This title presents a fast track route to mastering globalization and successfully managing global expansion. It covers the key areas of global operations and globalization, from understanding cultural differences and global consumers to being global but acting local and understanding the social implications of globalization. It features examples and lessons from some of the world's most successful businesses, including Amazon.com, Boeing, P&O and Sony and ideas from the smartest thinkers, including Anthony Giddens, Noreena Herz, Naomi Klein, David Korten, Richard Lewis, Michael Porter, Fons Trompenaars and George Yip. It includes a glossary of key concepts and a comprehensive resources guide.

"International Business and Society" is the first text to explore the breadth of business and society topics - corporate social performance, business ethics, business-government relations, stakeholder management, and issues management/public affairs - within the broader context of the international environment.

The book takes knowledge and understanding developed within uni-societal studies of business and society and extends the frame of reference to the international arena. To facilitate this exploration, the authors offer many new frameworks and conceptualizations such as the "institutional ideological model" and "stakeholder power bases" while they continue to address the more conventional topics of the field.

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) experienced 'golden days' during the 1990s and 2000s, they expanded globally and were major players in globalization. Today they have become powerful actors in the global economy. CEOs of international businesses are welcomed by heads of state as their counterparts, they are invited by governments to help solve global issues such as climate change and poverty, and they are facing dilemmas comparable to those of other international actors. However, MNEs are facing global legitimacy challenges. They are suspected of tax avoidance, using low wage countries for corporate benefits only, disrespecting privacy regulations, abusing consumer data, violating local community rights, exploiting natural resources, ignoring basic human rights, and employing too many lobbyists targeting national and international political decision-making processes for their own corporate interests. Although many of these challenges are not new, they have resurfaced and become more apparent during the past couple of years, partly due to the economic recession that many developed economies have faced and to the broader awareness of increasing global inequality and the importance of sustainability. How can international business respond? Strategic business diplomacy may be the answer. Business diplomacy involves developing strategies for long-term, positive relationship building with governments, local communities, and interest groups, aiming to establish and sustain legitimacy and to mitigate the risks arising from all non-commercial or exogenous factors in the global business environment. Business diplomacy is different from lobbying or strategic political activity; it implies an (strategic / holistic) approach of an international business to look at itself as an actor in the international diplomatic arena. Representation, communication and negotiation are key in such an approach. One of the consequences is that MNEs are able to operate in and show respect for an international business environment that consists of multiple stakeholders. This demands a strategic perspective and vision on the sector and the business environments in which the company wants to operate, and requires a specific set of instruments, skills and competences.

In the face of globalization, multinational companies have become the norm, rather than the exception. HR professionals now need to manage across borders, cultures and time zones, meaning that a complete understanding of the theory and practice of International Human Resource Management (HRM) is essential. International Human Resource Management is a concise introduction for all students studying International HRM at the Masters level. It covers everything from the cultural and institutional contexts, international employment law and the role of International Framework Agreements to recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, reward and benefits, job design and other functional areas of International HRM. With numerous industry examples and global case studies from companies such as Telefonica, Unilever and Volkswagen, International Human Resource Management goes beyond the theory to fully explore how International HRM works in practice. It is an indispensable textbook to prepare students for successful careers in human resources. Online supporting resources include additional case studies, lecture slides for every chapter, self-test exercises for students, discussion questions and further reading.

Latin American multinationals (multilatinas) have been central in the rise of emerging markets in the last few decades. Their development comprises part of the global shift of wealth and power between nations. The rise of firms in a broad range of sectors - including construction, oil, telecommunications and the aeronautical industry - as important regional and global players is spreading: companies in Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile and many others are part of this increasing phenomenon. This book analyses the trends, the countries and the firms involved, and explores the implications for the US, China, Spain and the rest of Europe. In particular, Javier Santiso examines how Spain might profit from positioning itself as a unique hub between Europe and Latin America. The Decade of the Multilatinas includes a wide range of statistical data which will be useful to scholars, policymakers and commentators on Latin America in particular, and international business and emerging markets more generally.

Posth arrived in China with a vision. He navigated a steep learning curve, achieved his goals and now shares an insightful, first-hand account of an intriguing journey that included bumps and highlights. "1,000 Days in Shanghai" is a breathtaking manual for anyone contemplating a business career in the increasingly vibrant arena of today's China. It is also a personal account, done with great sensitivity, revealing between the lines a deep respect for the spirit that propels China's social and industrial revolution today.
--Hans Michael Jebsen, Chairman, Jebsen and Co., Ltd.

