Language is a vital tool for teaching math-it's present in word problems, textbooks, teacher talk, and more. With this game-changing guidebook, middle and high school teachers will harness the power of language to ensure math success for all students, including multilingual and other diverse learners who may need support to access academic language.Introducing a unique functional language awareness approach developed through decades of research and field work, this book helps teachers examine how they use language in the math classroom and make small changes to their words and practices to support student learning. Math teachers will see the functional language awareness approach in action across different classroom contexts, and they'll get a practical collection of ideas, activities, and tools for making the most of language in the math classroom. An innovative approach that complements popular math models used with English learners, this guidebook will help educators use language consistently and effectively to meet the learning needs of all MATH TEACHERS WILL: record, analyze, and reflect on their own use of language in the classroom increase understanding of student strengths and needs by developing learner profiles establish language-rich interactive routines that engage all learners plan powerful math lessons with an explicit focus on how language can support learning build student competence in key skills related to math, including explaining, reasoning, and problem-solving teach students precise language for communicating their math knowledge use a think-aloud technique to reflect on and improve elements of their planning and teaching SPECIAL FEATURES: Leverage language effectively in the math classroom through sample transcripts of teacher-student discourse, Try It Yourself boxes, On Your Own activities, and reflective practice. Online materials include a lesson plan template, sample lesson plan, transcription guide, and other forms to support effective teaching.

The children of Mexican immigrant families are the fastest growing population in American schools today. Education can be the key to a better quality of life, especially for a population that faces breathtakingly high poverty rates and few other opportunities for social mobility. But these children are too frequently considered at risk academically. What more can be done to help them succeed? Mexican Roots, American Schools offers a fresh take on this timely and critically important issue by focusing on the first years of elementary school and the complex interplay of learning with other aspects of children's lives. Its social policy recommendations will be essential reading for educators, policymakers, and parents alike. Based on the first-ever national study of the school readiness of Mexican immigrant children, this book examines how various aspects of their lives-including health, the home environment, and childcare arrangements-help or hurt their academic performance. Drawing a comprehensive picture, it shows that these children start school behind their peers and only fall farther behind over the years. The author forcefully maintains that this situation does not need to continue. Crosnoe outlines which factors make the most difference, and recommends policy initiatives that would help change things. In addressing educational inequality, we need to target the earliest years of school and pre-school programs, offer resource centers and services for students and parents, and consider how health and home inevitably seep their way into the schools.

In this volume, David Hirsh compellingly makes the case for why vocabulary should be a necessary component of L2 writing proficiency and L2 writing instruction. He examines why vocabulary size and context matter, how productive use of vocabulary can be scaffolded, how to treat vocabulary errors, and the ways that technology like corpora and concordances can support teachers and improve students' independent vocabulary acquisition. In fact, one chapter is devoted to fostering learner autonomy, an important contribution to pedagogy that is often neglected in similar texts. Each chapter concludes with a list of key points and tasks and discussion questions for pre- and in-service instructors. Several chapters also include sample activities for teaching vocabulary at various instructional levels, designed to encourage readers to consider more deeply how they will include vocabulary instruction in their classrooms. Vocabulary and Second Language Writing will be an excellent guide for all college-level writing instructors and help them understand the critical role that vocabulary plays in writing quality-something that is often disregarded in favor of holistic features like genre and rhetoric. The volume may also be useful for writing center administrators and those who train writing tutors.

How can schools meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population of newcomers? Do bilingual programs help children transition into American life, or do they keep them in a linguistic ghetto? Are immigrants who maintain their native language uninterested in being American, or are they committed to changing what it means to be American?

In this ambitious book, Rosemary Salomone uses the heated debate over how best to educate immigrant children as a way to explore what national identity means in an age of globalization, transnationalism, and dual citizenship. She demolishes popular myths that bilingualism impedes academic success, that English is under threat in contemporary America, that immigrants are reluctant to learn English, or that the ancestors of today s assimilated Americans had all to gain and nothing to lose in abandoning their family language.

