Statistics is made simple with this award-winning guide to using R and applied statistical methods. With a clear step-by-step approach explained using real world examples, learn the practical skills you need to use statistical methods in your research from an expert with over 30 years of teaching experience. With a wealth of hands-on exercises and online resources created by the author, practice your skills using the data sets and R scripts from the book with detailed screencasts that accompany each script. This book is ideal for anyone looking to: * Complete an introductory course in statistics * Prepare for more advanced statistical courses * Gain the transferable analytical skills needed to interpret research from across the social sciences * Learn the technical skills needed to present data visually * Acquire a basic competence in the use of R and RStudio. This edition also includes a gentle introduction to Bayesian methods integrated throughout. The author has created a wide range of online resources, including: over 90 R scripts, 36 datasets, 37 screen casts, complete solutions for all exercises, and 130 multiple-choice questions to test your knowledge.

Dieses Buch ist als Einfuhrung in die Statistik gedacht. Die dargelegten Methoden und Gedankengange sind aus den Statistik- vorlesungen fur Volks- und Betriebswirtschafter hervorgegangen, die ich seit rund einem Jahrzehnt an der Universitat in Freiburg/Schweiz gehalten habe. Das Buch richtet sich deshalb vor allem an Volks- und Betriebs- wirtschafter. Mit Rucksicht auf diesen Leserkreis wurden die notwendigen mathematischen Ableitungen moeglichst luckenlos durchgefuhrt, damit auch Leser, die in der Mathematik weniger bewan ert sind, den Darlegungen folgen und mathematisch anspruchsvollere Lehrbucher der Statistik mit mehr Gewinn lesen koennen. Meine Erfahrung hat gezeigt, dass diese Ableitungen fur das bessere Verstandnis der einzelnen Methoden und deren Grenzen unbedingt erforderlich sind. Der mathematisch geschulte Leser moege deshalb diese mathematische Weitschweifigkeit verzeihen. Das vorliegende Buch durfte deshalb zwischen den elementaren Statistik- buchern und den sehr anspruchsvollen Lehrbuchern der mathematischen Statistik seinen Platz haben. Im Anschluss an dieses Buch sind weitere Darstellungen -uber die Stichprobentheorie, die Versuchsplanung, die statistischen Testverfahren und die Zeitreihenanalyse geplant. Des weiteren wird auch das Verhaltnis zwischen Statistik, Operations Research, OEkonoemetrie und Datenverarbei- tung behandelt werden. Dem Verlag sei an dieser Stelle fur sein Verstandnis und seine her- vorragende Arbeit gedankt. Sollte diesem Buch Erfolg beschieden sein, so ist er weitgehend auf die sorgfaltige Arbeit des Verlags zuruck- zufuhren. Freiburg/Schweiz, Februar 1970 Ernst P. Billeter Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Geschichte, Wesen und Begriff der Statistik 1. 1. Geschichte der Statistik . 1 1. 2. Wesen der Statistik . 5 7 1. 3. Begriff der Statistik 2. Grundlagen der Statistik 2. 1. Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung . . . . . . .

This text provides a practical, hands-on introduction to data conceptualization, measurement, and association through active learning. Students get step-by-step instruction on data analysis using the latest version of SPSS and the most current General Social Survey data. The text starts with an introduction to computerized data analysis and the social research process, then walks users through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis using SPSS. The book contains applications from across the social sciences-sociology, political science, social work, criminal justice, health-so it can be used in courses offered in any of these departments. The Eleventh Edition uses the latest general Social Survey (GSS) data, and the latest available version of SPSS. The GSS datasets now offer additional variables for more possibilities in the demonstrations and exercises within each chapter.

System Assurances: Modeling and Management updates on system assurance and performance methods using advanced analytics and understanding of software reliability growth modeling from today's debugging team's point-of-view, along with information on preventive and predictive maintenance and the efficient use of testing resources. The book presents the rapidly growing application areas of systems and software modeling, including intelligent synthetic characters, human-machine interface, menu generators, user acceptance analysis, picture archiving and software systems. Students, research scholars, academicians, scientists and industry practitioners will benefit from the book as it provides better insights into modern related global trends, issues and practices.

