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Books > Academic & Education > Professional & Technical > Neuroscience
This volume presents recent empirical advances using neuroscience techniques to investigate how culture influences neural processes underlying a wide range of human abilities, from perception and scene processing to memory and social cognition. It also highlights the theoretical and methodological issues with conducting cultural neuroscience research. Section I provides diverse theoretical perspectives on how culture and biology interact are represented. Sections II VI is to demonstrate how cultural values, beliefs, practices and experience affect neural systems underlying a wide range of human behavior from perception and cognition to emotion, social cognition and decision-making. The final section presents arguments for integrating the study of culture and the human brain by providing an explicit articulation of how the study of culture can inform the study of the brain and vice versa.
The present proposal offers an outline of the planned major
Handbook on Mammalian Vocalization, which fills a clear niche
existing in the science book literature and on the market. The
Handbook is designed as a broad and comprehensive, but
well-balanced book, written from the neuroscience point of view in
the broad sense of this term. Only a few issues will be reduced,
which are extensively covered in other recent book publications.
The Handbook is planned in a unique way and will not directly
compete with other books on the market. This well-illustrated
Handbook will pay a particular attention to systematically
organized details but also to the explanatory style of the text and
internal cohesiveness of the content, so the successive chapters
will gradually develop a consistent story without losing the
inherent complexity. Studies from many species will be included,
however, rodents will dominate, as most of the brain investigations
were done on these species.
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, often cited as 5-HT) is one of the
major excitatory neurotransmitter, and the serotonergic system is
one of the best studied and understood transmitter systems. It is
crucially involved in the organization of virtually all behaviours
and in the regulation of emotion and mood. Alterations in the
serotonergic system, induced by e.g. learning or pathological
processes, underlie behavioural plasticity and changes in mood,
which can finally results in abnormal behaviour and psychiatric
conditions. Not surprisingly, the serotonergic system and its
functional components appear to be targets for a multitude of
pharmacological treatments - examples of very successful drugs
targeting the serotoninergic system include Prozac and Zoloft.
Sleep is the natural state of bodily rest, common to all mammals
and birds and also seen in many reptiles, amphibians and fish. For
most species, regular sleep is essential for survival, yet the
specific purposes of sleep are still only partly clear and are the
subject of intense research. This volume is comprised of the
editors selection of the most relevant articles on sleep from the
"Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, " resulting in the first
comprehensive collection of introductory articles on the
neuroscience of sleep.Articles explore sleep s impact on neural
functioning, sleep disorders, the relation between sleep and other
clinical disorders, a look at sleep from a developmental
perspective, and more. * Chapters offer impressive scope with topics addressing neural functioning, disorders, development, and more, carefully selected by one of the most preeminent sleep researchers * Richly illustrated in full color with over 100 figures * Contributors represent the most outstanding scholarship in the field, with each chapter providing fully vetted and reliable expert knowledge"
This volume encompasses a variety of topics pertaining to patients with altered levels of consciousness, including valuable differences between disorders. Neurologists, researchers, and clinicians will find a comprehensive accounting of the distinctions between disorders that cause these altered states. Beginning with basic concepts of consciousness and neurobiology, this handbook progresses into more targeted and complex areas of discussion, including important technological advancements that have occurred in neuroimaging. Neurologists who are frequently called upon for prognostication
and to guide management of patients with these disorders will find
invaluable information, including chapters discussing comatose
states in children and pregnant women, encephalopathic patients,
nutrition disorders, and vegetative and minimally conscious states.
In addition, chapters devoted to philosophical backgrounds and
ethical implications involving patients with impaired
consciousness, are thoroughly presented.
