This superb, rational, and highly readable volume answers a deeply felt need. Parents and educators alike have long struggled to understand what meanings race might have for the very young, and for ways to insure that every child grows up with a healthy sense of self. Marguerite Wright handles sensitive issues with consummate clarity, practicality, and hope. Here we have an indispensable guide that will doubtless prove a classic.
--Edward Zigler, sterling professor of psychology and director, Yale Bush Center in Child Development and Social Policy

A child's concept of race is quite different from that of an adult. Young children perceive skin color as magical--even changeable--and unlike adults, are incapable of understanding adult predjudices surrounding race and racism. Just as children learn to walk and talk, they likewise come to understand race in a series of predictable stages.

Based on Marguerite A. Wright's research and clinical experience, I'm Chocolate, You're Vanilla teaches us that the color-blindness of early childhood can, and must, be taken advantage of in order to guide the positive development of a child's self-esteem.

Wright answers some fundamental questions about children and race including:

• What do children know and understand about the color of their skin?
• When do children understand the concept of race?
• Are there warning signs that a child is being adversely affected by racial prejudice?
• How can adults avoid instilling in children their own negative perceptions and prejudices?
• What can parents do to prepare their children to overcome the racism they are likely to encounter?
• How can schools lessen the impact of racism?

The need for teachers who have both the knowledge and the skills to teach students in special education, especially students who are emergent bilinguals, is more critical today than ever before. Assumptions about the assurances outlined in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) have led to practices that have limited the scope of opportunities for culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students with disabilities. This book examines the intent of special education policy, challenges existing systems, and explores the promise of using biography-driven instruction to transform students’ learning and enhance their personal growth and community life. With a focus on inclusive practices for working with CLD students with disabilities and their families, the book examines decision-making processes for placement, access, instruction, assessment, and evaluation. The authors show how inclusionary practices create contexts and conditions for teachers to foster their students’ academic abilities through authentic cariño and an ecology of care. Book Features: Elucidates the challenges faced by educators and support personnel as they navigate and prioritize the needs of CLD students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms. Discloses the outdated, politically driven, inequitable, and inconsequential educational opportunities often afforded to CLD students receiving special services. Provides a framework for creating learning opportunities grounded in the six principles of IDEA and the personal and academic biography of learners and their families. Supports teachers and other staff to maximize four interrelated facets of the CLD student biography: sociocultural, linguistic, cognitive, and academic. Explores the multiple meanings of inclusion and academic engagement at the intersection of IDEA and biography-driven instruction.

This must-have handbook offers a comprehensive survey of the field. It reviews the language education policies of Asia, encompassing 30 countries sub-divided by regions, namely East, Southeast, South and Central Asia, and considers the extent to which these are being implemented and with what effect. The most recent iteration of language education policies of each of the countries is described and the impact and potential consequence of any change is critically considered. Each country chapter provides a historical overview of the languages in use and language education policies, examines the ideologies underpinning the language choices, and includes an account of the debates and controversies surrounding language and language education policies, before concluding with some predictions for the future.

Principles and classroom techniques for teaching English language learners A Course for Teaching English Learners combines the fundamental principles of education with practical English language education techniques to help both pre- and in-service educators reach English language students in impactful ways. The text provides background in cultural, linguistic, and sociocultural context, building a comprehensive framework for effective English language education. Uniquely, the text outlines both psychological and sociocultural contexts at play at all school levels, including second-language acquisition hurdles and strategies for teaching content subjects. The 3rd Edition has been updated with a wealth of new and revised content, including new information on evolving certification requirements, modern demographic data, technology-enhanced language learning, translanguaging, and more.

While there are volumes that fall into the category of children's literature, there appears to be relatively few that explore the needs of bilingual learners and the linguistic and sociocultural context of Latino children's literature. This volume makes a needed contribution by addressing the social, cultural, academic, and linguistic needs of Latino bilingual learners who are still underserved through current school practices. We aim to conceptualize different forms of social knowledge so that they can serve as cultural resources for learning, acquiring knowledge, and transforming self and identity. This volume presents a balance of theory, research, and practice that speak to authentic multicultural Latino literature and helps ensure its availability for all students. The intended outcome of this volume then is to create a heightened awareness of the cultural and linguistic capital held by the Latino community, to increase Latino students' social capital through the design of critical pedagogical practices, and for the formulation of a new perspective, that of Latino multicultural literature for children.

