If you have been diagnosed with cataracts or are concerned you may have them, get detailed and understandable answers to your questions with Cataracts: A Patient's Guide to Treatment, Third Edition, newly updated to include the latest information on rapidly-evolving cataract surgical and lens implant technologies. Even though cataract surgery is performed several million times a year, it is common for patients to have questions, concerns, and misconceptions when it comes to the surgery. This useful resource covers the most commonly-asked questions with clear, understandable explanations. Two foremost cataract experts walk readers through the procedure and explain why cataracts form, how they are diagnosed, how they are treated, and what other eye conditions may affect cataract surgery, all in a way that is easily understandable for patients and their families. Easy-to-read and brief in length, it nonetheless provides comprehensive information on patient-specific issues that affect cataract surgery success and outcomes. It serves as an excellent supplement to information and advice obtained from the patient's own eye doctor. A few of the questions answered inside Cataracts: A Patient's Guide, Third Edition are: How are cataracts diagnosed? How do I know if I should have cataract surgery? What kind of anaesthesia is used during surgery? Which of the intraocular lens implant options should I consider? What is the role of lasers in cataract surgery? What is the recovery like after surgery? Will I still need glasses or contacts after surgery? Can I have surgery if I have glaucoma or other eye conditions? After reading this book, you will be able to make a well-informed decision about cataract surgery and will understand much more about the range of artificial lens implant options that can get you seeing clearly again.

This second edition is the result of a collaborative effort of ophthalmic pathologists from 11 countries and is more extensive and detailed than its predecessor published in 1980. Several new tumour entities have been added, while the list of histological variants has been expanded and examples of immunoreactivity included. The publication of the revised eye and adnexal tumour classification is accompanied by 112 photomicrographs.

We make 3-5 eye movements per second, and these movements are crucial in helping us deal with the vast amounts of information we encounter in our everyday lives. In recent years, thanks to the development of eye tracking technology, there has been a growing interest in monitoring and measuring these movements, with a view to understanding how we attend to and process the visual information we encounter Eye tracking as a research tool is now more accessible than ever, and is growing in popularity amongst researchers from a whole host of different disciplines. Usability analysts, sports scientists, cognitive psychologists, reading researchers, psycholinguists, neurophysiologists, electrical engineers, and others, all have a vested interest in eye tracking for different reasons. The ability to record eye-movements has helped advance our science and led to technological innovations. However, the growth of eye tracking in recent years has also presented a variety of challenges - in particular the issue of how to design an eye-tracking experiment, and how to analyse the data. This book is a much needed comprehensive handbook of eye tracking methodology. It describes how to evaluate and acquire an eye-tracker, how to plan and design an eye tracking study, and how to record and analyse eye-movement data. Besides technical details and theory, the heart of this book revolves around practicality - how raw data samples are converted into fixations and saccades using event detection algorithms, how the different representations of eye movement data are calculated using AOIs, heat maps and scanpaths, and how all the measures of eye movements relate to these processes. Part I presents the technology and skills needed to perform high-quality research with eye-trackers. Part II covers the predominant methods applied to the data which eye-trackers record. These include the parsing of raw sample data into oculomotor events, and how to calculate other representations of eye movements such as heat maps and transition matrices. Part III gives a comprehensive outline of the measures which can be calculated using the events and representations described in Part II. This is a taxonomy of the measures available to eye-tracking researchers, sorted by type of movement of the eyes and type of analysis. For anyone in the sciences considering conducting research involving eye-tracking, this book will be an essential reference work.

This is a self-assessment book for candidates for postgraduate examina tions in ophthalmology. It covers all of the sciences fundamental to o phthalmology: anatomy (60 multiple choice questions), physiology (93 m ultiple choice questions), pharmacology (36), pathology (33), and micr obiology (42). Questions are grouped according to specialty area, foll owed by True/False Answers that are all supported with concise explana tions. The book can therefore be used for learning as well as practice . The book's most innovative feature is the set of 21 constructed essa y plans, covering the major topics of concern in this field. It is not oriously difficult to provide model answers to essay questions, but he re the authors have developed a new, highly visual approach with the c onsistent use of icons, to provide an at-a-glance understanding.

