Because of the topographic and pathophysiologic information obtained with contemporary neuroimaging techniques, CT and MR scanning now constitute the most important investigation in clinical neurology. In many instances of mass lesions, the images provide a reliable or near-definitive diagnosis, and make possible the accurate and even selective acquisition of biopsy samples. For pathologists and neuropathologists rendering a brain biopsy service, a basic knowledge of CT and MR scanning is now mandatory, and the objective of this atlas is to present the principles of neuroimaging through clinicopathological correlation. It contains a wide range of clinical material, with over 600 CT and MR images correlated with over 400 full-colour pathomorphological micrographs. A full discussion of differential diagnosis is complemented by extensive references. Although aimed mainly at pathologists in neurosurgical practice, the atlas will also benefit neurosurgeons and radiologists, especially those in training.

th The 8 European Congress of Neurosurgery which took place in Barcelona from September 6 to 11, 1987, was an unforgettable experience. Many factors contributed to its success: the splendid ambience of Barcelona, the generous hospitality and warm friendship of the hosts, and the marvellous organization and high scientific standard of papers, workshops and discussions. For financial reasons it would not have been possible to publish all the papers presented during the congress. In order to preserve as much as possible of the scientific results, the Programme Committee of the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies had already selected before the congress a certain number of abstracts to be published as full papers. These are compiled in two supplement volumes of Acta Neurochirurgica and deal with the following main topics: Volume 1: 1. Intraoperative and posttraumatic monitoring and brain protection 2. Cerebro-vascular lesions 3. Intracranial tumours 4. Benign intracranial cystic lesions, hydrocephalus, CSF-volumes 5. Central pain syndromes Volume 2: 6. Spinal cord and spine pathologies 7. Basic research in neurosurgery. The Editors F. Isamat, A. Jefferson, F. Loew, L. Symon Contents Listed in Current Contents VI. Spinal Cord and Spine Pathologies Fornari, M., Pluchino, F., Solero, C. L., Giombini, S., Luccarelli, G., Oliveri, G., Lasio, G.: Microsurgical Treatment of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumours ...3 Yasui, T., Hakuba, A., Katsuyama, 1., Nishimura, S.: Microsurgical Removal of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumours: Report of 22 Cases ...9 . .

At the 8th European Congress of Neurosurgery, which took place in Barcelona, September 6-11, 1987, a great number of papers from all fields of neurosurgery were presented, reflecting the major advances that have been achieved in recent years. The Programme Committee of the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies has selected the highlights of the congress for publication. These contributions were carefully edited and compiled in two supplement volumes of Acta Neurochirurgica.

Violence is a steadily increasing feature of modern When a doctor is called to a scene of death wounds society caused by devices such as motor vehicles, indus may readily be visible on the corpse. His careful exam trial equipment and aircraft, which are fabricated by ination and interpretation of the injuries can provide man, or caused by man himself. There are few practi valuable assistance to the police in the early stages of tioners of medicine who will not encounter wounding any investigation that may follow. He may be able to in some form in the course of a lifetime of practice. say that the wound was self-inflicted, or he may think Most wounds will require his skills in treatment; others that the wound had been inflicted homicidally. The demand interpretation because the appearance of the events that follow such interpretations are clearly very wound itself and the pattern in which wounds may be different so far as the police are concerned. For this, arranged can provide much information about the ways and other reasons, a detailed knowledge of wounds and in which they have been caused. For example, the wounding is an essential part of medical training. grouping and position of wounds can suggest whether Scientific investigation of the whole subject of trauma the injuries were inflicted accidentally, suicidally or in has been advancing very slowly over the years."

Cytopreparation: Principles & Practice by Gary W. Gill fills a long-standing need for an easy-to-use and authoritative manual on the fundamentals of cytopreparation up-to-and- including microscopy, screening, and data analysis. The text describes in phenomenological terms the most common materials and methods of specimen collection through mounting for gyn, non-gyn, and FNA specimens, as well as the underlying mechanistic bases. The author provides his expertise and information that will empower and enable readers to review and improve their laboratories' cytopreparatory techniques as they apply to the vast majority of specimens. This unique volume provides facts that are not readily available anywhere. Cytopreparation: Principles & Practice is intended for everyone associated with, and involved in, making cytologic preparations that are useful for their intended purpose. It will serve as a valuable reference tool for educators in cytology and histology, cytotechnology and histotechnology students, cytotechnologists, cytopreparatory technicians, cytopathologists, anatomical/clinical pathologists, pathology residents and cytopathology fellows.