This practical resource takes educators through a planning process-from selecting standards to designing learning activities-that weaves together language, literacy, and science in ways that are responsive to emergent bilinguals. Drawing on extensive and current research, the authors show how secondary educators can use students' own language and lived experiences, coupled with authentic science practices, to provide rich and relevant language support. Using a science unit as a shared text, readers will learn how to gather rich knowledge about emergent bilinguals, unpack the ideas and language demands of Next Generation Science Standards, strategically embed language and literacy standards in the curriculum, and sequence learning activities around an anchoring phenomenon, a text, and an assessment. In the process, readers will come away with a repertoire of planning tools and examples of how to support emergent bilinguals in using language to collaborate with others and to interpret and produce texts that are central to learning and doing science. Planning Science Instruction for Emergent Bilinguals blends theory and practice so readers understand both how and why this planning process can be used to disrupt social inequity for emergent bilinguals. Book Features: Describes intentional decisions that educators can make when planning a science unit or learning experience. Shows how to weave together Next Generation Science Standards, Common Core English Language Arts Standards, and language development. Provides a model unit about kelp forest ecosystems to illustrate how theory is translated into practice. Demonstrates how to use emergent bilinguals' assets (linguistic skills, family experiences, personal interests) to create engaging science instruction. Provides a set of planning tools, including both blank templates and completed examples, to guide educators through the planning process.

This popular resource has transformed classrooms for thousands of teachers by providing how-to guidance for success with culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students. It illustrates how to use strategies that recognize and leverage all the cultural and linguistic assets that students bring to their learning. This new edition situates biography-driven instruction at the intersection of culturally responsive teaching, culturally sustaining pedagogies, and antiracist education. Herrera provides updated vignettes and student work artifacts to reflect the diversity of learners in today's historically and culturally situated spaces. Teaching strategies, tools, and interactional processes provide practical, proven ways to restructure classrooms for relational equity. Increased attention on each learner's biopsychosocial history will help educators to cultivate classroom ecologies that nurture and challenge CLD learners to reach their potentials. With lesson planning and strategy templates, tips for grouping students, teacher reflections, assessment aids, a classroom observation tool, and more features to foster classroom and schoolwide change, this edition shows teachers and administrators how to take the next steps toward critical consciousness and authentic relationships that will accelerate content learning and foster more extensive use and development of language. Book Features: Lesson planning guide that can be used with any curriculum. Strategy tools and templates to foster engaged learning. Voices of CLD families that highlight benefits of asset-driven practices. Journaling process for critical reflection on assumptions and perspectives. Book study discussion guide to scaffold collaboration and goal setting. Classroom observation tool for coaching, mentoring, and self-assessment.

In French Immersion Ideologies in Canada , Sylvie Roy gives voices to people on their experiences related to French immersion programs in Alberta, Canada. Using a sociolinguistics for change approach, she interprets questions related to language ideologies. She examines reasons people learn French as an additional language and why some students are asked to learn English first. She also reflects on what it means to become or to be bilingual or multilingual in the global world. Roy discusses teachers and learners' linguistic and cultural practices and examines transculturality for the future. By questioning concepts taken from participants' discourses, this book explores an understanding of how power is reproduced, who is marginalized in the process, and what can be done to deconstruct ideologies about learning and teaching French in Canada and in the world. Roy demonstrates complex issues related to French and the consequences for learners, parents, teachers and administrators.

