This pioneering, course-tested text is the first to combine communications theory with the physics of optical communications. Comprehensive and rigorous, it brings together an in-depth treatment of the physical characteristics of the guided lightwave channel with the study of modern methods of algorithmic-based communication in time and space. The many different levels at which a lightwave communication signal can be described are integrated to provide a unified explanation of how a commonplace bit stream is transformed into a physical lightwave, how that lightwave travels through an optical fiber, and how it is then transformed back into the bit stream. Background fundamentals such as linear systems and electromagnetics are explained in relation to modern topics such as channel models, encoding, modulation and interference, and end-of-chapter problems are provided throughout. This is an essential text for students taking courses on optical communications, as well as researchers and professionals working in the area.

Quantum Materials, Devices, and Applications covers the advances made in quantum technologies, both in research and mass production for applications in electronics, photonics, sensing, biomedical, environmental and agricultural applications. The book includes new materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many more at the advanced research stage. It reviews the most relevant, current and emerging materials and device structures, organized by key applications and covers existing devices, technologies and future possibilities within a common framework of high-performance quantum devices. This book will be ideal for researchers and practitioners in academia, industry and those in materials science and engineering, electrical engineering and physics disciplines.

Introduces the physical principles and operational characteristics of high speed semiconductor devices. Intended for use by advanced students as well as professional engineers and scientists involved in semiconductor device research, it includes the most advanced and important topics in high speed semiconductor devices. Initial chapters cover material properties, advanced technologies and novel device building blocks, and serve as the basis for understanding and analyzing devices in subsequent chapters. The following chapters cover a group of closely related devices that includes MOSFETs, MESFETs, heterojunction FETs and permeable--base transistors, hot electron transistors, microwave diodes and photonic devices, among others. Each chapter is self--contained and features a summary section, a discussion of future device trend, and an instructional problem set.

The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy - Part 2, Volume 221 in the Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Recollections from the Early Years: Canada-USA, My Recollection of the Early History of Our Work on Electron Optics and the Electron Microscope, Walter Hoppe (1917-1986), Reminiscences of the Development of Electron Optics and Electron Microscope Instrumentation in Japan, Early Electron Microscopy in The Netherlands, L. L. Marton, 1901-1979, The Invention of the Electron Fresnel Interference Biprism, The Development of the Scanning Electron Microscope, and much more.

5G IoT and Edge Computing for Smart Healthcare addresses the importance of a 5G IoT and Edge-Cognitive-Computing-based system for the successful implementation and realization of a smart-healthcare system. The book provides insights on 5G technologies, along with intelligent processing algorithms/processors that have been adopted for processing the medical data that would assist in addressing the challenges in computer-aided diagnosis and clinical risk analysis on a real-time basis. Each chapter is self-sufficient, solving real-time problems through novel approaches that help the audience acquire the right knowledge. With the progressive development of medical and communication - computer technologies, the healthcare system has seen a tremendous opportunity to support the demand of today's new requirements.

Model-based development methods, and supporting technologies, can provide the techniques and tools needed to address the dilemma between reducing system development costs and time, and developing increasingly complex systems. This book provides the information needed to understand and apply model-drive engineering (MDE) and model-drive architecture (MDA) approaches to the development of embedded systems. Chapters, written by experts from academia and industry, cover topics relating to MDE practices and methods, as well as emerging MDE technologies. Much of the writing is based on the presentations given at the Summer School "MDE for Embedded Systems" held at Brest, France, in September 2004.