To really understand China's economic development, one needs to look at the history of individual projects. This applies in particular to those who are considering a venture on site. This book by Martin Posth is a unique document on the subject: evidence of profound knowledge, didactically sound, with comprehensible conclusions--simply readable
--Prof. Heinrich v. Pierer, Former Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Siemens AG, Former Chairman of the German Asian-Pacific Business Commission, Co-Chairman of the German-Chinese Dialog Forum

This book is a must-read for anyone seeking to work in or via China. The personal experiences of a pioneering manager can also help management to see the transformation of China in a new light. Anybody wanting to be successful in China should heed the practical lessons that Martin Posth draws.
--Prof. Dr. Eberhard Sandschneider, Otto-Wolff-Director, Research Institute, Executive Officer, German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP)

In establishing the Volkswagen works in Shanghai at the beginning of Deng Xiaoping's reform era, Martin Posth made a breach in the wall behind which the People's Republic of China had dug its trenches up until then. His experiences are useful for anyone wanting to work the Chinese market with any degree of success. The fascinating reading that his report makes, and heeding his lessons, can help any entrepreneur to avoid costly mistakes.
--Dr. Theo Sommer, "DIE ZEIT," Editor-at-Large

For the Chinese, this book by Martin Posth is a historic document on the Open Door Policy for foreign investors. It is a must-read.
--Prof. Xu Kuangdi, Mayor of Shanghai 1995-2001; Chairman, China Federation of Industrial Economics (CFIE); Co-Chairman of the German-Chinese Dialog Forum

In Cross-Cultural Management, the author takes a critical, power-sensitive and culturally-aware perspective that moves beyond the paradigms debate, placing greater emphasis on the holistic nature of culture and its managerial consequences and taking into account the diversity and multiple identities apparent in cross-cultural management. Conceived by Chris Grey as an antidote to conventional textbooks, each book in the 'Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap' series takes a core area of the curriculum and turns it on its head by providing a critical and sophisticated overview of the key issues and debates in an informal, conversational and often humorous way. Suitable for students of cross-cultural management, human resource management or workplace diversity and professionals working in organizations and intercultural training.

Since its origins in the 1920s as a refrigerator factory in Qingdao supplying the Chinese market, Haier has risen to become a major multinational company, overtaking the likes of Whirlpool and LG, to become the world's leading manufacturer of household appliances today, with revenues of $30 billion. How did Haier achieve this amazing feat? This book examines Haier's organizational transformation, which can be traced back to 1984 when Zhang Ruimin (Haier's current CEO) joined the company, and which became the essence of Haier's sustained competitive advantage. In particular, it looks at the "RDHY Win-Win Model of Employee-Customer Integration", the latest management practice in Haier, which has had a profound effect on the company's performance, and which has captured the attention of academics and managers around the world.

The world's multinational enterprises face a spell of rough weather, political economist Ray Vernon argues, not only from the host countries in which they have established their subsidiaries, but also from their home countries. Such enterprises--a few thousand in number, including Microsoft, Toyota, IBM, Siemens, Samsung, and others--now generate about half of the world's industrial output and half of the world's foreign trade; so any change in the relatively benign climate in which they have operated over the past decade will create serious tensions in international economic relations. The warnings of such a change are already here. In the United States, interests such as labor are increasingly hostile to what they see as the costs and uncertainties of an open economy. In Europe, those who want to preserve the social safety net and those who feel that the net must be dismantled are increasingly at odds. In Japan, the talk of "hollowing out" takes on a new urgency as the country's "lifetime employment" practices are threatened and as public and private institutions are subjected to unaccustomed stress. The tendency of multinationals in different countries to find common cause in open markets, strong patents and trademarks, and international technical standards has been viewed as a loss of national sovereignty and a weakening of the nation-state system, producing hostile reactions in home countries. The challenge for policy makers, Vernon argues, is to bridge the quite different regimes of the multinational enterprise and the nation-state. Both have a major role to play, and yet must make basic changes in their practices and policies to accommodate each other.

In The Supranatural Corporation, Laura Westra lays bare corporate actions both domestic and international - under the guise of legal 'personhood' - and shows how corporations flaunt laws and act as controlling powers beyond the constraints imposed on legal state citizens. Corporations are now embedded within domestic legal regimes and insinuate themselves to subvert the very systems designed to restrain corporate power and protect the public.

