Electrospinning of nanofibers has emerged as a specialized processing technique for the formation of sub-micron fibers, with high specific surface areas. Electrospinning of Nanofibers in Textiles presents important new research in the dynamic and emerging field of electrospinning and covers all aspects of the technology as used to produce nanofibers.

Originally published in 1999 The Commercial Use of Biodiversity examines how biodiversity and the genetic material it contains are now as valuable resources. Access to genetic resources and their commercial development involve a wide range of parties such as conservation and research institutes, local communities, government agencies and companies. Equitable partnerships are not only crucial to conservation and economic development but are also in the interests of business and often required by law. In this authoritative and comprehensive volume, the authors explain the provisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity on access and benefit-sharing, the effect of national laws to implement these, and aspects of typical contracts for the transfer of materials. They provide a unique sector-by-sector analysis of how genetic resources are used, the scientific, technological and regulatory trends and the different markets in Pharmaceuticals, Botanical Medicines, Crop Development, Horticulture, Crop Protection, Biotechnology (in fields other than healthcare and agriculture) and Personal Care and Cosmetics Products. This will be an essential sourcebook for all those in the commercial chain, from raw material collection to product discovery, development and marketing, for governments and policy-makers drafting laws on access and for all the institutions, communities and individuals involved in the conservation, use, study and commercialisation of genetic resources.

Closed loop supply chains and their management have become mandatory for firms to stay competitive and profitable. This book provides insights into designing supply chain networks by understanding and incorporating key return parameters into the network design, which will affect profitability. The book discusses how customer categories and their acceptance behavior are incorporated into the network design. It also shows how to analyze the interaction of parameters on supply chain network design and profitability, offers modeling framework for incorporating uncertainties in the return product parameters, and shows how to design a robust network. Invaluable for managers in designing a sustainable, robust, and profitable supply chain network and ideal for managers, practitioners, and researchers in the area of supply chain network design and optimization.

Sustainable Production and Logistics: Modeling and Analysis Subject Guide: Engineering - Industrial & Manufacturing This book presents issues faced by planners of production and distribution operations in terms of smart manufacturing and sustainability, using efficient quantitative techniques in a variety of decision-making situations. Addressing the state-of-the-art of the smart and sustainable sides of production and distribution planning operations, it highlights how a current issue can be effectively approached and what particular quantitative technique can be used. The book goes on to provide a foundation in the new and fast-growing digital journey, and includes logistics 4.0 inside Industry 4.0, along with case studies. The information in this book is useful worldwide, especially in the Americas, Europe, Turkey, and Japan. It is written for academicians, researchers, practitioners, and students.

This book identifies factors of information system (IS) integration that influence supply chain agility and illustrates how IS integration can achieve greater supply chain agility. Also considering the consequent operational impacts that arise from IS-enabled supply chain agility, the author presents real-life examples through interviews and surveys to explore how IS integrations affect supply chain agility in the context of the Chinese automotive industry. The ability to swiftly respond to competitive challenges is a key element in industry 4.0 and organisations with agile supply chains are better prepared to respond to uncertainties and changes. This book develops and presents guidelines on the deployment of information system integration in order to achieve efficient agile supply chains.

Freeze Drying of Pharmaceutical Products provides an overview of the most recent and cutting-edge developments and technologies in the field, focusing on formulation developments and process monitoring and considering new technologies for process development. This book contains case studies from freeze dryer manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies for readers in industry and academia. It was contributed to by lyophilization experts to create a detailed analysis of the subject matter, organically presenting recent advancements in freeze-drying research and technology. It discusses formulation design, process optimization and control, new PAT-monitoring tools, multivariate image analysis, process scale-down and development using small-scale freeze-dryers, use of CFD for equipment design, and development of continuous processes. This book is for industry professionals, including chemical engineers and pharmaceutical scientists.

