Volume two of the second edition of the comprehensive Handbook of Manufacturing Engineering illuminates the role of the manufacturing engineer as the key component of factory operation. The focus is on the planning and instruction duties that are critical to successful operations management, which fall upon the manufacturing engineer who may be unfamiliar with many of the planning and costing aspects. The book provides detailed descriptions of successful methods, including statistical methods for component reliability, practical cost estimating, and control of production and materials. The editors devote individual chapters to the very popular MOST Work Measurement Systems and the theory of constraints (TOC).

Although mercers have long been recognised as one of the most influential trades in medieval London, this is the first book to offer a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the trade from the twelfth to the sixteenth century. The variety of mercery goods (linen, silk, worsted and small manufactured items including what is now called haberdashery) gave the mercers of London an edge over all competitors. The sources and production of all these commodities is traced throughout the period covered. It was as the major importers and distributors of linen in England that London mercers were able to take control of the Merchant Adventurers and the export of English cloth to the Low Countries. The development of the Adventurers' Company and its domination by London mercers is described from its first privileges of 1296 to after the fall of Antwerp. This book investigates the earliest itinerant mercers and the artisans who made and sold mercery goods (such as the silkwomen of London, so often mercers' wives), and their origins in counties like Norfolk, the source of linen and worsted. These diverse traders were united by the neighbourhood of the London Mercery on Cheapside and by their need for the privileges of the freedom of London. Extensive use of Netherlandish and French sources puts the London Mercery into the context of European Trade, and literary texts add a more personal image of the merchant and his preoccupation with his social status which rose from that of the despised pedlar to the advisor of princes. After a slow start, the Mercers' Company came to include some of the wealthiest and most powerful men of London and administer a wide range of charitable estates such as that of Richard Whittington. The story of how they survived the vicissitudes inflicted by the wars and religious changes of the sixteenth century concludes this fascinating and wide-ranging study.

In this vivid ethnography, Paige West tracks coffee as it moves from producers in Papua New Guinea to consumers around the world. She illuminates the social lives of the people who produce coffee, and those who process, distribute, market, and consume it. The Gimi peoples, who grow coffee in Papua New Guinea's highlands, are eager to expand their business and social relationships with the buyers who come to their highland villages, as well as with the people working in Goroka, where much of Papua New Guinea's coffee is processed; at the port of Lae, where it is exported; and in Hamburg, Sydney, and London, where it is distributed and consumed. This rich social world is disrupted by neoliberal development strategies, which impose prescriptive regimes of governmentality that are often at odds with Melanesian ways of being in, and relating to, the world. The Gimi are misrepresented in the specialty coffee market, which relies on images of primitivity and poverty to sell coffee. By implying that the "backwardness" of Papua New Guineans impedes economic development, these images obscure the structural relations and global political economy that actually cause poverty in Papua New Guinea.

The principles of lean manufacturing increasing efficiency, reducing waste, lowering costs and improving control may be applied to any industry. However, the food industry is unique, and creates unique demands. The political, social and economic importance of food is unrivalled by any other form of produce, as is the scrutiny to which the manufacture of food is subjected. For the food industry, lean manufacturing is not simply a cost-saving strategy, but is directly linked to issues of sustainability, the environment, ethics and public accountability. Handbook of Lean Manufacturing in the Food Industry is a major new source of information and ideas for those working in food manufacturing. Offering a fresh and modern perspective on best practice, it points the way to fewer breakdowns, reduced quality faults, improved teamwork and increased profits. With a focus on operations management and new process development, the book is accessible and easy to read, and is complemented by a wealth of practical examples drawn from industry. The author s conversational style and questioning approach will be invaluable to food manufacturers who are seeking solutions to fundamental issues. The book is directed at those who are working in food manufacturing or the wider food industry, particularly factory operations managers and training teams who are looking for resources to help with lean manufacturing implementations. Others in the supply chain, from producers to retailers, will also find it invaluable. The book is a clear and timely introduction for students and lecturers in food science and technology who want to access the reality of lean manufacturing as well as the theory.

Written by John Lidstone and Janice MacLennan, the second edition of Marketing Planning for the Pharmaceutical Industry became accepted as the bible for the industry. In this new companion book Janice MacLennan picks up two of the themes touched on in Marketing Planning - market segmentation and branding, and the inter-relationship between these two - and with this book makes them key topics for discussion. Brand Planning for the Pharmaceutical Industry begins by exploring what branding is and why it is of importance, particularly to the pharmaceutical sector. The book then goes on to show how branding can be integrated into the early stages of the commercialization process for new products, both in theory and in the 'real' world. The book provides a step-by-step guide to brand planning, using market segmentation as the starting point. The book is split into two parts, the first dealing comprehensively with brand planning for products yet to get to the market, with the second part applying the same process to products that are already on the market. Both parts are extremely pragmatic, full of pertinent examples and insights from the pharmaceutical industry, and are directly applicable to your own brand planning. Brand Planning for the Pharmaceutical Industry concludes by confronting the problems that organizations are likely to have in actually making brand planning an integral part of their work and presents strategies for dealing with them.

