This book provides a general introduction into aviation operations, covering all the relevant elements of this field and the interrelations between them.

Numerous books have been written about aviation, but most are written by and for specialists, and assume a profound understanding of the fundamentals. This textbook provides the basics for understanding these fundamentals. It explains how the commercial aviation sector is structured and how technological, economic and political forces define its development and the prosperity of its players.

Aviation operations have become an important field of expertise. Airlines, airports and aviation suppliers, the players in aviation, need expertise on how aircraft can be profitably exploited by connecting airports with the aim of adding value to society. This book covers all relevant aspects of aviation operations, including contemporary challenges, like capacity constraints and sustainability.

This textbook delivers a fundamental understanding of the commercial aviation sector at a level ideal for first-year university students and can be a tool for lecturers in developing an aviation operations curriculum. It may also be of interest to people already employed within aviation, often specialists, seeking an accurate overview of all relevant fields of operations.

Containing 350 illustrations, tables, and equations and covering AAPS/FDA guidelines for the experimentation and analysis of in vivo and in vitro percutaneous absorption, this reference provides comprehensive coverage of the development, preparation, and application of topical and transdermal therapeutic systems. Recognized international experts discuss the bioequivalence of dermatological and transdermal dosage forms. They explore the biochemistry and treatment of skin diseases, the structure and function of the skin, adverse dermal responses to drug formulations, mechanisms of drug transport through barrier membranes, and methods for measuring and modulating percutaneous permeation.

The contributing authors of Understanding the Japanese Food and Agrimarket discuss broad forces that affect markets in Japan and specific situations faced in marketing grain, livestock, and seafood products; fruits; vegetables; and wood products. Many of the contributors speak and read Japanese and have lived in Japan for extensive periods; they are able to give deep insights into how and why the Japanese consumption and distribution system behaves as it does. They draw on their expertise to fully explore various Japanese food and fiber markets. As they demystify the Japanese market, they illustrate for readers several systematic approaches to mastering the Japanese food and fiber markets.Readers will discover that effective long-term marketing strategies in Japan must be based on sound analytical information. The contributors provide such needed material with chapters on items as diverse as wine, grain products, beef, and fruits and vegetables. Some of the specific topics covered include: changes in Japanese food consumption Japanese food distribution system demand for beef products in Japan demand for vegetables and vegetable seeds Japanese wine market demand for bakery products new food products for the Japanese market developing trade relations in wood productsExecutives of commodity associations or firms exporting foods to Japan will find the general sections most interesting as well as chapters specific to their products. Teachers and students exploring exporting to the Japanese market will be intrigued by the various dimensions of the "multifaceted" nature and opportunities of the Japanese market.

Fibres to Smart Textiles: Advances in Manufacturing, Technologies, and Applications offers comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals and advances in the textile and clothing manufacturing sectors. It describes the basics of fibres, yarns, and fabrics and their end use in the latest developments and applications in the field and addresses environmental impacts from textile processes and how to minimize them. This book serves as a single comprehensive source discussing textile fibres, yarn formation, filament formation techniques, woven fabric formation, knitting technologies, nonwoven manufacturing technologies, braiding technologies, and dyeing, printing, and finishing processes. Testing of textile materials, environmental impacts of textile processes and use of CAD and CAM in designing textile products are also included. The book also discusses applications including textile composites and biocomposites, technical textiles, smart textiles, and nanotextiles. With chapters authored by textile experts, this practical book offers guidance to professionals in textile and clothing manufacturing and shows how to avoid potential pitfalls in product development.