She lucidly reveals the little-known legislative history of bilingual education, its dizzying range of meanings in different schools, districts, and states, and the difficulty in proving or disproving whether it works or defining it as a legal right.

In eye-opening comparisons, Salomone suggests that the simultaneous spread of English and the push toward multilingualism in western Europe offer economic and political advantages from which the U.S. could learn. She argues eloquently that multilingualism can and should be part of a meaningful education and responsible national citizenship in a globalized world.

Engage your ELL students through technology! When it comes to technology integration, don't overlook the needs of your ELL students. Introduce project-based learning into your classroom and utilize strategies to engage your ELL students and bridge the growing divide between technology and the ELL students that need it to thrive. Connected Educator John Spencer shows ELL educators how to combine technology with teaching in this easy-to-use guide to blended learning. Get ready to: Blend innovative technology with project-based learning Strengthen your students' English language skills Engage your students through the intentional integration of digital tools

Help your students unlock important mathematical concepts If you've ever watched a student struggle with learning math concepts, you know that academic English can sometimes create stumbling blocks to understanding. To grasp complicated concepts, build skills, and demonstrate achievement, students need to master academic language in math. But how do you teach academic language when you're so busy teaching math? With this guide, you'll build a curricular framework that integrates language and cultural supports with math content during lesson planning, implementation, and reflection. You'll learn to Understand the role of language within the math principles of the Common Core Identify potential obstacles to understanding Incorporate academic language into standards-referenced unit targets and lesson objectives Collaborate with ELL specialists to help students access the curriculum Each grade-specific chapter models the types of interactions and learning experiences that help students master both math content and academic language. This essential book shows you why mastery of academic language is the key to students' academic success.

Drawing on her experience as an instructional technology specialist and as a woman of color, Davis offers her insight into how technology can be used in schools to break barriers and help students of diverse voices learn better. Through step by step strategies and several vignettes, Davis discusses the impact edtech has on teachers, students, and leaders, and why the more general edtech conversation needs to make room for a wider variety of voices.

This book is written by a diverse cohort of both of American educators, including professors, teachers, school counselors, and school administrators from pre-K to college levels. Most of the contributors come from disciplinary areas of English as a second language and school administration. With the pressure of Common Core State Standards Initiative, American educators are now shifting their focus to standards-based instruction. Meanwhile, Chinese educators are moving away from national standards and developing state level curriculum and instruction to meet specific needs of the students in local provinces. There is also a debate about whether or not to use the National College Entrance Examination as the only test for college admission. Some provinces (e.g., Zhejiang and Hubei) are administering their own college entrance examinations. The book outlines the sociocultural roots of education in the three countries, linking the tradition and philosophical orientations to each country's own history of education. Furthermore, the book compares and contrasts the curriculum, especially the teaching of English as a second/foreign language, in three countries. This book examines the stress of students, physical education, various pedagogical styles in foreign language education as well as instructional texts and cross-cultural dialogue between teachers. Additionally, the book explores factors that influence parent's involvement and women's educational and career aspirations. Lastly, the book presents modern technologies such as smart learning technologies and online learning platforms not only to facilitate future educational systems but also to promote international exchanges. The chapters of the book are thematically diverse, but they help to provide inspirations for educators both in American and Asian countries. The findings offer alternative practical lenses for educational community to seek for some "middle ground" between Chinese, South Korea and American education. The intended audience for this book is graduate students, teachers, administrators, and professionals in education.

Modern societies tend to demand innovative learning modalities in which foreign languages are used to teach content subjects from very early educational stages. Education authorities in different geographical areas of the world are currently working to determine how bilingual teaching should be developed depending, along with many other factors, on the initial training of bilingual education teachers. On this basis, it is necessary to review how tertiary education institutions deal with the theoretical foundations and practical approaches necessary for this learning modality to train bilingual education teachers for primary schools. Training Teachers for Bilingual Education in Primary Schools includes international experiences of teacher training for bilingual education in primary schools in which educators should be able to recognize themselves and identify concrete working formulas to apply in their daily work. Covering key topics such as teacher training, language learning, and primary education, this reference work is ideal for administrators, teacher trainers, policymakers, researchers, scholars, practitioners, academicians, instructors, and students.

