Anyone writing texts in English is constantly faced with the unavoidable question whether to use open spelling (drinking fountain), hyphenation (far-off) or solid spelling (airport) for individual compounds. While some compounds commonly occur with alternative spellings, others show a very clear bias for one form. This book tests over 60 hypotheses and explores the patterns underlying the spelling of English compounds from a variety of perspectives. Based on a sample of 600 biconstituent compounds with identical spelling in all reference works in which they occur (200 each with open, hyphenated and solid spelling), this empirical study analyses large amounts of data from corpora and dictionaries and concludes that the spelling of English compounds is not chaotic but actually correlates with a large number of statistically significant variables. An easily applicable decision tree is derived from the data and an innovative multi-dimensional prototype model is suggested to account for the results.

An enjoyable and effective way to learn Japanese kanji! This useful reference book helps self-study and classroom students remember the meanings and pronunciations of 520 essential kanji. An otherwise daunting task, memorization is made easier with this book--which uses mnemonic techniques based on the psychology of learning and memory. Key principles include the use of visual imagery, the visualization of short "stories," and the systematic building-block approach that shows how more complicated characters are constructed from basic elements. This is a practical guide with a clear, concise, and appealing layout; it is well-indexed with easy look-up methods. The kanji in this volume give you the majority of characters you will encounter in daily life, from newspapers to street signs. It also includes the kanji required for the AP Japanese exam and N4 & N5 JLPT tests. Accompanying online audio provides recordings by native Japanese speakers to perfect your pronunciation.

The Routledge Student Guide to English Usage is an invaluable A–Z guide to the appropriate use of English in academic contexts.

The first part of the book covers approximately 4000 carefully selected words, focusing on groups of confusable words that sound alike, look alike or are frequently mixed up. The authors help to solve academic dilemmas, such as correct usage of the apostrophe and the crucial difference between infer and imply. Examples of good usage are drawn from corpora such as the British National Corpus and the Corpus of Contemporary American English.

The second part covers the key characteristics of formal English in a substantial reference section, comprising:

• stylistic features

• punctuation

• English grammar

• the use of numbers

• email writing.

This is the essential reference text for all students working on improving their academic writing skills. Visit the companion website for a range of supporting exercises: www.routledge.com/cw/clark.

Table of Contents

Introduction

How to use this book?

Guide to pronunciation

Main text A-Z

Reference material

Academic writing skills

Grammar tips

Word formation

Numbers and how to use them

Bibliography

Index

You ain't gonna like it: bad grammar's not so bad. - The Times Remember all those grammar rules from school? No? Most of us don't. Mike McCarthy, renowned corpus linguist and co-author of the 900-page Cambridge Grammar of English answers the awkward questions that regularly bother us about English grammar. In this helpful A-Z field guide, McCarthy tells us what the conventional rules are as well as shows us what people are writing or saying now and gives simple reasons why you might choose one or the other so that you can speak and write with confidence. Through witty and entertaining examples pulled from 50 years of teaching, 40 years of field notes picked from books, newspapers, letters, radio and TV, etc., and shamelessly eavesdropping on people's conversations in public spaces, and a British and American English computer database, McCarthy has created a book to browse and enjoy, as well as a useful reference to keep on your bookshelf. Why a Field Guide to grammar? - A to Z format makes it easy to access and to find what you're looking for - Presents solutions to a host of common, everyday grammatical problems - References current events to bring relevance to the grammar (fronted adverbials anyone?) - Looks at historical usage to illustrate how the English language has evolved, and continues to evolve - Gives guidance on appropriate usage where more than one way of saying something exists - Distinguishes between spoken and written grammar where appropriate - includes advice on vocabulary, spelling, pronunciation, punctuation and style - Compares North American and British grammar, and includes Englishes from around the world - Charming drawings to illustrate the playfulness in the English language - Grammar guide backed by data and research True to the Chambers name, this field guide is as much quirky as it is informative. It is the perfect gift for any language lover, student, teacher, struggling parent or carer supporting their child's schooling, the grammar purist or the grammar descriptivist.

First published in 1984, this book was designed to benefit the foreign learner who wishes to grasp the essential basis of English stress so that he or she can go on to predict stress patterns in new words. It is aimed at teachers of English as a foreign language and helps them to communicate English stress effectively to their students. The book bridges the gap between books that are mainly anecdotal or abstract, practical or theoretical, or made up of lists or principles.

This compact, clearly organized, yet inexpensive series can be used as stand-alone or bundled with any mid level reading book where more vocabulary coverage is desired. Designed for independent student use, the book focuses on enriching general and academic vocabulary, as well as strategies, through the use of varied practice and engaging nonfiction readings. The package will include MP3 files so the student can hear words properly pronounced and used in context.

Learning hundreds of useful words, their meanings, and word tips doesn't always come easily, but Vocabulary For Dummies can help by providing the perfect context for enhancing vocabulary skills.

Vocabulary For Dummies helps you learn vocabulary that can enrich your speaking skills. Organized to be used as a reference for common vocabulary questions, this book presents words in easy-to-remember formats. This approach differs from other vocabulary books, which present the words in alphabetical order with no explanation of how they are used in communication. Every chapter is packed with the author's proven tips and tricks for remembering when and how to use a word, and ends with a challenge section so you can see what you have learned.