This Handbook brings together and integrates comprehensively the
core approaches to fear and anxiety. Its four sections: Animal
models; neural systems; pharmacology; and clinical approaches,
provide a range of perspectives that interact to produce new light
on these important and sometimes dysfunctional emotions. Fear and
anxiety are analyzed as patterns that have evolved on the basis of
their adaptive functioning in response to threat. These patterns
are stringently selected, providing a close fit with environmental
situations and events; they are highly conservative across
mammalian species, producing important similarities, along with
some systematic differences, in their human expression in
comparison to that of nonhuman mammals. These patterns are
described, with attention to both adaptive and maladaptive
components, and related to new understanding of neuroanatomic,
neurotransmitter, and genetic mechanisms. Although chapters in the
volume acknowledge important differences in views of fear and
anxiety stemming from animal vs. human research, the emphasis of
the volume is on a search for an integrated view that will
facilitate the use of animal models of anxiety to predict drug
response in people; on new technologies that will enable direct
evaluation of biological mechanisms in anxiety disorders; and on
strengthening the analysis of anxiety disorders as biological
phenomena.
In the last ten years the neuroscience of language has matured as a
field. Ten years ago, neuroimaging was just being explored for
neurolinguistic questions, whereas today it constitutes a routine
component. At the same time there have been significant
developments in linguistic and psychological theory that speak to
the neuroscience of language. This book consolidates those advances
into a single reference.
This volume presents a comprehensive guide to one of the most important goals of neuroscience, establishing precision structure-function relationships in the brain. Progressing from the early stages of research, specifically the advent of computerized tomography and later, magnetic resonance imaging, this invaluable resource will take clinicians on an all encompassing journey into the ways different fields of neurology can work together to advance our understanding of brain disorders. Complex topics including the neurochemistry of cognition, neuropsychology of aging and dementia, disorders of semantic memory, working memory, and the dysexecutive syndromes, amongst others, are thoroughly discussed and presented. Clinicians will find a state-of-the-art reference guide that can
be used to further understand how the fields of neuropsychology and
behavioral neurology can complement each other to produce
advancements in the neurosciences.
The effects of global warming on human health factors with special
regards to our brain function are still not well understood. There
is an urgent need to expand our knowledge on the effects of hot
environment on our brain functions in healthy and in diseased
populations. It is still unclear whether infectious events,
traumatic injuries, metabolic diseases, carcinogenic events,
cardiovascular and respiratory functions will be adversely affected
by the rise in global temperature or whether environmental
pollutants, such as nanoparticles entered into our body system will
produce more damage at high ambient temperatures. This book aims to
answer these questions based on recent research carried out by top
experts in the field from the USA (11 chapters), Europe (8)
chapters), the Middle East (3 chapters), Asia (2 chapters) and
Canada (1).
Neurotrauma is the leading cause of death and disability in young
adults, and the incidence in older patients is increasing.
Neurotrauma is also a field in medicine with one of the highest
unmet needs. Concentrated, focused and multidisciplinary efforts
are required to combat this important disease. Exciting findings
from basic research open opportunities for improving treatment
results.
Written by Caleb Finch, one of the leading scientists of our time,
The Biology of Human Longevity - Inflammation, Nutrition, and Aging
in the Evolution of Lifespans synthesizes several decades of top
research on the topic of human aging and longevity particularly on
the recent theories of inflammation and its effects on human
health. The book expands a number of existing major theories,
including the Barker theory of fetal origins of adult disease to
consider the role of inflammation and Harmon's free radical theory
of aging to include inflammatory damage. Future increases in
lifespan are challenged by the obesity epidemic and spreading
global infections which may reverse the gains made in lowering
inflammatory exposure. This timely and topical book will be of
interest to anyone studying aging from any scientific angle.
Over the past 25 years the amount of data pertaining to the
GABAergic function in the basal ganglia has increased dramatically.
GABA and the Basal Ganglia - From Molecules to Systems is a
comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art of knowledge
about the neuroanatomy, neuropharmacology and neurophysiology of
the basal ganglia, focusing on its GABAergic microcircuitry. It
serves as a complete reference to the body of knowledge about the
basal ganglia, its constituent neurons, and their interconnections.