In their preface, the authors highlight the great social and medical importance of hearing loss in the elderly, an ever-increasing prob lem. It is, therefore, most appropriate that a monograph, devoted to research in this field, features as an addition to the Bloomsbury Series in Clinical Science. Written by two leading authorities, the book reviews the past and present literature, details the clinical aspects and considers the electrophysiological and histopatho logical issues basic to the overall problem. It continues the high standard and excellence fostered by previous issues in the Series. London, August 1990 Jack Tinker Preface The number of very old people in the community is steadily increasing so the hearing loss that many of them endure has become a disorder of social and medical importance. Only by a greater scientific knowledge of old age deafness can there be any possibility for improvement in the care offered to its sufferers.

Many books have been written about the pathology of the major organs of the body such as the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract etc. Included in these are descriptions - often with a minor emphasis - of pathological conditions which affect their serosal surfaces. In this book I have endeavoured to reverse the process and treat the mesothelium as an organ in its own right, rather than being the "no man's land" between various major structures. A number of pathological conditions are common to the coverings of the three major body cavities - the pleura, pericardium and peritoneum - while some abnormalities are exclusive to one or other sites. I hope that the contents of this book cover a broad enough spectrum of mesothelial diseases to be of help to service pathologists, who are ever increasingly being asked to make diagnoses, particularly on small biopsies of pleural and peritoneal tissues. It is also my hope that the various aspects of the subject have been dealt with in sufficient depth to be of use to pathol ogists engaged in teaching and research, and to those whose interests lie in the structure and function of the mesothelium. There is still much to be learned in understanding the way the mesothelium behaves in the realm of both inflammatory response and tumour formation. If this book provides a stimulus to furthering research in these fields I feel it will have achieved its objective.

The Frozen Section Library series provides concise, user-friendly, site specific handbooks that are well illustrated and highlight the pitfalls, artifacts and differential diagnosis issues that arise in the hurried frozen section scenario. Frozen Section Library: Lymph Nodes highlights the usefulness of techniques such as touch preparation cytology and fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, as well as FNA biopsy. This fascicle also suggests proper handling for subsequent ancillary studies, including flow cytometric, cytogenetic, and molecular studies. Special emphasis is given to the limitations of frozen section diagnosis in lymph node pathology. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific information. This book serves as a very useful resource for physicians in the frozen section room and in intra-operative consultation situations dealing with, and interested in, this very complex field of diagnostic pathology. Frozen Section Library: Lymph Nodes is of great value to pathologists, residents, and fellows who diagnose pathologic processes involving lymph nodes. Cherie H. Dunphy, M.D. is Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Executive Director of Hematopathology and Hematopathology Fellowship Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC.

Our aim in producing a colour atlas of toxicological guidelines itemize the investigations to be carried out pathology was to present a catalogue of histopathologi during the course of the study and they normally include: cal lesions which we had encountered over the years in clinical observations and behaviour; food intake and body various laboratory animal species exposed to a vast weight measurements; serum biochemistry; haema range of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and industrial tology; ECG and ophthalmology. At the end of a study, chemicals. While we believe a colour atlas is the ideal full macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the way to share our experiences with others, it quickly organ weight analyses together with tissues are essen became clear to us that for the atlas to be meaningful tial. By far the greater part of the material used in this the associated text must be comprehensive and contain book is from toxicity studies conducted in recent years ample literature references. and performed in compliance with the Good Laboratory The atlas is intended for both the trainee and the Practice standards of governmental regulatory bodies in experienced toxicological pathologist working with lab Europe, Japan and North America. oratory animals in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical or Toxicity studies are commonly carried out in rats, chemical environment."