Knowing how to deal with the regulatory issues, understanding the impacts of cleanliness, and recognizing the affect that poor facility layout will have on GMP spaces are only some of the issues an experienced Project Manager must focus on. Completely revised and updated, Sterile Product Facility Design and Project Management, Second Edition provides comprehensive guidance on how to develop and execute biotech and other sterile drug facilities based on current industry best practices. Each chapter highlights a specific issue centered on managing biotech facilities projects in a GMP environment. The author uses real-world examples of common industry practice to lead you through the idiosyncrasies of a biotech project in an effort to answer some of the more common, and often perplexing, questions that can stand in the way of success. You get a mini seminar on each topic covered. Breaking the project life-cycle into four phases, the text takes you through each phase from the Project Manager's viewpoint. Unlike other books that cover design, technology, and validation in general terms, this book addresses the industry specific issues that make biotech facilities so costly and difficult to deliver. It puts the pieces of the puzzle together in a manner that increases your opportunity for success.

A solid, rigorous, yet comprehensible analysis of process capability indices, this work bridges the gap between theoretical statisticians and quality control practitioners, showing how an understanding of these indices can lead to process improvement.

Sponsor companies and CROs alike will appreciate the industry-wide analysis, practical, how-to advice, and helpful charts and checklists provided by Outsourcing in Clinical Drug Development. A panel of experts discuss supplier identification and selection, financial considerations, and the ethical issues. They cover contracting out laboratory analysis, data management, and statistical services, and the effects of outsourcing on quality assurance. Whether readers are beginning to explore the possibility of outsourcing or already involved in long-term strategic outsourcing partnerships, this invaluable resource is a complete guide to the drug development outsourcing relationship.

Lean is about building and improving stable and predictable systems and processes to deliver to customers high-quality products/services on time by engaging everyone in the organization. Combined with this, organizations need to create an environment of respect for people and continuous learning. It's all about people. People create the product or service, drive innovation, and create systems and processes, and with leadership buy-in and accountability to ensure sustainment with this philosophy, employees will be committed to the organization as they learn and grow personally and professionally. Lean is a term that describes a way of thinking about and managing companies as an enterprise. Becoming Lean requires the following: the continual pursuit to identify and eliminate waste; the establishment of efficient flow of both information and process; and an unwavering top-level commitment. The concept of continuous improvement applies to any process in any industry. Based on the contents of The Lean Practitioners Field Book, the purpose of this series is to show, in detail, how any process can be improved utilizing a combination of tasks and people tools and introduces the BASICS Lean (R) concept. The books are designed for all levels of Lean practitioners and introduces proven tools for analysis and implementation that go beyond the traditional point kaizen event. Each book can be used as a stand-alone volume or used in combination with other titles based on specific needs. Each book is chock-full of case studies and stories from the authors' own experiences in training organizations that have started or are continuing their Lean journey of continuous improvement. Contents include valuable lessons learned and each chapter concludes with questions pertaining to the focus of the chapter. Numerous photographs enrich and illustrate specific tools used in Lean methodology Check: Identifying Gaps on the Path to Success Transactional Processes contains chapters on implementing Lean, Kanban systems, line balancing, Heijunka-leveling, and the +QDIP process plus case studies of machine shop and transactional implementations. The implementation model describes the different approaches to Lean, compares them to Toyota, and explains each implementation model.

Interactions between drug particulates are crucial in determining drug dispersion and deaggregation, and ultimately delivery efficiency. This book combines principles and factors in pharmaceutical powder technology, critically reviews some of the studies carried out in dry powder formulation development, and proposes possible strategies for improving their efficiency. The majority of these principles are applicable to other pharmaceutical solid dosage forms (e.g. tablets and capsules).

This authoritative reference presents an up-to-date review of the testing methods, emerging technologies, and analytical systems and procedures used to prevent the microbial contamination of pharmaceutical processes, products, and environments. It identifies new tools for sample analysis and evaluation and the impact of these advancements on the continuous supply and manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. With more than 100 tables and 430 current references, the book contains a detailed analysis of microbial contamination recalls for nonsterile and sterile pharmaceutical products, demonstrating the distribution of microorganisms worldwide and the identification by geographical regions.