It was a dark and stormy night in Santa Barbara. January 19, 2017. The next day's inauguration drumroll played on the evening news. Huddled around a table were nine Corwin authors and their publisher, who together have devoted their careers to equity in education. They couldn't change the weather, they couldn't heal a fractured country, but they did have the power to put their collective wisdom about EL education upon the page to ensure our multilingual learners reach their highest potential. Proudly, we introduce you now to the fruit of that effort: Breaking Down the Wall: Essential Shifts for English Learners' Success. In this first-of-a-kind collaboration, teachers and leaders, whether in small towns or large urban centers, finally have both the research and the practical strategies to take those first steps toward excellence in educating our culturally and linguistically diverse children. It's a book to be celebrated because it means we can throw away the dark glasses of deficit-based approaches and see children who come to school speaking a different home language for what they really are: learners with tremendous assets. The authors' contributions are arranged in nine chapters that become nine tenets for teachers and administrators to use as calls to actions in their own efforts to realize our English learners' potential: 1. From Deficit-Based to Asset-Based 2. From Compliance to Excellence 3. From Watering Down to Challenging 4. From Isolation to Collaboration 5. From Silence to Conversation 6. From Language to Language, Literacy, and Content 7. From Assessment of Learning to Assessment for and as Learning 8. From Monolingualism to Multilingualism 9. From Nobody Cares to Everyone/Every Community Cares Read this book; the chapters speak to one another, a melodic echo of expertise, classroom vignettes, and steps to take. To shift the status quo is neither fast nor easy, but there is a clear process, and it's laid out here in Breaking Down the Wall. To distill it into a single line would go something like this: if we can assume mutual ownership, if we can connect instruction to all children's personal, social, cultural, and linguistic identities, then all students will achieve.

This book provides targeted suggestions that educators can use to ensure successful teaching and learning with today's growing population of transnational, multilingual students. The text offers insights based on the author's observations, interactions, and interviews with second-generation immigrant children, their families, and their teachers in the United States and South Korea. These collected stories give educators a better understanding of how elementary school children engage in language, literacy, and learning in and across spaces and countries; the forms of unique linguistic and cultural knowledge immigrant children build, expand, and mobilize as they move across contexts; the ways in which immigrant children position themselves and represent their identities; and how educators and researchers can honor these children's identities and unique talents. Featuring children's narratives, drawings, writings, maps, and photographs, this resource is must-reading for educators and researchers seeking to create more inclusive learning spaces and literacy practices.Book Features: Examples of students' literacy practices with insights for more effective teaching. Practical lessons gleaned from children engaging with language and literacy in flexible and dynamic ways in their everyday lives. Targeted suggestions to help educators better understand and utilize children's unique linguistic abilities and cultural understandings. Discussion questions and examples that challenge deficit perspectives of immigrant children and reposition them as multilingual and transnational experts. Implications for educators and researchers seeking ways to amplify young immigrant children's voices and leverage their knowledge.

This books offers more explicit approaches to implementing co-teaching at the classroom level. It provides in-depth explanations of the various models of co-teaching, including the advantages and challenges of each configuration and clear accounts of each teacher's role and responsibilities.

This handbook applies proven techniques, derived from bilingual/bicultural classrooms, to teaching literacy in the twenty-first century. Its goal is to help teachers increase their understanding of bilingual learners in order to maximize instruction. Teachers can use this handbook to expand their understanding of literacy and bilingualism; implement literacy approaches and assess students' development; and learn through reflection. Practical, flexible format and content. Complete and straightforward instructions, illustrated by case studies, allow teachers to use the strategies in this handbook on their own or in teacher-led study groups. They can select from the variety of approaches the ones which best match their students' needs and their own teaching style. Student-centered focus. All of the approaches share characteristics that help motivate students of varying language abilities to develop literacy. Field-tested approaches. The approaches have been modified and tested with bilingual students of different ages and language backgrounds in bilingual, ESL, mainstream, special education, and deaf education classes ranging from preschool through high school. New in the Second Edition: *five new approaches with their corresponding classroom implementation; *additional information in each introduction addressing its theme; *new material on issues of language, culture, and literacy development of students completely new to the English language; and *annotated bibliographies with sample books to support literacy within language and content area classes. Literacy and Bilingualism is intended for a broad audience of teachers in any type of classroom where bilingualism plays a role, and is an excellent text for preservice and inservice courses that prepare teachers to work with English language learners.

