This book discusses state estimation and control procedures for a low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The authors consider the use of robust adaptive Kalman filter algorithms and demonstrate their advantages over the optimal Kalman filter in the context of the difficult and varied environments in which UAVs may be employed. Fault detection and isolation (FDI) and data fusion for UAV air-data systems are also investigated, and control algorithms, including the classical, optimal, and fuzzy controllers, are given for the UAV. The performance of different control methods is investigated and the results compared. State Estimation and Control of Low-Cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicles covers all the important issues for designing a guidance, navigation and control (GNC) system of a low-cost UAV. It proposes significant new approaches that can be exploited by GNC system designers in the future and also reviews the current literature. The state estimation, control and FDI methods are illustrated by examples and MATLAB (R) simulations. State Estimation and Control of Low-Cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicles will be of interest to both researchers in academia and professional engineers in the aerospace industry. Graduate students may also find it useful, and some sections are suitable for an undergraduate readership.

Long before the space race captured the world's attention, K. E. Tsiolkovskii first conceived of multi-stage rockets that would later be adapted as the basis of both the U.S. and Soviet rocket programs.
Often called the grandfather of Russian rocketry, this provincial scientist was even sanctioned by Stalin to give a speech from Red Square on May Day 1935, lauding the Soviet technological future while also dreaming and expounding on his own visions of conquering the cosmos. Later, the Khrushchev regime used him as a "poster boy" for Soviet excellence during its Cold War competition with the United States. Ironically, some revisionists have since pointed to such blatant promotion by the Communist Party in an attempt to downplay Tsiolkovskii's scientific contributions.
James T. Andrews explores the complexities of this man to show that Tsiolkovskii was much more than either a rocket inventor or a propaganda tool. He was a science popularizer, novelist, technical inventor, and visionary, whose science fiction writings included futuristic drawings of space stations long before they appeared on any engineer's drawing board.
Mining a myriad of Russian archives, Andrews produces not only a biographical account but also a study of Soviet technological propaganda, local science education, public culture in the 1920s and 1930s, and the cultural ramifications of space flight.

This thesis proposes new power converter topologies suitable for aircraft systems. It also proposes both AC-DC and DC-DC types of converters for different electrical loads to improve the performance these systems. To increase fuel efficiency and reduce environmental impacts, less efficient non-electrical aircraft systems are being replaced by electrical systems. However, more electrical systems requires more electrical power to be generated in the aircraft. The increased consumption of electrical power in both civil and military aircrafts has necessitated the use of more efficient electrical power conversion technologies. This book presents acomprehensive mathematical analysis and the design and digital simulation of the power converters. Subsequently it discusses the construction of the hardware prototypes of each converter and the experimental tests carried out to verify the benefits of the proposed solutions in comparison to the existing solutions.

New Horizons: Reconnaissance of the Pluto-Charon System and the Kuiper Belt C. T. Russell Originally published in the journal Space Science Reviews, Volume 140, Nos 1-4, 1-2. DOI: 10. 1007/s11214-008-9450-0 (c) Springer Science+Business Media B. V. 2008 Exploration is mankind's imperative. Since the beginnings of civilization, men and women have not been content to build a wall around their settlements and stay within its con nes. They explored the land around them, climbed the mountains, and scanned the horizons. The boldest among them pushed exploration to the most distant frontiers of the planet. As a result, much of the Earth was inhabited well before the days of the renowned European - th th plorers of the 15 and 16 centuries. Exploration did not cease, after the circumnavigation of the globe; it continued to the present. Today explorers are going in new directions, not just east and west, north and south. They explore backward in time and upward in space. Arc- ology explores the shorter time scales, and geochemistry the longer time scales of geophy- cal events: asteroidal and cometary collisions, magnetic reversals, continental formation and more. However, on Earth we cannot go back inde nitely, for much of the evidence of the very earliest days has been lost.

A jaw-dropping microhistory of the global economy over the last fifty years told through the many lives of a single ship.

At 94 meters long and 9,500 deadweight tonnes, once called the Bibby Resolution, is an unremarkable hulk, crossing the oceans unnoticed. And yet, the astonishing journey of this boat can tell us the story of the modern world.

