This book introduces a variety of advanced machine learning approaches covering the areas of neural networks, fuzzy logic, and hybrid intelligent systems for the determination and diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, the tactical solutions of machine learning have proved its vast range of significance and, provided novel solutions in the medical field for the diagnosis of disease. This book also explores the distinct deep learning approaches that are capable of yielding more accurate outcomes for the diagnosis of cancer. In addition to providing an overview of the emerging machine and deep learning approaches, it also enlightens an insight on how to evaluate the efficiency and appropriateness of such techniques and analysis of cancer data used in the cancer diagnosis. Therefore, this book focuses on the recent advancements in the machine learning and deep learning approaches used in the diagnosis of different types of cancer along with their research challenges and future directions for the targeted audience including scientists, experts, Ph.D. students, postdocs, and anyone interested in the subjects discussed.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the molecular players in the tumor microenvironment, including Cathepsin D, galectins, iron, oxygen, Phospholipase D1, leptin, extracellular vesicles, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironment: Molecular Players - Part A is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.

Cancer Nanotheranostics, Volume 2 continues the discussion of the important work being done in this field of cancer nanotechnology. The contents of these two volumes are explained in detail as follows. In the first volume of Cancer Nanotheranostics, we discuss the role of different nanomaterials for cancer therapy including lipid-based nanomaterials, protein and peptide-based nanomaterials, polymer-based nanomaterials, metal-organic nanomaterials, porphyrin-based nanomaterials, metal-based nanomaterials, silica-based nanomaterials, exosome-based nanomaterials, and nano-antibodies. This important second volume discusses nano-based diagnosis of cancer, nano-oncology for clinical applications, nano-immunotherapy, nano-based photothermal cancer therapy, nanoerythrosomes for cancer drug delivery, regulatory perspectives of nanomaterials, limitations of cancer nanotheranostics, safety of nanobiomaterials for cancer nanotheranostics, multifunctional nanomaterials for targeting cancer nanotheranostics, and the role of artificial intelligence in cancer nanotheranostics. Volume 2 is a vital continuation of this two-volume set. Together, these two volumes create a comprehensive and unique examination of this important area of research.

This book comprehensively examines chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a common dose-limiting condition that negatively affects both the quality of life of cancer patients and disease outcomes. CIPN remains a challenging area for both clinical care and research, as there are multiple unresolved issues. Written by leading international experts, the book discusses the natural history of CIPN, the latest predictors of toxicity, instruments for evaluating symptoms, and prevention/therapeutic strategies, as well as patients' experiences of this common clinical syndrome. Lastly it highlights avenues for future research to enhance our understanding of CIPN. Providing essential information on the management of CIPN and the latest research in the field, this book is a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare providers working with patients with various malignant diseases.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health challenge as the third leading cause for cancer related mortalities worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic strategies, the five-year survival rate for CRC patients has remained the same over time due to the fact that patients are often diagnosed in advanced metastatic stages. Drug resistance is another common reason for poor prognosis. Researchers are now developing advanced therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination nanotechnology for drug delivery. In addition, the identification of new biomarkers will potentiate early stage diagnosis. This book is the first of three volumes on recent developments in colorectal diagnosis and therapy. Each volume can be read on its own, or together. Each volume focuses on different novel therapeutic advances, biomarkers, and identifies therapeutic targets for treatment. Written by leading international experts in the field, coverage also addresses the role of diet habits and lifestyle in reducing gastrointestinal disorders and incidence of CRC. Chapters discuss current and future diagnostic and therapeutic options for colorectal cancer patients, focusing on immunotherapeutic, nanomedicine, biomarkers, and dietary factors for the effective management of colon cancer.

This book reviews the latest developments in the design, synthesis, and molecular mechanism of action of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in the context of potential cancer therapy. HDAC inhibitors are emerging as promising anticancer drug molecules that promote growth arrest, differentiation and apoptosis of cancer cells with tumor selective toxicity. The book begins with an overview of various epigenetic modifying enzymes that are involved in cancer transition and progression; before exploring the potential of HDACs in cancer treatment. It provides a classification of HDAC inhibitors based on their structural attributes, and addresses HDAC-induced cytotoxicity.. Lastly, it discusses and assesses the rationale behind therapies that combine HDAC inhibitors with other anticancer agents to treat solid tumors. Given its scope, it offers a valuable resource for all researchers, clinicians, and students working in formulation, drug discovery, oncology, and personalized medicine.