This volume reviews our current knowledge concerning can Several chapters discuss the contributions of genetic asp cer growth and progression as it relates to the etiology of ects, metabolism, endocrine-related aspects and nutrition to human cancer. As emphasized in Volumes I-V of this series, cancer progression. Moreover, our current knowledge con neoplastic diseases are multistep maladies. There are many cerning urbanization factors, radiation, therapy-induced causes for the appearance of neoplastic diseases. Earlier neoplasms, environmentally induced neoplasms (e. g., chapters in the series have reviewed molecular and cellular mesotheliomas induced by asbestos) and malignant neo aspects of tumor initiation, promotion and progression to plasms in organ transplant recipients are summarized. the invasive and metastatic phenotype. Contributions to the The impact of AIDS on neoplasm development is re initiation and progression of neoplastic diseases are made by viewed from an epidemiologic perspective that explores mul natural features of the environment and by its contaminants tiple facets of immunity, infectious disease, sexual behavior and by nutritional factors. Neoplastic diseases show a dis and blood transfusion. Other chapters investigate the in tinct relationship to a variety of environmental stimuli and fluence of the host immune response in oncogenesis and the to diseases of a non-neoplastic nature. For example, familial relationship between atherosclerotic plaques and tumors."

This atlas is the fruit of a many years' ex- eet atlas est Ie fruit d'une longue experience Dieser Atlas ist das Ergebnis langjlihriger Er- perience in the application of anatomico-clini- de la methode anatomo-clinique appliquee a fahrung mit der auf die ophthalmologische cal methods to ophthalmological oncology. I' oncologie ophtalmologique. Onkologie angewandten anatomisch-klini- schen Methode. In the field of ophthalmology, as in other En Ophtalmologie comme dans les autres dis- medical areas, oncology has progressively in- ciplines medicales, I' allongement progress if Wie auch in anderen Disziplinen gewinnt die creased in importance with the gradual de l'esperance de vie donne davantage Onkologie in der Ophthalmologie mit der lengthening of life expectation. Apart from d'importance a l'oncologie. En effet, mises a steigenden Lebenserwartung immer mehr an rare tumours and certain malformations in part les rares tumeurs de I' enfant et certaines Bedeutung. Von den wenigen Tumoren des children, neoformations in ophthalmology are malformations, les neoformations en Kindes und gewissen MiBbildungen largely confined to ageing patients. Any of the Ophtalmologie sont l'apanage preferentiel du abgesehen sind Neubildungen in der Ophthal- intraocular tissues may be affected: those of sujet age. Elles peuvent toucher tous les tis sus mologie in erster Linie dem lilteren Menschen the iris, the ciliary body, the choroid or the intra-oculaires: iris, corps ciliaire, choroYde, vorbehalten. Sie konnen an slimtlichen in- retina, as well as of the orbit and the eyelid.

A. Kompressions- (Quetschungs-)Verletzungen des Kopfes.- B. Disseminierte intravaskulare Koagulation bei Bestehen einer Schadel-Hirn-Verletzung.- C. Zentrale pontine Myelinolyse.- D. Traumatische Gefassverletzungen.- E. Traumatische intrazerebrale und intrazerebellare Blutungen und Hamatome.- F. Kombnierte traumatische intrakranielle Blutungen und Hamatome.- G. Zentrale traumatische Grosshirnschaden einschliesslich der Balkenlasionen.- H. Traumatische Hirnstammschaden.- J. Zur Problematik der sogenannten Bollinger-Spatapoplexie.- K. Traumatische Enzephalopathien mit prolongierten Bewusstseinsstoerungen (das sogenannte apallische Syndrom).- L. Folgen intrakranieller Drucksteigerung - dissoziierter Hirntod oder intravitaler Hirntod (Hirntod, "coma depasse", uberschrittenes Koma, "cerebral death", "respirator brain", "mort du cerveau").- M. Traumatische Hirnnervenschaden.- N. Gewebeschaden der Hypophyse und des Hypothalamus bei Schadel-Hirn-Verletzungen.- O. Gewebs- und Gefassschaden infolge chiropraktischer Eingriffe oder sogenannter "Adjustierungen" an der HWS und deren Auswirkungen auf Gehirn und Ruckenmark.- P. Schadel-Hirn-Verletzung und Parkinsonismus.- Q. Schadel-Hirn-Verletzungen und Hirngeschwulste.- R. Komplikationen nach zerebraler Angiographie.- S. Tottreten mit den beschuhten und unbeschuhten Fussen.- T. Patienten die "sprechen und dann sterben" ("who talk and die").- Literatur.

