This book is based on advanced combustion technologies currently employed in internal combustion engines. It discusses different strategies for improving conventional diesel combustion. The volume includes chapters on low-temperature combustion techniques of compression-ignition engines which results in significant reduction of NOx and soot emissions. The content also highlights newly evolved gasoline compression technology and optical techniques in advanced gasoline direct injection engines. the research and its outcomes presented here highlight advancements in combustion technologies, analysing various issues related to in-cylinder combustion, pollutant formation and alternative fuels. This book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine combustion research.

STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS OF TURBO-MACHINES presents a detailed and comprehensive treatment of structural vibration evaluation of turbo-machines. Starting with fundamentals of the theory of vibration as related to various aspects of rotating machines, the dynamic analysis procedures of a broad spectrum of turbo-machines is covered. An in-depth procedure for analyzing the torsional and flexural oscillations of the components and of the rotor-bearing system is presented. The latest trends in design and analysis are presented, chief among them: * Blade and coupled disk-blade modes of vibration * Dynamic instability, non-linear phenomena, their causes and consequences * Methods to control rotor-to-stator clearance and improving operating efficiency * Experimental techniques and analytical correlation with variables ranging from blade flutter to bearing orbital trajectory * Fatigue failures arising from thermal ratcheting and cyclical operating loads * Material characteristics and requirements Growth in machine operating parameters and user expectations require exacting consideration of dynamic characteristics. State-of-the-art technology is required to understand blade dynamics and rotating system vibrations. Vibration measurement is an important tool in diagnostics. This book develops methods to understand vibrations and correct major causes of related problems. Emphasis is placed on practical modeling methods, interpreting results and obtaining realistic solutions. Analysis as a problem solving tool is the focus.

Gas turbines play an important role in power generation and aeroengines. An extended survey of methods associated with the control and systems identification in these engines, Dynamic Modelling of Gas Turbines reviews current methods and presents a number of new perspectives.- Describes a total modelling and identification program for various classes of aeroengine, allowing you to deal with the engine's behaviour over its complete life cycle- Shows how the above regime can be applied to a real engine balancing the theory with practical use- Follows a comparative approach to the study of existing and newly derived techniques thus offering an informed choice of controllers and models from the tied-and trusted to the most up-to-date evolutionary optimisation models- Presents entirely novel work in modelling, optimal control and systems identification to help you get the most from your engine designsDynamic Modelling of Gas Turbines represents the latest research of three groups of internationally recognised experts in gas turbine studies. It will be of interest to academics working in aeroengine control and to industrial practitioners in companies concerned with their design. The work

This book focuses on clean transport and mobility essential to the modern world. It discusses internal combustion engines (ICEs) and alternatives like battery electric vehicles (BEVs) which are growing fast. Alternatives to ICEs start from a very low base and face formidable environmental, material availability, and economic challenges to unlimited and rapid growth. Hence ICEs will continue to be the main power source for transport for decades to come and have to be continuously improved to improve transport sustainability. The book highlights the need to assess proposed changes in the existing transport system on a life cycle basis. The volume includes chapters discussing the challenges faced by ICEs as well as chapters on novel fuels and fuel/ engine interactions which help in this quest to improve the efficiency of ICE and reduce exhaust pollutants. This book will be of interest to those in academia and industry alike.

Equipping practicing engineers and students with the tools to independently assess and understand complex material on the topic, this text is an ideal precursor to advanced heat transfer courses. Intermediate Heat Transfer discusses numerical analysis in conduction and convection, temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, conduction through a slab from one fluid to another fluid, steady-state heat conduction in a two-dimensional fin, and truncation and round-off errors in finite difference method. Replete with sample problems to clarify concepts, this is an indispensable resource for professionals and seniors and first-year graduate students pursuing tracks in mechanical, aerospace, nuclear, and chemical engineering.

Since the 1970's, an increasing amount of specialized research has focused on the problems created by instability of internal flow in hydroelectric power plants. However, progress in this field is hampered by the inter disciplinary nature of the subject, between fluid mechanics, structural mechanics and hydraulic transients. Flow-induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery provides a compact guidebook explaining the many different underlying physical mechanisms and their possible effects. Typical phenomena are described to assist in the proper diagnosis of problems and various key strategies for solution are compared and considered with support from practical experience and real-life examples. The link between state-of the-art CFD computation and notorious practical problems is discussed and quantitative data is provided on normal levels of vibration and pulsation so realistic limits can be set for future projects. Current projects are also addressed as the possibilities and limitations of reduced-scale model tests for prediction of prototype performance are explained. Engineers and project planners struggling with the practical problems will find Flow-induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery to be a comprehensive and convenient reference covering key topics and ideas across a range of relevant disciplines.

