The visual system must extract from the light that falls on the retina meaningful information about what is where in our environment. At an early stage it analyzes the incoming sensory data along many dimensions of pattern vision, e.g. spatial frequency, orientation, velocity, eye-of-origin. Visual Pattern Analyzers provides a definitive account of current knowledge about this stage of visual processing. Nowhere else can such a comprehensive summarty of the lower level pattern analyzers be found. The book's emphasis is on psychophysical experiments measuiring the detection and identification of near-threshold patterns -- and the mathematical models, such as multidimensional signal-detection theory, used to draw inferences from such experimental results -- but neurophysiological evidence is presented and compared critically to the psychophysical evidence. Introductory material on psychophysical methods, signal detection theory, and the mathematics of Fourier analysis is gioven in order to make the book more accessible to all who are interested in the lower or higher levels of visual perception. This volume will be of great value to researchers and graduate students in the fields of vision and perception. Within the scientific community there is wide interest in the visual system, and the book will be of use to investigators in many fields, including psychophysics, neuroscience, ophthalmology and optics, computer science, and cognitive and experimental psychology.

Management of Vitreo-Retinal Disease: A Surgical Approach provides a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis, clinical management and surgery of many retinal disorders. As such it will be invaluable to both trainee and consultant ophthalmologists but will also be very useful to optometrists and ophthalmic opticians who are becoming increasingly involved in the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic disorders. The authors' wealth of experience in the field is presented to the reader in a didactic text supported by illustrations and photographs (many in colour) which enable the reader to readily convert the knowledge presented into practice.

This second edition is the result of a collaborative effort of ophthalmic pathologists from 11 countries and is more extensive and detailed than its predecessor published in 1980. Several new tumour entities have been added, while the list of histological variants has been expanded and examples of immunoreactivity included. The publication of the revised eye and adnexal tumour classification is accompanied by 112 photomicrographs.

The second edition of this comprehensive, 1032-pages text and atlas provides ophthalmic surgeons and trainees with the latest advances and techniques in their field. Divided into ten sections, the book begins with an overview of the basic principles of ophthalmic surgery. Each of the following sections is dedicated to surgical procedures for diseases and disorders in different parts of the eye. Surgical techniques are explained in a step by step format and each section is colour-coded for easy cross reference and navigation. Ethics and medico-legal issues are also discussed in depth. Authored by internationally recognised experts in ophthalmic surgery, this new edition has been fully revised and updated. Nearly 1000 clinical photographs, illustrations and tables further enhance the extensive text. Key points Comprehensive text and atlas providing latest advances and techniques in ophthalmic surgery Fully revised, second edition with nearly 1000 photographs, illustrations and tables Internationally recognised author team Previous edition (9789351525004) published in 2015

If you have been diagnosed with cataracts or are concerned you may have them, get detailed and understandable answers to your questions with Cataracts: A Patient's Guide to Treatment, Third Edition, newly updated to include the latest information on rapidly-evolving cataract surgical and lens implant technologies. Even though cataract surgery is performed several million times a year, it is common for patients to have questions, concerns, and misconceptions when it comes to the surgery. This useful resource covers the most commonly-asked questions with clear, understandable explanations. Two foremost cataract experts walk readers through the procedure and explain why cataracts form, how they are diagnosed, how they are treated, and what other eye conditions may affect cataract surgery, all in a way that is easily understandable for patients and their families. Easy-to-read and brief in length, it nonetheless provides comprehensive information on patient-specific issues that affect cataract surgery success and outcomes. It serves as an excellent supplement to information and advice obtained from the patient's own eye doctor. A few of the questions answered inside Cataracts: A Patient's Guide, Third Edition are: How are cataracts diagnosed? How do I know if I should have cataract surgery? What kind of anaesthesia is used during surgery? Which of the intraocular lens implant options should I consider? What is the role of lasers in cataract surgery? What is the recovery like after surgery? Will I still need glasses or contacts after surgery? Can I have surgery if I have glaucoma or other eye conditions? After reading this book, you will be able to make a well-informed decision about cataract surgery and will understand much more about the range of artificial lens implant options that can get you seeing clearly again.