Manufacturing, like other industries, is rising to the challenges imposed by aggressive consumer demands and the need for cost-effective processing that delivers quality in the fastest possible time. Fierce competition means that keeping abreast of new developments and applications in technology is essential if companies are to meet demands profitably and keep ahead of competitors. This book investigates the design and management of digital manufacturing and assembly systems for an efficient, flexible, and modular production of customized products using the I40 (industry 4.0)-enabling technologies. This book will also provide case studies covering modeling, simulation, and optimization. eBook includes color figures. Discusses how the advancement of data communication and storage through the Internet of Things (IoT) opens the possibilities of connecting sensors, robots, and devices Sheds light on how the human role in industry is decreasing due to the development of connected manufacturing floors, allowing them to take more control over the manufacturing processes, decisions, and even maintenance Covers the benefits from exploiting digital manufacturing, manufacturing enterprises, and what they expect to achieve Explains the important roles that modeling, simulation, and optimization play Investigates the design and management of digital manufacturing and assembly systems for an efficient, flexible, and modular production of customized products exploiting the I40 (industry 4.0)-enabling technologies

Innovation is the lifeline of national development. This handbook is a collection of chapters that provide techniques and methodologies for achieving the transfer of defense-targeted science and technology development for general industrial applications. The handbook shows how to translate theory and ideas into practical applications. Experts from national defense institutions, government laboratories, business, and industry contributed chapters to this handbook. The handbook also serves as an archival guide for nations, communities, and businesses expecting to embark upon science and technology transfer to industry. Included are several domestic and international case examples of practical innovation. Since the dawn of history, nations have engrossed themselves in developing new tools, techniques, and methodologies to protect their geographical boundaries. From the crude implements used by prehistorical people to very modern technologies, the end game has been the same. That is, to protect the homeland. Even in times of peace, efforts must be made to develop new machinery, equipment, processes, and devices targeted for the protection of the nation. The emergence of organized nations and structured communities facilitated even more innovative techniques of national defense. Evolution, revolution, and innovation have defined human existence for millennia. From the Ice Age to the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, and to the modern age, innovation, rudimentary as it may be in many cases, has determined how humans move from one stage to the next. This comprehensive handbook provides a clear guide on the nuances of initiating and actualizing innovation. Both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of innovation are covered in the handbook. Features: Uses a systems framework to zero in on science and technology transfer Focuses on leveraging technical developments in defense organizations for general societal applications Coalesces the transfer strategies collated from various sources and practical applications Represents a world-class diverse collection of science and technology development, utilization, and transfer Highlights a strategy for government, academia, and industry partnerships

There has been a great deal of progress in additive manufacturing (AM) during the past two decades and recent developments have been highlighted by many researchers. However, until now, there has been a limit to what is available for beginners in a step-by-step format, showcasing the different commercial AM technologies for field application. This book helps fill that gap. Additive Manufacturing: Applications and Innovations presents case studies of commonly used AM technologies with basic numerical problems for better understanding. It also includes hybrid processes and 4D printing applications, which currently are not offered in other AM books. Features Offers solved and unsolved problems in additive manufacturing Provides an understanding for additive manufacturing per international standards Includes case studies for better understanding of the individual processes Presents a review of specific technology highlights Introduces future research directions, mainly in 4D printing applications

In the past, company success was typically measured by financial indicators. Lately though, non-financial measures such as employee morale have become popular. Although there are approaches that look into quantitative and qualitative performance measures affecting company success, none of them characterize it in a holistic way, combining all the critical performance measures. This book presents a multifaceted approach that prepares engineers and future organizational leaders/managers to measure, monitor, and predict company success in a more meaningful way.

Food is a source of nourishment, a cause for celebration, an inducement to temptation, a means of influence, and signifies good health and well-being. Together with other life enhancing goods such as clean water, unpolluted air, adequate shelter and suitable clothing, food is a basic good which is necessary for human flourishing. In recent times, however, various environmental and social challenges have emerged, which are having a profound effect on both the natural world and built environment - such as climate change, feeding a growing world population, nutritional poverty and obesity. Consequently, whilst the relationships between producers, supermarkets, regulators and the individual have never been more important, they are becoming increasingly complicated. In the context of a variety of hard and soft law solutions, with a particular focus on corporate social responsibility (CSR), the authors explore the current relationship between all actors in the global food supply chain. Corporate Social Responsibility, Social Justice and the Global Food Supply Chain also provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary response to current calls for reform in relation to social and environmental justice, and proposes an alternative approach to current CSR initiatives. This comprises an innovative multi-agency proposal, with the aim of achieving a truly responsible and sustainable food retail system. Because only by engaging in the widest possible participatory exercise and reflecting on the urban locale in novel, material and cultural ways, is it possible to uncover new directions in understanding, framing and tackling the modern phenomena of, for instance, food deserts, obesity, nutritional poverty and social injustice. Corporate Social Responsibility, Social Justice and the Global Food Supply Chain engages with a variety of disciplines, including, law, economics, management, marketing, retailing, politics, sociology, psychology, diet and nutrition, consumer behaviour, environmental studies and geography. It will be of interest to both practitioners and academics, including postgraduate students, social scientists and policy-makers.

