The nature, control, and disorders of eye movements are topics which draw together scientists from many diverse fields. On October 29-30, 1976, a Symposium on Eye Movements was held at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio. The Symposium constituted the Southern Sectional Meeting of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. The Program Coordinators, Drs. Frank Bajandas and Barbara Brooks invited an outstanding group of participants to give presentations on a variety of aspects of this subject. This volume contains all of the invited presentations delivered at that meeting. It does not include the excellent free papers, nor the enthusiastic and fruitful discussions that the participants and the audience enjoyed as well. The editorial work for this book was performed by Dr. Brooks and Dr. Bajandas with great care and efficiency. They have made special efforts together with the Publisher, Plenum Press, to bring this information to you in the shortest possible time, so as to retain the currency of its contents. This effort would not have been even considered without the tireless and always dependable assistance of Mrs. Catherine Arocha and Mrs. Louise Whelan. We are also indebted to the ~exas State Commission for the Blind for its help in defraying the expenses ever attendant at significant symposia. George W. Weinstein, M.D.

This book has been conceived to aid eye care practitioners such as ophthalmologists and optometrists as well as other eye care or research professionals such as biologists, biochemists and medical doctors interested in the Ocular Surface. This text is divided into four main sections. The first section is dedicated towards the anatomy and physiology of the ocular surface (defining ocular surface concept, tear film structure, corneal and conjunctival anatomy, etc.). The second section covers the most common ocular surface disorders (dry eye, anterior and posterior blepharitis, keratitis, ocular allergy, cicatricial conjunctivitis, and the ocular surface alterations related with Glaucoma treatment). The third section delineates the therapeutic care of these disorders, including topical, systemic and surgical treatment options and the fourth section addresses the relationship of the ocular surface and contact lenswear (describing the indications for contact lenses wear, their complications and managing the adverse effects related with contact lens-wear).

For more than 30 years, the visual cortex has been the source of new theories and ideas about how the brain processes information. The visual cortex is easily accessible through a variety of recording and imagining techniques and allows mapping of high level behavior relatively directly to neural mechanisms. Understanding the computations in the visual cortex is therefore an important step toward a general theory of computational brain theory.

This volume discusses the background and various clinical applications of radiation therapy in the treatment of non-malignant diseases. It documents the radiobiological and physical principles of treatment and the rationale underlying the use of radiotherapy for various disorders of the CNS, head and neck, eye, skin and soft tissues, bone and joints, and vascular system. In so doing, it draws attention to and elucidates the scope for application of radiotherapy beyond the treatment of malignancies. Both the risks and the benefits of such treatment are fully considered, the former ranging from minor clinical problems to life-threatening diseases.

Aimed at students taking a course on visual perception, this textbook considers what it means for a man, a monkey and a computer to perceive the world. After an introduction and a discussion of methods, the book deals with how the environment produces a physical effect, how the resulting "image" is processed by the brain or by computer algorithms in order to produce a perception of "something out there." It also discusses color, form, motion, distance, and also the sensing of three dimensionality, before dealing with visual perception and its role in awareness and consciousness. The book concludes with discussions of perceptual development, blindness, and visual disorders. Visual perception is by its very nature an interdisciplinary subject that requires a basic understanding of a range of topics from diverse fields, and this is a very readable guide to all students whether they come from a neuroscience, psychology, cognitive science, robotics, or philosophy background.

Simplified Facial Rejuvenation is divided into sections that include anatomy and anesthesia, classifications, dermatologic procedures, suture lifts, surgical variations of the face, surgical variations of the eyes, brow, neck, lips, nose ear, and scalp, and medical legal aspects. The book presents multiple variations of suture lift procedures to allow the physician to decide which is best. Unique surgical procedures of the face are presented, many of which are techniques of minimal incision facelift. The book brings together the more popular procedures for patients that include simpler methods of facial rejuvenation with less pain, shorter recovery time, lower cost, and fewer complications.

A comprehensive survey on the use of bedside skills and perimetric devices to the test visual fields, and how to interpret the results. To develop the clinician's interpretative skills, the authors include a chapter on visual anatomy and an atlas of 100 real-life cases arranged in anatomic order from retina to striate cortex. By placing a brief clinical vignette with a visual field on one side of the page and a description of the field and its causal lesion on the opposite side, the reader will be able to learn interpretation in a simulated clinical setting. An additional quiz section of twenty randomly arranged visual fields provides readers with an opportunity to test their newly acquired skills.