This volume is designed to serve as a convenient all-in-one review
and reference for experienced basal ganglia researchers as well as
an introduction to the functional organization of the basal ganglia
and its GABAergic circuitry for students and researchers new to the
field.
The book is a history of the McKnight Endowment Fund for
Neuroscience and an assessment of its effectiveness in advancing
neuroscience. The book discusses the Fund's early and steady
commitment to basic science as well as it's tradition of leveraging
relatively modest dollars to make a big difference in careers and
the field overall.
This book presents 13 reviews collected to present the new advances
in all areas of addiction research, including knowledge gained from
mapping the human genome, the improved understanding of brain
pathways and functions that are stimulated by addictive drugs,
experimental and clinical psychology approaches to addiction and
treatment, as well as both ethical considerations and social
policy. The book also includes chapters on the history of addictive
substances and some personal narratives of addiction. Introduced by
Sir David King, Science Advisory to the UK Government and head of
the Office of Science and Technology, and Nora Volkow, director of
the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the USA, the book uniquely
covers the full range of disciplines which can provide insight into
the future of addiction, from genetics to the humanities. Written
for a scientific audience, it is also applicable to non-specialists
as well.
The efficient delivery of cellular constituents to their proper
location is of fundamental importance for all cells and is of
particular interest to neuroscientists, because of the unique
functions and complex architecture of neurons. Protein Trafficking
in Neurons examines mechanisms of protein trafficking and the role
of trafficking in neuronal functioning from development to
plasticity to disease. The book is divided into seven sections that
review mechanisms of protein transport, the role of protein
trafficking in synapse formation, exo- and endocytosis, transport
of receptors, trafficking of ion channels and transporters,
comparison of trafficking mechanisms in neuronal vs. non-neuronal
cell types, and the relationship between trafficking and neuronal
diseases such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Prion Diseases.
Autonomic dysfunction is a major and poorly understood consequence
of spinal cord injury. It is a cause of very serious disability and
requires much more research. It should be a focus of treatment
strategies. This book will be of interest to anyone involved in
research and treatment of spinal cord injury since it helps to
explain the tremendously negative impact on the body caused by cord
injury that is not as obvious as paralysis and loss of sensation.
It contains a compilation of what is known about bladder,
cardiovascular, bowel and sexual dysfunction after spinal cord
injury, as it relates to the changes within the autonomic nervous
system control of these functions.
The Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System presents, in a readable
and accessible format, key information about how the autonomic
nervous system controls the body, particularly in response to
stress. It represents the largest collection of world-wide
autonomic nervous system authorities ever assembled in one book. It
is especially suitable for students, scientists and physicians
seeking key information about all aspects of autonomic physiology
and pathology in one convenient source. Providing up-to-date
knowledge about basic and clinical autonomic neuroscience in a
format designed to make learning easy and fun, this book is a
must-have for any neuroscientist s bookshelf
Hardbound. This volume is devoted to Sample Surveys, which is the most widely used method in statistical practice. It covers many theoretical and practical aspects of social and biological investigations, and is a valuable guide for those involved in designing sample surveys.
Embodied theories claim that semantic representations are
grounded in sensorimotor systems, but the contribution of
sensorimotor brain areas in representing meaning is still
controversial. One current debate is whether activity in
sensorimotor areas during language comprehension is automatic.
Numerous neuroimaging studies reveal activity in perception and
action areas during semantic processing that is automatic and
independent of context, but increasing findings show that
involvement of sensorimotor areas and the connectivity between
word-form areas and sensorimotor areas can be modulated by
contextual information. "Context Effects on Embodied Representation
of Language Concepts "focuses on these findings and discusses the
influences from word, phrase, and sentential contexts that
emphasize either dominant conceptual features or non-dominant
conceptual features.
This issue of "International Review of Neurobiology" brings
together cutting-edge research on neuromodulation. It reviews
current knowledge and understanding, provides a starting point for
researchers and practitioners entering the field, and builds a
platform for further research and discovery.