First built as a Swedish offshore oil rig in the 1970s, it went on to become a barracks for British soldiers in the Falklands War in the 1980s, a jail off New York in the 1990s, a prison in Portland in the 2000s, and accommodation for Nigerian oil workers off the coast of Africa in the 2010s. It has been called Safe Esperia, HMP The Weare, even 'The Love Boat'. In each of its lives this empty vessel has been commanded by economic forces much larger than itself: private investment, war, mass incarceration, imperial interests, national sovereignty, inflation, booms, busts and greed.

Through its encounters with a world of island tax havens, the English court system, exploited labour forces, free banking zones or immigration politics, the ordinary boat at the heart of this story reveals our complex modern economy to us, connecting the dots of a dramatically changing world in the making, and warning us of its dangerous consequences.

First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This textbook draws on the authors' experience gained by teaching courses for engineering students on e.g. vehicle mechanics, vehicle system design, and chassis design; and on their practical experience as engineering designers for vehicle and chassis components at a major automotive company. The book is primarily intended for students of automotive engineering, but also for all technicians and designers working in this field. Other enthusiastic engineers will also find it to be a useful technical guide. The present volume (The Automotive Chassis - Volume 2: System Design) focuses on the automotive chassis as a system, providing readers with the knowledge needed to integrate the individual components described in Volume 1 in a complex system that satisfies customers' expectations. Special emphasis is given to factors influencing system performance, including: - the influence of the powertrain on vehicle performance. Conventional, hybrid and electric powertrains are considered; - factors influencing vehicles' handling performance; - factors influencing vehicles' comfort performance; and - factors influencing vehicles' stability and strategies for accident avoidance (active safety). In addition, this second volume thoroughly covers topics that are usually neglected in other books about the automotive chassis, such as: - the basics of vehicle aerodynamics; - internal combustion engines, electric motors and batteries; and - mathematical modeling tools. This thoroughly revised second edition has been updated to reflect the latest advances in electric and hybrid vehicles, electronic control systems and autonomous driving.

The book provides an introduction to the mechanics of composite materials, written for graduate students and practitioners in industry. It examines ways to model the impact event, to determine the size and severity of the damage and discusses general trends observed during experiments.

Autonomous driving is an emerging field. Vehicles are equipped with different systems such as radar, lidar, GPS etc. that enable the vehicle to make decisions and navigate without user's input, but there are still concerns regarding safety and security. This book analyses the security needs and solutions which are beneficial to autonomous driving.

Thematerialsusedinmanufacturingtheaerospace, aircraft, automobile, andnuclear parts have inherent aws that may grow under uctuating load environments during the operational phase of the structural hardware. The design philosophy, material selection, analysis approach, testing, quality control, inspection, and manufacturing are key elements that can contribute to failure prevention and assure a trouble-free structure. To have a robust structure, it must be designed to withstand the envir- mental load throughout its service life, even when the structure has pre-existing aws or when a part of the structure has already failed. If the design philosophy of the structure is based on the fail-safe requirements, or multiple load path design, partial failure of a structural component due to crack propagation is localized and safely contained or arrested. For that reason, proper inspection technique must be scheduled for reusable parts to detect the amount and rate of crack growth, and the possible need for repairing or replacement of the part. An example of a fail-sa- designed structure with crack-arrest feature, common to all aircraft structural parts, is the skin-stiffened design con guration. However, in other cases, the design p- losophy has safe-life or single load path feature, where analysts must demonstrate that parts have adequate life during their service operation and the possibility of catastrophic failure is remote. For example, all pressurized vessels that have single load path feature are classi ed as high-risk parts. During their service operation, these tanks may develop cracks, which will grow gradually in a stable mann

Global Automobile Demand is a two-volume work analysing the impact of the Great Recession and the structural factors which shape automobile demand in developed and emerging countries. The second volume examines the automobile demand in the BRICS and other emerging countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China, Turkey, Mexico, Thailand and Malaysia.

