Rheumatoid arthritis is a common disease, an estimated 1. 5% of the population being under medical treatment for it in European countries and elsewhere. However, to date the origin of this chronic inflammatory disorder has not been elucidated. Evidence for the involvement of microbial agents is still tenuous, the rea- son for the defective control of inflammation is still unknown, and the disease all too of- ten progresses to crippling stages despite long-term treatment. As T. McKeown recently stated with regard to rheumatoid arthritis, "not enough is even known to indicate which is the more promising approach, and the pru- dent course is to investigate both origins and mechanisms". While working on animal model diseases as well as on aspects of rheumatoid arthritis and related disorders in man, the members of the Special Research Area on patho- physiology of rheumatoid inflammation in man and. animals (Sonderforschungsbereich 54 "Pa- thomechanismen der rheumatoiden Entztindung bei Mensch und Tier"; maintained by the Deut- sche Forschungsgemeinschaft) at the Veterinary and Medical Schools, Hannover, have been guided by the concept that by studying clinically and morphologically similar diseases in several species, mutually stimulating results might lead to improved knowledge of the pathophysio- logy of rheumatoid arthritis. In particular, from working with model diseases in animals new approaches to the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis might be derived, while detailed knowledge of pathogenetic processes in rheu- matoid arthritis could further research in chronic stages of pertinent animal diseases.

Pravention lasst sich am besten mit vorausschauender Problemvermeidung ubersetzen. Seit der Ottawa-Charta der Weltgesundheitsorganisation gelten Pravention und Gesundheitsforderung als die geeignetsten Instrumente, dem Kostenanstieg im Gesundheitswesen durch Vermeidung des Sozialversicherungsfalls entgegenzuwirken; mit andern Worten: durch Vermeidung von Bedarf an Behandlung, Rehabilitation und Pflege. Die lange politische Missachtung des Praventionsansatzes und seine kaum mehr nennenswerte offentliche Forderung haben zu einer volligen Unterentwicklung hierzulande beigetragen. Der 1. Nationale Praventionskongress will einen Neuanfang in Sachen Pravention und Gesundheitsforderung, und er will in diesem Zusammenhang eine zukunftig starkere Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis anstossen."

Selected as a Doody's Core Title for 2022! This new edition of Travell, Simons & Simons' groundbreaking work reflects the latest research and best practices associated with trigger points and updates the iconic pain point images that set the standard in the field. New lead editor Joseph M. Donnelly draws on his experience as both educator and physical therapy practitioner to integrate an evidence-based approach into this critical text. In addition, the new edition consolidates information to create a more intuitive user experience and features a completely new full color design to bring concepts to life. NEW! Consolidated: The previous edition's two volumes- Upper Extremities and Lower Extremities-have been consolidated into one accessible book. NEW! Updated research from around the world and coverage of the most current evidence-based treatments prepare readers for practice. UPDATED! More integrated presentation. Information on pain is now better integrated with information on pain treatment. UPDATED! In-text learning aids integrated throughout the text, including learning objectives, case studies, and Q&As, help students master the material and apply it to practice. eBook available for purchase. Fast, smart, and convenient, today's eBooks can transform learning. These interactive, fully searchable tools offer 24/7 access on multiple devices, the ability to highlight and share notes, and more

The increasing frequency of coronary diseases, the still insufficient results of prevention have brought physicians to try to reduce as much as possible the con sequences of ischaemic heart disease. Coronary units and new treatments have some what reduced the dramatic complications of the acute phase; but after the latter, evil effects of the disease remain at the physiological, psychological and social level. It is the aim of rehabi itation to analyze these problems, to reduce them or to solve them whenever possible. When this conception of "complete coronary care" took the lead, the necon ditioning effects of heart disease and of immobilization on physical conditi ons were emphasized: physical training programmes were prepared and their main lines and physiological effects are now fairly well known. But it was soon obvious that the psychological problems raised by the patient and his environment 'are equally important. Their approach is however much more difficult and their treatment particularly complex. So, the Council on Rehabilitation of the International Society of Cardiology is really grateful to Professor Dr. HALHUBER and Dr. Dr. STOCKSMEIER for giving the opportunity to specialists to discuss together this particular aspect of coronary disease. The discussions have been devoted to the methods of approaching the patient as well as to the therapeutic aspects and the role of psychologists in the rehabilitation programmes: some papers have been devoted also to the possible role of the personality as a risk factor in the development of the disease."