We make 3-5 eye movements per second, and these movements are crucial in helping us deal with the vast amounts of information we encounter in our everyday lives. In recent years, thanks to the development of eye tracking technology, there has been a growing interest in monitoring and measuring these movements, with a view to understanding how we attend to and process the visual information we encounter Eye tracking as a research tool is now more accessible than ever, and is growing in popularity amongst researchers from a whole host of different disciplines. Usability analysts, sports scientists, cognitive psychologists, reading researchers, psycholinguists, neurophysiologists, electrical engineers, and others, all have a vested interest in eye tracking for different reasons. The ability to record eye-movements has helped advance our science and led to technological innovations. However, the growth of eye tracking in recent years has also presented a variety of challenges - in particular the issue of how to design an eye-tracking experiment, and how to analyse the data. This book is a much needed comprehensive handbook of eye tracking methodology. It describes how to evaluate and acquire an eye-tracker, how to plan and design an eye tracking study, and how to record and analyse eye-movement data. Besides technical details and theory, the heart of this book revolves around practicality - how raw data samples are converted into fixations and saccades using event detection algorithms, how the different representations of eye movement data are calculated using AOIs, heat maps and scanpaths, and how all the measures of eye movements relate to these processes. Part I presents the technology and skills needed to perform high-quality research with eye-trackers. Part II covers the predominant methods applied to the data which eye-trackers record. These include the parsing of raw sample data into oculomotor events, and how to calculate other representations of eye movements such as heat maps and transition matrices. Part III gives a comprehensive outline of the measures which can be calculated using the events and representations described in Part II. This is a taxonomy of the measures available to eye-tracking researchers, sorted by type of movement of the eyes and type of analysis. For anyone in the sciences considering conducting research involving eye-tracking, this book will be an essential reference work.

Chandler and Grant's Glaucoma - one of the field's seminal texts on the medical practice and surgical management of glaucoma, now in its Sixth Edition - includes the latest updates in an area that is currently experiencing a surge of innovation. Edited by Drs. Malik Y. Kahook and Joel S. Schuman and with contributions from the late David L. Epstein and more than 80 contributors, Chandler and Grant's Glaucoma, Sixth Edition brings together the experience of world-class glaucoma experts who belong to a long line of surgeons trained using the teachings of the original authors of this classic work. Each chapter has been meticulously edited and updated from the previous edition, while maintaining the well-established historical teachings of Drs. Paul A. Chandler and W. Morton Grant. New chapters on medical therapy as well as thorough updates on novel and minimally invasive approaches for the surgical management of glaucoma have been added. New topics and features in the Sixth Edition include: Advances in imaging of the optic nerve and retina Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors Glaucoma and cerebrospinal fluid pressure The US Food and Drug Administration's role in the development of new diagnostic and surgical devices for patients with glaucoma Chandler and Grant's Glaucoma has been the most relevant and invaluable reference on glaucoma for generations of ophthalmologists. This updated Sixth Edition builds on the teachings of previous editions, making the Sixth Edition as relevant in the 21st century as when the first lectures were presented by Drs. Chandler and Grant more than 55 years ago.

This is a self-assessment book for candidates for postgraduate examina tions in ophthalmology. It covers all of the sciences fundamental to o phthalmology: anatomy (60 multiple choice questions), physiology (93 m ultiple choice questions), pharmacology (36), pathology (33), and micr obiology (42). Questions are grouped according to specialty area, foll owed by True/False Answers that are all supported with concise explana tions. The book can therefore be used for learning as well as practice . The book's most innovative feature is the set of 21 constructed essa y plans, covering the major topics of concern in this field. It is not oriously difficult to provide model answers to essay questions, but he re the authors have developed a new, highly visual approach with the c onsistent use of icons, to provide an at-a-glance understanding.