Contents:
List of figures
Acknowledgements
Glossary
1. INTRODUCTION
Travelling and representation, travelling as representation
Mobility and the Tôkaidô as Scholarly Subjects
Structure of the Book
2. INFRASTRUCTURE AND CARTOGRAPHY OF THE TOKAIDO IN MACRO
THE TOKAIDO AS A GEOPOLITICAL TERRITORY
INFRASTRUCTURE UPON THE TOKAIDO ROUTE
Inland Infrastructure in the Edo Period
The Tôkaidô as a Highway
The Introduction of the Railroad
THE TOKAIDO'S CARTOGRAPHY
Roadmaps in the Eido Period
Popular and Official Roadmaps
From Scriptual to Visual Cartography
Roadmaps in the Meiji Era
Railway Maps of the Maiji Era
Representational Character in Meiji Era's Road-Cartography
From Absolute Space to Abstract Space
3. TRAVELLING PRACTICES AND LITERARY TOKAIDO
ROAD COSMOLOGY - THE ROAD AS A MICROCOSM
TRAVELLING PRACTICES OF THE EDO PERIOD
Reasons for Travelling
Travellers-Positions
Meiji Era's Travelling
LITERARY TOKAIDO
Travel Literature in the Edo Period
Travel Literature in the Meiji Era
A Geographical Treatise: Nihon fûkeiron (Theory of the Japanese Landscape)
Literary Nostalgia
4. PERFORMANCE, VISUALITY AND IMAGINATION AT THE TOKAIDO'S MICRO-SCALE
TRANSPORTATION-STATIONS: SPACES OF PERFORMANCE, SPACES OF REPRESENTATION
Physical and Anthropological Characteristics of Post-Stations
Railway Stations as Border-sites: Between Performance and Spectacle
TOKAIDO AND VISUALITY
Pictorial Tôkaidô in the Edo Period
The Tôkaidô in the Official Arts of the Edo Period
The Tôkaidô in the Popular Arts of the Edo Period
Recurring Characteristics in Edo Period's Travel Representations
Pictorial Tôkaidô in the Meiji Era
Recording Reality through the Lens of Ukiyo-e
The Tôkaidô in Nihonga
The Tôkaidô through Western Eyes
The Tôkaidô Subject through a Prism of Modern Attitudes
Influences and Anachronisms: From the West to Japan, From Japan to the West
5. CONCLUSIONS AND OPENINGS: THE TOKAIDO AS MEDIUM OF NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE
NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND EPISTEMOLOGY
Japan as History/Japan as Nature
Technology as Expansion of Nature
Geography as National Ideology
Recasting History as Progress
HISTORY AS NOSTALGIA, HISTORY AS PLAY
Tôkaidô Renaissance
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NOTES

Air traffic controllers need advanced information and automated systems to provide a safe environment for everyone traveling by plane. One of the primary challenges in developing training for automated systems is to determine how much a trainee will need to know about the underlying technologies to use automation safely and efficiently. To ensure safety and success, task analysis techniques should be used as the basis of the design for training in automated systems in the aviation and aerospace industries. Automated Systems in the Aviation and Aerospace Industries is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of underlying technologies used to enforce automation safety and efficiency. While highlighting topics such as expert systems, text mining, and human-machine interface, this publication explores the concept of constructing navigation algorithms, based on the use of video information and the methods of the estimation of the availability and accuracy parameters of satellite navigation. This book is ideal for aviation professionals, researchers, and managers seeking current research on information technology used to reduce the risk involved in aviation.

Although the United States Air Force was founded upon strategic bombardment theory and advocacy, the service has traditionally had tremendous difficulty in obtaining the adequate funding for bombers that it requires to fulfill its mandate. For more than 45 years, senior Air Force leaders, both military and civilian, have struggled to convince decision-makers in the White House and in Congress that modern manned bomber forces were needed, acceptable, and affordable. In this study, Donnini produces one of the most exhaustive analyses ever undertaken of Congressional subcommittee decision-making in the funding of defense procurement initiatives. He concludes that no program achieved measurable success of deployment with the original force structure requested; and only two, the B-1B and B-2A, received approval to acquire lesser numbers of aircraft for operational use. Donnini found that an important part of each new bomber program appeared to be funding support through federal appropriations. If the right amounts were appropriated, the programs survived; if lesser amounts were given, chances for program failure were good; however, was funding support the deciding factor? This book used multiple case studies and the unorthodox methodology of applied content analysis of Congressional budget hearings to examine Air Force efforts to fund the most recent main bombers it sought (the B-70, B-1A, B-1B, and B-2A) and to determine measurements of success. The author's findings have implications concerning the way the United States handles procurement initiatives for major new weapon systems considered fundamental necessities for national defense.