Pediatric Stroke Rehabilitation: An Interprofessional and Collaborative Approach is a groundbreaking text designed to enhance the practice of all health care providers, enrich discussion, and emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of managing best outcomes for a child who has had a stroke. Evidence-based practice is threaded throughout the text with an emphasis on recovery vs. compensation, goal achievement, and outcome measurement. In conjunction with the interdisciplinary contributions from a wide variety of health care professionals, Drs. Heather Atkinson, Kim Nixon-Cave, and Sabrina E. Smith aim to provide the necessary tools to effectively treat children with stroke. The first section reviews the medical fundamentals, covering all major types of strokes. The second section of Pediatric Stroke Rehabilitation focuses on the core of the matter, rehabilitation. The final section expands the understanding of the child's recovery to the family, community, and school environment. Select chapters include: Personal vignettes written by family members of children who have had a stroke that provides insight into the impact a stroke can have on the child and family A family focus box to summarize the main points of the chapter to provide the best tools for caregivers to advocate for their child A case study related to the content and family perspective Pediatric Stroke Rehabilitation also utilizes the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework throughout. Instructors in educational settings can visit www.efacultylounge.com for additional materials to be used in the classroom. Pediatric Stroke Rehabilitation: An Interprofessional and Collaborative Approach is an interdisciplinary and invaluable resource for students and clinicians to understand and apply effective evidence-based practice and treatment approaches for childhood stroke. The text will also be of interest to healthcare professionals, specifically physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists, physicians, neuropsychologists, nurses, and educators, who work with children who have experienced a stroke.

This study on "Exercise testing and training in coronary heart disease" is a remarkable compilation of numerous research studies, primarily from labora tories in Europe and the United States over the last decade or more. The topic reflects a growing awareness of and concern about the rapidly expanding understanding of the pathophysiology of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Since muscular exercise increases aerobic metabolism of myocardial and working skeletal muscles, greater flow of oxygenated blood is required by each; yet underlying vascular disease restricts these responses. This implicit paradox is here considered forthrightly. Examination of these relationships in symptomatic patients requires care and caution, because of the potential and occasionally real risks entailed. Accordingly, indirect assessment, particularly by noninvasive techniques, becomes increasingly important to detecting and monitoring - for the safety of the patients studied - the evidence of myocardial ischemia and impairment of left ventricular function under stress. Adequate assessment requires well-designed experimental studies to quantify true relationships and to measure the limits of functional capacity and the mechanisms of its impairment. Further more, alterations can be induced by therapy, whether this be pharmacological, medical or surgical, or achieved by physical reconditioning through exercise training. Not only is the cardiovascular system impaired by discrete and diffuse vascular lesions at central sites, but the degree of impairment is dynamic rather than static."

Neurobehavioural disability (NBD) follows many forms of serious brain injury and is a major constraint on social independence. This book brings together a group of leading academics and practising clinicians to provide an overview of the nature of NBD, considering how it translates into social handicap, and what can be done to address associated problems, through social and behavioural rehabilitation, vocational training and family education. This fully revised edition takes into account advances in the field, exploring the range of cognitive, emotional, and behavioural effects of brain damage most commonly associated with damage to the frontal and associated structures of the brain that govern social behaviour. This edition also features increased emphasis on psychological interventions, as well as new chapters on brain imaging, pharmacotherapy and assistive technology for disability. Neurobehavioural Disability and Social Handicap Following Traumatic Brain Injury is essential reading for clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and neurologists working in brain injury rehabilitation. The book will also be of interest to relatives of those with brain injury seeking better knowledge to understand neurobehavioural disability, as well as the growing number of therapy care assistants, case managers, support workers, and social workers responsible for the day to day care of brain injured people in the community.