In the last decade, there has been substantial research dedicated towards prospecting physiochemical, nutritional and health properties of novel protein sources. In addition to being driven by predictions of increased population and lack of a parallel increase in traditional protein sources, main drivers for the rise in novel proteins/ novel foods research activities is linked to significant changes in young consumers' attitudes toward red meat consumption and their interest in new alternative protein products. Alternative Proteins: Safety and Food Security Considerations presents up-to-date information on alternative proteins from non-meat sources and examines their nutritional and functional roles as food sources and ingredients. Emphasis is placed on the safety of these novel proteins and an evaluation of their potential contribution to food security. Motivations for novel proteins and restrictions for their use are also discussed. Key Features: Explains potential improvements to alternative proteins through the employment of novel processing techniques. Contains the first review on keratin as an alternative protein source. Explores first comprehensive evaluation of the religious aspects of novel proteins. Describes methods for the detection and evaluation of health hazards. Discusses guidelines, regulatory issues and recommendations for food safety Additionally, this book covers fundamental and recent developments in the production of alternative proteins, and examines safety and consumer acceptability wherever information is available. The sources and processing options for alternative proteins and their impact on final product characteristics are also covered. A collective contribution from international researchers who are active in their field of research and have made significant contributions to the the food sciences, this book is beneficial to any researcher interested in the the food science and safety of alternative proteins.

Tells the dual story of the growth in popularity in the United States from the 1860s onwards and the remarkable role it played in Central American history as a result of the chicle used in its production farmed on the Yucatan peninsula.

This fascinating, detailed book provides a sweeping survey of the hats produced by the company whose name is synonymous with cowboys and the Wild West. Surprisingly, though, the John B. Stetson Company was based in Philadelphia and produced all manner of headwear. Over 500 illustrations display never-before-worn Stetson hats (men's and women's alike), hat boxes, miniature boxes, and a surprisingly large number of collectible items associated with this most famous hat company. Original research charts the development of of the company, and individuals closely related with the firm provide their memories. Hat styles from the mid-nineteenth century to the late twentieth get a review, and for those lucky enough to own one of these valuable collectibles, there are tips on how to wear and care for vintage and modern Stetsons. Values for the hats illustrated, an extensive bibliography, and an index are included.

Simulation Modelling has been used for many years in the manufacturing sector but has now become a mainstream tool in business situations. This is partly because of the popularity of Business Process Reengineering (BPR) and other process based improvement methods that use simulation to help analyse changes in process design. This text book includes case studies in both manufacturing and service situations to demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. A further reason for the increasing popularity of the technique is the development of business orientated and user-friendly windows-based software. This text provides a guide to the use of ARENA, SIMUL8 and WITNESS simulation software systems which are widely used in industry and available to students. Overall this text provides a practical guide to building and implementing the results from a simulation model. All the steps in a typical simulation study are covered including data collection, input data modelling and experimentation.

Based on an IFT short course, Beverage Quality and Safety offers information on the latest beverage industry trends related to products, processing, and packaging technologies - including new generation nutraceutical beverages. It also covers important regulatory issues, including federal regulations on HACCP. Among the topical issues it addresses are organic juice processing, active packaging, the microbiology of fruit juices and beverages, alternative processing technologies to control spoilage, and cleaning and sanitation of beverage plants.

Extensively revised, with an updated title that reflects its expanded scope, International Labeling Requirements for Medical Devices, Medical Equipment, and Diagnostic Products, Second Edition provides the practical labeling information you need to achieve rapid regulatory approval, gain marketplace acceptance, and assure user comprehension. A complete guide to all aspects of advertising, labeling, and packaging, the book explains the relevant laws, regulations, and requirements in major markets worldwide. Coverage includes requirements such as text, dimensions, type sizes, graphic elements, symbols, and language for implantable devices, sterile devices, OTC products, in vitro diagnostic products, radiation emitting devices, contraceptive devices, and more. This is not a "cookbook" of easy-to-follow recipes. It is a comprehensive resource that gives you the tools to stay ahead in the ever-changing regulatory environment.