This second edition of Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide for Occupational Therapists provides current, evidence-based information on low vision rehabilitation that contains several new and expanded chapters on ADLs, IADLs, and recreation, as well as new online resources and the latest in accessibility devices. Low vision rehabilitation is rapidly growing as a specialty practice for occupational therapists. This growth requires practical, evidence-based information on the evaluation and treatment of the effects of low vision on occupational performance. Responding to this need, Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide for Occupational Therapists, Second Edition blends standards of practice that have been developed for over 50 years by low vision therapists and optometrists, with the latest scientific research and the unique perspective of occupational therapists. This text presents a new standard of low vision rehabilitation in which occupational therapists practice as part of a team of vision rehabilitation professionals serving patients with low vision. Authors Stephen Whittaker, a low vision researcher, certified low vision therapist and occupational therapist, Mitchell Scheiman, an optometrist and researcher, and Debra Sokol-McKay, an occupational therapist with specialty certification in low vision as well as certification as a low vision therapist, vision rehabilitation therapist and diabetes educator, have carefully selected evidence-based evaluations and treatments that focus on clinical practicality and meaningful occupational goals in all patients from children to older adults. New to the Second Edition: A focus on occupational performance using "whatever works," whether visual, non-visual, or a combination of these different devices and adaptive techniques The "EPIC" Framework, a general strategy to organize a treatment plan for daily activities using visual and non-visual techniques Access to a companion website designed as a handy clinical reference, with solutions to clinical problems easily searchable and cross-linked to related content The "Success-Oriented Approach" to interventions based on the most recent research on cognitive disability and depression associated with low vision Applications of the latest electronic accessibility devices including smartphones, tablets, and magnifiers that read aloud Incorporates the AADE (TM) 7 Self-Care Behavior framework of the American Association of Diabetes Educators Incorporates concepts from the latest edition of the AOTA Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process Instructors in educational settings can visit www.efacultylounge.com for additional materials to be used for teaching in the classroom. Features Included: Recommended practical evaluation and treatment methods such as a 1 hour evaluation protocol, how to write observable and measurable goals and document outcomes, and specific instructions on how to implement treatments Prepares therapists for the ACVREP certification as a low vision therapist or vision rehabilitation or AOTA specialty certification in low vision Emphasizes intervention and low vision rehabilitation treatment including: modification of the environment adaptive visual and non-visual techniques selection and use of non-optical assistive devices selection and use of electronic and optical devices and use of computer technology including smartphones and tablets Comprehensive case studies on vision impairment resulting from eye disease to head injury and more Provides valuable information on how to start an independent practice in low vision rehabilitation Includes a chapter on diabetes management Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide for Occupational Therapists, Second Edition employs an interdisciplinary perspective that is unique, practical, and credible and will benefit Occupational Therapy and Occupational Therapy Assistant students, as well as practicing clinicians interested in specializing in low vision or other health care practitioners for patients with vision impairment.

Examines psychological factors and their influence on the rehabilitative processes for visually impaired and blind people. Drawing on examples from a range of sensory and physical disabilities, this book emphasizes the importance of treating people individually, based on consideration of their psychological strengths and weaknesses as well as physical functioning.;Written for workers with visually impaired people, this book is equally accessible to students and qualified workers, including rehabilitation workers, O & M specialists, occupational therapists, social workers and psychologists. Students and workers should find the language easy to understand and largely non-technical. Where specialized terminology is used, it is illustrated with concrete examples. Of special relevance is a chapter examining "burn-out", which accounts for unnecessary losses of talented and conscientious workers. Dodds offers ways in which workers can recognize signs of burn-out, as well as suggestions for dealing with it.