Inventory Planning with Innovation: A Cost Focus discusses inventory planning concepts with major emphasis on innovation to reduce cost in a single volume. Provides an understanding of innovation efforts and linking it with inventory planning in reducing cost. Offers various factors influencing innovation efforts, knowledge of investment or expenditure that might be estimated before starting the innovation efforts, purchase inventory, and the manufacturing inventory. Covers important concepts including innovation efforts, strategic period, procurement inventory, total cost estimation, production inventory, related total cost planning, multiple products, multiple items procurements, and multiple items manufacture. This reference is primarily written for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and professionals in the field of industrial engineering, production engineering, and manufacturing science.

Food safety and hygiene is of critical importance to us all, yet, as periodic food crises in various countries each year show, we are all dependent on others in business and public regulation to ensure that the food we consume in the retailing and hospitality sectors is safe. Bridget Hutter considers the understandings of risk and regulation held by those in business and considers the compliance pressures on managers and owners, and how these relate to understandings of risk and uncertainty. Using data from an in-depth case study of the food retail and catering sectors in the UK, the research investigates how business risk management practices are influenced by external pressures such as state regulation, consumers, insurance and the media and by pressures within business. The argument of the book is that food businesses in the UK are generally motivated to manage risk. They realize that good risk management aligns with good business practice. However, there are challenges for an industry that is highly segmented in terms of risk management capacity. The findings have implications for contemporary risk regulation in the increasingly number of countries that rely on self-regulation. Managing Food Safety and Hygiene will prove invaluable for academic researchers and students in risk regulation studies, business studies, food studies, organizational studies, social psychology, socio-legal studies, sociology, management, public administration and political science. In addition, the book will also appeal to practitioners specifically to senior policy makers, regulators and business risk managers charged with managing risk in diverse organizational settings, and across different functional jurisdictions. Contents: Preface Introduction: Setting the Scene 1. Risk Regulation and Business Part I: The Food Retail and Hospitality Industry and Risk 2. The Food Retail and Hospitality Industry in the UK: A Research Approach 3. The Food Industry and Risk: Official Data and Workplace Understandings Part II: Risk Regulation 4. State Governance of Food Safety and Food Hygiene: The Regulatory Regime and the Views of those in the Food Sector 5. Risk Regulation Beyond the State: Research Responses about Non-State Regulatory Influences 6. Business Risk Regulation: Inside the Business Organization Part III: Conclusions and Policy Implications 7. Conclusions and Policy Implications Appendix 1: Profile of Phase 2 Respondents Appendix 2: Phase 2 Questionnaires Appendix 3: Phase 3 Interview Schedule

Medicinal chemistry and pharmacology are closely associated fields, and the use of natural products for their medicinal properties is ever-growing. The study of drugs from natural products and their effects on the living body are explored in this volume. The book looks into the research, discovery, and characterization of chemicals that exhibit biological effects. Providing an informative compilation of research, valuable case studies, and reviews of existing literature in the area, the book focuses on the ethnobotanical uses of natural products and phytochemicals for health care, including applications for diabetes, ulcers, wound healing, chronic alcoholism, hemorrhoidal treatment, cancer mitigation, pain management, immunotherapy, and more.

There is increasing interest in the area of protective vests, either for protection against bullets or protection from the most realistic threats within domestic frontline operations: edged weapon, knives, and medical needles. This volume addresses that need. This new book provides an in-depth survey of the state-of-the-art research and practical techniques in the area of protected fabrics, especially stab-resistant and bulletproof fabrics. The book covers: * The history of protective armor: the long history of the art of protective armor manufacturing. * Materials used for body armor: the design and materials used for soft armor to increase its perforation-resistance utilizing high-performance fibers. * Anti-stab and anti-bullet armor design: the different design parameters required for the design of flexible armor in order to stop high-velocity projectiles. * The comfort of the body armor design: the flexibility, thermal resistivity, and evaporative moisture resistivity through the fabric. * Methods of testing the flexible body armors: testing the components of flexible body armor, according to the level of the protection required, such as NIJ Standards, HOSDB Body Armour Standards for UK Police, and the German SK1 Standard, among others. Written by an expert in textile composite material engineering, this volume fills an important gap in the area of protective fabric against stabbing or bullets and provides invaluable practical knowledge for body armor design.