Die Herausgeber prasentieren hier ausgewahlte Beitrage des 2. Nationalen Praventionskongresses, der gemeinsam mit dem 6. Deutschen Kongresses fur Versorgungsforschung durchgefuhrt wurde. Der wissenschaftliche Austausch zwischen praktisch tatigen Medizinern und Vertretern aller am Gesundheitssystem interessierten Experten verdeutlicht die Chancen des interdisziplinaren Dialogs fur die Versorgung gesundheitlich gefahrdeter und kranker Menschen.

Schlagen Sie Ihrem "kalendarischen Alter" ein Schnippchen und bleiben Sie langer jung Wie das geht? Mit Aktivitat, mit Bewegung. Denn damit lassen sich Gesundheit, Vitalitat und Lebensfreude erhalten und auch wieder gewinnen. Es ist nie zu spat, mit Bewegung und Sport anzufangen. Auf Basis wissenschaftlich gesicherter Erkenntnis haben erfahrene Mediziner und Sportwissenschafter einen lebensnahen, praktisch nachvollziehbaren und leicht verstandlichen Ratgeber verfasst, mit dessen Hilfe das Alter werden leichter wird und biologisch gesehen verzogert. Sie finden zahlreiche Tipps, wie Sie mehr Bewegung in Ihren Alltag einbauen konnen und umfassende Anleitungen fur Sportarten mit einem hohen "Active Aging-Faktor." Gesunde Ernahrung gehort ebenso dazu. Warum das gar nicht kompliziert ist und ausserdem gut schmeckt, lesen Sie hier. Und, wie Sie die Seele auf die schonen Seiten des Lebens einstimmen. "

Dieses Praxisbuch zeigt Physiotherapeuten, wie sie gezielt umfassende und wirkungsvolle Behandlungskonzepte fur ihre Patienten erstellen. Die Autoren beschreiben einen klar strukturierten Therapieleitfaden mit Befund- und Behandlungsmoeglichkeiten fur jede Koerperregion. Lernen Sie, wie Sie klassische und neue Techniken aus der Manuellen Therapie mit physikalischen und trainingstherapeutischen Massnahmen sinnvoll kombinieren.Dieses Buch bietet wesentliche Hintergrundinformationen zu jeder Koerperregion und erklart die Anatomie, die Biomechanik, die Pathologie und klinische Besonderheiten. Erfahren Sie alles zur genauen Befunderhebung mithilfe der Anamnese, der Inspektion, der Palpation, Funktionstests und Tests zur Differenzialdiagnostik. Ein umfangreiches Spektrum an Behandlungsmoeglichkeiten, wie Mobilisations- und Manipulationstechniken, Nervenmobilisation, Aufbautraining, sportartspezifische Rehabilitationsprogramme und Eigenubungen fur Patienten bietet viele Ansatze fur eine erfolgreiche Behandlung.Neu in der 2. aktualisierten Auflage sind zusatzliche Behandlungsmoeglichkeiten bei HWS- und Schulterbeschwerden, ein Rehabilitationsprinzip fur Bandscheibenvorfalle und neue Testverfahren.

Grundprinzipien und Therapiestrategien in der neurologischen Rehabilitation erstmals im umfassenden Gesamtuberblick: -> am Informationsbedarf aller beteiligten Berufsgruppen orientiert, -> fur alle relevanten neurologischen Erkrankungen und Behinderungsmuster. Nachschlagewerk fur alle therapeutischen Berufsgruppen: Das Werk bietet allen Therapeuten Praxiswissen fur die eigenen Aufgaben und oeffnet den Zugang zu den angrenzenden Berufsfeldern. Praxisbezogen und theoretisch fundiert - Neurophysiologische und anatomische Grundlagen - Methodisch-diagnostische Werkzeuge zur Erfassung der Rehabilitationseinflusse - Prinzipien und Wirkungsmechanismen therapeutischer Massnahmen - Therapie-Strategien fur alle Stoerungsbilder aus dem Methodenrepertoire der verschiedenen Berufsgruppen - Therapierelevante Grundlagen in UEbersichten und Tabellen - Praktische Therapie-Anleitung mit Fallbeispielen - Praxishinweise, Fehlerquellen, Komplikationen - Indikationen- und Kontraindikationen-Katalog - Pharmakotherapie und Hilfsmittelversorgung Ein ubersichtliches Nachschlagewerk, das in der taglichen Praxis schnelle Orientierung ermoeglicht und als umfassendes Handbuch die qualifizierte Weiterbildung in der neurologischen Rehabilitation sichert.