This second edition of Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide for Occupational Therapists provides current, evidence-based information on low vision rehabilitation that contains several new and expanded chapters on ADLs, IADLs, and recreation, as well as new online resources and the latest in accessibility devices. Low vision rehabilitation is rapidly growing as a specialty practice for occupational therapists. This growth requires practical, evidence-based information on the evaluation and treatment of the effects of low vision on occupational performance. Responding to this need, Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide for Occupational Therapists, Second Edition blends standards of practice that have been developed for over 50 years by low vision therapists and optometrists, with the latest scientific research and the unique perspective of occupational therapists. This text presents a new standard of low vision rehabilitation in which occupational therapists practice as part of a team of vision rehabilitation professionals serving patients with low vision. Authors Stephen Whittaker, a low vision researcher, certified low vision therapist and occupational therapist, Mitchell Scheiman, an optometrist and researcher, and Debra Sokol-McKay, an occupational therapist with specialty certification in low vision as well as certification as a low vision therapist, vision rehabilitation therapist and diabetes educator, have carefully selected evidence-based evaluations and treatments that focus on clinical practicality and meaningful occupational goals in all patients from children to older adults. New to the Second Edition: A focus on occupational performance using "whatever works," whether visual, non-visual, or a combination of these different devices and adaptive techniques The "EPIC" Framework, a general strategy to organize a treatment plan for daily activities using visual and non-visual techniques Access to a companion website designed as a handy clinical reference, with solutions to clinical problems easily searchable and cross-linked to related content The "Success-Oriented Approach" to interventions based on the most recent research on cognitive disability and depression associated with low vision Applications of the latest electronic accessibility devices including smartphones, tablets, and magnifiers that read aloud Incorporates the AADE (TM) 7 Self-Care Behavior framework of the American Association of Diabetes Educators Incorporates concepts from the latest edition of the AOTA Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process Instructors in educational settings can visit www.efacultylounge.com for additional materials to be used for teaching in the classroom. Features Included: Recommended practical evaluation and treatment methods such as a 1 hour evaluation protocol, how to write observable and measurable goals and document outcomes, and specific instructions on how to implement treatments Prepares therapists for the ACVREP certification as a low vision therapist or vision rehabilitation or AOTA specialty certification in low vision Emphasizes intervention and low vision rehabilitation treatment including: modification of the environment adaptive visual and non-visual techniques selection and use of non-optical assistive devices selection and use of electronic and optical devices and use of computer technology including smartphones and tablets Comprehensive case studies on vision impairment resulting from eye disease to head injury and more Provides valuable information on how to start an independent practice in low vision rehabilitation Includes a chapter on diabetes management Low Vision Rehabilitation: A Practical Guide for Occupational Therapists, Second Edition employs an interdisciplinary perspective that is unique, practical, and credible and will benefit Occupational Therapy and Occupational Therapy Assistant students, as well as practicing clinicians interested in specializing in low vision or other health care practitioners for patients with vision impairment.

Are you a medical student, resident, or fellow trying to absorb as much information on the basics of retina surgery as efficiently as possible? Are you a general ophthalmologist who needs a quick refresher on a complex procedure? Reach into your lab coat pocket and pull out The Pocket Guide to Vitreoretinal Surgery, for easy access to the essential information you need right now. Dr. Jason Crosson and colleagues have designed this book as the ultimate quick-read manual on retina surgery, using a conversational tone that allows readers to retain information in the most effective manner. Medical students, residents, and fellows will be delighted to use this accessible, high-yield handbook during their rotations to familiarize themselves with the "nuts and bolts" of retina surgery, while general ophthalmologists will be glad to have it as a quick reference guide to current best practices. Each chapter in The Pocket Guide to Vitreoretinal Surgery is arranged in short, easy to read sections, and is accompanied by numerous color photographs to aid in recognition and retention.