The first textbook to provide in-depth treatment of electroceramics with emphasis on applications in microelectronics, magneto-electronics, spintronics, energy storage and harvesting, sensors and detectors, magnetics, and in electro-optics and acousto-optics Electroceramics is a class of ceramic materials used primarily for their electrical properties. This book covers the important topics relevant to this growing field and places great emphasis on devices and applications. It provides sufficient background in theory and mathematics so that readers can gain insight into phenomena that are unique to electroceramics. Each chapter has its own brief introduction with an explanation of how the said content impacts technology. Multiple examples are provided to reinforce the content as well as numerous end-of-chapter problems for students to solve and learn. The book also includes suggestions for advanced study and key words relevant to each chapter. Fundamentals of Electroceramics: Materials, Devices and Applications offers eleven chapters covering: 1.Nature and types of solid materials; 2. Processing of Materials; 3. Methods for Materials Characterization; 4. Binding Forces in Solids and Essential Elements of Crystallography; 5. Dominant Forces and Effects in Electroceramics; 6. Coupled Nonlinear Effects in Electroceramics; 7. Elements of Semiconductor; 8. Electroceramic Semiconductor Devices; 9. Electroceramics and Green Energy; 10.Electroceramic Magnetics; and 11. Electro-optics and Acousto-optics. Provides an in-depth treatment of electroceramics with the emphasis on fundamental theoretical concepts, devices, and applications with focus on non-linear dielectrics Emphasizes applications in microelectronics, magneto-electronics, spintronics, energy storage and harvesting, sensors and detectors, magnetics and in electro-optics and acousto-optics Introductory textbook for students to learn and make an impact on technology Motivates students to get interested in research on various aspects of electroceramics at undergraduate and graduate levels leading to a challenging career path. Includes examples and problem questions within every chapter that prepare students well for independent thinking and learning. Fundamentals of Electroceramics: Materials, Devices and Applications is an invaluable academic textbook that will benefit all students, professors, researchers, scientists, engineers, and teachers of ceramic engineering, electrical engineering, applied physics, materials science, and engineering.

VHDL 101 is written for Electrical Engineers and others wishing to break into FPGA design and assumes a basic knowledge of digital design and some experience with engineering process .

Bill Kafig, industry expert, swiftly brings the reader up to speed on techniques and functions commonly used in VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) as well as commands and data types. Extensive simple, complete designs accompany the content for maximum comprehension. The book concludes with a section on design re-use, which is of utmost importance to today's engineer who needs to meet a deadline and lower costs per unit.

*Gets you up to speed with VHDL fast, reducing time to market and driving down costs

* Companion website with source code and other documents to assist the student in building the reference design used throughout the book (http: //www.elsevierdirect.com/companion.jsp?ISBN=9781856177047)

*Covers the basics including language concepts and includes complete design examples for ease of learning

* Covers widely accepted industry nomenclature

* Learn from "best design practices"

*Gets you up to speed with VHDL fast, reducing time to market and driving down costs

* Companion website with source code and other documents to assist the student in building the reference design used throughout the book (http: //www.elsevierdirect.com/v2/companion.jsp?ISBN=9781856177047)

*Covers the basics including language concepts and includes complete design examples for ease of learning

* Covers widely accepted industry nomenclature

* Learn from "best design practices""

This book addresses the design of compliant mechanisms, presenting readers with a good understanding of both the solid mechanics of flexible elements and their configuration design, based on a mechanism-equivalent approach in the framework of screw theory. The book begins with the theoretical background of screw theory, and systematically addresses both the compliance characteristics of flexible elements and their configuration design. The book then covers a broad range of compliant parallel mechanism design topics, from stiffness to constraint decomposition, from conceptual design to dimensional design, and from analysis to synthesis, as well as the large deformation problem; this is followed by both simulations and physical experiments, offering readers a solid foundation and useful tools. Given its scope and the results it presents, the book will certainly benefit and inform future research on the topic. It offers a valuable asset for researchers, developers, engineers and graduate students with an interest in compliant mechanisms, robotics and screw theory.

