The seventh edition of this bestselling textbook has been extensively revised and updated to provide a comprehensive and accessible introduction to bilingualism and bilingual education in an everchanging world. Written in a compact and clear style, the book covers all the crucial issues in bilingualism and multilingualism at individual, group and societal levels. Updates to the new edition include: Thoroughly updated chapters with over 500 new citations of the latest research. Six chapters with new titles to better reflect their updated content. A new Chapter 16 on Deaf-Signing People, Bilingualism/Multilingualism, and Bilingual Education. The latest demographics and other statistical data. Recent developments in and limitations of brain imaging research. An expanded discussion of key topics including multilingual education, codeswitching, translanguaging, translingualism, biliteracy, multiliteracies, metalinguistic and morphological awareness, superdiversity, raciolinguistics, anti-racist education, critical post-structural sociolinguistics, language variation, motivation, age effects, power, and neoliberal ideologies. Recent US policy developments including the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), Seal of Biliteracy, Proposition 58, LOOK Act, Native American Languages Preservation Act, and state English proficiency standards and assessments consortia (WIDA, ELPA21). New global examples of research, policy, and practice beyond Europe and North America. Technology and language learning on the internet and via mobile apps, and multilingual language use on the internet and in social media. Students and Instructors will benefit from updated chapter features including: New bolded key terms corresponding to a comprehensive glossary Recommended readings and online resources Discussion questions and study activities

This volume in the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) for English Language Learners series was designed to deepen teachers' knowledge and provides instructional approaches and practices for supporting Grades 6-12 English language learners as they meet the ambitious expectations of the CCSS for Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects. This book, like the others in this best-selling series, provides specific pedagogical practices, strategies, and ideas for teachers to reflect on the kind of instruction that is possible for making the demands of language use explicit.

"Bring the English language to life with this valuable new resource "
Some say that learning a second language is like drinking water from a fire hose. But teaching it does not have to be like standing under Niagara Falls. This is the fundamental message of Jerry Jesness' new quick-start guide "Teaching English Language Learners K-12." In our climate, ELL teachers face immense demands as educators because the ELL class is often the critical, transitional step into a student's entire education. The author provides specific strategies to address the special challenges for instructors. This valuable resource offers a terrific framework to nurture that motivating spark in English Language learners. For ELL educators, it's more than a job--it's a mission
"Teaching English Language Learners K-12" includes:
- Customizing instructions to create developmentally and culturally appropriate lessons for all learners
- Comprehensive vocabulary checklists for common English words and concepts
- Practical methods for using the learner's native language and culture in the classroom
- Helpful strategies for teaching spoken English, reading, and writing
- Encouraging tips to become a better ELL teacher
This book delivers a concise array of teaching strategies, curriculum, and things ESL teachers need to know to become most confident in their work and most effective with their students.

This book presents a novel perspective on education as a social right. Literature on this topic has focused on inclusion as the universal concept whereby access to education is examined. As a moral principle, this concept opens new challenges in different ways if we take a deeper view into diverse contexts. What education? For what? For whom? Are we thinking about education because it will bring social justice in the future, or are we thinking of education as a just practice in the present? This book brings fresh theoretical and empirical perspectives on those questions, moving beyond a pure inclusion paradigm to a broader and context-oriented notion of educational justice. The chapters engage with theories of educational justice to present these challenges at the institutional level of educational policy, at the practical level of schooling practices, and in the production of ideas around childhood and education, for instance, notions of normalcy at schools. Although the featured works are related to the Chilean educational system, they opens questions about education in general. They embrace rural and urban contexts, different educational levels (from preschool to university), and university and vocational education. This book will be rewarding reading for educational scholars, those interested in theories of social and educational justice, and anyone interested in contemporary perspectives on education, childhood and youth, inclusion, and justice.

The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) have been adopted by most states in the United States, and mathematics educators must attend to this widespread adoption and implementation. This book addresses the gap reflected in the statement, "It is also beyond the scope of the Standards to define the full range of supports appropriate for English language learners." This collection of pedagogical practices supports English language learners with the content and language demands of the CCSS for Mathematics. Each chapter highlights, via detailed classroom-based vignettes, specific pedagogical practices that teachers can use to support English language learners with the Standards for Mathematical Practices, and each concludes with questions for reflection and suggestions for action plans.