Build a strong foundation in SAS data warehousing by understanding data transformation code and policy, data stewardship and management, interconnectivity between SAS and other warehousing products, and print and web reporting Key Features Understand how to use SAS macros for standardizing extract, transform, and load (ETL) protocols Develop and use data curation files for effective warehouse management Learn how to develop and manage ETL, policies, and print and web reports that meet user needs Book DescriptionSAS is used for various functions in the development and maintenance of data warehouses, thanks to its reputation of being able to handle 'big data'. This book will help you learn the pros and cons of storing data in SAS. As you progress, you'll understand how to document and design extract-transform-load (ETL) protocols for SAS processes. Later, you'll focus on how the use of SAS arrays and macros can help standardize ETL. The book will also help you examine approaches for serving up data using SAS and explore how connecting SAS to other systems can enhance the data warehouse user's experience. By the end of this data management book, you will have a fundamental understanding of the roles SAS can play in a warehouse environment, and be able to choose wisely when designing your data warehousing processes involving SAS. What you will learn Develop efficient ways to manage data input/output (I/O) in SAS Create and manage extract, transform, and load (ETL) code in SAS Standardize ETL through macro variables, macros, and arrays Identify data warehouse users and ensure their needs are met Design crosswalk and other variables to serve analyst needs Maintain data curation files to improve communication and management Use the output delivery system (ODS) for print and web reporting Connect other products to SAS to optimize storage and reporting Who this book is forThis book is for data architects, managers leading data projects, and programmers or developers using SAS who want to effectively maintain a data lake, data mart, or data warehouse.

In information technology, the concepts of cost, time, delivery, space, quality, durability, and price have gained greater importance in solving managerial decision-making problems in supply chain models, transportation problems, and inventory control problems. Moreover, competition is becoming tougher in imprecise environments. Neutrosophic sets and logic are gaining significant attention in solving real-life problems that involve uncertainty, impreciseness, vagueness, incompleteness, inconsistency, and indeterminacy. Neutrosophic Sets in Decision Analysis and Operations Research is a critical, scholarly publication that examines various aspects of organizational research through mathematical equations and algorithms and presents neutrosophic theories and their applications in various optimization fields. Featuring a wide range of topics such as information retrieval, decision making, and matrices, this book is ideal for engineers, technicians, designers, mathematicians, practitioners of mathematics in economy and technology, scientists, academicians, professionals, managers, researchers, and students.

With the development of computing technologies in today's modernized world, software packages have become easily accessible. Open source software, specifically, is a popular method for solving certain issues in the field of computer science. One key challenge is analyzing big data due to the high amounts that organizations are processing. Researchers and professionals need research on the foundations of open source software programs and how they can successfully analyze statistical data. Open Source Software for Statistical Analysis of Big Data: Emerging Research and Opportunities provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of cost-free software possibilities for applications within data analysis and statistics with a specific focus on R and Python. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as cluster analysis, time series forecasting, and machine learning, this book is ideally designed for researchers, developers, practitioners, engineers, academicians, scholars, and students who want to more fully understand in a brief and concise format the realm and technologies of open source software for big data and how it has been used to solve large-scale research problems in a multitude of disciplines.

Leverage the full potential of SAS to get unique, actionable insights from your data Key Features Build enterprise-class data solutions using SAS and become well-versed in SAS programming Work with different data structures, and run SQL queries to manipulate your data Explore essential concepts and techniques with practical examples to confidently pass the SAS certification exam Book DescriptionSAS is one of the leading enterprise tools in the world today when it comes to data management and analysis. It enables the fast and easy processing of data and helps you gain valuable business insights for effective decision-making. This book will serve as a comprehensive guide that will prepare you for the SAS certification exam. After a quick overview of the SAS architecture and components, the book will take you through the different approaches to importing and reading data from different sources using SAS. You will then cover SAS Base and 4GL, understanding data management and analysis, along with exploring SAS functions for data manipulation and transformation. Next, you'll discover SQL procedures and get up to speed on creating and validating queries. In the concluding chapters, you'll learn all about data visualization, right from creating bar charts and sample geographic maps through to assigning patterns and formats. In addition to this, the book will focus on macro programming and its advanced aspects. By the end of this book, you will be well versed in SAS programming and have the skills you need to easily handle and manage your data-related problems in SAS. What you will learn Explore a variety of SAS modules and packages for efficient data analysis Use SAS 4GL functions to manipulate, merge, sort, and transform data Gain useful insights into advanced PROC SQL options in SAS to interact with data Get to grips with SAS Macro and define your own macros to share data Discover the different graphical libraries to shape and visualize data with Apply the SAS Output Delivery System to prepare detailed reports Who this book is forBudding or experienced data professionals who want to get started with SAS will benefit from this book. Those looking to prepare for the SAS certification exam will also find this book to be a useful resource. Some understanding of basic data management concepts will help you get the most out of this book.