This book provides the fundamental concepts of system design using microprocessors in the field of agriculture instrumentation. It begins with an introduction to the field of agriculture and application of instrumentation in agriculture, and the book then covers the transducers specific to the agricultural field. The binary number system and arithmetic are covered as the basic building block of digital circuits and computer organization. The microprocessor basics and Intel 8085 hardware and software have been discussed in detail. The book describes microprocessor peripheral inter-facing and its support chips such as Intel 8225, Intel 8253 and Intel 8279 along with their applications. It discusses analog to digital and digital to analog interface, CRT terminal interface and printer interface. In addition, the book includes case studies on various microprocessor applications in agriculture, such as microprocessor-based system design for grain moisture, safe grain storage, soil nutrient estimation and drip irrigation. Finally, the book ends with an advanced and futuristic topic on precision agriculture to give an exposure to students about future developments in the agricultural system. Key Features : From concepts to design, the book follows a step-by-step approach. Gives a large number of figures for easy understanding of theory. Includes a good number of examples and end-of-chapter exercises both in the hardware and software sections. Presents a number of case studies on the design of microprocessor-based agri-instrumentation systems. Offers exercises on the case studies which can be used for further development of the concepts. The book is primarily intended for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of agricultural engineering for their courses on agri instrumen-tation and microprocessor applications in agriculture.

Designed to sit alongside more conventional established condensed matter physics textbooks, this compact volume offers a concise presentation of the principles of solid state theory, ideal for advanced students and researchers requiring an overview or a quick refresher on a specific topic. The book starts from the one-electron theory of solid state physics, moving through electron-electron interaction and many-body approximation schemes, to lattice oscillations and their interactions with electrons. Subsequent chapters discuss transport theory and optical properties, phase transitions and some properties of low-dimensional semiconductors. This extensively expanded second edition includes new material on adiabatic perturbation theory, kinetic coefficients, the Nyquist theorem, Bose condensation, and the field-theoretical approach to non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics. Throughout the text, mathematical proofs are often only sketched, and the final chapter of the book reviews some of the key concepts and formulae used in theoretical physics. Aimed primarily at graduate and advanced undergraduate students taking courses on condensed matter theory, the book serves as a study guide to reinforce concepts learned through conventional solid state texts. Researchers and lecturers will also find it a useful resource as a concise set of notes on fundamental topics.

Microsensors and MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) are revolutionising the semiconductor industry. A microsystem or the so-called "system-on-a-chip" combines microelectronic circuitry with microsensors and microactuators. This emergent field has seen the development of applications ranging from the electronic nose and intelligent ear to micro-tweezers and the modern ink-jet nozzle.

Providing a complete overview of microsensor technologies, this unique reference addresses vital integration issues for the successful application of microsensors, MEMS and smart devices.

Features include:

• Review of traditional and emerging fabrication processes including bulk and silicon micromachining, microstereolithography and polymer processing methods.
• Focus on the use of IDT (interdigital transducer) microsensors in the development of low energy budget, wireless MEMS or micromachines.
• Coverage of the katest applications in smart devices including the electronic nose, tongue and finger, along with smart sensors and strcutures such as smart skin.
• An overview of the development of intelligent sensing devices through the use of sensor arrays, parametric compensation of sensor sugnals and ASIC technology.
• Comprehensive appendices outlining vital MEMS material properties, relevant web sites and a guide to key institutions active in the field.

Microsensors, MEMS and Smart Devices presents readers with the means to understand and evaluate microsystems. Advanced students and researchers in microelectronics, engineers and developers of microsensor systems will find this comprehensive treatment essential reading. Detailed coverage of material properties makes this an important reference work for mechnical engineers, physicists and material scientists working in the field.

Complete PCB Design Using OrCAD Capture and PCB Editor, Second Edition, provides practical instruction on how to use the OrCAD design suite to design and manufacture printed circuit boards. Chapters cover how to Design a PCB using OrCAD Capture and OrCAD PCB Editor, adding PSpice simulation capabilities to a design, how to develop custom schematic parts, how to create footprints and PSpice models, and how to perform documentation, simulation and board fabrication from the same schematic design. This book is suitable for both beginners and experienced designers, providing basic principles and the program's full capabilities for optimizing designs. Companion site https://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals/book-companion/9780128176849