Based on Human Rights Watch investigations at twenty-six Arab and Jewish schools and on nationwide statistics compiled by the Israeli government. Nearly one-quarter of Israel's 1.6 million schoolchildren are Palestinian Arab citizens and are educated in schools run by the Israeli government, but operated separately from those of the Jewish majority. "Government-run Arab schools are a world apart from government-run Jewish schools," said Zama Coursen-Neff, counsel to the Children's Rights Division of Human Rights Watch. "In virtually every respect, Palestinian Arab children get an education inferior to that of Jewish children, and their relatively poor performance in school reflects this." Palestinian Arab children drop out of school at three times the rate of Jewish children and are less likely to pass the national matriculation exams for a high school diploma. Only a handful make it to university. Among Palestinian Arabs, the Bedouin from the Negev Desert fare the worst in every respect. "Discrimination is cumulative, and at each level, more Palestinian Arab children are winnowed out," Coursen-Neff said. The report found striking differences in virtually every aspect of the education system. The Education Ministry does not allocate as much money per head for Palestinian Arab children as it does for Jewish children. Their classes are 20 percent larger on average. They get far fewer enrichment and remedial programs - even though they need them more - in part because the Ministry uses a different scale to assess need for Jewish children. Their school buildings are in worse condition, and many communities lack kindergartens for three and four-year-olds. Palestinian Arab schoolchildren do not have the same access to counseling and vocational programs. One of the largest gaps is in special education, where disabled Palestinian Arab children get less funding and fewer services, have limited access to special schools, and lack appropriate curricula. Arabic is an official language and the language of instruction in Israel's Arab schools. Nevertheless, the government devotes inadequate resources toward developing Arabic curricula in general, and Palestinian Arab teachers have far fewer textbooks and teaching materials at their disposal than their Jewish counterparts. Some of the content, especially the mandatory study of Jewish religious texts, alienates students and teachers alike. "The government has admitted that it spends more per Jewish child, but it hasn't changed its policies," said Coursen-Neff. "The children who need the most - Palestinian Arab and, especially, Negev Bedouin - are getting the least." Last fall the government promised extra money for Arab education. Human Rights Watch called on the Israeli government to immediately end discrimination: The Ministry of Education should adopt a written policy of equality that explicitly prohibits discrimination on the basis of religion, race, ethnicity, or gender. The ministry should immediately begin distributing all funding and programs to schools on a non-discriminatory basis and allocate additional funding to close the gaps between Jewish and Arab education. The Knesset should amend the education laws to prohibit discrimination by the national government. The government should measurably improve Palestinian Arab citizens' participation in all aspects of decision-making about education policies and resources.

The diversity education literature, both nationally and internationally, is broad and diffuse. Consequently, there needs to be a systematic and logical way to organize and present the state of research for students and professionals. American citizens need to understand the dynamics of their increasingly diverse communities and institutions and the global world in which we live, work, and lead. With continually evolving information on diversity policies, practices, and programs, it is important to have one place where students, scholars, teachers, and policymakers can examine and explore research, policy, and practice issues and find answers to important questions about how diversity in U.S. education enriched with theories, research and practices in other nations are explained and communicated, and how they affect institutional change at both the K-12 and postsecondary levels.