This thoroughly revised second edition is an up-to-date overview of the new advances in the knowledge of the basic science in sarcoma and osteosarcoma. It features detailed, in-depth discussions of microRNAs in osteosarcoma, historical perspectives of chemotherapy in the treatment of the disease, tumor targeted IL12 therapy and HER2 targeted therapy, the role of enhancer elements in regulating the prometastatic transcriptional program and more. Further, this essential volume also includes new insights on Wnt signaling in osteosarcoma, the role of genomics, genetically modified T-cell therapy, liquid biopsy, oncolytic viruses, immunophenotyping, receptor tyrosine kinases and epigenetic-focused approaches for treatment of osteosarcoma metastases, as well as thoughts on the current standard of treatment for patients suffering from these cancers. In the years since the previous edition, there have been numerous new developments in this rapidly changing field; this new edition is both timely and urgently needed. When taken together these companion volumes, Current Clinical (Book 1) and Scientific (Book 2) Advances in Osteosarcoma, are a timely and urgently needed guide for laboratory investigators and clinical oncologists.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health challenge as the third leading cause for cancer related mortalities worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic strategies, the five-year survival rate for CRC patients has remained the same over time due to the fact that patients are often diagnosed in advanced metastatic stages. Drug resistance is another common reason for poor prognosis. Researchers are now developing advanced therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and combination nanotechnology for drug delivery. In addition, the identification of new biomarkers will potentiate early stage diagnosis. This book is the second of three volumes on recent developments in colorectal diagnosis and therapy. Each volume can be read on its own, or together. Each volume focuses on different novel therapeutic advances, biomarkers, and identifies therapeutic targets for treatment. Written by leading international experts in the field, coverage addresses the role of diet habits and lifestyle in reducing gastrointestinal disorders and incidence of CRC. Chapters discuss current and future diagnostic and therapeutic options for colorectal cancer patients, focusing on immunotherapeutics, nanomedicine, biomarkers, and dietary factors for the effective management of colon cancer.

Natural compounds obtained from plants represent a tremendous global market due to their use as food additives, cosmetics, in agriculture and in pharmaceuticals. This book provides up-to-date information on various strategies and methods for producing compounds of interest. Leading researchers discuss the latest advances in environmentally friendly natural compound production from plants, making the book a valuable resource for biotechnologists, pharmacists, food technologists and researchers working in the medical and healthcare industries.

Advances in Cancer Researchprovides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. Here, once again, outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety of topics
Provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research.
Outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety of topics.

This book explores the role of exaptation in diverse areas of life, with examples ranging from biology to economics, social sciences and architecture. The concept of exaptation, introduced in evolutionary biology by Gould and Vrba in 1982, describes the possibility that already existing traits can be exploited for new purposes throughout the evolutionary process. Edited by three active scholars in the fields of biology, physics and economics, the book presents an interdisciplinary collection of expert viewpoints illustrating the importance of exaptation for interpreting current reality in various fields of investigation. Using the lenses of exaptation, the contributing authors show how to view the overall macroscopic landscape as comprising many disciplines, all working in unity within a single complex system. This book is the first to discuss exaptation in both hard and soft disciplines and highlights the role of this concept in understanding the birth of innovation by identifying key elements and ideas. It also offers a comprehensive guide to the emerging interdisciplinary field of exaptation, provides didactic explanations of the basic concepts, and avoids excessive jargon and heavy formalism. Its target audience includes graduate students in physics, biology, mathematics, economics, psychology and architecture; it will also appeal to established researchers in the humanities who wish to explore or enter this new science-driven interdisciplinary field.

Protein kinases are fascinating enzymes that maintain the proper function of nearly every task performed by the cells of the human body. By extracting a phosphate from the energy molecule ATP and linking it to another protein, protein kinases alter the structure and ultimate function of other proteins. In this way, protein kinases help monitor the extracellular environment and integrate signaling cues that, for the most part, are beneficial for human health and survival. However, protein kinases are often dysregulated and responsible for the initiation and progression of many types of cancers, inflammatory disorders, and other diseases. Thus, decades of research have revealed much about how protein kinases are regulated and approaches to inhibit these enzymes to treat disease. However, nearly 30 years since the identification of the first clinically beneficial small molecule protein kinase inhibitor, there are only a few examples where these drugs provide sustained and durable patient responses. The goal of this book is to provide biomedical scientists, graduate, and professional degree students insight into different approaches using small molecules to block specific protein kinase functions that promote disease.

This book reviews the current applications and future prospects of nanomaterials in cancer diagnostics and therapy. Nanomaterials have recently emerged as a remarkable and promising tool for cancer therapy and diagnosis, due to their broad range of intrinsic molecular properties. To overcome the current limitations of nanoparticles in drug delivery systems, attempts have been made to synthesize nanoparticles from biological materials for targeted cancer therapy. This book provides concise evaluations of various potential bio-inspired platforms that mimic natural components of the body and offer effective and versatile drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. It also assesses the potential of nanoparticles to enhance the outcomes of cancer immunotherapy via immune cell activation and tumor microenvironment modulation. The book also summarizes in the applications of nanomaterials for the detection, prevention, and treatment of solid tumors and in the treatment of leukemia and lymphomas. In closing, it discusses ethical issues in nanomedicine, including risk assessment, risk management, and risk communication during clinical trials. The book offers offers a valuable source of information for students, academics, researchers, scientists, clinicians, and healthcare professionals working in nanotechnology and cancer research.