This book is for teachers, teacher educators, school and district administrators, policy makers, and researchers who want to know about literacy, cultural diversity, and students who speak little or no English. It offers a rich picture of the incredible diversity of students who enter secondary school as immigrants-their abilities, their needs, and their aspirations. The studies reported are part of a large longitudinal study of about 25,000 immigrant students in a district in which the policy is English-only instruction. These studies: *provide multiple views of the students' lives and their success in schools where the language of instruction differs from the languages they speak with their friends and families; *explore the students' views of teaching and learning; *describe the potential differences between the students views and those of their teachers; *look at issues related to students' views of their identities as they work, study, and socialize in a new environment; and *examine different reading models designed to facilitate the learning of English as a second language (ESL). Educators and researchers will find the descriptions of students' simultaneous learning of English and of academic content relevant to their view of whether instruction should be English only or bilingual. For teachers who view multicultural education as an important endeavor, this book may on occasion surprise them and at other times confirm their views. The author does not attempt to develop a particular political viewpoint about which approach works best with immigrant students. Rather, the objective of the studies was to develop a full, rich description of the lives of immigrant high school students enrolled in classes where the medium of instruction is English. The reader is left to evaluate the results.

This book introduces the application of drama and arts-related activities to the teaching of English as a second or additional language in early education. Joe Winston draws on both his own scholarly expertise and experience as a practitioner to provide a theoretical rationale, practical examples, tips and easy-to-read teaching guides intended to help busy professionals apply drama related methods in an efficient and accessible way. Detailed examples of schemes of work are included for all year groups and developmental stages between the ages of 3 and 7 years of age. Each scheme centres on a popular and easily obtainable picturebook or children's story. Detailed guidance on how to plan and structure lessons with specific learning objectives is offered, as is extensive advice on issues of classroom management. The practical approaches have been used successfully in early years settings in China and primary and pre-primary settings in the UK, and are adaptable to a variety of national and cultural contexts.

Refugees face transitions in their lives: on an individual, a social and a cultural level. This book covers various aspects of these transitions and their intersections with educational experiences. Studies from different country contexts show the complex relationships between individual, culture, society and institutions. Examining these relationships and experiences during transitional processes aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the different types of transitions in the context of refugee education, which may lead to an improvement of support structures in the future. The aim of this book is to present various aspects of transitions that refugees are facing in their lives and the intersections among these transitions and refugee education. Chapters from different country contexts reveal how refugees engage in several transitional processes due to movement between different countries, their settlement in a new country, as well as the transitions that are inherent to their life-course. Examining the various aspects of such relationships and experiences during transitional processes may help to understand the typologies of different transitions in the context of refugee education. Transitional processes that the chapters of the book tackle include educational transitions, transformative transitions, cultural transitions as well as social transitions from various refugee groups' perceptions including parents, students, teachers and unaccompanied minors. Several chapters discuss how experience of transition is influenced by rules, regulations, and responses of micro and macro environments, such as local community, institutions, governments at the national and international levels while some other specifically indicate the aspects of transitions taking place in schools.

Erotic slang words from Great Britain, Canada, the United States, Australia, and other English-speaking nations number well into the tens of thousands. But the history of terms used to describe the sexual activities of gays and lesbians have opposing sources: one, the discreet networks of gay men and lesbians who sought to come up with a new terminology for the pleasures of their secret lives; and the other, those who found gay sexuality repellent, and created phrases that denigrated and insulted its proponents. The result? A coded language, for better or worse, that celebrates sexuality in all its queerness.

A.D. Peterkin shows how euphemism, camp humor, rhyme, acronym, foreign language, mythology, metaphor, and secret code have all been recruited imaginatively by gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals to name what was thought to be unnamable.

As a new generation of African Americans completes college, an increasing number of students are aspiring to the Ph.D. as a stepping stone to a career in the academy and to fully participate in shaping our society. Most African Americans are conscious that they are the first in their families to embark on this journey. They are aware they will meet barriers and prejudice, are likely to face isolation and frustration, and find few sources of support along the way.This book, by twenty-four Black scholars who have been there, offers a guide to aspiring doctoral students to the formal process and to the personal, emotional and intellectual challenges they are likely to face. The authors come from a wide range of disciplines from computing, education and literature to science and sociology. Although their experiences and backgrounds are as varied as they are as individuals, their richly diverse chapters cohere into a rounded guide to the issues for those who follow in their footsteps.From questioning the reader about his or her reasons for pursuing a doctorate, offering advice on financial issues, the choice of university and doctoral program, and relocation, through the process and timetable of application, interviews, acceptance and rejection, the authors go on to describe their own journeys and the lessons they have learned.These men and women write candidly about their experiences, the strategies they used to maintain their motivation, make the transition from HBCUs to PWIs, balance family and work, make the right choices and keep focussed on priorities. They discuss how to work effectively with advisors and mentors, make all-important connections with teachers and build professional and personal support networks. They recount how they dealt with tokenism, established credibility, handled racism, maintained their values and culture, and persuaded supervisors to legitimize their research interests in African American issues. This is both an inspirational and practical book for every African American considering pursuit of a doctoral degree."