With over twenty different official regulatory statements worldwide on Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for pharmaceutical, drug, or medicinal products, two stand out as being the most influential and most frequently referenced. Bridging the gap between U.S. regulations and European Good Manufacturing Practice guidelines, Good Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Practice: Rationale and Compliance gleans the most important substance from the U.S. Current Good Manufacturing Practice, parts 210 and 211 (US cGMPs, 2002) and the European Guide to Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products for Human and Veterinary Use (EU GMP guide, 2002). The author uses his 40+ years of experience in technical management, production, quality assurance, and distribution within the pharmaceutical industry, offering a hands-on guide to better understand and implement optimal pharmaceutical practices. This book also compares the principle requirements of GMP, and explores the reasoning behind these requirements and ways to comply with them. Relevant topics include personnel, documentation, premises and equipment, production, quality control, self-inspection, recalls, and more. This is an essential guidebook for those who wish to expand their pharmaceutical business in any international capacity.

In a finished nutraceutical product, flavors play an integral role. Flavor Development for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals is about the crucial role added flavors play in any nutraceutical product. It describes the various extraction techniques that are being adopted for manufacturing flavors from natural raw materials. Yield and retention of aromatic components during several extraction methods and flavor encapsulation techniques for thermal degradable food components are discussed. Advanced methods of flavor extraction techniques like supercritical C02 extraction are emphasized. The safety and quality aspects of flavor incorporation in food processing industries are reviewed with respect to international regulations. The importance of flavor in the nutraceuticals industry is also discussed. In addition, the book stresses the functional value and organoleptic acceptability towards product optimization/formulation. Features: Explains how flavors play an integral role in a finished nutraceutical product Describes the various extraction techniques that are being adopted for manufacturing flavors from natural raw materials Covers flavor encapsulation techniques for thermal degradable food components Provides an introduction to the history of how some natural flavor ingredients, botanicals, and extracts were used in ancient times in Ayurveda and herbal medicine This is an ideal reference book for the flavor chemists, food scientists, nutraceutical formulators, and students and academicians who are working in the area of nutraceutical, supplement, and functional food development and provides very useful information to help them select appropriate flavors for their products. Also available in the Nutraceuticals: Basic Research/Clinical Applications Series: Flavors for Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, edited by M. Selvamuthukumaran and Yashwant Pathak (ISBN: 978-1-1380-6417-1) Antioxidant Nutraceuticals: Preventive and Healthcare Applications, edited by Chuanhai Cao, Sarvadaman Pathak, Kiran Patil (ISBN 978-1-4987-3703-6) Food By-product Based Functional Food Powders, edited by OEzlem Tokusoglu (ISBN 978-1-4822-2437-5)

Provides the latest information on trends in this fast-growing market Focuses on the six marine taxa that offer the most exciting potential Gives practical guidance to anyone wishing to enter this sector

Lean is about building and improving stable and predictable systems and processes to deliver to customers high-quality products/services on time by engaging everyone in the organization. Combined with this, organizations need to create an environment of respect for people and continuous learning. It's all about people. People create the product or service, drive innovation, and create systems and processes, and with leadership buy-in and accountability to ensure sustainment with this philosophy, employees will be committed to the organization as they learn and grow personally and professionally. Lean is a term that describes a way of thinking about and managing companies as an enterprise. Becoming Lean requires the following: the continual pursuit to identify and eliminate waste; the establishment of efficient flow of both information and process; and an unwavering top-level commitment. The concept of continuous improvement applies to any process in any industry. Based on the contents of The Lean Practitioners Field Book, the purpose of this series is to show, in detail, how any process can be improved utilizing a combination of tasks and people tools and introduces the BASICS Lean (R) concept. The books are designed for all levels of Lean practitioners and introduces proven tools for analysis and implementation that go beyond the traditional point kaizen event. Each book can be used as a stand-alone volume or used in combination with other titles based on specific needs. Each book is chock-full of case studies and stories from the authors' own experiences in training organizations that have started or are continuing their Lean journey of continuous improvement. Contents include valuable lessons learned and each chapter concludes with questions pertaining to the focus of the chapter. Numerous photographs enrich and illustrate specific tools used in Lean methodology. Sustaining Lean: Creating a Culture of Continuous Improvement focuses on standard work audits, training, Lean Practitioner certification, Hoshin planning, Lean Leadership, and how to run effective meetings. The authors discuss the cultural transformation which must occur to create a Lean culture by understanding what the components are in this culture. The importance of training and the value of the person are also discussed, as is what it takes to be a Lean leader.