This book will provide an overview of the rehabilitation engineering field, including key concepts that are required to provide a solid foundation about the discipline. It will present these concepts through a mix of basic and applied knowledge from rehabilitation engineering research and practice. It's written as an introductory text in order to provide access to the field by those without previous experience or background in the field.These concepts will include those related to engineering and health that are necessary to understand the application of rehabilitation engineering to support human function.

Providing essential support to schools and universities that offer yoga therapy training programs, this comprehensive, edited textbook develops robust curricula, enabling them to prepare yoga therapists to integrate into healthcare settings safely and effectively. The book includes a large and international list of contributors from diverse lineages and backgrounds such as Matthew Taylor, Gail Parker and Steffany Moonaz, and is the first resource on yoga therapy that aligns with the educationl competencies of the International Association of Yoga Therapists (IAYT). It covers yoga foundations (philosophical background, ayurveda, tantra), biomedical and psychological foundations, yoga therapy tools and therapeutic skills, yogic and biopsychosocial-spiritual assessments, and professional practices. As the field of yoga therapy continues to root and grow, this book is essential for both new yoga therapy practitioners, and for schools developing training programs.

Understanding the perspective of carers is an essential aspect of nursing. Supporting Families and Carers: A Nursing Perspective offers insights into the fundamental principles of caring for families and carers irrespective of age, gender, ethnicity, sexuality or religion. This book discusses the concepts and theories that underpin our understanding of the behaviours and feelings that families and caregivers may experience. While the book covers theoretical dimensions to understand the caregiving experience, it also provides practical perspectives for nursing and is a unique resource to inform nursing practice and learning at all levels. The book covers topics such as the stress process, stressors and how they relate to caregiving as well as actions and resources to help alter stressful situations. Interventions discussed include training and education programs, problem-solving skills, information technology-based support and formal approaches to planning care that take into account the specific needs of carers. Carers are a central aspect of contemporary health services, and working with carers is fundamental to the delivery of high-quality person- and family-centred nursing care. This invaluable resource helps nurses to work effectively in partnership with patients and their carers.

Die aktualisierte 2. Auflage zeigt, dass es auch mit einer chronischen Erkrankung moglich ist, eine hohe Lebensqualitat zu erzielen, wenn man gelernt hat, positiv mit der Krankheit umzugehen. Das Leben, der Alltag, die Beziehung und auch das Berufsleben werden nicht in Theorie beschrieben, sondern von einer seit 21 Jahren an chronischer Polyarthritis erkrankten Patientin, die mit der Diagnose Rheuma" leben lernen musste, es auf vielen schwierigen Umwegen auch gelernt hat und heute ein sehr positives Leben fuhrt. Der erfahrene Rheumatologe beschreibt leicht verstandlich verschiedene Krankheitsbilder des rheumatischen Formenkreises, begleitet von sehr anschaulichen Fallbeispielen aus seiner langjahrigen Praxis, wobei verschiedene Therapieoptionen aufgezeigt werden. Die 2. Auflage wurde um die neuesten Behandlungskonzepte erweitert. Kurzbiografien beruhmter Personlichkeiten zeigen, wie diese gelernt haben, mit ihrer schweren Krankheit umzugehen. Dieses Buch soll nicht nur Betroffenen Mut machen, sondern kann auch fur Arzte im Umgang mit ihren Rheumapatienten sehr hilfreich sein. "

A collaboration between leading scientists, practitioners, and researchers at Carnegie-Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh, this book is a comprehensive resource describing Quality of Life technologies and their development, evaluation, adoption, and commercialization. It takes an interdisciplinary team approach to the process of technology development for disabled and older persons and discusses the state of the art and future directions of technologies. This work provides direction on how to identify user needs and preferences, engage end-users in the design and development process, and evaluate and commercialize the technologies.