Research findings by the National Commission on Excellence, the Children's Defense Fund, and the College Board, among others, suggest that much work remains to be done to upgrade the educational experience and performance of the fastest growing segment of the American school population, blacks and other minorities. This country's survival and strength will ultimately depend on the quality of education given to this important group that has been systematically and effectively excluded from the benefits of educational opportunity. Without these benefits, blacks and other minorities will never achieve economic independence, and the self-perpetuating cycle of poor school achievement, poverty, and teen parenthood will grind on relentlessly. This important study addresses the many facets of this complex problem by explicating its many roots, assessing strengths and weaknesses inherent in the present system, and proposing strategies for dynamic changes. Chapter 1 reviews various societal prescriptions regarding education and descriptive practices harmful to black students and uncovers a "hidden" curriculum. The focus of Chapter 2 is on cultural synchronization in style, language, and cognition and on how disappearing black educators increase the lack of synchronization. Chapters 3 and 4 detail the effects of teacher expectations in various contexts including grade level, subject, and time of year, and present a thorough research study of teacher-student interactions. The last two chapters outline strategies for change and implications for training and staff development exploring Afro-centric responses, parent involvement, relevant research findings, and various staff development competenciesfor policy development and prejudice reduction. The detailed introductory essay, the seven tables and five figures, and an appendix that provides supplemental information describing the research study methodology in Chapter 4 complete this valuable volume. Scholars and students of Afro-American and African Studies, as well as educational administrators and practitioners will find this work both timely and provocative.

The way many secondary schools are structured limits the ability of immigrant English Learners to achieve academically and develop social networks, often resulting in hyper-segregated learning experiences. This book explores the journey of a group of teachers in a secondary school as they work to change the ESL program for immigrants in their school. As this group of teachers worked to create a program that supported their students' home languages and "funds of knowledge," structures within the school, and Discourses from other teachers, administrators, and the nation/community both constrained/enabled the teachers to create an equitable learning environment.

The authentic, storytelling process gives students the opportunity to include their heritage language and culture into the learning process at school. Often, students separate their heritage language and culture from the school culture. They do this in order to survive the complexity of living in dual worlds or perspectives (Belenky et al., 1986). When teachers integrate the heritage language, such as storytelling, into the authentic literacy processes, students find that their heritage language and culture has value. They discover that their teachers encourage the traditional storytelling of their own heritage stories in the classrooms among their classmates. This brings the dual perspective of living in two distinct worlds together. The culturally responsive teachers help to merge both the home and school culture together through authentic literacy. This book describes how culturally responsive teachers learn to navigate between the heritage languages of their students and the dominant language of their curriculum and instruction. They know to ask questions such as, "Who are the storytellers in your home and what stories do they tell you?" This form of questioning opens up the thinking process that shows literacy comes in more forms and processes than just a book. As culturally responsive teachers invite different forms of literacy to be shared in the classroom, they bring the authentic lives of storytellers into their classroom. The students can retell the stories that they were told by their storytellers. Through this storytelling process both the culturally responsive teachers and the students informs them about who they are, how they are connect with others, and how they interdependent on others. Students tell stories that inform them about who they are and how they are connected with others, so they will know that they are human. They can live in a world of possibilities where they are interconnected with literacy and interdependent with each other in order to be human. They are describing what Greene (1995) described as looking into each other's eyes in order to encourage them to tell their stories about who they are and who they hope to be.

When students are motivated, they are more confident and successful in their learning. But what is at the heart of a motivated learner? This book discusses the five elements of motivation-the teacher, teaching methodology, the text, the task, and the test-and explores how to use these "5 Ts" to impact student motivation.

This collection of empirical work offers an in-depth exploration of key issues in the education of adolescents and adults with refugee backgrounds residing in North America, Australia and Europe. These studies foreground student goals, experiences and voices, and reflect a high degree of awareness of the assets that refugee-background students bring to schools and broader society. Chapters are clustered according to the two themes of Language and Literacy, and Access and Equity. Each chapter includes a discussion of context, researcher positionality and implications for educators, policy-makers and scholars.

The author provides a comprehensive discussion of the political, economic, curricular, and instructional issues relevant to workforce education for Latinos with low levels of literacy and formal education. Of particular significance is an examination of recent federal legislation that has impacted Latino adults who are unemployed, displaced, and/or seeking to advance personally and economically.

Instructors, as well as administrators and policymakers, will benefit from the succinct yet comprehensive discussion of federal policies, best practices in classroom instruction for bilingual adults, and program assessment and accountability. This study is most timely given the current social and demographic realities of this country as well as the changing economy of the 21st century, and is a powerful voice for Latino adults seeking to better their lives through education.