Here's the best single-source guide to the basic science and clinical skills needed by ophthalmic medical personnel! Designed for both on-the-job and classroom training, this multi-faceted, new text is packed with all of the information needed to build afoundation in basic ophthalmic sciences, neuroanatomy, and optics. Plus, step-by-step guidelines give readers hands-on exposure to the full range of skills needed in practice - from the basics, such as history taking and visual assessment, to the most advanced such as ophthalmic photography and surgical assisting. Concise coverage of pathology helps readers recognize and understand the eye disorders and eye diseases they face in practice.In-depth discussions and a full range of practical examples make concepts easy to grasp Learning objectives help readers to understand and master the basic skills, while easy-to-follow guidelines and over 750 illustrations - 42 in full color - make the full range of technical skills immediately practice applicableA full color Pathology Insert provides the visual guidelines necessary for accurate assessment of the eye disorders and diseases readers encounter in practice Appendix A - a Mathematics Reference - and the exercises and practice problems in Appendix B promote a full understanding and proficiency in the ophthalmic calculations needed in practice

Diabetes and Retinopathy brings together the multifaceted information about the research and clinical application from academic, clinical, bioengineering and bioinformatics perspectives. The editors bring together a stellar cast of authors to pull together this diverse and interesting field. Academic researchers, bioengineers, new investigators and students interested in diabetes and retinopathy need an authoritative reference to bring this multidisciplinary field together to reduce the amount of time spent on source-searching and more time on actual research and the clinical application. This reference depicts the current clinical understanding of DR as well as the many scientific advances in understanding this condition.

Problemorientiertes Lernen hei t am Patienten lernen; es hei t, individuelle Patientensituationen in ihren diagnostischen und therapeutischen Anspr chen gemeinsam zu diskutieren und darauf aufbauend zeitgem e Konzepte des Patientenmanagements zu entwickeln. Der vorliegende Symposiumsband wendet dieses Prinzip auf die moderne Glaukomatologie an. Eine Reihe von nicht allt glichen Glaukompatienten wird vorgestellt und die Patientenf hrung berzeugend erl utert.

Obwohl die medikament|se Therapie am Auge ein t{gliches Problem in der Augenheilkunde ist, findet sie nicht h{ufig genug kritische und nach neuen L|sungen suchende Betrachtung. Aus diesem Grunde wurden aktuelle Aspekte zur "Pharmakotherapie am Auge" in folgenden Bereichen dargestellt: 1. Glaukom 2. Trockenes Auge 3. Antiproliferative Therapie bei proliferativen Vitreoretinopathien 4. Antibiotikatherapie Neben der pharmakologischen Therapie sind zus{tzlich diagnostische und pathogenetische ]berlegungen einbezogen, umdie ]berlegungen zum Beginn oder zur [nderung einer Therapie sowie zur Auswahl eines Therapeutikums darzustellen.

Advances in the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in uveitis and uveoretinitis led to the introduction of various new therapeuticmodalities for these diseases, thus raising the need for a comprehensive and reproducible standard scoring system. This monograph is the end result of extensive studies and presents a universal grading system that reflects both intraocular inflammatory activity and visual acuity and can beused as a standard means of classification throughout the world.

Are you a medical student, resident, or fellow trying to absorb as much information on the basics of retina surgery as efficiently as possible? Are you a general ophthalmologist who needs a quick refresher on a complex procedure? Reach into your lab coat pocket and pull out The Pocket Guide to Vitreoretinal Surgery, for easy access to the essential information you need right now. Dr. Jason Crosson and colleagues have designed this book as the ultimate quick-read manual on retina surgery, using a conversational tone that allows readers to retain information in the most effective manner. Medical students, residents, and fellows will be delighted to use this accessible, high-yield handbook during their rotations to familiarize themselves with the "nuts and bolts" of retina surgery, while general ophthalmologists will be glad to have it as a quick reference guide to current best practices. Each chapter in The Pocket Guide to Vitreoretinal Surgery is arranged in short, easy to read sections, and is accompanied by numerous color photographs to aid in recognition and retention.