Graphene Oxide-Metal Oxide and other Graphene Oxide-Based Composites in Photocatalysis and Electrocatalysis reflects on recent progress and challenges in graphene-metal oxide composites. The book reviews synthetic strategies, characterization methods and applications in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. Graphene-metal oxides, graphene-novel metals and other composites intended for sustainable energy production, energy storage, and environmental development such as H2 production, CO2 reduction, pollutant removal, supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries are covered. Overall, this book presents a comprehensive, systematic, and up-to-date summary on graphene oxide-based materials. Graphene oxide and related composite materials bring new perspectives and prospects to both photocatalysts and electrocatalysts. The collective and synergistic effect between graphene oxide and metal oxide are manifold. The significance of the relationship among these groups of materials, their structures and performance is emphasized.

Xenes: 2D Synthetic Materials Beyond Graphene includes all the relevant information about Xenes thus far reported, focusing on emerging materials and new trends. The book's primary goal is to include full descriptions of each Xene type by leading experts in the area. Each chapter will provide key principles, theories, methods, experiments and potential applications. The book also reviews the key challenges for synthetic 2D materials such as characterization, modeling, synthesis, and integration strategies. This comprehensive book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers, physicists and chemists working in academia and R&D in industry. The discovery of silicene dates back to 2012. Since then, other Xenes were subsequently created with synthetic methods. The portfolio of Xenes includes different chemical elements of the periodic table and hence the related honeycomb-like lattices show a wealth of electronic and optical properties that can be successfully exploited for applications.

It includes both chemical and physical approaches to the properties of solids, and clearly separates those aspects of materials properties that can be tackled with classical physics from those that require quantum mechanics.
* Quantum mechanics are introduced later to allow readers to be familiar with some of the mathematics necessary for quantum mechanics before being exposed to its bewildering fundamental concepts.
* Discusses the electronic properties of solids from the viewpoint of elementary band theory, and end with a brief treatment of semiconductors and some semiconducting devices.

Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Insulator provides an in-depth presentation of the fundamental and pragmatic concepts of this increasingly important technology. There are two main technologies in the marketplace of advanced CMOS circuits: FinFETs and fully depleted silicon-on-insulators (FD-SOI). The latter is unchallenged in the field of low-power, high-frequency, and Internet-of-Things (IOT) circuits. The topic is very timely at research and development levels. Compared to existing books on SOI materials and devices, this book covers exhaustively the FD-SOI domain. Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Insulator is based on the expertise of one of the most eminent individuals in the community, Dr. Sorin Cristoloveanu, an IEEE Andrew Grove 2017 award recipient "For contributions to silicon-on-insulator technology and thin body devices." In the book, he shares key insights on the technological aspects, operation mechanisms, characterization techniques, and most promising emerging applications. Early praise for Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Insulator "It is an excellent written guide for everyone who would like to study SOI deeply, specially focusing on FD-SOI." --Dr. Katsu Izumi, Formerly at NTT Laboratories and then at Osaka Prefecture University, Japan "FDSOI technology is poised to catch an increasingly large portion of the semiconductor market. This book fits perfectly in this new paradigm [...] It covers many SOI topics which have never been described in a book before." --Professor Jean-Pierre Colinge, Formerly at TSMC and then at CEA-LETI, Grenoble, France "This book, written by one of the true experts and pioneers in the silicon-on-insulator field, is extremely timely because of the growing footprint of FD-SOI in modern silicon technology, especially in IoT applications. Written in a delightfully informal style yet comprehensive in its coverage, the book describes both the device physics underpinning FD-SOI technology and the cutting-edge, perhaps even futuristic devices enabled by it." --Professor Alexander Zaslavsky, Brown University, USA "A superbly written book on SOI technology by a master in the field." --Professor Yuan Taur, University of California, San Diego, USA "The author is a world-top researcher of SOI device/process technology. This book is his masterpiece and important for the FD-SOI archive. The reader will learn much from the book." --Professor Hiroshi Iwai, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan From the author "It is during our global war against the terrifying coalition of corona and insidious computer viruses that this book has been put together. Continuous enlightenment from FD-SOI helped me cross this black and gray period. I shared a lot of myself in this book. The rule of the game was to keep the text light despite the heavy technical content. There are even tentative FD-SOI hieroglyphs on the front cover, composed of curves discussed in the book."