Examines psychological factors and their influence on the rehabilitative processes for visually impaired and blind people. Drawing on examples from a range of sensory and physical disabilities, this book emphasizes the importance of treating people individually, based on consideration of their psychological strengths and weaknesses as well as physical functioning.;Written for workers with visually impaired people, this book is equally accessible to students and qualified workers, including rehabilitation workers, O & M specialists, occupational therapists, social workers and psychologists. Students and workers should find the language easy to understand and largely non-technical. Where specialized terminology is used, it is illustrated with concrete examples. Of special relevance is a chapter examining "burn-out", which accounts for unnecessary losses of talented and conscientious workers. Dodds offers ways in which workers can recognize signs of burn-out, as well as suggestions for dealing with it.

Here's the best single-source guide to the basic science and clinical skills needed by ophthalmic medical personnel! Designed for both on-the-job and classroom training, this multi-faceted, new text is packed with all of the information needed to build afoundation in basic ophthalmic sciences, neuroanatomy, and optics. Plus, step-by-step guidelines give readers hands-on exposure to the full range of skills needed in practice - from the basics, such as history taking and visual assessment, to the most advanced such as ophthalmic photography and surgical assisting. Concise coverage of pathology helps readers recognize and understand the eye disorders and eye diseases they face in practice.In-depth discussions and a full range of practical examples make concepts easy to grasp Learning objectives help readers to understand and master the basic skills, while easy-to-follow guidelines and over 750 illustrations - 42 in full color - make the full range of technical skills immediately practice applicableA full color Pathology Insert provides the visual guidelines necessary for accurate assessment of the eye disorders and diseases readers encounter in practice Appendix A - a Mathematics Reference - and the exercises and practice problems in Appendix B promote a full understanding and proficiency in the ophthalmic calculations needed in practice

Obwohl die medikament|se Therapie am Auge ein t{gliches Problem in der Augenheilkunde ist, findet sie nicht h{ufig genug kritische und nach neuen L|sungen suchende Betrachtung. Aus diesem Grunde wurden aktuelle Aspekte zur "Pharmakotherapie am Auge" in folgenden Bereichen dargestellt: 1. Glaukom 2. Trockenes Auge 3. Antiproliferative Therapie bei proliferativen Vitreoretinopathien 4. Antibiotikatherapie Neben der pharmakologischen Therapie sind zus{tzlich diagnostische und pathogenetische ]berlegungen einbezogen, umdie ]berlegungen zum Beginn oder zur [nderung einer Therapie sowie zur Auswahl eines Therapeutikums darzustellen.

Problemorientiertes Lernen hei t am Patienten lernen; es hei t, individuelle Patientensituationen in ihren diagnostischen und therapeutischen Anspr chen gemeinsam zu diskutieren und darauf aufbauend zeitgem e Konzepte des Patientenmanagements zu entwickeln. Der vorliegende Symposiumsband wendet dieses Prinzip auf die moderne Glaukomatologie an. Eine Reihe von nicht allt glichen Glaukompatienten wird vorgestellt und die Patientenf hrung berzeugend erl utert.

Practical Guide to VIVA and OSCE in Ophthalmology Examinations is an essential study guide presented in a direct, exam-style question-and-answer format. It combines detailed explanations with high quality clinical photographs tailor-made to help readers ace specialist oral examinations (MMed, MRCS, FRCS, FRCOphth, FAMS, FRANZCO).Co-authored by ophthalmology trainees who took the final MMed and FRCOphth (Oral) in 2016 and 2017, this is a book written by trainees, for trainees, with prominent author contribution by Prof Wong Tien Yin. This book provides invaluable guidance to readers in presenting their answers in a logical, succinct and elegant manner.Practical Guide to VIVA and OSCE in Ophthalmology Examinations aims to complement the book titled The Ophthalmology Examinations Review by Prof Tien Yin Wong to guide candidates onto the path of success in examinations. This book illustrates the answering techniques employed during examinations, utilizing clinical photographs accompanied by a full template answer script of various high yield conditions. The style and format has been intentionally designed to simulate examination conditions and to provide candidates with ample practice in preparation for the examination.Most major ophthalmic degrees require trainees to take and pass an oral ophthalmic exam. This book fills a significant void in the market for ophthalmic training, where texts combining clinical photos and actual exam answering techniques are severely lacking. Readers will be able to follow the answering techniques and examples provided within the book so as to better cope with the clinical exams.