High performance units in elite sport organisations should deliver integrated care and preparation of the athlete or sportsperson, combining best practice in sports medicine and physical therapy with training and conditioning techniques based on cutting edge sport science. In this groundbreaking new book, leading sports injury and rehabilitation professionals and sport scientists show how this integrated model should work in practice across the full spectrum of athlete care, including the prevention of sports injury, assessment and treatment of injury, and the design and implementation of effective rehabilitation programmes.The book introduces evidence-based best practice in all the core functional and professional areas of sports injury management, including: Building a performance team Pre-participation screenings Developing core stability, motor control and flexibility Training models Pre-season and in-season programmes Assessment of training loads and recovery The mechanics of sports injury Concussion management Pain Overtraining Designing rehabilitation programmes Psychology, nutrition and environmental stress Working with young athletes, female athletes, masters athletes, and athletes with disabilities Every chapter includes real case studies and data, as well as effective protocols, procedures and specimen programmes designed for high performance, with examples drawn from a wide range of individual and team sports. No other book integrates sports medicine and sport science as closely, and therefore Sports Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation is essential reading for any course in sports injury, sports therapy or sports medicine, and for any clinician, physical therapist or sport scientist working in high performance sport.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis, also known as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, is a deeply complex and multi-system condition which has historically suffered from a lack of awareness within physiotherapy education and practice. Similarities in presentation between this condition and Long Covid make this comprehensive and evidence-based guide for physiotherapists even more timely and important. This guide includes an in-depth explanation and history of ME/CFS whilst also describing symptoms, varying degrees of severity, and how to manage ME/CFS in children. It also provides detailed management advice and discussion on how the information can directly inform physiotherapy practice, supplemented with patient case studies.

Das Buch enthalt alle Aspekte der modernen Rehabilitation in Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie. In der 1. Auflage mit dem Carl-Rabl-Preis ausgezeichnet, liegt nun die 2. Auflage dieses Standardwerks in komplett uberarbeiteter und aktualisierter Form vor. Die funktionsunterstutzenden und - aktivierenden Methoden der Rehabilitation sind praxisorientiert dargestellt. Die spezifischen Behandlungsstrategien sind nach anatomischen Gesichtspunkten gegliedert. Neben der klassischen orthopadisch ausgerichteten Rehabilitation berucksichtigt die 2. Auflage die vor allem in der Unfallchirurgie relevante Fruhrehabilitation und die komplexe Rehabilitation - z.B. von Osteoporose-, Rheuma- und Diabetes-Patienten.

Contemporary Perspectives is the first book to address social work practice in the field of brain injury (BI). Contributions are written by social work authors from around the world, and highlight the diversity of social work practice and theory within this field. Chapters range from practice spanning interventions with families caring for a child with BI; interventions to assist the adjustment of families facing the challenge of supporting an adult relative with BI during the inpatient rehabilitation or post-acute community phase; work with parents with BI who are caring for children deemed to be at risk; and a literature review outlining the impact of a BI on siblings. Other chapters detail a program for self-advocacy; investigate the impact of violence-related BI; evaluate a peer-support program for people with BI; report on the role of support people in facilitating return to work after BI; and examine the role of social work within the interdisciplinary rehabilitation team. The volume highlights the valuable role social work makes to the field of BI and contributes to the knowledge base informing evidence-informed practice within this field. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation.

A comprehensive reference and practical guide on the technology and application of ultrasound to the musculoskeletal system. It is organized into two main sections. The first is devoted to general aspects, while the second provides a systematic overview of the applications of musculoskeletal ultrasound in different areas of the body. Ultrasound scans are correlated with drawings, photographs, images obtained using other modalities, and anatomic specimens. There is a generous complement of high-quality illustrations based on high-end equipment. This book will acquaint beginners with the basics of musculoskeletal ultrasound, while more advanced sonologists and sonographers will learn new skills, means of avoiding pitfalls, and ways of effectively relating the ultrasound study to the clinical background.