Pharmaceutical Production Facilities: Design and Applications considers the concepts and constraints that have to be considered in the design of small, medium and large scale production plants. The layout, along with the flow of materials and personnel through facilities are considered with reference to ensuring compliance with current good manufacturing practice. The book explains how clean rooms have developed, and how recent regulations affect their design. The latest concepts for reducing contamination levels from the operator and the product are discussed. It assess current changes in standards and quality control and makes suggestions for the "ideal production environment" to enable standards to be validated to current standards.

This rich account of potters in a southern Catalan village traces the history of pottery production and marketing and the responses of the potters to changing contexts of consumption. By juxtaposing the local, micro-history of a small group of producers (numbering no more than fifty people) with that of Spain's changing economic and social climate, the author presents a local perspective of producers as affected by and acting upon global developments, ultimately localizing the European transition to one single integrated market economy. Maintaining a dual focus on subject and object, and thereby combining social and material history, this book demonstrates how physical transformations in the pottery resulted from and affected its role in the social relations people formed as they produced, marketed and consumed it. Rob van Veggel obtained his PhD in anthropology from the University of Chicago and has since been applying his insights into material culture in product development research, marketing, brand strategy and governmental policies.

This definitive reference explores the various aspects of multiparticulate dosage form development-assessing the in vivo behavior and performance of multiparticulates as well as comparing their market position to other dosage forms. Discussing-for the first time in a comprehensive manner-alternative pelletization techniques such as balling (spherical agglomeration), spray congealing, and cryopelletization, Multiparticulate Oral Drug Delivery describes formulation and processing variables that affect the formation, integrity, and performance of coatings derived from molten materials and polymeric solutions and dispersions analyzes the biopharmaceutical aspects and in vivo performance of multiparticulate drug delivery systems details the idiosyncrasies of the manufacturing process of hard-shell gelatin capsules explains the different kinds of packaging materials and machinery and the importance of packaging during the development phase and beyond previews the marketing considerations of multiparticulate systems in the years to come presents practical solutions to problems encountered in the area of film-coating processes and more!

The Routledge Handbook of Gender and Agriculture covers major theoretical issues as well as critical empirical shifts in gender and agriculture. Gender relations in agriculture are shifting in most regions of the world with changes in the structure of agriculture, the organization of production, international restructuring of value chains, climate change, the global pandemic, and national and multinational policy changes. This book provides a cutting-edge assessment of the field of gender and agriculture, with contributions from both leading scholars and up-and-coming academics as well as policymakers and practitioners. The handbook is organized into four parts: part 1, institutions, markets, and policies; part 2, land, labor, and agrarian transformations; part 3, knowledge, methods, and access to information; and part 4, farming people and identities. The last chapter is an epilogue from many of the contributors focusing on gender, agriculture, and shifting food systems during the coronavirus pandemic. The chapters address both historical subjects as well as ground-breaking work on gender and agriculture, which will help to chart the future of the field. The handbook has an international focus with contributions examining issues at both the global and local levels with contributors from across the world. With contributions from leading academics, policymakers, and practitioners, and with a global outlook, the Routledge Handbook of Gender and Agriculture is an essential reference volume for scholars, students, and practitioners interested in gender and agriculture. Chapter 13 of this book has been made available as Open Access under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This book examines how firms adapt to the pressures of increasing international competition by testing the arguments on "strategy specialization" proposed in the competitiveness literature in general, and by contributors to the "varieties of capitalism" debate in particular. If different economies are characterized by distinct institutional arrangements, successful firms would be those that exploit the related comparative advantages and specialize in the competitive strategies facilitated by national institutions.
One Political Economy, One Competitive Strategy? begins with an assessment of how many pharmaceutical firms in Germany, Italy, and the UK pursue strategies facilitated by national institutions governing the financial markets, antitrust activities, and the labor market. Quantitative analyses reveal that deviant firms, competing through institutionally unsupported strategies, outnumber conforming firms by far. Not only does this finding run counter to the expectations of the competitiveness literature, it brings up a whole new line of inquiry. How can firms compete through strategies that are not supported by national institutions? The book addresses this question and illustrates that firms do not necessarily exploit comparative institutional advantages, but that they can also circumvent institutional constraints. International markets and individual collaboration on a contractual basis allow firms to compete despite comparative institutional disadvantages. These findings suggest that trade liberalization does not lead to strategy specialization but to strategy diversification, depending on the inventiveness of entrepreneurs to develop individual approaches to compete.