Making Everything Easier

"Teaching English as a Foreign Language for Dummies"

Learn to: Put an EFL course programme together from scratchLet your students loose in skills classes - from reading to listeningDeliver grammar lessons in a logical and intuitive wayCope with different age groups and capabilities

Your one-stop guide to a career that will take you places

If you thought that teaching a language that's second nature to you would be easy, think again Explaining grammar, or teaching correct pronunciation while simultaneously developing your own skills as a teacher can be a huge challenge. Whether you're on a training course or have already started teaching, this book will help launch your career and give you the confidence and expertise you need to be a brilliant teacher.Make an educated decision - decide between the various courses, qualifications and job locations available to youStart from scratch - plan well-structured lessons and develop successful and effective teaching techniquesFocus on skills - from reading and writing, to listening and speaking, get your students sounding and feeling fluentGet your head around grammar - teach students to put sentences together, recognise tenses and use adjectives and adverbsAll shapes and sizes - tailor your lessons to younger learners, one-to-ones, exam classes and Business English learners

"An invaluable manual for anyone thinking of embarking on a TEFL journey. Michelle Maxom's step-by-step guide provides practical tips to get you started and offers key advice to help unleash the creative English language teacher within."
--Claire Woollam, Director of Studies & a Teacher Trainer at Language Link London

Open the book and find: TEFL, TESOL, EFL - what all the acronyms meanThe best course books and materials to supplement your teachingAdvice on running your class and handling difficultiesLesson plans that you can use in the classroomActivities and exercises to keep your students on their toesConstructive ways to correct and assess your students' performanceWays to inject some fun into your classesInsider information on the best jobs around the world

Population mobility is at an all-time high in human history. One result of this unprecedented movement of peoples around the world is that in many school systems monolingual and monocultural students are the exception rather than the rule, particularly in urban areas. This shift in demographic realities entails enormous challenges for educators and policy-makers. What do teachers need to know in order to teach effectively in linguistically and culturally diverse contexts? How long does it take second language learners to acquire proficiency in the language of school instruction? What are the differences between attaining conversational fluency in everyday contexts and developing proficiency in the language registers required for academic success? What adjustments do we need to make in curriculum, instruction and assessment to ensure that second-language learners understand what is being taught and are assessed in a fair and equitable manner? How long do we need to wait before including second-language learners in high-stakes national examinations and assessments? What role (if any) should be accorded students' first language in the curriculum? Do bilingual education programs work well for poor children from minority-language backgrounds or should they be reserved only for middle-class children from the majority or dominant group? In addressing these issues, this volume focuses not only on issues of language learning and teaching but also highlights the ways in which power relations in the wider society affect patterns of teacher-student interaction in the classroom. Effective instruction will inevitably challenge patterns of coercive power relations in both school and society.

This book explores the experiences of men and women who train to teach ESL as a second career. Drawing from in-depth interviews and observations of 30 students (aged 45 to 73) in a TESOL graduate program, this book provides portraits of these individuals as they develop as teachers. It describes the processes they go through to launch their teaching careers, the successes and challenges they face, and the evolving significance of their work in their overall life goals and achievements. A welcome addition to the growing literature on teacher development, this book will be an important resource for teacher trainers and anyone working in TESOL.

This volume reports on the main results of the research project Inclusive epistemologies and practices of out-of-school English learning. The study reacts to low attainment levels in English as a foreign language among socioeconomically disadvantaged youth. The contributors to this volume research teenagers' existing practices of using and learning English out of school time and implement new, inclusive, nonformal English language educational initiatives. They evaluate the impact of the nonformal English language educational initiatives implemented and support their sustainability and transferability. The project embeds collaborative and arts-based methods into its methodology, fostering inclusive and creative educational practices and ways of knowing.

The book explores young Arabic-speaking children's English language learning. Through classroom-based research and learner work samples, the book analyses the interplay between cultural norms and the critical role that teachers play in orchestrating classroom discourse through skillful use of available instructional materials, questioning strategies and feedback to learners. The author shows the potential of instructional materials to influence young learners' vocabulary, reading comprehension, and written production, as well as the way they acquire the academic literacies needed in school subjects taught in English. She reviews the spread of the practice of teaching English to young and very young children and the increasing demand for English-medium instruction in the Arabic-speaking region, with a particular focus on the negative transfer from Arabic to English spelling and grammar. The book also discusses the importance of story narratives, arguing they are an ideal medium for language teaching because of their rich linguistic repertoire and the strong motivational force that stories have on young language learners and their cognitive growth, essential to their later academic success. Taken together, the research findings and classroom vignettes suggest that children's language learning happens within a complex system of interactive variables and cultural norms and expectations.