With about 700 signed entries with cross-references and recommended readings, the "Encyclopedia of Diversity in Education" (4 volumes, in both print and electronic formats) will present research and statistics, case studies, and best practices, policies, and programs at pre- and postsecondary levels. Diversity is a worldwide phenomenon, and while most of the entries in the "Encyclopedia" will focus on the United States, diversity issues and developments in nations around the world, including the United States, are intricately connected. Consequently, to illuminate the many aspects of diversity, this volume will contain entries from different nations in the world in order to illuminate the myriad aspects of diversity. From A-to-Z, this Encyclopedia will cover the full spectrum of diversity issues, including race, class, gender, religion, language, exceptionality, and the global dimensions of diversity as they relate to education. This four-volume reference work will be the definitive reference for diversity issues in education in the United States and the world.

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This textbook provides an accessible introduction to discourse intonation for ESL/EFL instructors, whether practicing or in pre-service graduate programs. Because intonation (typically defined as pitch structure that also includes rhythm and stress patterns) is used to form impressions about a speaker's attitude, it is crucial that instructors understand the details of the underlying linguistic system so that they can help students avoid the more common intonation-related pitfalls they experience when communicating in an academic setting. This textbook relies heavily on the Brazil model; chapters are organized around different parts of that model and how they can be most effectively taught. Readers will learn the conventions underlying, for example, how we group words in prosodic units, how we understand turn-taking cues in conversation, and how we assess whether someone is feeling angry or sad, for example.

The Four Point series is designed for English language learners whose primary goal is to succeed in an academic setting.The series covers the four academic skills of reading, writing, listening, and speaking while providing reinforcement and systematic recycling of key vocabulary and further exposure to grammar issues. In order to participate in academic settings, English learners need focused activities to develop and then maintain their use of vocabulary and grammar. Each book in the series focuses heavily on vocabulary in particular, highlighting between 125-150 key vocabulary items including individual words, compound words, phrasal verbs, short phrases, idioms, metaphors, collocations, and longer set lexical phrases. The 2nd Edition of Listening-Speaking 2 contains six lectures on the topic within a field of academic study: applied linguistics, geology, economics, history, health sciences, and engineering. The lectures range in length from 11 to 16 minutes in length. Audio files are sold separately. The exercises practice an array of important academic listening and speaking skills, including making presentations, and also reinforce vocabulary and reading and writing skills. Each unit includes activities based on the in-class interactions students will encounter in academic settings-including making impromptu and prepared presentations, debating, participating in group discussions. Toward this end, video scenes (available on the companion website) for each unit model student behavior when working in groups and incorporate key words and phrases typically used when working in groups. By addressing the breadth and depth of listening and speaking tasks required in academic settings, students will grow confident in areas that build the fluencies needed to succeed in their academic endeavors. This version of the second edition has no new content but is simply not packaged with the audio. The audio that was previously included in the product in CD format must now be ordered separately as an audio download.

Are you seeing your students clearly? This unique collaboration between a veteran educator and a psychotherapist shows that the educators who are most effective in teaching diverse student populations are the ones who can "see students clearly and respond to their needs without hesitation or bias." Framed around an original, eight-stage model of diversity development, this book provides readers with essential tools for building a sturdy foundation of mutual respect upon which schools without bias can be constructed. Included are specific strategies for creating a school environment that Gives voice and consideration to all students Shows interest, empathy, and respect for all staff members Advocates respect and reverence of individuality Adapts innovative policies-despite resistance-that best serve the total school community In addition to vignettes, anecdotes, and case examples, the authors provide worksheets for problem-solving, conflict resolution, clear communication, rules of engagement, reflection, and scenario study. This book will help educators boost student achievement by giving them how-to strategies that work across content areas to create a culturally considerate classroom and school climate that supports student success and reinforces the strength of individual teachers, administrators, and auxiliary personnel.

This collection of empirical work offers an in-depth exploration of key issues in the education of adolescents and adults with refugee backgrounds residing in North America, Australia and Europe. These studies foreground student goals, experiences and voices, and reflect a high degree of awareness of the assets that refugee-background students bring to schools and broader society. Chapters are clustered according to the two themes of Language and Literacy, and Access and Equity. Each chapter includes a discussion of context, researcher positionality and implications for educators, policy-makers and scholars.