This comprehensive study examines the global strategies of multinational corporations (MNCs), the strategic evolution and the categories of their subsidiaries in China based on 150 MNCs. It is the first large-scale project of this nature to be conducted. The research has significant bearing on strategic planning for firms that have set up, are setting up or are planning to establish subsidiaries in China, and the firms that try to compete in the global marketplace. The findings are significant for the West, owing to the current economic crisis and the need to determine if subsidiary expansion strategies will help Western firms achieve the portfolio effects in operations and avoid the harmful impact of macro events such as the existing global financial crisis. Additional empirical findings, analysis, discussions, and suggestions for future studies are also presented.

In Governance, Multinationals and Growth, leading scholars celebrate and build upon the pioneering work of Edward Safarian on multinational enterprises and foreign direct investment. The book explores the linkages among multinationals and foreign direct investment, corporate and public governance, and economic growth. The contributors pay particular attention to emerging policy issues that include the behavior of individual governments, intergovernmental organizations and civil society. In addition, they address linkages among MNEs, their governance and economic growth, and generic policy realities (and innovations) in a small-to-medium-sized economy. The comprehensive coverage includes discussion of: the impacts of foreign ownership on productivity and growth; family controlled pyramidal groups and economic nationalism; trade liberalization, product diversification and FDI patterns; mergers and acquisitions as a form of FDI; uncertain market access, risk aversion and state subsidies as locational determinants within a free trade area; changes in the international policy environment facing multinationals; environmental investor-state disputes; and international economic policy issues facing small economies with large neighbors. This authoritative volume will be of great interest to scholars and students of foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises, as well as to government economists and policymakers tackling these issues.

This book examines corporate strategies which are driving the processes of globalization. These strategies are evolving under the influence of national policies and of various patterns of cooperation between governments. The authors study the effects of different policy environments on the management of corporate operations. The interdependencies between countries are analysed as determinants of policies, with efforts to assess ways in which the activities of firms affect those interdependencies. Attention is given to the structural consequences of corporate strategies for decision makers shaping fiscal, monetary, financial, trade, industrial, foreign direct investment and competition policies. The authors aim to identify requirements and opportunities for cooperation between firms and governments, across borders and sectors. Concerted entrepreneurship and collaborative policy making are advocated.

Multinational Enterprises and Trade Policy comprises a selection of Alan Rugman's most important and influential articles on the multinational enterprise and government policy. This volume focuses on trade and investment policy as well as applications of the theory of internalization to government policy. Topics covered include: strategic trade policy, the 'double diamond' framework, the 'shelter' theory, the issue of foreign control, the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement and NAFTA and recent contributions on business networks and competitiveness. Special attention is given to the role of multinational enterprises in Canada, Japan and Europe. This book will be essential reading for both academics and policymakers interested in the relationships between multinational enterprises and governments. Together with its companion volume, The Theory of Multinational Enterprises, it will improve access to the work of Alan Rugman, one of the most cited scholars working on the multinational enterprise.

"Business Across Cultures" is the keystone book in the Culture for Business series. It provides an overview of all subjects tackled in the other books of the series. Its particular aim is to provide executives with a cross-cultural perspective on how companies meet the diverse needs of customers, investors and employees; to introduce the main ideas in business in a multicultural context; and to show how they all fit together.

Make informed decisions in today's dynamic international business environments
International accounting has never been so exciting. Not only is the pace of international business, finance, and investment rapidly increasing, but we are also moving closer than ever before toward a convergence of accounting standards worldwide.
Updated and revised to keep pace with these changes, this Sixth Edition of Radebaugh, Gray, and Black's International Accounting and Multinational Enterprises focuses on international business strategies and how accounting applies to these strategies. You'll learn how to use financial and accounting information across borders, and make more informed decisions in an increasingly complex international business environment. The authors also explain the key factors, including cultural differences, that influence accounting standards and practices in different countries, and how those factors impact the harmonization of standards worldwide.
New to This Edition:
* New coauthor, Ervin L. Black of Brigham Young University.
* Updated coverage on corporate governance, Sarbanes-Oxley, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), and how these forces affect U.S.-based multinationals, as well as companies in other countries.
* Increased coverage of the efforts of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) to establish a uniform set of International Financial Reporting Standards (IRFS) worldwide and its interface with different national standard setters, especially the FASB. Special attention is given to the experience of the European Union and Australia in adopting IFRS in 2005.
* A web-based International Accounting Practice Problem, which helps students see how to apply IFRS to a set of transactions.
* Brief, user-oriented examples called Strategic Decision Points at the beginning of each chapter.
* Expanded end-of-chapter material, including more discussion questions and exercises.
* New cases (two per chapter) on the web.
* Accounting for foreign exchange is now covered in two chapters. One chapter focuses on accounting issues, and the other chapter, which is new, focuses on foreign exchange risk management.