Advances in the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in uveitis and uveoretinitis led to the introduction of various new therapeuticmodalities for these diseases, thus raising the need for a comprehensive and reproducible standard scoring system. This monograph is the end result of extensive studies and presents a universal grading system that reflects both intraocular inflammatory activity and visual acuity and can beused as a standard means of classification throughout the world.

Neuro-ophthalmology, like in any field of medicine, has many areas where controversy exists in diagnosis and treatment. Controversies in Neuro-Ophthalmology provides a comprehensive overview on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of neuro-ophthalmic disorders and specifically addresses areas where there is a general lack of consensus amongst practitioners. Each chapter opens with a case to illustrate a pertinent controversy and then poses a clinical question. The issue is then discussed by world leading experts to provide a balanced viewpoint. Designed to foster vigorous debate among colleagues, this book is essential reading for neuro-ophthalmologists, ophthalmologists, and neurologists.

Emergency ophthalmology is an area full of pitfalls for the unwary primary care practitioner. Vitreoretinal disorders make up the majority of emergency sight-threatening conditions, and a wide and increasingly varied range of conditions of the eye present in primary care settings. Correct diagnosis at initial presentation, and appropriate and speedy referral, are extremely important. This book is therefore an essential reference for the primary care physician, who is often the first to see these patients and is in a position of responsibility for decision-making.

Whilst this book is primarily compiled for nurses who care for patients with eye disease, it will be useful to other health professionals who are also interested in the holistic ca re of such patients, e.g. opticians, orthop tists, social workers and junior medical staff. The care is presented as a systematic approach to the more common actual and potential problems. Typically, a problem is identified with a desired outcome and the nursing interventions possible to achieve this. Evaluation has not been included as this is dependent on an identified time limit for outcomes to be achieved which is individual to each patient. Part One covers the general aspects of ophthalmie care in the various situations where patients are nursed, e.g. casualty, theatre, wards. Part Two is based on a medical model, where each section of the eye is studied separately; the applied physiology of that part of the eye; the more common conditions affecting it; the possible medical management of the condition and the nursing care of the patient taking into account the medical prescription. The list of medical conditions is not exhaus tive, and only a general guideline of medical management is given as far as it influences nursing care. A list of widely available books for further reference to ocular pathology and medical management is given in the Appendix.

The visual system must extract from the light that falls on the retina meaningful information about what is where in our environment. At an early stage it analyzes the incoming sensory data along many dimensions of pattern vision, e.g. spatial frequency, orientation, velocity, eye-of-origin. Visual Pattern Analyzers provides a definitive account of current knowledge about this stage of visual processing. Nowhere else can such a comprehensive summarty of the lower level pattern analyzers be found. The book's emphasis is on psychophysical experiments measuring the detection and identification of near-threshold patterns -- and the mathematical models, such as multidimensional signal-detection theory, used to draw inferences from such experimental results -- but neurophysiological evidence is presented and compared critically to the psychophysical evidence. Introductory material on psychophysical methods, signal detection theory, and the mathematics of Fourier analysis is given in order to make the book more accessible to all who are interested in the lower or higher levels of visual perception. This volume will be of great value to researchers and graduate students in the fields of vision and perception. Within the scientific community there is wide interest in the visual system, and the book will be of use to investigators in many fields, including psychophysics, neuroscience, ophthalmology and optics, computer science, and cognitive and experimental psychology.

This series of multiple choice questions is based on the textbook Common Eye Diseases And Their Management (1985), also from Springer-Verlag. The questions have been grouped to fit in with the chapter headings in the latter. Many of the questions are supported by expanded answers but further information should be sought in the textbook. The format of the questions has been arranged so that the number of true or false answers varies and we have taken pains to eliminate the ambiguities which tend to creep into multiple choice question papers. In compiling these questions, we have attempted to incorporate a number of key facts and it will be seen that these have occasionally been repeated for emphasis. A surprisingly large amount of information is contained in questions and answers, and simply reading through both can be a useful learning experience in itself. The questions have been aimed at the medical student level but it is hoped that they may be of some value to general practitioners outside ophthalmology and perhaps also to postgraduates. The computerised Kuder-Richardson reliability index, which measures the consistency of a student's perform ance, has shown these questions to be reliable in assessing a students' knowledge. A sample of these questions has been tested in another medical school and we understand that students' marks there equate well with the results from essay questions."