Geometry of Single-Point Turning Tools and Drills outlines clear objectives of cutting tool geometry selection and optimization, using multiple examples to provide a thorough explanation. It addresses several urgent problems that many present-day tool manufacturers, tool application specialists, and tool users, are facing. It is both a practical guide, offering useful, practical suggestions for the solution of common problems, and a useful reference on the most important aspects of cutting tool design, application, and troubleshooting practices.

Covering emerging trends in cutting tool design, cutting tool geometry, machining regimes, and optimization of machining operations, Geometry of Single-Point Turning Tools and Drills is an indispensable source of information for tool designers, manufacturing engineers, research workers, and students.

This book present the state of the art in Total Productive Maintainance (TPM) and its benefits. The authors present a survey applied to 368 manufacturing industries in order to determine their level of execution of TPM. Then a series of causal models are presented. For each model, the authors present a measure of the dependency between the critical success factors and the benefits obtained, allowing industry managers to differentiate between essential and non-essential activities. The content also allows students and academics to obtain a theoretical and empirical basis on the importance of TPM as a lean manufacturing tool in the context of industry 4.0.

Diesel engines are installed in just about every yacht and in most large motorboats and, while professional help is often at hand, sometimes it is not. Indeed, engine failure is one of the most frequent causes of RNLI launches. This book explains how to prevent problems, troubleshoot and make repairs using safe techniques. It could also help you save money on expensive bills for yard work you could do yourself. Diesels Afloat covers everything from how the diesel engine works to engine electrics, from fault finding to out of season layup. With this guide and your engine's manual you can get the best performance from your boat's engine and be confident in dealing with any problem. The book covers the syllabus of the RYA Diesel Engine and MCA Approved Engine (AEC-1) courses. This edition has been thoroughly modernised and updated by former course lecturer and currently chief engineer on merchant ships, Callum Smedley.

This second edition of the classic title on practical energy provision for isolated houses and remote locations has now been updated with a new chapter. Pumps as Turbine is a practical handbook for engineers and technicians involved in designing and installing small water-power schemes. It concerns the use of standard pump units as a low-cost alternative to conventional turbines to provide stand-alone electricity generation for isolated houses and remote communities. This second edition has been updated and extended to include a case study from a recent scheme installed in collaboration with ITDG Kenya. The pump selection process is described through this step-by-step example, where the site head would have been too low for a Pelton turbine. The case study demonstrates that now, possibly more than ever before, the use of pumps as turbines offers a reliable, low-cost option for rural electrification. Arthur Williams has been involved in micro-hydro research and development since 1987. While completing his PhD he worked with ITDG to set up successful pump-as-turbine demonstration schemes in the UK and Pakistan. He is now a senior lecturer at the Nottingham Trent University where he continues to work on micro- and pico-hydro power.

The start-up process constitutes one of the most important states of vehicle internal combustion engine operation. It enables the internal combustion engine to run autonomously in neutral gear. Increased emission of toxic components of exhaust gases, significant wear intensity of friction pairs of the engine, and occurrence of sudden overloads in the vehicle electrical start-up system can be observed during the start-up process. The Vehicle Diesel Engine Start-up Process: Operational and Environmental Aspects offers insight into the start-up process of a vehicle's diesel engine and is the result of the author's academic research carried out for more than 25 years. The book discusses the impact of road transport on the natural environment of humans, with special attention to toxic emissions from diesel engines in particular. The multi-stage start-up process of an internal combustion engine is analyzed in terms of actual operation of vehicles in a selected transport system. Attention is also paid to the main factors that influence the start-up parameters of a diesel engine. The book is aimed at professionals and academics in mechanical engineering with an interest in environmental and operational aspects of internal combustion engines.

This book establishes recursive relations concerning kinematics and dynamics of constrained robotic systems. It uses matrix modeling to determine the connectivity conditions on the relative velocities and accelerations in order to compare two efficient energetic ways in dynamics modeling: the principle of virtual work, and the formalism of Lagrange's equations. First, a brief fundamental theory is presented on matrix mechanics of the rigid body, which is then developed in the following five chapters treating matrix kinematics of the rigid body, matrix kinematics of the composed motion, kinetics of the rigid body, dynamics of the rigid body, and analytical mechanics. By using a set of successive mobile frames, the geometrical properties and the kinematics of the vector system of velocities and accelerations for each element of the robot are analysed. The dynamics problem is solved in two energetic ways: using an approach based on the principle of virtual work and applying the formalism of Lagrange's equations of the second kind. These are shown to be useful for real-time control of the robot's evolution. Then the recursive matrix method is applied to the kinematics and dynamics analysis of five distinct case studies: planar parallel manipulators, spatial parallel robots, planetary gear trains, mobile wheeled robots and, finally, two-module hybrid parallel robots.