"International Management" focuses on the most crucial challenge faced by managers of multinational companies today - that of the generation and transfer of knowledge across national settings, organizations and networks.

The text takes an interactive approach to exploring this knowledge challenge. Each chapter consists of three parts: -
A theoretically-grounded presentation of a particular aspect of international management
A case study from the real world of international management that is designed to illustrate the theory
Case assignments that assist the student in relating the theory to the case.

In addition, the closing chapter contains a discussion of four particular challenges facing multinational companies in the coming decade, illustrated through a series of readings.

As well as a wide range of multinational companies, the text spans a variety of national settings and draws upon contributors based in a diverse range of countries. Countries featured directly include China, Denmark, Finland, France, India, Ireland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the USA.

Crisis management is not a new topic in management research and teaching. Every company meets challenges and crisis at some point and being able to deal with them decides whether a business survives. Despite this, crisis management has not yet been a prominent part of the modern business school curriculum. The pandemic has changed that, and how to deal with crisis has become the major question, not only for entrepreneurs and managers, but also for business educators.This book presents 22 case studies of Asian multinational corporations overcoming crisis. The topics do not only deal with the pandemic, but all kind of challenges of modern business and show how companies did overcome or which strategies they have developed to do so. The companies are divided into different industries such as the automotive industry, entertainment or aviation industries.The cases can be used in business and international management classes, but can also be read to learn about modern crisis management strategies.

Based on their ability to facilitate interdependencies across the borders of national and regional markets, multinationals enterprises (MNEs) act as the key drivers of world trade and investment activities. While recent global challenges additionally highlight the need to explain and assess the status and progress of internationality/-regionality, previous research renders the concept of firm-level globalization as a special but not the general case. Christoph Czychon dedicates specific attention to the research on regional and global MNEs based on an extensive and rigorous review of the existing academic literature as well as the analysis of 2005-2015 empirical data from the European context with a focus on CAC40- and DAX30-listed firms. In doing so, the author offers insights and results that stand in contrast to the original narrative of the debate and presents a comprehensive and updated perspective on regional and global MNEs.

Transnational corporations are one of the most important actors in the global economy, occupying a more powerful position than ever before. In their persistent battle to increase profits, they have increasingly turned to the developing world, a world that holds many attractions for them. But what is their impact on the poor? Now in its second edition, Big Business, Poor Peoples finds that these corporations are damaging the lives of millions of poor people in developing countries. Looking at every sector where transnational corporations are involved, this vital book is packed with detail on how the poor are affected. The book exposes how developing countries' natural resources are being ceded to TNCs and how governments are unwilling or unable to control them. The author argues that TNCs, answerable to no one but their shareholders, have used their money, size and power to influence international negotiations and taken full advantage of the move towards privatization to influence government policies; sovereignty is passing into corporate hands, and the poor are paying the price. But people are fighting back: citizens, workers, and communities are exposing the corporations and looking for alternatives. The first edition of this path-breaking book put the issue of transnational corporations and the poor firmly on the agenda. This second edition contains significant new and updated material and is an essential read for anyone who wants to know more about the effects of corporate power on the poor.

