula for Coke. These and other developments in the carbonated soft drink industry came about from major strategy changes by Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola. Rather than simply reacting to a changing competitive environment, PepsiCo and The Coca-Cola Company have created and implemented strategies that turned the new environment to their advantage. Although Pepsi-Cola attacked Coca-Cola's dominance and achieved near-parity with Coke in bottled soft drinks, both Coke and Pepsi have benefitted from fighting the Cola Wars. The battle between them has stimulated continuing growth in an industry regularly pronounced by the experts for many years to be on the verge of maturity.

One widely ignored aspect of the Cola Wars is the ongoing transformation of the soft drink distribution systems of Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola from systems of independent bottlers to captive bottling subsidiaries. Chandler advanced the hypothesis that successful firms develop strategies to take advantage of new opportunities, and that those strategies then determine the organizational structure required for effective implementation. We find that changes in the organization of the two leading carbonated soft drink firms' distribution systems provide support for Chandler's hypothesis. The independent bottling systems were a unique and effective organization for many decades. Changes in the external environment, however, raised the costs of transacting between the parent concentrate manufacturers and their independent bottlers. In particular, the new competitive environment required rapidly changing product and marketing strategies, and the implementation of these strategies required the close cooperation of the distribution systems. In effect, Coke and Pepsi needed to change the organization of their distribution systems to implement effectively the strategies that stimulated the new competitive environment, because the relative transaction costs of the independent bottling systems in the new environment were too high. The book presents a strategic analysis of the history of the industry.

The practical approached championed in this book have led to increasing the quality on many successful products through providing a better understanding of consumer needs, current product and process performance and a desired future state. In 2009, Frank Rossi and Viktor Mirtchev brought their practical statistical thinking forward and created the course "Statistics for Food Scientists". The intent of the course was to help product and process developers increase the probability of their project's success through the incorporation of practical statistical thinking in their challenges. The course has since grown and has become the basis of this book.

A complete guide to the principles and practical application of modified atmosphere packaging Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is one of the most cost-effective, versatile, and commonly used methods of preserving food products available today. Employed in both ambient and chilled conditions, it can prolong shelf-life and preserve the quality of a wide array of items via careful processes of atmospheric engineering. The essential scientific principles underlying this technology can, however, be difficult to grasp and effectively apply. With Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Foods, esteemed food science professor Dong Sun Lee provides a thorough and practical explanation of all aspects of MAP. Chapters covering the development, impact, and day-to-day application of the technique give a well-rounded understanding of its pivotal role in the food industry, while accounts of other active packaging methods help to provide broader context. This important new book includes: Detailed guidance on all aspects of MAP - from its scientific background to its practical application Information on how specific MAP products may be developed according to their particular engineering principles Coverage of the related active and intelligent packaging techniques Discussion of relevant food safety issues and regulations Containing vital information for industry professionals and food science researchers alike, Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Foods is an essential text for all those working to improve the quality and shelf-life of the food we eat.

The book demonstrates that food safety is a multidisciplinary scientific discipline that is specifically designed to prevent foodborne illness to consumers. It is generally assumed to be an axiom by both nonprofessionals and professionals alike, that the most developed countries, through their intricate and complex standards, formal trainings and inspections, are always capable of providing much safer food items and beverages to consumers as opposed to the lesser developed countries and regions of the world. Clearly, the available data regarding the morbidity and the mortality in different areas of the world confirms that in developing countries, the prevalence and the incidence of presumptive foodborne illness is much greater. However, other factors need to be taken into consideration in this overall picture: First of all, one of the key issues in developing countries appears to be the availability of safe drinking water, a key element in any food safety strategy. Second, the availability of healthcare facilities, care providers, and medicines in different parts of the world makes the consequences of foodborne illness much more important and life threatening in lesser developed countries than in most developed countries. It would be therefore ethnocentric and rather simplistic to state that the margin of improvement in food safety is only directly proportional to thelevel of development of the society or to the level of complexity of any given national or international standard. Besides standards and regulations, humans as a whole have evolved and adapted different strategies to provide and to ensure food and water safety according to their cultural and historical backgrounds. Our goal is to discuss and to compare these strategies in a cross-cultural and technical approach, according to the realities of different socio-economic, ethnical and social heritages.