Part of the new series Gems of Ophthalmology, this book provides the latest information in the diagnosis and management of retinal diseases and disorders. Beginning with an overview of diagnostic imaging techniques - ophthalmoscopy, angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and choroidal imaging, the next chapters discuss retinal disorders related to diabetes. The following sections discuss numerous disorders such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy, macular degeneration, macular holes, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, and much more. The final sections cover surgical management of retinal problems including giant retinal tears, retinoblastoma, cysts, retinal detachment, and microincision vitreoretinal surgery. This comprehensive text is further enhanced by clinical and surgical photographs, diagrams and tables. Other topics in the series include: Cornea & Sclera, Diseases of the Uvea, Glaucoma, and Cataract Surgery. Key points Comprehensive guide to diagnosis and management of retinal diseases Part of the new Gems of Ophthalmology series Covers many common and more complex disorders and diseases Other topics in the series include: Cornea & Sclera, Diseases of the Uvea, Glaucoma, and Cataract Surgery

Whilst this book is primarily compiled for nurses who care for patients with eye disease, it will be useful to other health professionals who are also interested in the holistic ca re of such patients, e.g. opticians, orthop tists, social workers and junior medical staff. The care is presented as a systematic approach to the more common actual and potential problems. Typically, a problem is identified with a desired outcome and the nursing interventions possible to achieve this. Evaluation has not been included as this is dependent on an identified time limit for outcomes to be achieved which is individual to each patient. Part One covers the general aspects of ophthalmie care in the various situations where patients are nursed, e.g. casualty, theatre, wards. Part Two is based on a medical model, where each section of the eye is studied separately; the applied physiology of that part of the eye; the more common conditions affecting it; the possible medical management of the condition and the nursing care of the patient taking into account the medical prescription. The list of medical conditions is not exhaus tive, and only a general guideline of medical management is given as far as it influences nursing care. A list of widely available books for further reference to ocular pathology and medical management is given in the Appendix.

The visual system must extract from the light that falls on the retina meaningful information about what is where in our environment. At an early stage it analyzes the incoming sensory data along many dimensions of pattern vision, e.g. spatial frequency, orientation, velocity, eye-of-origin. Visual Pattern Analyzers provides a definitive account of current knowledge about this stage of visual processing. Nowhere else can such a comprehensive summarty of the lower level pattern analyzers be found. The book's emphasis is on psychophysical experiments measuring the detection and identification of near-threshold patterns -- and the mathematical models, such as multidimensional signal-detection theory, used to draw inferences from such experimental results -- but neurophysiological evidence is presented and compared critically to the psychophysical evidence. Introductory material on psychophysical methods, signal detection theory, and the mathematics of Fourier analysis is given in order to make the book more accessible to all who are interested in the lower or higher levels of visual perception. This volume will be of great value to researchers and graduate students in the fields of vision and perception. Within the scientific community there is wide interest in the visual system, and the book will be of use to investigators in many fields, including psychophysics, neuroscience, ophthalmology and optics, computer science, and cognitive and experimental psychology.

This series of multiple choice questions is based on the textbook Common Eye Diseases And Their Management (1985), also from Springer-Verlag. The questions have been grouped to fit in with the chapter headings in the latter. Many of the questions are supported by expanded answers but further information should be sought in the textbook. The format of the questions has been arranged so that the number of true or false answers varies and we have taken pains to eliminate the ambiguities which tend to creep into multiple choice question papers. In compiling these questions, we have attempted to incorporate a number of key facts and it will be seen that these have occasionally been repeated for emphasis. A surprisingly large amount of information is contained in questions and answers, and simply reading through both can be a useful learning experience in itself. The questions have been aimed at the medical student level but it is hoped that they may be of some value to general practitioners outside ophthalmology and perhaps also to postgraduates. The computerised Kuder-Richardson reliability index, which measures the consistency of a student's perform ance, has shown these questions to be reliable in assessing a students' knowledge. A sample of these questions has been tested in another medical school and we understand that students' marks there equate well with the results from essay questions."