This book brings together the work of international economist, labour economists and sociologists in a far-reaching study of global production networks and the challenges they pose for developing country workers. A number of both empirical and theoretical questions are addressed and answers are provided by drawing on a variety of examples - from China to Mexico to South Africa to Eastern Europe. The studies show that globalized production creates a new set of challenges to economic development for entrepreneurs, workers, governments and international organizations. YILMAZ AKYUZ Tun Ismail Ali Chair in Monetary and Financial Economics, University of Malaya, Malaysia JENNIFER BAIR Assistant Professor of Sociology at Yale University, USA RADHIKA BALAKRISHNAN Associate Professor of Eonomics at Marymount Manhattan College, USA JANINE BERG Research Economist at the International Labor Organization in Geneva, Switzerland GUNSELI BERIK Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Utah, USA ANTHONY BLACK Associate Professor, School of Economics, University of Capetown, South Africa ELISSA BRAUNSTEIN Assistant Research Professor and Assistant Director of the Political Economy Resear

All over the world, vast research is in progress on the domain of Industry 4.0 and related techniques. Industry 4.0 is expected to have a very high impact on labor markets, global value chains, education, health, environment, and many social economic aspects. Industry 4.0 Interoperability, Analytics, Security, and Case Studies provides a deeper understanding of the drivers and enablers of Industry 4.0. It includes real case studies of various applications related to different fields, such as cyber physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, virtualization, decentralization, blockchain, fog computing, and many other related areas. Also discussed are interoperability, design, and implementation challenges. Researchers, academicians, and those working in industry around the globe will find this book of interest. FEATURES Provides an understanding of the drivers and enablers of Industry 4.0 Includes real case studies of various applications for different fields Discusses technologies such as cyber physical systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, machine learning, virtualization, decentralization, blockchain, fog computing, and many other related areas Covers design, implementation challenges, and interoperability Offers detailed knowledge on Industry 4.0 and its underlying technologies, research challenges, solutions, and case studies

Originally published in 1989 Defence Industries presents a worldwide survey of defence industries. It argues that modern weapon systems and electronic warfare have led to the transition of the military-industrial enterprise into a multifaceted entity where electronics production is the key. It analyses the extent of defence industries, showing that large portions of the aerospace, shipbuilding, motor vehicle and electronics industries are devoted to defence and discusses where the defence industries are located. It examines the differences in government policies, contrasting the superpowers, with newly industrialised countries.

In recent years, the study of textiles and culture has become a dynamic field of scholarship, reflecting new global, material and technological possibilities. This is the first handbook of specially commissioned essays to provide a guide to the major strands of critical work around textiles past and present and to draw upon the work of artists and designers as well as researchers in textiles studies. The handbook offers an authoritative and wide-ranging guide to the topics, issues, and questions that are central to the study of textiles today: it examines how material practices reflect cross-cultural influences; it explores textiles' relationships to history, memory, place, and social and technological change; and considers their influence on fashion and design, sustainable production, craft, architecture, curation and contemporary textile art practice. This illustrated volume will be essential reading for students and scholars involved in research on textiles and related subjects such as dress, costume and fashion, feminism and gender, art and design, and cultural history. Cover image: Anne Wilson, To Cross (Walking New York), 2014. Site-specific performance and sculpture at The Drawing Center, NYC. Thread cross research. Photo: Christie Carlson/Anne Wilson Studio.

Stem Cells: Scientific Facts and Fiction, Third Edition, provides a state-of-the-art overview on the field of stem cells and their current applications. The book incorporates the history and firsthand commentaries in the field from clinical and research leaders, covering interesting topics of note, including the first clinical trials to treat Parkinson disease, macular degeneration, and corneal replacement, the cloning of monkeys, the organoid field, and CRISPR-edited genomics. In addition, coverage of adult, embryonic stem cells and iPS cells is included. This new edition distinguishes itself from the multiplicity of websites about stem cells with a broad view of the field.

Human Factors in Intelligent Vehicles addresses issues related to the analysis of human factors in the design and evaluation of intelligent vehicles for a wide spectrum of applications and over different dimensions. To commemorate the 8th anniversary of the IEEE ITS Workshop on Human Factors (http://hfiv.net) some recent works of authors active in the automotive human factors community have been collected in this book. Enclosed here are extended versions of papers and tutorials that were presented at the IEEE ITSS Workshop on "Human Factors in Intelligent Vehicles" and also included is additional deeper analysis along with detailed experimental and simulation results. The contributors cover autonomous vehicles as well as the frameworks for analyzing automation, modelling and methods for road users' interaction such as intelligent user interfaces, including brain-computer interfaces and simulation and analysis tools related to human factors.