This manual is written to assist the student of optics or the ophthalmology resi dent in reviewing optics. It is particularly suitable as an optics Board review. However, it was not intended to accomplish the far greater task of encompassing the entire field of geometric optics or even of teaching all that the ophthalmologist needs to know of visual optics or refraction. This manual represents the distillation of lecture notes for an optics Board-review course given at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear InfIrmary, Harvard Medical School, for the last seven years. This optics lecture series, which has also been given at Boston University and at the University of Southern California, has traditionally taken place over a week, with three two hour sessions. Obviously, this six-hour lecture series could not possibly cover the entire field of optics for clinicians. This optics Board-review lecture series has customarily involved a few problems at the end of each lecture which then provided a basis for a review that was given at the beginning of the next lecture. These problems have always proven a useful means of self-testing as well as practice for becoming more comfortable and facile with the concepts involved. The problems have not been taken from the American Board of Ophthalmology test materials, either written or oral. However, they incorporate many of the concepts and computational manipulations which are frequently tested on the ophthalmology boards."

Ophthalmic Nursing provides an overview for those just setting out in a role within ophthalmic nursing. It includes basic and comprehensible anatomy and physiology – the foundations for understanding how the eye functions and why and how problems occur – and relates them to the care and needs of the patient.

This accessible text includes evidence-based procedure guidelines and the inclusion of reflective activities in most chapters allows readers to apply their knowledge to the realities of the care setting. Also covered are the most recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration.

Since the publication of the fourth edition, there have been many advances in the care and management of the ophthalmic patient. The authors have updated the chapters accordingly and included new colour images and diagrams. References, further reading and websites have also been updated to reflect current trends. A valuable resource for nurses in practice and training, this book continues to be the ‘go-to’ source for those caring for the ophthalmic patient.