The fourth edition of "Fundamental Neuroscience" reinvents itself as an engrossing and comprehensive presentation of the discipline of neuroscience, from molecules to cognition. Thorough but succinct, and lavishly illustrated, the book builds from an introductory section that includes fundamental neuroanatomy and goes on to cover cellular and molecular neuroscience, development, sensory systems, motor systems, regulatory systems, and behavioral and cognitive neuroscience. The book has been retooled to better serve its audience in the neuroscience and medical communities. The chapters include more than 100 boxes describing clinical
conditions, techniques, and other special topics. Each chapter went
through a thorough review process, giving the book an evenness of
tone. The chapters are authored by outstanding working scientists
who are experts on the topics they cover.
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Alzheimer s disease, Parkinson s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affect a large number of populations worldwide for which no suitable cure is currently available. In addition, stroke, nanoparticle intoxication, diabetes, hypertension, and psychostimulant abuse either alone or in combination are capable of inducing potential brain damage. Thus, there is an urgent need to expand our knowledge to find suitable therapeutic strategies to enhance neurorepair processes in such diseases. This volume presents neuroprotection and novel therapeutic strategies developed in the last 5 years by 12 world leaders in the field. The term neuroprotection means rescuing neuronal and non-neuronal cells together. The cerebral endothelium that constitutes the anatomical and physiological site of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is one of the most important non-neural cells in the CNS. Any distortion of the BBB leads to brain diseases and restoration of the barrier results in neuroprotection. Thus, the BBB appears to be the "gateway" for neurological diseases and neurorepair. However, to treat brain tumors or infarcts, new therapeutic strategies are needed to enhance brain drug delivery using nanotechnology. In addition, apart from conventional drugs, restoration of BBB function could also be achieved by means of antibodies directed against specific proteins, neurotransmitters or exogenous supplement of neurotrophic factors. Since co-morbidity factors e.g., hypertension, diabetes, and exposure of nanoparticles could complicate the pathogenesis of neurological disorders either an enhanced dose of the drug or nanodelivery of a combination of several drugs is needed to achieve neuroprotection. This volume of "International Review of Neurobiology" is the
first to discuss novel therapeutic strategies in situations of
neurological disorders in combination with different co-morbidity
factors. Reviews written by experts in such a way thatprovides basic knowledge for beginners and advanced information for researchers and experts. New aspects of Neurodegenerative diseasessuch as;Alzheimer s Disease, Parkinson s Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis are presented with thelatest therapeutic measures. Exacerbation of brain pathology in hypertension or diabetes is discussed for the first time. "
The study of mathematical cognition and the ways in which the
ideas of space, time and number are encoded in brain circuitry has
become a fundamental issue for neuroscience. How such encoding
differs across cultures and educational level is of further
interest in education and neuropsychology. This rapidly expanding
field of research is overdue for an interdisciplinary volume such
as this, which deals with the neurological and psychological
foundations of human numeric capacity. A uniquely integrative work,
this volume provides a much needed compilation of primary source
material to researchers from basic neuroscience, psychology,
developmental science, neuroimaging, neuropsychology and
theoretical biology.
Published since 1959, International Review of Neurobiology is a well-known series appealing to neuroscientists, clinicians, psychologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists. Led by an internationally renowned editorial board, this important serial publishes both eclectic volumes made up of timely reviews and thematic volumes that focus on recent progress in a specific area of neurobiology research. This volume reviews existing theories and current research surrounding the movement disorder Dyskinesia. Leading authors review state-of-the-art in their field of
investigation and provide their views and perspectives for future
research
Inflammation is a central mechanism in many neurological diseases, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, and brain trauma as well as meningitis and contributes to the generation of pain. We are now beginning to understand the impact of the immune system on different nervous system functions and diseases, ranging from damage through tolerance to modulation and repair. This book discusses some of the more common neuro-inflammatory
diseases. Topics covered include multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis
and Susac syndrome. |
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