Electrical Engineering Micromechanics and MEMS Classic and Seminal Papers to 1990 Micromechanics is a rich, diverse field that draws on many different disciplines and has potential applications in medicine, consumer products, genetic engineering, aerospace and microsatellites, communication, the military, data storage, games and toys, food preparation, chemical processing, sensors, and microactuators. In fact, most fields will find uses for micromechanics in the next ten years. Micromechanics and MEMS gives you convenient access to the fundamental papers in this rapidly growing field. Until now, papers written during the earlier stages of this field have been difficult to retrieve. Micromechanics and MEMS presents seminal papers in micromechanics, up to and including papers written in 1990. This volume gives you an historical perspective of the field and insight into where the field is heading. The papers are arranged by topic, with an introduction to each section written by expert and editor, William Trimmer. Topics covered include:

• Side drive, comb drive, electrostatic, magnetic, and harmonic actuators
• Valves and pumps
• Fluidics
• Surface and bulk micromachining
• LIGA
• Computer-aided design
• Metrology

Featuring an extensive 40 page tutorial introduction, this carefully compiled anthology of 65 of the most important papers on phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits brings you comprehensive coverage of the field-all in one self-contained volume. You'll gain an understanding of the analysis, design, simulation, and implementation of phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits in CMOS and bipolar technologies along with valuable insights into the issues and trade-offs associated with phase locked systems for high speed, low power, and low noise.

Defects in Two-Dimensional Materials addresses the fundamental physics and chemistry of defects in 2D materials and their effects on physical, electrical and optical properties. The book explores 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD). This knowledge will enable scientists and engineers to tune 2D materials properties to meet specific application requirements. The book reviews the techniques to characterize 2D material defects and compares the defects present in the various 2D materials (e.g. graphene, h-BN, TMDs, phosphorene, silicene, etc.). As two-dimensional materials research and development is a fast-growing field that could lead to many industrial applications, the primary objective of this book is to review, discuss and present opportunities in controlling defects in these materials to improve device performance in general or use the defects in a controlled way for novel applications.

This book gives readers enough knowledge of the required principles so they can adapt the knowledge to new materials and types of devices. As device dimensions shrink and more exotic compound semiconductor materials are used in electronic circuits, the physics involved in understanding the device behavior becomes more complicated and more fascinating.

In their classic book published in 1974, R.D. Levine and R.B. Bernstein defined molecular reaction dynamics as being "concerned with the molecular level mechanism of elementary chemical reactions." Recent experimental and conceptual advances have moved this field beyond the study of the detailed dynamics of gas phase chemical reactions, to the dynamics of reactions occurring at the gas-solid interface. Heterogeneous reaction dynamics thus is defined as the study of the molecular level mechanism of elementary chemical reactions occurring at interfaces between two phases. This area of research has important implications for catalysis and solid-state electronics, including the manufacture of semiconductors, integrated circuits, and other solid-state devices. Heterogeneous Reaction Dynamics Steven L. Bernasek In their classic book published in 1974, R.D. Levine and R.B. Bernstein defined molecular reaction dynamics as being "concerned with the molecular level mechanism of elementary chemical reactions." Recent experimental and conceptual advances have moved this field beyond the study of the detailed dynamics of gas phase chemical reactions, to the dynamics of reactions occurring at the gas-solid interface. Heterogeneous reaction dynamics thus is defined as the study of the molecular level mechanism of elementary chemical reactions occurring at interfaces between two phases. This area of research has important implications for catalysis and solid-state electronics, including the manufacture of semiconductors, integrated circuits, and other solid-state devices. Heterogeneous Reaction Dynamics is organized around case studies from the literature. The case studies included all involve surfacesthat are well characterized as to structure and composition, and gas phase participants in the heterogeneous reaction that are well characterized at the molecular level. Introductory chapters describe the surface characterization methods and reaction dynamics approaches shared by all the case studies presented. Subsequent chapters cover inelastic scattering of molecules from surfaces and the problem of energy transfer on collision; the processes of adsorption, film growth, and adsorbate interactions; surface diffusion; the dynamics of dissociative adsorption of small molecules on initial collision with the surface; atom recombination on surfaces; catalytic oxidation; and small molecule decomposition processes. Each chapter begins with a discussion of the experimental methods particular to the case studies described. Heterogeneous Reaction Dynamics is directed to advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in chemistry and molecular physics who would like an introduction to the detailed dynamics of chemical reactions occurring on well characterized solid surfaces. Electronics engineers and condensed-matter physicists also will find this book to be a valuable resource.