Some of the best vision scientists in the world in their respective fields have contributed to chapters in this book. They have expertise in a wide variety of fields, including bioengineering, basic and clinical visual science, medicine, neurophysiology, optometry, and psychology. Their combined efforts have resulted in a high quality book that covers modeling and quantitative analysis of optical, neurosensory, oculomotor, perceptual and clinical systems. It includes only those techniques and models that have such fundamentally strong physiological, control system, and perceptual bases that they will serve as foundations for models and analysis techniques in the future. The book is aimed first towards seniors and beginning graduate students in biomedical engineering, neurophysiology, optometry, and psychology, who will gain a broad understanding of quantitative analysis of the visual system. In addition, it has sufficient depth in each area to be useful as an updated reference and tutorial for graduate and post-doctoral students, as well as general vision scientists.

Many books from symposia describe the current status in well established fields of research, where much is known and where the loose ends are only details in the picture. The topic dealt with here does not fall into this pattern. The study of time as a parameter in its own right is difficult, and the loose ends tend to do minate the present picture. Although the book does provide the reader with an overview of the field, its main value is probably to act as a source of "food for thought" for those interested in the function of sense organs and nervous systems as substrates for behaviour. The Introduction is intended to provide the readers of the book with a short guide to the topiCS discussed in the different chapters. The rather detailed Index may help those looking for information on specific topiCS. The Index also explains most of the abbreviations used in the book. The basic idea of the Danavox symposia is to invite a small group of experts to discuss a rather narrow theme in sound communication. The small number of active par tiCipants has the advantage of encouraging intense dis cussions and of avoiding overloading the program. On the other hand, selecting the partiCipants is difficult."

This book has been written for radiologists, ophthalmologists, neurologists, neurosur geons, plastic surgeons, and others interested in the evaluation of disorders with ophthalmologic signs and symptoms. It is designed to provide recent knowledge in this area derived from ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the past decade, the advent of ultrasonography, computed tomography, and more recently magnetic resonance imaging has provided diagnostic images of the eye, orbit, and brain in a fashion that had been a dream of many prior to the develop ment of these techniques. These newer modes of diagnosis have replaced some previous techniques, such as nuclear medicine imaging and, to some degree, vascular studies and orbitography. There are three sections to this book. The first section is a discussion of the imaging techniques. The second is devoted to the role of these imaging methods in the evaluation of ophthalmic disorders. The last section, dealing with radiotherapy for ophthalmologic tumors, is included because the current imaging techniques are needed for treatment planning. We wish to thank the many people who have assisted us in preparing this manuscript. Among these are many librarians, secretaries, trainees, and photographers. Weare especially indebted to artist Peter Clark for his illustrations and to Mr. Martin Leibo vici, Associate Curator of New York University Medical School and Director of Health Sciences Library of Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York City. Also, we wish to thank our families for their help and patience."

The Vitreous - Structure, Function, and Pathobiology, with a foreword by C.L. Schepens, presents a comprehensive overview of the biochemical composition, molecular organization, morphologic structure, physiology, and metabolism of the vitreous body of the eye. The pathobiology of vitreous and vitreoretinal disorders is discussed within the context of derangements of normal biology and of a shared basic pathobiology. The book examines such developmental and inherited disorders as dominant exudative vitreoretinopathy and Wagner's disease; connective tissue disorders, including Marfan's syndrome and Stickler syndrome; cellular invasion through trauma, inflammation, and neoplasia; vascular invasion through trauma and the role of the vitreous in neovascularization; vitreoretinal traction; and such miscellaneous conditions as myopia, aphakia, retinitis pigmentosa, and asteroid hyalosis, as well as the effects of surgical intervention through vitrectomy, photocoagulation, cryopexy, and intravitreal injections. A novel approach to the effects of diabetes mellitus on the vitreous is offered.Clinicians will be able to use this monograph as a basic science reference manual; researchers will obtain a better understanding of the problems that confront clinicians, which should help them direct their research to the areas relevant to clinical problems that need development.

This volume is a collection of essays which attempts to summarize the recent progress in the field of photoreceptor and retinal physiology. Reflecting the way in which research is organized, each author reports on the studies performed with the techniques with which he is most familiar: morpholo gical, chemical or physiological. The first chapters describe the structure of visual cells and the histological architecture of the retina. Next comes a summary of the laws governing photochemical reactions and a report on the biochemistry of photopigments. Four articles cover the optical properties of invertebrate eyes and the electrophysiology and the interactions of their photoreceptors. These are followed by a discussion of the properties of vertebrate eyes, including chapters on optics, on the electrical responses of rods and cones and on the functional organization of the retina. The final chapter provides an extensive review of retinal biochemistry and metabolism. Even though the experimental approach differs, all studies are directed toward the solution of two basic problems: transduction in the photoreceptors and orga nization (often called "information processing") in the retina. The central problem of photoreceptor cells is to determine how light produces a response. We know that illumination evokes electrical changes and we have recently learned a great deal about the features of these changes. The evidence indicates however that elaborate processes must be interposed between the ab sorption of photons by the pigment and the production of electric currents through the membrane. These intermediary cvents remain to be unraveled."