Originally published in 1999 after a decade of research and extensive interviews with some of Toyota's top executives, this book examines organizational purpose: what it is, how it is crafted, how does it relate to strategy and objectives and how does it relate to decisions and actions that ultimately produce organizational results. The author explains why Toyoto Motor Corporation was selected to study corporate purpose and examines the various factors that influence purpose. An overview is given of Toyota in the 1990s and its operating environment, particularly outlining the importance of the Japanes motor industry to Japanese society. Operational objectives of Toyota are analyzed and research findings, data and analysis related to Toyota's purpose are presented and the implications described. In the appendix, the detail of the research methodology of this study is included.

Appraising cancer as a major medical market in the 2010s, Wall Street investors placed their bets on single-technology treatment facilities costing $100-$300 million each. Critics inside medicine called the widely-publicized proton-center boom "crazy medicine and unsustainable public policy." There was no valid evidence, they claimed, that proton beams were more effective than less costly alternatives. But developers expected insurance to cover their centers' staggeringly high costs and debts. Was speculation like this new to health care? Cancer, Radiation Therapy, and the Market shows how the radiation therapy specialty in the United States (later called radiation oncology) coevolved with its device industry throughout the twentieth-century. Academic engineers and physicians acquired financing to develop increasingly powerful radiation devices, initiated companies to manufacture the devices competitively, and designed hospital and freestanding procedure units to utilize them. In the process, they incorporated market strategies into medical organization and practice. Although palliative benefits and striking tumor reductions fueled hopes of curing cancer, scientific research all too often found serious patient harm and disappointing beneficial impact on cancer survival. This thoroughly documented and provocative inquiry concludes that public health policy needs to re-evaluate market-driven high-tech medicine and build evidence-based health care systems.

First published in 1991, this book offers a thorough examination of the decline of heavy industry in industrialised countries in the West, which focuses on problems in the shipbuilding industry. Todd argues that three points are central to its demise: industrial life cycles, the international division of labour and the energy crises of 1973. His work begins with despondency in western shipbuilding, going back as early as 1956, when Japan usurped Britain as the pre-eminent ship producer. The book goes on to explore international trade and industry in the second half of the 20th century, with analysis on industrial reorganisation and East Asian conglomerates, diversification with the marine industries, and shipbuilding in Brazil, India, and China.

First published in 1955, this book offers a detailed history from the past to the mid-20th century on economic control. The book examines economic competition, particularly regarding the British economic system, and Fogarty looks at its scope, as well as its limits. This analysis considers working conditions in the mid-20th century, examining the impacts of industry on the life and work of the British agricultural population. The book first examines production decisions, arguing that a systematic and periodic overhaul of control mechanisms are required. Fogarty goes to give a detailed analysis on decisions about industry objectives. Ultimately, a broader look is given on the wider economic setting, and the definition of the economist is itself examined, taking into account the wider role that economics played in 20th century society.