Table of Contents

The Ophthalmic Patient

Introduction

Registration for the Sight-Impaired or Severely Sight-Impaired

Severely Sight Impaired

Sight Impaired

Assistance and Rehabilitation

Voluntary Organisations

The Ophthalmic Nurse

Introduction

Assessment of Patients

Patient Information and Teaching

Professional Issues

The Nurse in the Outpatient Department

The Nurse in the Accident and Emergency Department

The Day Case and Ward Nurse

The Nurse in the Theatre

Ophthalmic Nursing Procedures and Investigations

General Principles

Recording Visual Acuity

General Considerations When Performing Visual Acuity

Ophthalmic Procedures Utilising Antt Principles

Principles and Protocol for Ophthalmic Medication Instillation/Application

Clinical Practice Guidelines

Ocular History Taking and Slit-Lamp Examination

Ocular History Taking

Slit-Lamp Examination

Goldmann Applanation Tonometry

Examining the Eye

Removing a Conjunctival or Corneal Foreign Body

Removing a Corneal Rust Ring

Testing for Tear Film Break-Up Rime: Assessing the Quality of Tears

Irrigating the Eye

The Globe: A Brief Overview

Introduction

Nerve Supply to the Eye

Blood Supply to the Eye

The Protective Structures, Including Removal of an Eye

The Orbit

The Eyelids

Conditions of the Orbit

Removal of an Eye

Patient’s Needs

The Lacrimal System and Tear Film

Introduction

Lacrimal Gland

Lacrimal Drainage System

Tear Film

Conditions of the Lacrimal System

The Conjunctiva and Sclera

The Conjunctiva

Conditions of the Conjunctiva

The Sclera

Conditions Affecting the Sclera

The Cornea

Introduction

Measurements

Five Layers of the Cornea

Function of the Cornea

Physiology of Corneal Symptoms

Conditions of the Cornea

Eye Donors

Human Amniotic Membrane Transplantation

Osteo-Odonto-Keraprosthesis Surgery

Corneal Topography

Astigmatic Keratotomy

Pachymetry and Specular Photomicroscopy

Management of Corneal Pain

The Uveal Tract

Introduction

The Choroid

The Ciliary Body

The Iris

Conditions of the Uveal Tract

Glaucoma

Introduction

Methods of Measuring Intraocular Pressure

Anatomy and Physiology

Related Disorders – Glaucoma

The Crystalline Lens

Introduction

Cataract

Complications of Cataract Extraction

Cataract Operations

Aphakia

Dislocated Lens

The Retina, Optic Nerve and Vitreous Humour

The Retina

Optic Nerve

The Vitreous Humour

Colour Vision

Rhodopsin

Conditions of the Retina

Retinal Haemorrhage

Retinopathies

Retinal Tumour: Retinoblastoma

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxocariasis

Conditions of the Macula

Central Serous Retinopathy

Cystoid Macular Oedema/Degeneration

Conditions of the Optic Nerve

Retrobulbar Neuritis

Optic Nerve Atrophy

Conditions of the Vitreous Humour

Posterior Vitreous Detachment

The Extraocular Muscles

Introduction

Eye Movements

Strabismus or Squint

Paralytic Squint

Ophthalmic Trauma

Introduction

Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Disease

Diabetes Mellitus

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Thyroid Disease

Hypertension

Giant Cell Arteritis

Herpes Simplex Virus

Herpes Zoster Virus

Tuberculosis

Sarcoid

Behçet’s Disease

Syphilis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxocara

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Still’s Disease

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease

Neurofibromatosis

Migraine

Ophthalmic Drugs

Mydriatics

Notes on Mydriatics

Miotics

Drugs of Choice Used in the Treatment of Glaucoma

Antibiotics

Antiviral Agents

Corticosteroids

Local Anaesthetics

Diagnostic Drops

Tear Replacement

Miscellaneous

General Note

Appendix 1: Correction of Refractive Errors

Appendix 2: Contact Lenses

Appendix 3: Competency Assessment Tools

Appendix 4: Competency Frameworks

Physicians of all disciplines know (or quickly learn the hard way) that effective and compassionate communication is arguably the single most important determinant of patient satisfaction. For cataract surgeons, the words said before, after, and even during the operation are often more important to the patient's happiness than the objective quality of the surgical result. What I Say: Conversations that Improve the Physician-Patient Relationship is designed to help cataract surgeons to hone their verbal interactions to be as sharp as their surgical skills. Muddled, clumsy, or impromptu explanations diminish the doctor-patient relationship and could prevent patients from receiving the surgery they need or appreciating the results they get. Knowing in advance which words to use in difficult situations is analogous to knowing how to manage a complication before it occurs. The results are inevitably better when a physician has considered every possible outcome instead of attempting to come up with exactly the right solution on the spot. Rather than figure out the right words by trial and error, however, What I Say has recommendations on exactly what to say to build strong and trusting patient relationships. Drs. Robert Osher and Jack Parker have compiled conversational scripts from Dr. Osher's 40-year career in ophthalmology, as well as contributions from over a dozen international mavens of bedside manner into a strategy guide through even the most difficult patient conversations that inevitably surround cataract surgery. Topics include: Lowering Expectations for Spectacle-Free Vision The Torn Posterior Capsule Postoperative Refractive Surprise The Dropped Nucleus The Unhappy Patient Despite a Good Result Containing examples of conversations with cataract surgery patients where informing and reassuring take top priority, What I Say: Conversations that Improve the Physician-Patient Relationship was created to aid cataract surgeons in their pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative interactions with patients. With the advice contained inside, surgeons will be able to motivate patients, calibrate expectations, and diffuse frustrations in every possible scenario.

After a compound and its various effects - or, as the case may be, any particular one of these - have been discovered there is still a long way ahead until it is available for use in daily practice as a finished product. Before reaching the doctor, the substance is examined by chemists, pharmacologists and pharmacists - just to mention a few of the most important stages in a whole research sequence. Before the drug is finally made available on the market, the findings resulting from animal experiments must be confirmed in clinical studies. The expectations involved in its development must be met, and sufficient evidence has to be established as to the drug's effects and side effects, indications and contraindications, and the questions of safe use and appropriate dosage. Only then may the drug be registered and introduced to the market. In this respect Metipranolol eye drops, which have recently been launched on the market, formed no exception and had likewise to go through all these various stages. A series of investigators at many different centers participated in this procedure, and at the invitation of the manufacturers, Messrs. Dr. Gerhard Mann, they assembled for discussions at a symposium held in Berlin in January 1983, and reported on the substance and their experiences with it.