This comprehensive reference covers the impact of dietary phosphorus in phosphorus physiology, public health and the pathogenesis of disease. Divided into three parts, the first section is an overview of the history of phosphorus and the regulation of phosphorus homeostasis. The second section focuses on specific matters related to phosphorus in the food supply. Clinical applications of the material presented in the preceding sections are pulled together in the third section - including the importance of both phosphorus excess and phosphorus deficiency for the pathogenesis of a wide variety of disease including kidney, cardiovascular, bone and oncologic diseases. Clinical Aspects of Natural and Added Phosphorus in Foods is an indispensable resource for understanding the growing importance of dietary phosphorus content in health and disease, enhancing patient care and moving forward the field of phosphorus science.

Though their usage greatly diminished at the dawn of the scientific area, Indian spices were traditional parts of healthcare for thousands of years. However, over the last decade, largely due to the growth in popularity of complementary and alternative medicine, spices have regained attention due to their physiological and functional benefits. By applying modern research methods to traditional remedies, it is possible to discover what made these spices such effective ailment treatments. Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Indian Spices is a collection of innovative research that analyzes the chemical properties and medical benefits of Indian spices in order to design new therapeutic drugs and for possible utility in the food industry. The book specifically examines the phytochemistry and biosynthetic pathway of active constituents of Indian spices. Highlighting a wide range of topics including pharmacology, antioxidant activity, and anti-cancer research, this book is ideally designed for pharmacologists, pharmacists, physicians, nutritionists, botanists, biotechnicians, biochemists, researchers, academicians, and students at the graduate and post-graduate levels interested in alternative healthcare.

"Reconnecting Consumers, Producers and Food" presents a detailed and empirically grounded analysis of alternatives to current models of food provision. The book offers insights into the identities, motives and practices of individuals engaged in reconnecting producers, consumers and food. Arguing for a critical revaluation of the meanings of choice and convenience, "Reconnecting Consumers, Producers and Food" provides evidence to support the construction of a more sustainable and equitable food system which is built on the relationships between people, communities and their environments.

In recent years, professionals have combined nutrition, health, and engineering sciences to develop new technologies within the food industry. As we are beginning to shift focus on how we view the health benefits of various food products, perseveration and processing techniques have become much more vital. New developments regarding how we store and preserve food are emerging rapidly, making it necessary for research to be done that studies the latest scientific improvements and contemporary methods of food processing. Technological Developments in Food Preservation, Processing, and Storage is a collection of innovative research on the latest developments and advancements of preservation technologies and storage methods within the food processing industry. While highlighting topics including nutritional supplements, microfiltration, and thermal technology, this book is ideally designed for biologists, nutrition scientists, health professionals, engineers, government officials, policymakers, food service professionals, industry practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students.

More than 95% of all consumer product launched in the packaged goods sector fail to achieve their goals for success. Breakthrough Food Product Innovation Through Emotions Research gives a clear answer for innovation teams seeking to increase product success rates by breaking through the clutter in an otherwise undifferentiated, commoditized marketplace. Through case studies, it lays out a practical approach for applying emotions research throughout the food innovation and product development process. The basic premise is that emotions are the chief motivation for why consumers sense, select, seek and share their food product experiences. With this novel framework, the science of consumer behavior is made operational for innovation teams. Emotions insight inspires innovation teams to create and helps guide decision making as they design sensory cues and other behavior drivers into products that make consumers want to consume.

This book has implications for the whole innovation team - innovators such as product developers, designers, creative chiefs, and marketers; strategists such as line managers; and researchers such as sensory and marketing researchers.
Presents a behaviour-driven approach to innovation for the development of breakthrough food productsIllustrates a collaborative framework to inspire creativity and guide decision making through emotions insightsExplores a research framework that gets to the "whys" of consumer behavior by distilling the science of emotions into research insightsDefines design and development methods to build sensory cues into packaging and packaged foods that deliver emotional impactExplains research methods that get to the "so whats" of insights through emotions researchProvides case studies and examples proving the value of the behavior-driven approach to food product innovation

Food production and consumption processes are largely governed via control mechanisms that affect food accessibility and environmental efficiency. Food resource marginalization, inequality, and deleterious consumption urgently require new governance and developmental systems that will provide food security and create consumption patterns that protect the natural environment and food resources. Global Food Politics and Approaches to Sustainable Consumption: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential reference source that discusses the challenges and solutions of food security and consumption control. Food politics can be linked to persistent challenges of inequitable access, food resource inefficiency, and control and consumption, which form part of the local development realities that can address global sustainable development. While highlighting topics such as rural agriculture, capitalism, and food chain management, this publication is ideally designed for policymakers, sustainable developers, politicians, ecologists, environmentalists, corporate executives, farmers, and academicians seeking current research on the policies and modalities of food efficiency and equality.