Shipbuilding in the United Kingdom provides a systematic historical account of the British Shipbuilders Corporation, first looking at this major industry under private enterprise, then under state control, and finally back in private hands. The chapters trace the evolution of public policy regarding shipbuilding, ship repair, and large marine engine building through the tenures of radically different Labour and Conservative governments, and through the response of the board of the British Shipbuilders Corporation, trade unions, and local management also. The book benefits from comprehensive archival research and interviews from the 1990s with leading players in the industry, as well as politicians, shipbuilders, trade union leaders, and senior civil servants. This authoritative monograph is a valuable resource for advanced students and researchers across the fields of business history, economic history, industrial history, labour history, maritime history, and British history.

Chiral Organic Pollutants introduces readers to the growing challenges of chirality in synthetic chemicals. In this volume, contributors brilliantly summarize the characteristics of chiral pollutants to provide tools and techniques for effectively assessing their environmental and human health risks. Chapters cover recent research on the physicochemical properties, sources, exposure pathways, environmental fate, toxicity, and enantioselective analysis of chiral organic pollutants. Chiral Organic Pollutants also provides comprehensive discussions on the current trends in the synthesis and legislation of chiral chemicals. Key Features: Includes sampling and analytical methods for the enantioselective analysis of a wide array of chiral organic pollutants in food and the environment Summarizes recent research on the sources, fate, transport, and toxicity of chiral organic pollutants in the environment Critically examines the sources and pathways of chiral organic pollutants such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and flame retardants in food Includes a comprehensive discussion on current trends in the enantioselective synthesis and chiral switching of pesticides and pharmaceuticals Provides analysis of current national and international regulations of chiral synthetic chemicals The use of chiral synthetic chemicals such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and halogenated flame retardants has significantly grown in the past 60 years. Hence, understanding the human and environmental health effects of chiral organic pollutants is crucial in the industry, academia, and policymaking. Chiral Organic Pollutants is an excellent textbook and reference for students, scientists, engineers, and policymakers interested in food quality, environmental pollution, chemical analysis, organic synthesis, and toxicology. Also available in the Food Analysis and Properties Series: Analysis of Nanoplastics and Microplastics in Food, edited by Leo. M.L. Nollet and Khwaja Salahuddin Siddiqi (ISBN: 9781138600188) Proteomics for Food Authentication, edited by Leo M.L. Nollet, and Semih OEtles (ISBN: 9780367205058) Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Food Analysis, edited by Leo M.L. Nollet (ISBN: 9781138370692) For a complete list of books in this series, please visit our website at: www.crcpress.com/Food-Analysis--Properties/book-series/CRCFOODANPRO

The Design and Development of Novel Drugs and Vaccines: Principles and Protocols presents both in silico methods and experimental protocols for vaccine and drug design and development, critically reviewing the most current research and emphasizing approaches and technologies that accelerate and lower the cost of product development. Sections review the technologies and approaches used to identify, characterize and establish a protein as a new drug and vaccine target, cover several molecular methods for in vitro studies of the desired target, and present various physiological parameters for in vivo studies. The book includes preclinical trials and research, along with information on FDA approval.

Inhaled medicines are widely used to treat pulmonary and systemic diseases. The efficacy and safety of these medicines can be influenced by the deposited fraction, the regional deposition pattern within the lungs and by post-depositional events such as drug dissolution, absorption and clearance from the lungs. Optimizing performance of treatments thus requires that we understand and are able to quantify these product and drug attributes. Inhaled Medicines: Optimizing Development through Integration of In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches explores the current state of the art with respect to inhalation drug delivery, technologies available to assess product performance, and novel in silico methods now available to link in vitro product performance to clinical performance. Recent developments in the latter field, especially the prospect of integration of three-dimensional Computational Fluid Particle Methods (3D-CFPD) with physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK models), unlocks the potential for in silico population studies that can help inform and optimize treatment and product development strategies. In this highly multidisciplinary field, where progress occurs at the intersection of several disciplines of engineering and science, this work aims to integrate current knowledge and understanding and to articulate a clear vision for future developments.