Seventeen cutting-edge chapters review both basic research and clinical applications of chromosomal markers of cancer. The new markers offer great promise, not only for their clinical utility in diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring, but also for their contributions to a better understanding of the mechanisms of tumor development and progression. The chapters-all written by leading authorities-skillfully reveal fresh insights into the translational role of cytogenetics in identifying the cellular and molecular changes that occur in cancer. Coverage is devoted to many tissue systems-colon, breast, prostate, lung, skin, brain, and kidney-where the diagnostic and prognostic utility of chromosome markers is clearly demonstrated. A seminal book certain to become the front-line reference and authoritative resource needed by all scientists and clinicians engaged in cancer research, diagnosis, and management.

A medical book need not be pretty, but it must be necessary and informative. This monograph on the clinical and diagnostic pathology of graft-versus-host disease, provid ing detailed visual information on the histo morphological and immunohistological fea tures of GvHD, is intended to close a gap in the otherwise comprehensive medical literature on GvHD. B. Heymer Acknowledgements No one accumulates knowledge alone. lowe thanks to: Prof. G. R. F. Kruger, Houston, for introducing me to the histomorphological analysis of GvHD Prof. R. Arnold, Berlin, for many fruitful clinico pathological discussions Prof. K. H. Muller-Hermelink, Wurzburg, for expert advice in difficult histological differential diagnoses Prof. W. Mohr, Ulm, for continuous support and encouragement in moments of fatigue Last, but by no means least, Mrs. R. Endres-Klein, Ulm, without whom the preparation of this book would have been impossible In addition, I am grateful to the editorial staff at Springer, Heidelberg. B. Heymer Contents 1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 What Is Graft-Versus-Host Disease? 1 1. 2 Has the Pathology of GvHD Changed in the Past Decades? . . . . 1 1. 3 Why Write a Synopsis of the Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology of GvHO? 2 2 Occurrence of GvHD . . . . . . . . . 5 2. 1 GvHD After Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2. 2 GvHD After Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation 6 2. 3 Alternative Donors . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. 4 Umbilical Cord Blood . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. 5 GvHD After Materno-fetal Transfusion 8 2. 6 GvHD After Blood Transfusion . . . . . 9 2."

Since the time of the earliest electron microscopic studies on tumours of the human nervous system. undertaken over 20 years ago by Luse and her colleagues. there have been considerable advances in our understanding of these neoplasms. Tissue culture and specific antibodies to tumour antigens are two of the techniques which have greatly aided such advances. enabling much to be learned about the biological properties and underly ing nature of all types of nervous system tumour. Electron microscopy. however. has continued to prove of considerable value in the investigation of these tumours. and the technological advances of the last two decades have dramatically improved the resolution and overall quality of the ultrastructural images obtained. In clinical neuropathology. such improvements have encouraged a more widespread use of the electron microscope in the diagnosis of human nervous system tumours. alongside antibody techniques and more conventional histological methods. Although ultrastructural examination is often not strictly necessary to identify well-differentiated tumours such as astrocytomas or choroid plexus papillomas. study of the electron microscopic features in such cases fre quently proves useful in the diagnosis of their more malignant counterparts. Thus the recognition of astrocytic filaments in anaplastic gliomas. or of cilia in pleomorphic choroid plexus carcinomas. may enable a diagnosis to be made in cases where there is insufficient differentiation for the tumours to be recognised at light microscopic level."

Frozen sections are performed while a patient is undergoing surgery as a basis for making an immediate diagnosis that will impact treatment decisions. Frozen section diagnosis is often a highly demanding situation for the pathologist who must render a diagnosis quickly for the patient and surgeon. The Frozen Section Library series will provide concise, user-friendly, site specific handbooks that are well illustrated and highlight the pitfalls, artifacts and differential diagnosis issues that arise in the hurried frozen section scenario.