This manual is written to assist the student of optics or the ophthalmology resi dent in reviewing optics. It is particularly suitable as an optics Board review. However, it was not intended to accomplish the far greater task of encompassing the entire field of geometric optics or even of teaching all that the ophthalmologist needs to know of visual optics or refraction. This manual represents the distillation of lecture notes for an optics Board-review course given at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfIrmary, Harvard Medical School, for the last seven years. This optics lecture series, which has also been given at Boston University and at the University of Southern California, has traditionally taken place over a week, with three two hour sessions. Obviously, this six-hour lecture series could not possibly cover the entire field of optics for clinicians. This optics Board-review lecture series has customarily involved a few problems at the end of each lecture which then provided a basis for a review that was given at the beginning of the next lecture. These problems have always proven a useful means of self-testing as well as practice for becoming more comfortable and facile with the concepts involved. The problems have not been taken from the American Board of Ophthalmology test materials, either written or oral. However, they incorporate many of the concepts and computational manipulations which are frequently tested on the ophthalmology boards."

Neuro-ophthalmology, like in any field of medicine, has many areas where controversy exists in diagnosis and treatment. Controversies in Neuro-Ophthalmology provides a comprehensive overview on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of neuro-ophthalmic disorders and specifically addresses areas where there is a general lack of consensus amongst practitioners. Each chapter opens with a case to illustrate a pertinent controversy and then poses a clinical question. The issue is then discussed by world leading experts to provide a balanced viewpoint. Designed to foster vigorous debate among colleagues, this book is essential reading for neuro-ophthalmologists, ophthalmologists, and neurologists.

After a compound and its various effects - or, as the case may be, any particular one of these - have been discovered there is still a long way ahead until it is available for use in daily practice as a finished product. Before reaching the doctor, the substance is examined by chemists, pharmacologists and pharmacists - just to mention a few of the most important stages in a whole research sequence. Before the drug is finally made available on the market, the findings resulting from animal experiments must be confirmed in clinical studies. The expectations involved in its development must be met, and sufficient evidence has to be established as to the drug's effects and side effects, indications and contraindications, and the questions of safe use and appropriate dosage. Only then may the drug be registered and introduced to the market. In this respect Metipranolol eye drops, which have recently been launched on the market, formed no exception and had likewise to go through all these various stages. A series of investigators at many different centers participated in this procedure, and at the invitation of the manufacturers, Messrs. Dr. Gerhard Mann, they assembled for discussions at a symposium held in Berlin in January 1983, and reported on the substance and their experiences with it.

Thorough, up to date, and unique in the field, Comprehensive Textbook of Eyelid Disorders and Diseases, by Drs. Jonathan J. Dutton, Hatem A. Tawfik, and Alan D. Proia, offers a complete up-to-date review of the most common eyelid disorders. In 147 chapters, the authors provide highly illustrated discussions of each condition, suitably detailed for ophthalmologists working in oculoplastics, neuro-ophthalmology, and pediatrics, as well as facial surgeons, dermatologists, and dermatopathologists. Offers detailed coverage on a full range of eyelid disorders, including congenital and developmental anomalies, eyelid malpositions, benign lesions, movement disorders, aging phenomena, and malignant neoplasms Presents information in an easy-to-reference, consistent format: historical background, etiology and pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, histopathology, known genetic relationships, treatment options, prognosis, current research, and extensive references Includes introductory chapters on key topics such as evolution of the vertebrate eyelids, embryology, anatomy, basics of histopathology and terminology, clinical history and eyelid examination Provides superb visual guidance in more than 800 highly-quality, full-color photographs and histopathology sections Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.