More than 5 million English learners attend U.S. public schools-and yet fewer than 3% of teachers are certified to work with them. Fill that gap in teacher education with this practical and comprehensive textbook, an evidence-based guide to providing English learners in Pre-K-Grade 6 with explicit, systematic instruction on language and literacy fundamentals. Aligned with IDA's Knowledge and Practice Standards, this book prepares current and future educators to teach English learners the key components of language and literacy, as first described in the National Literacy Panel report. For each component, teachers will get a dedicated chapter with research-based insights on how to teach English learners, guidance on making connections across languages when teaching that component, and ready-to-use principles and strategies for instruction. Learning objectives, study questions, and extended application activities help educators grow their knowledge and apply it in their classrooms. An essential text for courses on literacy foundations and biliteracy-and an ideal in-service professional development resource-this accessible book will give teachers the knowledge base they need to help English learners develop strong literacy skills and achieve academic success. Prepare teachers to: Enter their classroom with a full understanding of the language and literacy development of English learners Teach English learners the key components of language and literacy: phonological awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency, comprehension, spelling, and writing skills Apply insights from current, reliable research on how best to teach English learners Use specific, evidence-based principles, strategies, activities, and sample teacher-student dialogues to guide and strengthen instruction Leverage technology to adapt and enhance instruction for English learners Online companion materials included: Faculty will get helpful PowerPoint slides for each chapter, plus sample syllabi that show how to use this book in your course.

"A Place To Be Navajo" is the only book-length ethnographic account of a revolutionary Indigenous self-determination movement that began in 1966 with the Rough Rock Demonstration School. Called "Dine Bi'olta', " The People's School, in recognition of its status as the first American Indian community-controlled school, Rough Rock was the first to teach in the Native language and to produce a body of quality children's literature by and about Navajo people. These innovations have positioned the school as a leader in American Indian and bilingual/bicultural education and have enabled school participants to wield considerable influence on national policy. This book is a critical life history of this singular school and community.
McCarty's account grows out of 20 years of ethnographic work by the author with the "Dine" (Navajo) community of Rough Rock. The story is told primarily through written text, but also through the striking black-and-white images of photographer Fred Bia, a member of the Rough Rock community. Unlike most accounts of Indigenous schooling, this study involves the active participation of Navajo community members. Their oral testimony and that of other leaders in Indigenous/Navajo education frame and texture the account.
Informed by critical theories of education, this book is not just the story of a single school and community. It is also an inquiry into the larger struggle for self-determination by Indigenous and other minoritized communities, raising issues of identity, voice, and community empowerment. "A Place To Be Navajo" asks whether school can be a place where children learn, question, and grow in an environment that values and builds upon who they are. The author argues that the questions Rough Rock raises, and the responses they summon, implicate us all.

How to link research to practice in TESOL methodology? This textbook arises out of a need that has existed for years: for trained TESOL teachers to understand both qualitative and quantitative research methods. It proposes that mixed methods research (MMR) meets that need by combining the best aspects of both research traditions. Divided into 3 main sections, each chapter illustrates core principles in practice, using case studies of English teaching worldwide. Written specifically for those studying TESOL teaching, this textbook is the first to teach methods and practice in a global context. In linking to the latest developments in the field, it introduces TESOL teachers to MMR in a reflective and accessible manner. It includes guided tasks in each chapter. It presents extracts and summaries of MMR studies from the TESOL literature and recommends further reading. It covers core topics from vocabulary and grammar, to teaching writing, speaking and listening.