The Use of Aquatics in Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Rehabilitation and Physical Conditioning is a definitive and scientifically based text on the use and application of aquatic methodologies in both rehabilitation and physical conditioning appropriate for the general population to the elite athlete. The Use of Aquatics in Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Rehabilitation and Physical Conditioning represents a new generation of rehabilitation that is informative enough to be injury and sports specific. Dr. Kevin E. Wilk and Dr. David M. Joyner, along with noted domestic and international leaders in the field, explore the aquatic techniques and principles detailed in the work, while presenting this scientifically based material in an understandable and user-friendly format. Ten chapters take the reader from the history of aquatic rehabilitation and progress to discuss all parameters of aquatic rehabilitation. Some chapter topics include: * History, theory, and applications of aquatic therapy * Pool selection, facility design, and engineering considerations * Rehabilitation for the upper and lower extremities and spine * Sports-specific training * Research evidence for the benefits of aquatic exercise * Appendices, including 4 specific protocols for various lesions and disorders The Use of Aquatics in Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Rehabilitation and Physical Conditioning represents a new era in the use and development of aquatic therapy in sports medicine rehabilitation and is perfect for physical therapists, athletic trainers, strength and conditioning coaches, personal trainers, and sports medicine professionals alike.

Enhance your clinical practice and your understanding of rehabilitation literature through applied statistics Step-by-step, this interactive learning experience makes clinically relevant statistical procedures easier to understand, organize, interpret, and use when evaluating patients and the effectiveness of your practice.

Only statistical procedures with direct clinical application have been selected to guide you through patient assessments, selecting the best tools for your practice, enhancing your understanding of predicting prognosis and responders to treatment, and outlining a method to critique clinical practice guidelines. With this reader-friendly, real-world approach you'll be able to meet the need for evidence to support your practice, gain a deeper understanding of clinical research, and systematically evaluate patient outcomes.

In addition to a great text, you'll also find video tutorials on the CD-ROM--included FREE in every book. These videos are step-by-step guides through statistical analysis exercises using data sets that are also included. Each data set contains hypothetical patient data that is similar to real rehabilitation research. You'll know when to use the CD-ROM when you see the special callout boxes throughout the text. The CD-ROM will guide you through clinical exercises that simplify the use of statistical software programs including Excel, NCSS, and SPSS in addition to others.

This book will help all health professionals involved in the rehabilitation of older people to provide their patients with the highest possible quality of life and autonomy. Expanded and rewritten by a diverse team of authors, the text is suitable for doctors in all specialties that see older patients, as well as nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, dietitians, speech and language therapists/pathologists, physician associates/assistants, healthcare assistants, and many others including patients, family members and students. The book is written in an accessible, no-jargon style and provides a patient-centred perspective on recent advances in the field of rehabilitation - an increasingly important aspect of care for older people. Clear explanations of relevant concepts: ageing, frailty, comprehensive assessment, rehabilitation Broad coverage of all aspects of rehabilitation including different settings Explanations of input from multiple health professionals Problem-based section that highlights solutions to common issues during rehabilitation Specialty-specific areas of rehabilitation such as stroke rehabilitation, cancer rehabilitation, post-operative rehabilitation, trauma, rehabilitation in the community Practical section explaining how to plan discharge safely, run a care planning meeting, organize home supports, continue rehabilitation at home Evidence-based but accessible writing, complemented by practical clinical wisdom Aimed at a broader audience - applicable to all health professionals who see older patients Resources for patients and their caregivers Multiple-choice questions to test knowledge

Assistive technology has made it feasible for individuals with a wide range of impairments to engage in many activities, such as education and employment, in ways not previously possible. The key factor is to create consumer-driven technologies that solve the problems by addressing the needs of persons with visual impairments. Assistive Technology for Blindness and Low Vision explores a broad range of technologies that are improving the lives of these individuals. Presenting the current state of the art, this book emphasizes what can be learned from past successful products, as well as what exciting new solutions the future holds. Written by world-class leaders in their field, the chapters cover the physiological bases of vision loss and the fundamentals of orientation, mobility, and information access for blind and low vision individuals. They discuss technology for multiple applications (mobility, wayfinding, information access, education, work, entertainment), including both established technology and cutting-edge research. The book also examines computer and digital media access and the scientific basis for the theory and practice of sensory substitution. This volume provides a holistic view of the elements to consider when designing assistive technology for persons with visual impairment, keeping in mind the need for a user-driven approach to successfully design products that are easy to use, well priced, and fill a specific need. Written for a broad audience, this book provides a comprehensive overview and in-depth descriptions of current technology for designers, engineers, practitioners, rehabilitation professionals, and all readers interested in the challenges and promises of creating successful assistive technology.