Nanoscale Compound Semiconductors and their Optoelectronics Applications provides the basic and fundamental properties of nanoscale compound semiconductors and their role in modern technological products. The book discusses all important properties of this important category of materials such as their optical properties, size-dependent properties, and tunable properties. Key methods are reviewed, including synthesis techniques and characterization strategies. The role of compound semiconductors in the advancement of energy efficient optoelectronics and solar cell devices is also discussed. The book also touches on the photocatalytic property of the materials by doping with graphene oxides--an emerging and new pathway.

The fact that there are more embedded computers than general-purpose computers and that we are impacted by hundreds of them every day is no longer news. What is news is that their increasing performance requirements, complexity and capabilities demand a new approach to their design.
Fisher, Faraboschi, and Young describe a new age of embedded computing design, in which the processor is central, making the approach radically distinct from contemporary practices of embedded systems design. They demonstrate why it is essential to take a computing-centric and system-design approach to the traditional elements of nonprogrammable components, peripherals, interconnects and buses. These elements must be unified in a system design with high-performance processor architectures, microarchitectures and compilers, and with the compilation tools, debuggers and simulators needed for application development.
In this landmark text, the authors apply their expertise in highly interdisciplinary hardware/software development and VLIW processors to illustrate this change in embedded computing. VLIW architectures have long been a popular choice in embedded systems design, and while VLIW is a running theme throughout the book, embedded computing is the core topic. Embedded Computing examines both in a book filled with fact and opinion based on the authors many years of R&D experience.
- Complemented by a unique, professional-quality embedded tool-chain on the authors' website, http: //www.vliw.org/book
- Combines technical depth with real-world experience
- Comprehensively explains the differences between general purpose computing systems and embedded systems at the hardware, software, tools and operating system levels.
- Uses concrete examples to explain and motivate the trade-offs.

A practical guide for solving real-world circuit board problems

"Electrical, Electronics, and Digital Hardware Essentials for Scientists and Engineers" arms engineers with the tools they need to test, evaluate, and solve circuit board problems. It explores a wide range of circuit analysis topics, supplementing the material with detailed circuit examples and extensive illustrations. The pros and cons of various methods of analysis, fundamental applications of electronic hardware, and issues in logic design are also thoroughly examined.

The author draws on more than twenty-five years of experience in Silicon Valley to present a plethora of troubleshooting techniques readers can use in real-life situations. Plus, he devotes an entire chapter to the design of a small CPU, including all critical elements--the complete machine instruction set, from its execution path to logic implementation and timing analysis, along with power decoupling, resets, and clock considerations." Electrical, Electronics, and Digital Hardware Essentials for Scientists and Engineers" covers: Resistors, inductors, and capacitors as well as a variety of analytical methodsThe elements of magnetism--an often overlooked topic in similar booksTime domain and frequency analyses of circuit behaviorNumerous electronics, from operational amplifiers to MOSFET transistorsBoth basic and advanced logic design principles and techniques

This remarkable, highly practical book is a must-have resource for solid state circuit engineers, semiconductor designers and engineers, electric circuit testing engineers, and anyone dealing with everyday circuit analysis problems. A solutions manual is available to instructors. Please email [email protected] to request the solutions manual. An errata sheet is available.