This book explores food traceability in raw materials, additives and packing of the dairy sector and it provides an accessible and succinct overview of the new Extended Traceability (ExTra) software. In this work, the authors present several practical examples of extended food traceability for edible products and food-contact materials in the cheese-making industry. Readers will also discover a summary of the existing legal and regulatory requirements for food traceability in Europe. This book will appeal to a wide readership, from academic researchers to professionals and auditors in industry working in quality control, food and packing traceability, and international regulation.

This edited collection explores the historical dimensions, cultural practices, socio-economic mechanisms and political agendas that shape the notion of a national cuisine inside and outside of Japan. Japanese food is often perceived as pure, natural, healthy and timeless, and these words not only fuel a hype surrounding Japanese food and lifestyle worldwide, but also a domestic retro-movement that finds health and authenticity in 'traditional' ingredients, dishes and foodways. The authors in this volume bring together research from the fields of history, cultural and religious studies, food studies as well as political science and international relations, and aim to shed light on relevant aspects of culinary nationalism in Japan while unearthing the underlying patterns and processes in the construction of food identities.

This work is a detailed survey of food safety issues today, from E-coli contamination in fruits and vegetables to food production practices that increase antibiotic resistance. Is our food safe? Much of the corn, soybeans, and canola oil we eat has been genetically modified, but we don't know the long-term effects of GM foods on our health and the environment. We also consume antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria through the meat we eat, and we face new threats like mad cow disease, avian flu, and bioterrorism. Food Safety: A Reference Handbook, Second Edition provides a broad, readable, and level-headed overview of these and other food safety controversies. Through a combination of statistics and substantive information, it delineates the nature and scope of the issues. It also introduces readers to the researchers, activists, industries, and government agencies that play a role in the battle for food safety—an issue that impacts us all.

Cereal-Based Foodstuffs: The Backbone of the Mediterranean provides an overview of cereal-based products in the Mediterranean region, illustrating the spectrum of products from past to present and their various processing methods. The text explores new and understudied market trends in cereal-based products, such as cereal-pulse blends, pulse pastas, and flat breads. Chapters cover products originating in North Africa, such as bulgur and couscous, which are consumed worldwide but underrepresented in the scientific literature. Contributing authors also offer a legislative perspective on issues of food safety, the European Food Safety Association's definition of "novel foods," and the position of traditional foods in the Mediterranean food industry. This wide-ranging text thus serves members of both the scientific and industrial community seeking better coverage of global cereal product trends.

This two-volume set examines the strong connection between craft beverages and tourism, presenting cutting-edge research in partnership with breweries, distilleries, and cideries. While wine, food, and culinary tourism have traditionally dominated destination markets, interest in craft beverages has gained momentum across the US and overseas with local markets quickly recognizing the growing craft beverage movement. Through the eyes of tourism scholars, brewers, and travelers, these two volumes explore the landscape of craft beer opportunities in non-traditional settings, and recognize the potential for future economic, socio-cultural, and environmental sustainability. Craft Beverages and Tourism, Volume 1: The Rise of Breweries and Distilleries in the United States is an inclusive and overarching examination of the US craft beverage phenomenon within a larger context of international beverage tourism. It outlines the current practice and research scope of craft beer, cider, and spirits as well as the sustainable development of destinations revolving around craft beverage. Through literature reviews, case studies, and general exploration, this volume advances marketing, hospitality, and leisure studies research for academics, industry experts, and emerging entrepreneurs.

The Compelling Saga of One of the World's Oldest Companies.Combining ancient craftsmanship with modern technology andmarketing innovations, Japan's Kikkoman Corporation hasquietly become a $2 billion market leader. The KikkomanChronicles is the fascinating story of how Kikkoman changedthe course of international marketing, shrewdly adapting to20th century realities while never truning their backs oncenturies of tradition; how one man envisioned the future ofglobal enterprise, spearheading the first Japanese manufacturing plant of any kind on U.S. soil; and howgenerations of Mogi family leadership have produced one oftoday's most formidable global competitors.More than an authoritative how-to international business, The Kikkoman Chronicles is the spellbinding story of: Shige Maki, the tough and resourceful woman who narrowlyescaped the 17th century siege of Osaka Castle to sow theseeds to today's Kikkoman Corporation. Kikkoman's survivaland adaptation across more than 300 hyears of social andpolitical upheaval in Japan. Innovative strategies Kikkoman has followed to become the world leader in the productionand marketing of soy sauce - an Asian staple.The Kikkoman Chronicles is a one-of-a-kind corporatebiography. By combining anecdotes and stories about Japan'samazing history wth hands-on tips and recommendations forproven international business success, Ronald E. Yates hasproduced an entertaining book that should become required reading for businesspersons and students throughout the world.