This book is an essential resource for researchers in the field of applied linguistics as well as practising teachers and teacher trainees in secondary and higher education. It explores collaboration in the foreign language classroom through the use of new media. Combining theoretical, empirical and practical insights into this intricate area of research, the contributions take different approaches across a wide range of international contexts.

Are you confident in your understanding of the significant challenges that EAL pupils face? Do you have a range of teaching strategies to address their needs? Are your EAL learners making the required progress in their lessons? This text provides you with tried and tested strategies to help you develop effective pedagogy for learning and progression with a range of different EAL pupils. It includes both immediate measures and handy tips as well as long-term strategies to embed into your teaching. Designed to be read over a week, the book is divided into seven concise chapters that will help you build a rich context with integrated and effective teaching for all your EAL pupils.

Special PLC discount when you buy 15 copies of English Learners, Academic Literacy, and Thinking. A $352 value for $282.

A Study Guide is available for this title. Click here to download. To download some helpful suggestions for book study groups, click here."For educators individually and collectively who aspire to implement a curriculum based on intellectual quality, and who recognize the importance of infusing the teaching of academic literacy across the curriculum, Pauline Gibbons' book provides inspiration and guidance. The wealth of classroom examples based on actual practice convincingly refutes the argument, reflected in much current practice, that EL and low-income students are incapable of benefiting from an intellectually challenging, inquiry-based curriculum." - Jim CumminsUniversity of Toronto Deep understanding, critical thinking, subject knowledge, and control of academic literacy are goals we have for all our students. The challenge for teachers is to find a way of teaching that helps everyone, including English learners, to reach these high expectations. In "English Learners, Academic Literacy, and Thinking"," " Pauline Gibbons presents an action-oriented approach that gives English learners high-level support to match our high expectations. Focusing on the middle grades of school, she shows how to plan rigorous, literacy-oriented, content-based instruction and illustrates what a high-challenge, high-support curriculum looks like in practice. Gibbons (author of "Scaffolding Language, Scaffolding Learning") presents and discusses in detail five broad areas that enable English learners to participate in high-quality learning across the curriculum: engaging deeply with intellectual contexts developing academic literacy employing reading strategies and improving comprehension gaining writing independence and learning content-area genres using classroom talk to make sense of new concepts and as a bridge to writing. Based on these areas she then presents guidelines on designing long-term, high-quality instruction that simultaneously provides explicit scaffolding for English learners. Gibbons makes these guidelines an instructional reality through dozens of examples of rich activities and tasks that can be used across the curriculum and that support the learning of all students. "English Learners, Academic Literacy, and Thinking" supports teachers with doable plans for instruction, reflection questions for individual or group study together, and suggestions for further reading. The book is a valuable resource for inservice training and college courses and provides an ideal basis for a schoolwide response to the growing challenges of raising the achievement of English language learners.

Between 1990 and 2010, the English language learner (ELL) population in U.S. schools grew by 80 percent. While the highest concentration of English language learners, now more commonly referred to as emergent bilinguals (EBLs) remains in the traditional immigrant destination states of California, Texas, New York, Florida, Illinois, and New Jersey, in all 50 states there are growing numbers of emergent bilinguals. Interest in these learners has encouraged research and publications, but most of this research has centered on the students themselves and the politics surrounding their education. Publications featuring the research of teacher educators preparing teachers to work with EBLs in schools are much needed. Teacher educators must know how to help inservice teachers provide effective instruction to the increasing number of linguistically diverse students in the schools.

This book explores the ways and means by which English threatens the vitality and diversity of other languages and cultures in the modern world. Using the metaphor of the Hydra monster from ancient Greek mythology, it explores the use and misuse of English in a wide range of contexts, revealing how the dominance of English is being confronted and counteracted around the globe. The authors explore the language policy challenges for governments and education systems at all levels, and show how changing the role of English can lead to greater success in education for a larger proportion of children. Through personal accounts, poems, essays and case studies, the book calls for greater efforts to ensure the maintenance of the world's linguistic and cultural diversity.