This monograph covers different aspects related to utilization of alternative fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines with a focus on biodiesel, dimethyl ether, alcohols, biogas, etc. The focal point of this book is to present engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of IC engines fueled by these alternative fuels. A section of this book also covers the potential strategies of utilization of these alternative fuels in an energy efficient manner to reduce the harmful pollutants emitted from IC engines. It presents the comparative analysis of different alternative fuels in a variety of engines to show the appropriate alternative fuel for specific types of engines. This book will prove useful for both researchers as well as energy experts and policy makers.

This unique and comprehensive text considers all aspects of heat exchanger fouling from the basic science of how surfaces become fouled to very practical ways of mitigating the problem and from mathematical modelling of different fouling mechanisms to practical methods of heat exchanger cleaning. The problems that restrict the efficient operation of equipment are described and the costs, some of them hidden costs, that are associated with the fouling of heat exchangers are discussed. Some simple concepts and models of the fouling processes are presented as part of the introduction to the subject.

Advice on the selection, design, installation and commissioning of heat exchangers to minimise fouling is given. A large part of the text is devoted to the use of chemical and other additives to reduce or eliminate the problem of fouling. Another large section is designed to give information on both on-line and off-line cleaning of heat exchangers. One of the difficulties faced by designers and operators of heat exchangers is anticipating the likely extent of fouling problems to be encountered with different flow streams. Another large section addresses the question and describes methods that have been used in attempting to define fouling potential. The book concludes with a chapter on how fouling information can be obtained using plant data, field tests and laboratory studies.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current research status and open problems in the field of structural synthesis, based on which a systematic methodology for the structural analysis of planar kinematic chains, structural synthesis of planar kinematic chains, and creative design of mechanisms is presented. The method presented in this book not only promotes the development of theoretical research in the field of mechanical science, and the development of industrial software for the creative design of mechanisms, but also generates novel high-performance mechanisms suitable for industrial application, which can improve the work efficiency and economic benefits. This book offers theoretical guidance for students and researchers engaged in the field of mechanical engineering, especially the creative design of mechanism.

Covering basic theory, components, installation, maintenance, manufacturing, regulation, and industry developments, "Gas Turbines: A Handbook of Air, Sea and Land Applications" is a broad-based introductory reference designed to give you the knowledge needed to succeed in the gas turbine industry.

Providing the big-picture view that other detailed, data-focused resources lack, the book has a strong focus on effective decision-making and planning in gas turbine use for particular applications. The book takes into consideration not only operational requirements but long-term life-cycle costs in upkeep, repair, and future usage.

With concise, easily digestible overviews of all important theoretical bases and a practical focus throughout, "Gas Turbines" is an ideal handbook for those new to the field or in the early stages of their careers, as well as more experienced engineers looking for a reliable, one-stop desk reference that covers the breadth of the field.
Provides an overview of major components alongside critical theory and development history for those needing to get up to speed fast with gas turbine technologyCovers installation, maintenance, manufacturer's specifications, performance criteria and future trends, offering a rounded view of the area that takes in technical detail as well as well as industry economics and outlookUpdated with the latest industry developments, including new emission and efficiency regulations and their impact on gas turbine technology

A significant addition to the literature on gas turbine technology, the second edition of Gas Turbine Performance is a lengthy text covering product advances and technological developments. Including extensive figures, charts, tables and formulae, this book will interest everyone concerned with gas turbine technology, whether they are designers, marketing staff or users.

This book focuses on the application of virtual reality (VR) technology in mining machinery. It gives a detailed introduction to the application of VR technology in virtual assembly, virtual planning, and virtual monitoring. Based on the theory of digital twin, VR technology and collaborative control technology are applied to coal mining machinery equipment, which lays a foundation for the digitalization and intellectualization of coal machinery equipment and broadens the application scope of virtual reality technology in the mechanical engineering field. Through the application of VR technology in coal machinery equipment, this book provides new methods and ideas for teaching activities, scientific research activities, and actual production with rich illustrations, related table introduction, unique research ideas, and other unique contents. This book could be a useful reference for researchers in mining machinery, simulation and modeling, computer-aided engineering (CAD and CAE) and design, visualization, mechanical engineering, and other disciplines.