This book is designed to integrate the basic concepts of food safety with current developments and challenges in food safety and authentication. The first part describes basics of food safety, classification of food toxins, regulation and risk assessment. The second part focuses on particular toxins like mycotoxins, aromatic amines, heavy metals, pesticides, and polycyclic hydrocarbons. Recent developments and improvements in the detection of these contaminants are described. The third part deals with the authenticity and adulteration of food and food products, a topic which affects food trade on a national and international level.

The continuously increasing human population, has resulted in a huge demand for processed and packaged foods. As a result of this demand, large amounts of water, air, electricity and fuel are consumed on a daily basis for food processing, transportation and preservation purposes. Although not one of the most heavily polluting, the food industry does contribute to the increase in volume of waste produced as well as to the energy expended to do so. For the first time, nine separate food industry categories are thoroughly investigated in an effort to help combat this already acute problem. The current state of environmental management systems is described, offering comparisons of global legislation rarely found in other resources. An extensive review of commercial equipment, including advantages and disadvantages per employed waste management technique, offers a unique perspective for any academic, student, professional, and/or consultant in the food, agriculture and environmental industries.
* Thoroughly examines the most prevalent and most polluting industries such as Meat, Fish, Dairy, Olive Oil, Juice and Wine industries
* Includes synoptical tables [methods employed, physicochemical or microbiological parameters altered after treatment etc] and comparative figures of the effectiveness of various waste management methods
* Contains nearly 2500 of the most up-to-date references available

Global cases related to food borne illness have risen in recent years. This situation poses a health risk to consumers and causes economic loss for the food service industry. Identifying the current issues in food safety practices among the industry players is important for bridging the gap between knowledge, practices, and regulation compliance. This handbook presents a series of research on food safety practices investigated within food service establishments. The findings generated from these studies will help the food industry pinpoint the risks and non-compliance relating to food safety practices thus to improve practices in preventing food borne illnesses from occurring. This handbook consists of a series of research works related to food safety practices in the food service industry which could be useful references to both industry and academia. The publication of this handbook will provide a collection of research works that addresses these current issues in detail from a variety of perspectives. The potential target audience will be all researchers within the areas of food safety and food service management, the stakeholders in the food service industry including the operators, consumers, and policymakers. This handbook is also very useful to any students, professors, and academicians interested in food safety in the food service industry.

Scandals in food, growth of supermarket power, new technologies and crises in obesity have shaken popular trust in food across Europe. The BSE epidemic, concern over GM foods, dioxin scares and avian flu have placed consumer trust and how to restore it at the top of government agendas. Uncovering surprising differences between countries, "Trust in Food" examines these issues to challenge the idea of the consumer as a sovereign individual and to demonstrate how consumption is institutionalized within societies.

Due to globalization and internationalization of agri-food production, the arena of competition and competitive advantage is moving from individual firms operating on spot markets towards supply chains and networks. Therefore, coordination between firms within the chain becomes more important. Topics like costs, efficiency, risk and investment analysis have received little empirical attention within chain and network research. Nonetheless, these performance measures are of vital importance for continuity of individual companies, chains and networks. This book aims at offering a coherent view on this matter by discussing the possibilities and limitations of quantifying performance, risks and investments in the agri-food chain. A wide variety of approaches from different economic disciplines was used to analyse the complex systems of agri-food supply chains and develop appropriate models for management decision support.

Statistics is a key characteristic that assists a wide variety of professions including business, government, and factual sciences. Companies need data calculation to make informed decisions that help maintain their relevance. Design of experiments (DOE) is a set of active techniques that provides a more efficient approach for industries to test their processes and form effective conclusions. Experimental design can be implemented into multiple professions, and it is a necessity to promote applicable research on this up-and-coming method. Design of Experiments for Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Industrial Applications is a pivotal reference source that seeks to increase the use of design of experiments to optimize and improve analytical methods and productive processes in order to use less resources and time. While highlighting topics such as multivariate methods, factorial experiments, and pharmaceutical research, this publication is ideally designed for industrial designers, research scientists, chemical engineers, managers, academicians, and students seeking current research on advanced and multivariate statistics.