Ecuador is the third-largest foreign supplier of crude oil to the western United States. As the source of this oil, the Ecuadorian Amazon has borne the far-reaching social and environmental consequences of a growing U.S. demand for petroleum and the dynamics of economic globalization it necessitates. Crude Chronicles traces the emergence during the 1990s of a highly organized indigenous movement and its struggles against a U.S. oil company and Ecuadorian neoliberal policies. Against the backdrop of mounting government attempts to privatize and liberalize the national economy, Suzana Sawyer shows how neoliberal reforms in Ecuador led to a crisis of governance, accountability, and representation that spurred one of twentieth-century Latin America's strongest indigenous movements.Through her rich ethnography of indigenous marches, demonstrations, occupations, and negotiations, Sawyer tracks the growing sophistication of indigenous politics as Indians subverted, re-deployed, and, at times, capitulated to the dictates and desires of a transnational neoliberal logic. At the same time, she follows the multiple maneuvers and discourses that the multinational corporation and the Ecuadorian state used to circumscribe and contain indigenous opposition. Ultimately, Sawyer reveals that indigenous struggles over land and oil operations in Ecuador were as much about reconfiguring national and transnational inequality-that is, rupturing the silence around racial injustice, exacting spaces of accountability, and rewriting narratives of national belonging-as they were about the material use and extraction of rain-forest resources.

Is there a distinctive 'India way' of doing business? This query finds resonance not only among corporate leaders but also in academic studies focusing on emerging market multinational enterprises (EMMNEs) in Asia. The speed and spread of EMMNEs has caught the world by surprise, and prompted a need to understand whether, why, and how multinationals from emerging economies are different from the ones in developed countries. Based on comparative data and interviews with over 90 senior managerial personnel from Indian multinationals, this book provides a comprehensive picture of the emerging multinational firms from India in terms of their internationalization process, competitive advantages, approach to global markets, and future outlook. With chapters from leading scholars in the field of international business, Emerging Indian Multinationals throws light on the characteristics, concerns, challenges, and strategies of Indian multinationals from an emerging-market perspective to facilitate crossvergence of best practices for all multinationals in a multipolar world.

The current world economy is interconnected; however, due to recent economic crises, trade deficits, and nationalist movements, there is a political trend of economic nationalism that is taking root in countries around the world. As such, global economies around the world are decreasing their international trade and introducing import tariffs and economic protectionism. International Firms' Economic Nationalism and Trade Policies in the Globalization Era provides a comprehensive understanding of the recent rise of economic nationalism in the context of the hyper-connected global economy by providing strategies and country-specific solutions for domestic and international firms. Covering how multinational corporations can overcome the protectionist sentiments while reinventing their corporate social responsibility models, it showcases how economic nationalism and globalization can successfully coexist. This publication is ideally designed for business leaders, economists, professionals, policymakers, researchers, and academicians.

Enough is enough In 2011, Amazon paid an effective tax rate of 0.5 per cent on its UK earnings of GBP3.35 billion. In 2013-14, Apple Australia paid around $80 million in income tax on revenue of over $6 billion. Multinational corporations have avoided trillions of dollars of tax over the past 25 years. Tax avoidance is legal, but its massive abuse by multinationals has had a devastating effect on governments around the world, and has placed an unbearable burden on individual taxpayers and on honest local competitors. Multinational corporations generate profits in around 180 countries around the world. They work hard to avoid, reduce, or delay their tax obligations for as long as possible, and they generally succeed. Sometimes they pay nothing or, at best, the percentage of their multibillion-dollar incomes that they pay in tax is a lot less than the percentage an individual worker pays. Four accounting firms - PricewaterhouseCoopers, Ernst & Young, KPMG, and Deloitte- are the global accountants and tax advisers for the multinationals. They have been paid over $500 billion in the past 25 years to prepare annual accounts and to manage the multinationals' tax affairs. The favourite tool of the 'Big Four' accountancies to minimise tax for their multinational clients is transfer pricing: a complex and confusing array of methodologies and strategies that works to reduce tax or even avoid tax payments altogether. The Great Multinational Tax Rort explains how transfer pricing developed, and describes the strategies and tactics that the Big Four global accounting firms use on behalf of their voracious clients. Written by Martin Feil, one of the few independent experts on transfer pricing and profit repatriation by multinationals - a former poacher turned gamekeeper - this is a call to arms for citizens and governments to restore a fair taxation system.

There is a growing interaction between companies and countries, illustrated by a constant flow of trade, capital, and work. With the rapid emergence of other countries with sufficient potential to join the globalization process, it is necessary to provide techniques for managerial planning, organization, and control in an international context. Managerial Competencies for Multinational Businesses is a collection of innovative research on the methods of leadership styles and skills required for managers to be successful in an international company. Highlighting a range of topics, including human resource management, industrial relations, and international careers, this book is ideally designed for senior managers, business professionals, team leaders, and human resource managers seeking current research on the key aspects of managing a company in a developing globalized market.