Das sachliche Hauptziel der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung ist die mathematische Erforschung von Massenerscheinungen. In formaler Hin sicht bedeutet das einen erkenntnistheoretisch genugend scharf ab gegrenzten Problemkreis: diejenigen Gesetzmassigkeiten der Erscheinun gen und Vorgange theoretisch zu erfassen, die durch das Massenhafte an ihnen (d. h. durch das Auftreten einer grossen Anzahl von in gewissem Sinne gleichberechtigten Ereignissen, Grossen u. dgl. m. ) in ihren Haupt zugen bedingt sind, so dass daneben die individuelle Beschaffenheit der einzelnen Ingredienten gewissermassen in den Hintergrund tritt. Rein mathematisch fuhrt das endlich zu Infinitesimalbetrachtungen einer spezifischen Gattung, indem die fur eine unendlich grosse Ingredienten anzahl geltenden Grenzgesetze systematisch untersucht und begrundet werden. In diesem Zusammenhang erscheinen die unter dem Namen von "Grenzwertsatzen" bekannten asymptotischen Gesetze der Wahr scheinlichkeitsrechnung keinesfalls als ein isoliertes Nebenstuck dieser Wissenschaft, sondern sie bilden im Gegenteil den wesentlichsten Teil ihrer Problematik. Diese "asymptotische" Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung ist als mathe matische Wissenschaft noch ziemlich weit davon entfernt, ein einheit liches Ganzes zu bilden. Vor wenigen Jahren zahlte sie zu ihren Ergeb nissen nur ein paar ganz abgesondert stehender, durch keinen allgemeinen Standpunkt vereinigter Grenzwertsatze. Nur in der allerletzten Zeit konnte sie gewisse neue Aussichtspunkte erringen, die die Hoffnung erwecken, fur dieses theoretisch grundlegende und auch fur die Natur wissenschaften ausserst wichtige Forschungsgebiet in absehbarer Zeit eine einheitliche Theorie zu gewinnen. Es mussen hier einerseits die aus der physikalischen Statistik kommenden, mit der sog."

Understand how machine learning works and get hands-on experience of using R to build algorithms that can solve various real-world problems Key Features Gain a comprehensive overview of different machine learning techniques Explore various methods for selecting a particular algorithm Implement a machine learning project from problem definition through to the final model Book DescriptionWith huge amounts of data being generated every moment, businesses need applications that apply complex mathematical calculations to data repeatedly and at speed. With machine learning techniques and R, you can easily develop these kinds of applications in an efficient way. Practical Machine Learning with R begins by helping you grasp the basics of machine learning methods, while also highlighting how and why they work. You will understand how to get these algorithms to work in practice, rather than focusing on mathematical derivations. As you progress from one chapter to another, you will gain hands-on experience of building a machine learning solution in R. Next, using R packages such as rpart, random forest, and multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE), you will learn to implement algorithms including neural net classifier, decision trees, and linear and non-linear regression. As you progress through the book, you'll delve into various machine learning techniques for both supervised and unsupervised learning approaches. In addition to this, you'll gain insights into partitioning the datasets and mechanisms to evaluate the results from each model and be able to compare them. By the end of this book, you will have gained expertise in solving your business problems, starting by forming a good problem statement, selecting the most appropriate model to solve your problem, and then ensuring that you do not overtrain it. What you will learn Define a problem that can be solved by training a machine learning model Obtain, verify and clean data before transforming it into the correct format for use Perform exploratory analysis and extract features from data Build models for neural net, linear and non-linear regression, classification, and clustering Evaluate the performance of a model with the right metrics Implement a classification problem using the neural net package Employ a decision tree using the random forest library Who this book is forIf you are a data analyst, data scientist, or a business analyst who wants to understand the process of machine learning and apply it to a real dataset using R, this book is just what you need. Data scientists who use Python and want to implement their machine learning solutions using R will also find this book very useful. The book will also enable novice programmers to start their journey in data science. Basic knowledge of any programming language is all you need to get started.

Discover how to build and backtest algorithmic trading strategies with Zipline Key Features Get to grips with market data and stock analysis and visualize data to gain quality insights Find out how to systematically approach quantitative research and strategy generation/backtesting in algorithmic trading Learn how to navigate the different features in Python's data analysis libraries Book DescriptionAlgorithmic trading helps you stay ahead of the markets by devising strategies in quantitative analysis to gain profits and cut losses. The book starts by introducing you to algorithmic trading and explaining why Python is the best platform for developing trading strategies. You'll then cover quantitative analysis using Python, and learn how to build algorithmic trading strategies with Zipline using various market data sources. Using Zipline as the backtesting library allows access to complimentary US historical daily market data until 2018. As you advance, you will gain an in-depth understanding of Python libraries such as NumPy and pandas for analyzing financial datasets, and explore Matplotlib, statsmodels, and scikit-learn libraries for advanced analytics. You'll also focus on time series forecasting, covering pmdarima and Facebook Prophet. By the end of this trading book, you will be able to build predictive trading signals, adopt basic and advanced algorithmic trading strategies, and perform portfolio optimization. What you will learn Discover how quantitative analysis works by covering financial statistics and ARIMA Use core Python libraries to perform quantitative research and strategy development using real datasets Understand how to access financial and economic data in Python Implement effective data visualization with Matplotlib Apply scientific computing and data visualization with popular Python libraries Build and deploy backtesting algorithmic trading strategies Who this book is forThis book is for data analysts and financial traders who want to explore how to design algorithmic trading strategies using Python's core libraries. If you are looking for a practical guide to backtesting algorithmic trading strategies and building your own strategies, then this book is for you. Beginner-level working knowledge of Python programming and statistics will be helpful.