The purpose of this book is to provide an update both on the present management of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and on clinical and experimental research being done to control this disease. The book is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the current management of PVR. The Retina Society Classification of PVR is based in part on a gradation of severity from minimal to massive; therefore, this book attempts to correlate the management of PVR with its severity. The treatment of PVR of varying degrees of severity, from mild to the most severe form, is described by those authors with extensive experience with this spectrum of cases. Much progress has been made in the management of severe PVR as a result of vitreous injections, vitrectomy, periretinal membrane surgery, and retinal surgery. Authors in this book show that in mild and moderately severe PVR excellent results can be obtained with techniques that are less invasive and possibly less likely to stimulate further abnormal cellular proliferation. The new modalities for treatment of PVR are discussed by authors having extensive experience with them. The current status of pharmacological treatment and new concepts of the pathobiology of PVR are discussed. The second part of the book deals with questions frequently encountered in the management of PVR. These questions are answered by a panel of experts including Gary W. Abrams, Steven T. Charles, William H. Havener, Robert Machemer, Charles L. Schepens, and Walter H. Stern.

In a concise and contemporary new edition, the Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology offers highly practical yet evidence-based guidance on the diagnosis and management of ophthalmic disorders. Incorporating a systematic approach, the authors present common and/or important manifestations of the full spectrum of eye diseases. Included are useful summaries of common signs and symptoms, etiologies, diagnostic testing, and therapeutic regimens, as well as information on pre-, peri-, and post-operative eye care. The Oxford American Handbook should prove useful and relevant to residents and fellows in ophthalmology, as well as medical students, primary care physicians, comprehensive ophthalmologists, and other ophthalmic personnel, all who seek a ready reference for daily clinical practice and review.

Proceedings of the Ninth symposium of the International Research Group on Colour Vision Deficiencies, held at St. John's College, Annapolis, MD, July 1-3, 1987.

Proceedings of the International Symposium at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, May 17-19, 1984

The eye has fascinated scientists from the earliest days of biological in vestigation. The diversity of its parts and the precision of their interaction make it a favorite model system for a variety of developmental studies. The eye is a particularly valuable experimental system not only because its tissues provide examples of fundamental processes, but also because it is a prominent and easily accessible structure at very early embryonic ages. In order to provide an open forum for investigators working on all aspects of ocular development, a series of symposia on ocular and visual devel opment was initiated in 1973. A major objective of the symposia has been to foster communication between the basic research worker and the clinical community. It is our feeling that much can be learned on both sides from this interaction. The idea for an informal meeting allowing maximum ex change of ideas originated with Dr. Leon Candeub, who supplied the nec essary driving force that made the series a reality. Each symposium has concentrated on a different aspect of ocular development. Speakers have been selected to approach related topics from different perspectives."

The European Glaucoma Society was founded in the spring of 1978 at the initiative of Drs Fran ois, Leydhecker and Greve. Representatives of most European countries met in Ghent and agreed to create a society that would promote the contacts and exchange of knowledge between European glauco matologists. The European Glaucoma Society serves to stimulate glaucoma research and diffuse specific knowledge to general ophthalmologists. The European Glaucoma Society would like to cooperate closely with similar glaucoma organizations in other continents. The first symposium of the EGS was held in April 1980 in Brighton, England. No proceedings were published. The second symposium took place in May 1984 in Hyvinkiiii, Finland. A great number of participants enjoyed a well organized scientific programme of attractive quality. The local organization was in the able hands of Raitta and her colleagues, Raivio and Lehto. The scientific programme was coordinated in Amsterdam where a great amount of work was done by Stella Ompi, secretary to the general secretary. The contents of the meeting have been summarized in this book. This second symposium of the EGS, which took place in an atmosphere of great enthusiasm and friendship, has shown great promise for the future of the European glaucoma."

The Seventh International Visual Field Symposium organized by the Interna tional Perimetric Society was held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September 6-10,1986. In many respects it was an exciting and fruitful meeting. The number of participants was greater than ever. The number of papers was too great to accommodate all of them. The quality of the papers reflects the continuously rising interest in perimetry in general and in automated perimetry in particular. Last but not least the social programme was organized in the, by now, almost classical friendly, enjoyable and humouristic style of the International Perimetric Society. This created an atmosphere of openness and free exchange of informa tion whICh was clearly also felt in the scientific sessions. The scientific part was divided in seven sessions with 44 spoken papers and a separate postersession during which the 46 posters were discussed. The major themes of the meeting were 'The influence of media-disturbances on the visual field' and 'Advances in perimetry in glaucoma with special emphasis on pro gression'. The session on 'media' provided interesting information on how the visual field was effected by preretinal filters. The authors either studied the influence of lens or corneal opacities or simulated opacities by special filters placed in front of the eye. In two papers the effect of cataract was qualified by photography or stray light measurements."