Advances in Industrial Heat Transfer presents the basic principles of industrial heat transfer enhancement. Serving as a reference and guide for future research, this book presents a complete approach, from redesigning equipment to the use of nanofluids in industry. Based on the latest methods of the experiment and their interpretation, this book presents a unified conception of the industrial heat transfer process and procedures which will help decrease global energy consumption. Containing both theoretical and practical results, the book uses text, pictures, graphs, and definitions to illustrate points and highlight concepts.

Research and development of photovoltaic solar cells is playing an ever larger practical role in energy supply and ecological conservation all over the world. Many materials science problems are encountered in understanding existing solar cells and the development of more efficient, less costly, and more stable cells. This important and timely book provides a historical overview, but concentrates primarily on exciting developments in the last decade. It describes the properties of the materials that play an important role in photovoltaic applications, the solar cell structures in which they are used, and the experimental and theoretical developments that have led to the most promising contenders.

Written by an experienced engineer, this book contains practical information on all aspects of pumps including classifications, materials, seals, installation, commissioning and maintenance. In addition you will find essential information on units, manufacturers and suppliers worldwide, providing a unique reference for your desk, R&D lab, maintenance shop or library.
* Includes maintenance techniques, helping you get the optimal performance out of your pump and reducing maintenance costs
* Will help you to understand seals, couplings and ancillary equipment, ensuring systems are set up properly to save time and money
* Provides useful contacts for manufacturers and suppliers who specialise in pumps, pumping and ancillary equipment

Over recent years there have been substantial changes in those industries which are concerned with the design, purchase and use of special purpose (ie critical, high-revenue) rotating equipment. Key personnel have been the victims of early retirement or have moved to other industries: contractors and end-users have reduced their technical staff and consequently have to learn complex material 'from scratch'. As a result, many companies are finding that they are devoting unnecessary man hours to the discovery and explanation of basic principles, and having to explain these to clients who should already be aware of them. In addition, the lack of understanding by contractors and users of equipment characteristics and operating systems often results in a 'wrong fit' and a costly reliability problem.
Forsthoffer's Rotating Equipment Handbooks: Pumps presents the operation of pumps in a process system, (using the concept of pump required and produced head) pump selection for cost-effective maximum reliability, eliminating hydraulic disturbances in the design and field operation
phases, control and protection, practical component monitoring of performance, bearing, seal and auxiliary system condition to assure optimum pump safety and reliability.
Forsthoffer's Rotating Equipment Handbook: Pumps is the second title in the five volume set. The volumes are: 1. Fundamentals of Rotaing Equipment; 2. Pumps; 3. Compressors; 4. Auxiliary Systems; 5. Reliability Optimization through Component Condition Monitoring and Root Cause Analysis'.
* One of a five volume set which is the distillation of many years of on-site training by a well-known US Engineer who also operates in the Middle East.
* A Practical book written in a succinct style and well illustrated throughout.

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Futuristic Trends in Materials and Manufacturing (ICFTMM 2018). The volume covers current research findings in conventional and non-conventional manufacturing processes. Different fabrication processes of polymer based materials and advanced materials are discussed in this book. In addition, the book also discusses computer based manufacturing processes, and sustainable and green manufacturing technologies. The contents of this book will be useful for students, academicians, and researchers working in the field of manufacturing related fields.

This book discusses the core principles and practical applications of a brand new machine category: liquid-metal soft machines and motors. After a brief introduction on the conventional soft robot and its allied materials, it presents the new conceptual liquid-metal machine, which revolutionizes existing rigid robots, both large and small. It outlines the typical features of the soft liquid-metal materials and describes the various transformation capabilities, mergence of separate metal droplets, self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid-metal objects under external or internal mechanism. Further, it introduces a series of unusual phenomena discovered while developing the shape changeable smart soft machine and interprets the related mechanisms regarding the effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the external fields to control the liquid-metal transformers. Moreover, the book illustrates typical strategies to construct a group of different advanced functional liquid-metal soft machines, since such machines or robots are hard to fabricate using rigid-metal or conventional materials. With highly significant fundamental and practical findings, this book is intended for researchers interested in establishing a general method for making future smart soft machine and accompanying robots.

Contents:
1. Introduction Part I: Mathematical Background 2. Governing Equations 3. Finite Differences 4. Finite Elements Part II: Simulation of Transport Processes 5. Numerical Methods for Conduction Heat Transfer 6. Numerical Methods for Convection Heat Transfer 7. Numerical Methods for Radiation Heat Transfer Part III: Combined Modes and Process Applications 8. Applications of Computational Heat Transfer Appendicies