The pharmaceutical industry has changed beyond all recognition in the past 100 years. The modern industry is constantly in the news as new breakthroughs in medical treatment are announced, often provoking ethical and social debates about the implications of new technologies. This volume facilitates the study of the industry by providing information on the present location of pharmaceutical archives. The core of the book consists of a business-by-business guide to the industry's records. Each entry includes a brief history of the company, a summary of its surviving archives and a bibliography of related publications. Similar entries exist for trade associations and schools of pharmacy associated with the industry and there are two appendices listing small collections of records held and relevant public records. The historical compendium is supplemented by three introductory essays, written by leading academics in the field, outlining the history of the industry and describing the nature and uses of the archival records which it has created. These essays are supplemented by a select chronology of pharmaceutical legislation and a select bibliography of histories relating to the pharmaceutical industry in general. A users guide helps readers understand how the business entries were constructed and is supplemented by a glossary of terms used in this book As such, this book will no doubt prove an invaluable resource to researchers undertaking comparative studies of the pharmaceutical industry, the history of medicine and the retailing of medical drugs.

This volume, together with its companion volume Production and the Exploitation of Resources, examines the economic basis of the early Islamic world, looking at the organization of extractive and agricultural operations, manufacturing processes, and labour relations. This volume opens with studies of artisanal production that address the issues of specialization, the division of labour, and the proliferation of manufacturing occupations in early Islamic times, looking in particular at ceramic and textile production. The section on labour expands the enquiry to cover the legal and social status of manual labourers and questions of the organization and mobility of labour, wage labour, and labour partnerships. These studies deal with both the manufacturing and agricultural sectors, and also identify the role of slave labour in commerce, domestic service, agriculture and herding. Taken together, this body of work demonstrates a high degree of commercialization in the early Islamic economy, particularly in Iraq, Egypt and Ifriqiya.

Presenting recent applications in clinical development, pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic modeling, and clinical trial simulation, this in-depth reference studies the role of biomarkers in successful drug formulation and development-utilizing the latest discoveries in biomarker science to determine the safety and efficacy of emerging drug compounds.

Drug-related morbidity and mortality is rampant in contemporary industrial society, despite or perhaps because, government has assumed a critical role in the process by which drugs are developed and approved. Parrish asserts that, as a people, Americans need to understand how it is that government became the arbiter of pharmaceutical fact. The consequences of our failure to understand, he argues, may threaten individual choice and forestall the development of responsible therapeutics. Moreover, if current standards and control continues unabated, the next therapeutic reformation might well make possible the sanctioned commercial exploitation of patients. In "Defining Drugs," Parrish argues that the federal government became arbiter of pharmaceutical fact because the professions of pharmacy and medicine, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, could enforce these definitions and standards only through police powers reserved to government. Parrish begins his provocative study by examining the development of the social system for regulating drug therapy in the United States. He reviews the standards that were negotiated, and the tensions of the period between Progressivism and the New Deal that gave cultural context and historical meaning to drug use in American society. Parrish describes issues related to the development of narcotics policy through education and legislation facilitated by James Beal and Edward Kremers, and documents the federal government's evolving role as arbiter of market tensions between pharmaceutical producers, government officials, and private citizens in professional groups, illustrating the influence of government in writing enforceable standards for pharmaceutical therapies. He shows how the expansion of political rights for practitioners and producers has shifted responsibility for therapeutic consequences from individual practitioners and patients to government. This timely and controversial volume is written for the scholar and the compassionate practitioner alike, and a general public concerned with pharmacy regulation in a free society. Richard Henry Parrish II is assistant professor of pharmacy practice at the Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy at Shenandoah University. "Defining Drugs documents the evolution of social thought and action about pharmaceuticals in the United States in the 20th century. Written from a free-market perspective, Richard Parrish demonstrates how industry, goverment, and profressional leaders used science to justify the expansion of goverment power over standards and people. The Politicized definition of pharmaceutical fact cemented the foundation of pharmacotherapy in the modern pharmacratic state. Parrish's thesis will affect the current debates on federal power concerning the proper role of pharmacists, physicians, prescription laws, and Medicare prescription benefits; dietary supplements and herbal remedies; and nanotechnologies and pharmacgenomics. Scholary in documentation and persuasive in tone, "Defining Drugs" is an indispensable contribution to our understanding of the debate about drugs and drug policy." --Dr. Thomas Szasz, State University of New York "Parrish provides an invaluable analysis of the transformation of pharmaceutical regulation over the past millennium."--Peter Barton Hutt, Esq., Covington and Burling ""Defining Drugs" is an essential key for the medical profession and any who would understand the drug industry's regulation processes." uThe Midwest Book Review

Challenged by stringent regulations, vigorous competition, and liability lawsuits, medical device manufactures must develop safe, reliable, and cost-effective products, and managing and reducing risk is a vital element of reaching that goal. These guidelines focus on Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and its application throughout the life cycle of a medical device. It outlines the major U.S. and E.U. standards and regulations and provides a detailed yet easy-to-read overview of risk management and risk analysis methodologies, common FMEA pitfalls, and FMECA-Failure Mode, Effects, and Criticality Analysis.