This singular new textbook is both an introduction to the major theories of second language acquisition and a practical proposal for their application to language learning courses. It explains and evaluates these theories, and focuses on recent research that has enriched thinking about the best ways to facilitate communicative effectiveness in an L2. It then suggests practical applications regarding language planning, curriculum development, pedagogy, materials development, teacher development, and assessment, establishing a tangible connection between theory and practice. Unlike many SLA books which are narrowly focused on the acquisition of language, it explores the roles of factors such as pragmatics, para-linguistic signals, gesture, semiotics, multi-modality, embodied language, and brain activity in L2 communication. SLA Applied connects research-based theories to the authors' and students' real-life experiences in the classroom, and stimulates reflection and creativity through the inclusion of Readers' Tasks in every chapter. This engaging and relevant text is suitable for students in Applied Linguistics or TESOL courses, trainee teachers, researchers, and practitioners.

Supporting children with English as an additional language (EAL) requires detailed knowledge and understanding of their social, cognitive and linguistic needs. Supporting Pupils with EAL in the Primary Classroom highlights the fundamental principles that underpin teaching and learning, and examines practical strategies for classroom practice. The book focuses on the importance of recognising the knowledge, skills and experience that children with EAL bring to the classroom, whilst identifying the specific support required. It draws on evidence from an extended case study to illustrate essential points and combines this with an examination of relevant theory as well as how this translates to classroom practice. Key features of the book include: * Core knowledge and skills about how to support children with EAL * Case study scenarios to illustrate particular principles, pedagogies and practices * Practical ideas for the classroom throughout Supporting Pupils with EAL in the Primary Classroom is an invaluable text for those in teaching training, qualified teachers, senior managers in schools and those working in initial teacher education. "The author writes about the demands of teaching EAL learners with commitment, knowledge and enthusiasm. She offers the reader insights and examples from her own research and classroom practice, beginning with a discussion of bilingualism and language learning, followed up by an exploration the four skills and assessment in the classroom, as well as a chapter arguing for professional development and research informed teaching. In this chapter she stresses the importance of teachers finding innovative ways to enable EAL learners within the curriculum context. In the final chapter, drawing on the sociocultural framework that informs her work, the author discusses the challenges, constraints and possibilities for supporting EAL children in the wider contexts of pedagogy and policy. Throughout, there are case studies and examples, and the author writes with a sense of optimism that it is in the capacity of teachers to improve the classroom learning opportunities for EAL learners. Written in a personable and accessible style, this book offers an informative foundation for teacher educators and professionals who want to learn more about working with EAL learners." Dr Charlotte Franson, formerly of Canterbury Christ Church University, UK "As a teacher educator, I am often engaged in discussions around trainees' perceptions of the complexities of teaching children learning EAL. This book, rooted in practice based research provides an accessible and informative scaffold for those embarking on a career in teaching. The premise of the 'what' and 'how' is particularly useful and the sequence of chapters provides a well mapped journey for the reader, through the theory, practice and considerations of supporting children learning EAL. Exemplification, through the case study vignettes, poses reflective thinking points that can be readily applied to one's own practice. Overall, excellent practitioner guidance that both consolidates subject knowledge and provides realistic practice guidance. A title I will be heartily recommending to my students." Gill Chambers, Senior Lecturer in Education, University of Northampton, UK

Der UEbergang von der Grundschule zur weiterfuhrenden Schule wird noch immer als Meilenstein in der Lernbiographie von Schulerinnen und Schulern betrachtet. Seit der Einfuhrung des Englischunterrichts im Primarstufenbereich ist die Umsetzung dessen am UEbergang ein zentrales Thema fur Englischlehrkrafte der Grundschulen und weiterfuhrenden Schulen. Die Autorin greift diese Thematik auf und setzt sich mit der Frage auseinander, welche Rolle die Lehr-Lern-Einstellungen der Englischlehrkrafte bei der Gestaltung des UEbergangs spielen. Im Rahmen einer interschulischen Kooperation von Englischlehrkraften setzt die Autorin Frageboegen und Leitfadeninterviews ein, um deren Einstellungen zu erfassen und Faktoren zu erheben, die eine langerfristige interschulische Kooperation begunstigen. Diese Studie enthalt zusatzliche Informationen als Anhang. Sie koennen hier heruntergeladen werden