The eye has fascinated scientists from the earliest days of biological in vestigation. The diversity of its parts and the precision of their interaction make it a favorite model system for a variety of developmental studies. The eye is a particularly valuable experimental system not only because its tissues provide examples of fundamental processes, but also because it is a prominent and easily accessible structure at very early embryonic ages. In order to provide an open forum for investigators working on all aspects of ocular development, a series of symposia on ocular and visual devel opment was initiated in 1973. A major objective of the symposia has been to foster communication between the basic research worker and the clinical community. It is our feeling that much can be learned on both sides from this interaction. The idea for an informal meeting allowing maximum ex change of ideas originated with Dr. Leon Candeub, who supplied the nec essary driving force that made the series a reality. Each symposium has concentrated on a different aspect of ocular development. Speakers have been selected to approach related topics from different perspectives."

The surgical correction of refractive vision errors has dramatically and continually changed over time. The evolution of laser vision correction has been aided by advancements in the technology, growing experience, and improved understanding of the eye and its response to surgery. However, not all refractive errors can be treated with the laser. Phakic IOLs: State of the Art is designed to provide the advances in phakic IOL technology and techniques, ideal for physicians who treat many of the patients who are not candidates for laser vision correction. The collaboration of Dr. Lucio Buratto, Dr. Stephen G. Slade, and Dr. Nicola D. Hauranieh, along with a team of international surgeons, has produced a complete book specifically aimed to improve the treatment and therefore the quality of vision of patients. Phakic IOLs: State of the Art is designed for ophthalmologists interested in learning the concepts, developing the skills, and preparing for phakic IOL procedures. This book contains a detailed description of the basic technique of the operations, as well as the special techniques devised by the international contributors. Richly illustrated with over 200 images that demonstrate the various concepts, readers are able to develop a more thorough understanding of phakic IOL implantation. This definitive resource couples both the authors’ and contributors’ diverse experience and knowledge to produce a complete resource of vision correction with phakic IOLs. Expert ophthalmologists interested in being on the cutting edge and enhancing their surgical skills, as well as new physicians, will benefit from adding Phakic IOLs: State of the Art to their personal library.

Advances in the study and understanding of myasthenia gravis have led to the need for the publication of this important new edition. The goal of Myasthenia Gravis and Related Disorders, Second Edition is identical to the first -- to provide the clinician and the scientist with a common resource for understanding this complex disorder. This new edition begins with discussions of neuromuscular junction structure and function and follows with updated chapters covering a wide range of topics, such as the acetylcholine receptor, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment. Importantly, new supplemental chapters have been added; these discuss rigorous clinical assessments of patients for research trials and the epidemiology and genetics of myasthenia gravis. The discussion of the most challenging aspects of myasthenia gravis, its impact on patients psychological make-up, has been expanded as well. Myasthenia Gravis and Related Disorders, Second Edition retains the personal approach of the authors regarding treatment and is a valuable resource for meeting the many and varied needs of patients with myasthenia gravis."

"Essentials in Ophthalmology" is a new review series covering all of ophthalmology categorized in eight subspecialties. It will be published quarterly, thus each subspecialty will be reviewed biannually.
Given the multiplicity of medical publications already available, why is a new series needed? Consider that the half-life of medical knowledge is estimated to be around 5 years. Moreover, it can be as long as 8 years between the first description of a medical innovation in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and publication in a medical textbook. A series that narrows this time span between journal and textbook would provide a more rapid and efficient transfer of medical knowledge into clinical practice, and enhance care of our patients.

Series:

Highly practical and clinically relevant

Ophthalmology series is indispensable for continuous education and advanced training

All editors with international reputation and contributing authors with expertise in their topics

Reader-friendly format: Well-structured text and design, quick and easy to read

Richly illustrated with numerous tables and color photos

Bridges the gap between primary literature and daily practice

Every 2nd year each subject is refreshed with timely information about the new development in the specialized field

This volume:

Appeals not only to Ophthalmologists, but also to Pediatricians

Gives quick and practical introduction to the most up-to date treatment options in pediatric ophthalmology

Only addresses new developments of the past 2 years

Covers 3 main topics: Genetics, Pediatrics and Neurophthalmology, while competing titles focus on one of these subspecialties

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