Guidelines for Failure Modes and Effects Analysis for Medical Devices is written as a practical guide to achieving corporate consistency while dramatically cutting the time required for studies. It will help you prevent patient injuries, costly product recalls, and production department down-time.

Discover how the FMEA methodology can help your company achieve a more cost-effective manufacturing process by improving the quality and reliability of your products. This new FMEA manual from the experts at Dyadem is the ultimate resource for you and your colleagues to learn more about Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and then teach others at your facility. This comprehensive manual is sure to become a standard reference for engineering professionals.

This third of the three volume series highlights the intricate relationship in the handloom industry between its culture and the various areas of sustainability. While there have been major disruptions in this age old industry, this volume presents the design, development and environmental aspects to keep the industry moving ahead. The book contains seven chapters written by leading experts in the areas and discusses means to revive some of the cultures that are on the verge of closing/shutting down.

The control and organisation of the flow of goods in the supply chain is of vital importance to industry and commerce, including manufacturing industrial enterprises, where the timely and efficient delivery of their output at an economic cost is of great concern. This book considers the out-bound supply chain and the associated out-bound logistics ie the flow of goods from the point of production or manufacture to the point of consumption. In doing so, it has to cover a range of management topics and techniques, including measures of performance, order management and forecasting, stock management and management of the supply chain. Written in clear and jargon-free language, this book, whilst intended primarily students of engineering and manufacturing, at 3rd year undergraduate and postgraduate level, would also be of interest to logistics and operations management students. Typical examination questions are included.

Featuring extensive calculations and examples, this reference discusses theoretical and practical aspects of short-circuit currents in ac and dc systems, load flow, and harmonic analyses to provide a sound knowledge base for modern computer-based studies that can be utilized in real-world applications. Presenting more than 2300 figures, tables, and equations, the author explores matrix methods for network solutions and includes load flow and optimization techniques. He discusses ac and dc short-circuit systems calculations in accordance with standards set by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).

Food Safety in the Hospitality Industry is a user-friendly guide to current food safety and hygiene legislation and is vital reading for all those involved in food handling and preparation.
Using frequent practical examples, the text outlines and explains what you need to know about the following areas:
-The key legislation and legal background in easy-to-follow terms - includes a comparison of the UK and European Union.
-Safe food handling in practice - an easy reference source for all areas of a catering operation, including food service and labelling, storage and temperature controls and health and safety.
-The application of food safety policies in business - practical guidance on food hazard analysis, including planning, implementation, control and measurement.
Ideal reading for the core food safety component of hospitality management and catering degrees, the text is also a useful reference for industry practitioners who need to be up to speed on the legal requirements and best practice for maintaining safety and hygiene in the workplace.
Provides a framework around which all sectors of industry can build a food hygiene system
Covers the essential legal requirements and background
A practical, comprehensive breakdown of safe food handling practices and application of food safety policies

This book provides extensive insights and analysis into pricing models for autonomous manufacturing. Taking a cost engineering approach, it shows how businesses facing technological change can provide visibility to pricing sensitivity and maximize price, and profit in every transaction. The book pulls together the many elements of cost engineering; cost estimation, cost control, business planning and management, profitability analysis, cost risk analysis and project management, planning, and scheduling, and considers the many different approaches and methods for estimating or assessing costs. It aims to help companies with decision making, cost management, and budgeting with respect to product development, and highlights the importance of cost estimation during the early stages of product development. A discussion of appropriate pricing models is also included to determine the most effective course for handling operational costs in autonomous manufacturing systems in order to create a more productive and profitable system. Cost Engineering and Pricing in Autonomous Manufacturing Systems will provide new insights for researchers and students, as well as industrial practitioners interested in applied models which can be employed and implemented in real cases.

Praise for the previous edition: "[A] fascinating book." John Thackara, Doors of Perception "Provides the foundations for a radical new perspective." Ethical Pulse "At last a book that dispels the idea that fashion is only interested in trend-driven fluff: not only does it have a brain, but it could be a sustainable one." Lucy Siegle, Crafts Magazine Fully revised and updated, the second edition of Sustainable Fashion and Textiles: Design Journeys continues to define the field of design in fashion and textiles. Arranged in two sections, the first four chapters represent key stages of the lifecycle: material cultivation/extraction, production, use and disposal. The remaining four chapters explore design approaches for altering the scale and nature of consumption, including service design, localism, speed and user involvement. While each chapter is complete in and of itself, their real value comes from what they represent together: innovative ways of thinking about textiles and garments based on sustainability values and an interconnected approach to design. Including a new preface, updated content and a new conclusion reflecting and critiquing developments in the field, as well as discussing future developments, the second edition promises to provide further impetus for future change, sealing Sustainable Fashion and Textiles: Design Journeys as the must-buy book for fashion and textiles professionals and students interested in sustainability.