This book presents technologies and solutions related to the test and launch control of rockets and other vehicles, and offers the first comprehensive and systematic introduction to the contributions of the Chinese Long March (Chang Zheng in Chinese, or abbreviated as CZ) rockets in this field. Moreover, it discusses the role of this technology in responsive, reliable, and economical access to space, which is essential for the competitiveness of rockets. The need for rapid development of the aerospace industry for both governmental and commercial projects is addressed. This book is a valuable reference resource for practitioners, and many examples and resources are included, not only from Chinese rockets but also from many other vehicles. It covers guidelines, technologies, and solutions on testing and launch control before rocket takeoff, covering equipment-level testing, system-level testing, simulation tests, etc.

Contents:
Preface to the Second Edition. Acknowledgements. Introduction. General Items. Preambles. 1. Railway Construction Measured Rates 2. Signalling 3. AC Electrification 4. DC Electrification 5. Permanent Way 6. Telecommunications 7. Property - New Build 8. Property - Refurbishment 9. Level Crossings 10. Bridges 11. Tunnels 12. General Civil Appendices. Useful Addresses. Acronyms and Common Terms. Regional Factors. International Location Factors. Index.

The objective of this Workshop is to confront models, methods and tools developed within the projects with the ongoing research worldwide and to provide an environment for fruitful exchange of ideas. The main topics are: 1. Advanced human models in transportation. 2. Human Errors and Risk Assessment in design processes of assistance systems. 3. Methods and tools to prevent erroneous behaviour to mitigate its consequences. The Workshop will consist of 10 keynote lectures as well as approximately 28 peer reviewed papers.

This book introduces a holistic approach to ship design and its optimisation for life-cycle operation. It deals with the scientific background of the adopted approach and the associated synthesis model, which follows modern computer aided engineering (CAE) procedures. It integrates techno-economic databases, calculation and multi-objective optimisation modules and s/w tools with a well-established Computer-Aided Design (CAD) platform, along with a Virtual Vessel Framework (VVF), which will allow virtual testing before the building phase of a new vessel. The resulting graphic user interface (GUI) and information exchange systems enable the exploration of the huge design space to a much larger extent and in less time than is currently possible, thus leading to new insights and promising new design alternatives. The book not only covers the various stages of the design of the main ship system, but also addresses relevant major onboard systems/components in terms of life-cycle performance to offer readers a better understanding of suitable outfitting details, which is a key aspect when it comes the outfitting-intensive products of international shipyards. The book disseminates results of the EU funded Horizon 2020 project HOLISHIP.

Looking back when the International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Application (AMAA) started, enormous progress has been made in reducing casualties, emissions and in increasing comfort and performance. Microsystems in many cases provided the key functions for this progress. Although the issues the event concentrated on didn t change significantly (safety, powertrain, comfort, etc.), considerable shifts of technological paradigms and approaches can be stated.

The future of microsystems will consist of integrated smart systems which are able to diagnose a situation, to describe and to qualify it. They will be able to identify and mutually address each other. They will be predictive and therefore they will be able to decide and help to decide. Smart systems will enable the automobile to interact with the environment, they will perform multiple tasks and assist a variety of activities. Smart systems will be highly reliable, often networked and energy autonomous.

There is a coincidence of the AMAA objectives and those of EPoSS, the European Technology Platform on Smart Systems Integration, contributing intensively to the development of automotive-specific smart systems. You will find a series of the EPoSS items in the programme of the 11th AMAA, which continues to be a unique exchange forum for companies in the automotive value chain.

The publication in hand also reflects these issues. It is a cut-out of new technological priorities in the area of microsystems-based smart devices and opens up a mid-term perspective of future smart systems applications in automobiles.

Additional information is available on www.amaa.de"

A concise volume exploring the basic fundamentals of modern laser communication systems, this book provides comprehensive information from a system designer's point of view. The book provides a thorough review of history, architectures, design methodologies, optical design guidelines, and tracking and communication processes. It explains exactly how to design a laser communication system and its potential applications.