The second Committee Meeting of the Glaucoma Society of the International Congress of Ophthalmology was held in Carmel Valley ICalifornia from October 22-27, 1982. Traditionally this meeting was closed and preceded the International Congress of Ophthalmology in San Francisco. A group of roughly 80 experts on glaucoma - active members of the committee and invited guests - exchanged latest scientific experiences on the progress in pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of the glaucomas. The aim ofthe meeting was to provide quite informal presentations grouped around main topics and ample, lively discussions. The scientific and local organization was in the hands of Jack Hetherington Jr.lSan Francisco and Stephen M. Drance/Vancouver. It is the sincere wish of the society to express warmest thanks to Valerie Hetherington who took in a most charming and efficient way much of the burden of the local organization. The idea of pre-circulation of all scientific presentations 2-3 months before the meeting to all participants and guests proved to be effective with respect to fruitful and stimulating discussions at the site of the meeting. We thank all participants for their co-operation in sending their manuscripts in time. The society is indebted to Chibret Int. Pharmaceutical Company for generous support of this publication.

Corneal refractive surgeons are likely already familiar with the theory behind small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and the excellent postoperative outcomes it can achieve, but they were left without a thorough and comprehensive guide to performing the procedure, until now. The Surgeon's Guide to SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction is designed to provide surgeons who are interested in starting or are already performing SMILE with a detailed description of the preoperative assessment, surgical technique, and postoperative management of SMILE treatments. This book by Professor Dan Z. Reinstein, Mr. Timothy J. Archer, and Dr. Glenn I. Carp is designed as a surgical video-fellowship, focusing on the granular details of every aspect of patient preparation and management with special attention to how to perform a perfect routine SMILE procedure. The protocols and methods are sourced in both the published scientific evidence and the extensive experience and expertise of the authors. It also includes tips and tricks of how to manage the full range of possible scenarios and complications that can occur during and after a SMILE surgery. Each process described in the book is accompanied by at least one, and in many cases numerous, narrated video examples. Bonus! This dynamic learning tool is supplemented by the SMILE video library containing over 16 hours of surgical videos and tutorials. The succinct and demonstrative style of The Surgeon's Guide to SMILE: Small Incision Lenticule Extraction will help novice and experienced SMILE surgeons alike learn important techniques and improve their outcomes.

Basic refraction is a foundational part of ophthalmology, and yet beginning ophthalmology residents and ophthalmic technicians are often left on their own to learn the finer points. Despite being core skills, the techniques and practical aspects of subjective refraction and prescribing glasses are often developed by trial and error, if they are developed at all. Subjective Refraction and Prescribing Glasses: The Number One (or Number Two) Guide to Practical Techniques and Principles, Third Edition is designed as a complete guide to those essential skills, offering everything from basic terminology to tips, tricks, and best practices. This updated Third Edition has been expanded in every section with thoughtful, practical advice, and has case scenarios, in a question and answer format, of situations encountered with real-world patients. It is the most comprehensive review of clinical subjective refraction to date. Drs. Richard Kolker and Andrew Kolker together have nearly 50 years of experience in the practice of ophthalmology and bring both the fresh eyes of a beginning ophthalmologist and the experience of a seasoned veteran to this Third Edition. While new residents and technicians will appreciate the thorough explanation of refractive fundamentals, even expert ophthalmologists will appreciate the practical tips that may have never occurred to them. Included are: Very clear, easy-to-read, practical explanations of the subjective refraction process Basic practical optics to explain the steps of subjective refraction The Jackson Cross Cylinder made easy to understand and use Plus and mInus cylinder methods discussed separately and color coded for quick identification An Appendix with a primer on retinoscopy and how to use the manual lensometer The art of subjective refraction and prescribing glasses Subjective Refraction and Prescribing Glasses: The Number One (or Number Two) Guide to Practical Techniques and Principles, Third Edition is the definitive guide to the often neglected skills involved in clinical subjective refraction. Residents and technicians will find it a critical guide in their learning process, but even seasoned ophthalmologists can benefit from the tips and tricks enclosed within.