Increasingly, writing handbooks are seen as over-produced and overpriced. One stands out: The Broadview Guide to Writing is published in an elegant but simple format, and sells for roughly half the price of its fancier-looking competitors. That does not change with the new edition; what does change and stay up-to-date is the content of the book. The seventh Canadian edition brings a substantial re-organization of the contents under three headings: Writing Processes, Writing Mechanics, and Writing Contexts. Coverage of the MLA, APA, Chicago, and CSE styles of documentation has been substantially revised to reflect the most recent updates, including the 2020 APA and 2021 MLA changes. As in earlier editions, the Broadview Guide offers wide ranging coverage of academic argument; of writing and critical thinking; and of writing about literature. Coverage of personal and informal writing is included for the first time-as is a sample literary essay in MLA style (in addition to the sample MLA interdisciplinary essay). The 'How to be Good with Words' chapter (on issues of gender, race, religion etc.) has been extensively revised, as has the material on electronic etiquette.

The fully revised edition of this 'classic' helps teachers give their learners the tools they need to express themselves through a range of stimulating drama contexts. This completely revised edition of the classic title Drama Techniques provides: *150 ideas for interesting and productive fluency practice *a large selection of drama-based techniques which focus learners' attention on communicative tasks or activities *techniques suitable for all levels *clear instructions for the teacher *advice on how to use the techniques in the classroom

The most important and productive statements on the translation of literature from Roman times to the 1920s are collected in this book. Arranged thematically around the main topics which recur over the centuries - power, poetics, universe of discourse, language, education - it contains texts previously unavailable in English, and translated here for the first time from classical, Medieval, and Renaissance Latin, from French and from German. As the first survey of its kind in both scope and selection it argues that translation commands a central position in the shaping of European literatures and cultures.
DEGREESTranslation/History/Culture creates a framework for further study of the history of translation in the West by tracing European historical thought about translation, and discussing the topicality of many of the texts included.

Die Funktion, die im Leben des Menschen der angeblich prosaischen, aber fur seine Existenz notwendigen Tatigkeit - dem Essen - beigemessen wird, bleibt nicht ohne Einfluss auf die Sprache. Ein bemerkbares Forschungsfeld aus der Schnittstelle des Kulinarischen und der Linguistik bilden kulinarische Namen, die einerseits als Verkoerperung diverser Aspekte des menschlichen Lebens und andererseits als Manifestation menschlicher Denkweise und Aktivitat gelten. UEberdies sind sie ein Zeugnis der kulturellen und gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung. In dieser Monografie wird ein UEberblick uber diverse linguistische Zugange zu kulinarischen Namen prasentiert. Das Ziel ist es dabei, kulinarische Namen aus der sprachwissenschaftlichen Perspektive moeglichst holistisch und komplex zu beschreiben.

A Reference Grammar of Chinese is a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to the linguistic structure of Chinese, covering all of the important linguistic features of the language and incorporating insights gained from research in Chinese linguistics over the past thirty years. With contributions from twenty-two leading Chinese linguists, this authoritative guide uses large-scale corpora to provide authentic examples based on actual language use. The accompanying online example databases ensure that a wide range of exemplars are readily available and also allow for new usages to be updated. This design offers a new paradigm for a reference grammar where generalizations can be cross-checked with additional examples and also provide resources for both linguistic studies and language learning. Featuring bilingual term lists, this reference grammar helps readers to access relevant literature in both English and Chinese and is an invaluable reference for learners, teachers and researchers in Chinese linguistics and language processing.

This is the complete beginning-level course for spoken Mandarin Chinese designed to have you speaking quickly and accurately! The Basic Mandarin Chinese series offers a complete introductory Chinese language course specifically designed for native English speakers. These books teach spoken and written Chinese separately, allowing you to focus on the area most important to you, and to learn the spoken and written forms of Chinese at different speeds depending on your available time and interest. The free audio and video recordings included with this book reinforce the content and make the learning process easy. Whether you're learning Mandarin for work, travel or other reasons--the Basic Mandarin Chinese approach of having two separate but integrated "tracks" helps you to learn the language more efficiently and more successfully. Key features of this Chinese textbook and discs include: Clear and detailed pronunciation, grammar and cultural explanations Exercises and activities based on real-life experiences in China Hours of video recordings filmed on location featuring dozens of native speakers in various parts of China and beyond Six hours of native-speaker audio recordings for all the book's dialogues and exercises Special software allowing you to interact with the recordings. This Mandarin textbook is designed to be used with its separately available workbook, Basic Mandarin Chinese--Speaking & Listening Practice Book which provides a range of drills and exercises designed to dramatically enhance your spoken proficiency and improve your Chinese language skills. This book is a new edition of Basic Spoken Chinese. All disc content is alternatively accessible on tuttlepublishing.com/downloadable-content.

This absorbing book introduces the reader to some of the main facets of words as they make their presence felt in everyday use. The author discusses what words are, how we use them, how they originate and change their meaning, how new words are created, as well as their use in speech and literature and many other aspects of these building blocks of language. His purpose is to stimulate, to get the reader to look more closely at the ways of words and to provoke a re-examination of what is often taken for granted. A fascinating insight into an endlessly intriguing subject.

LEARN HOW TO LIFT YOUR CREATIVE WRITING BY EMPLOYING A GOOD WRITING STYLE. Do you want to write more effectively, correctly and in a manner which is appropriate for this brave new world of text speak and blogging? Whether you are a professional writer, or writing for your profession, a journalist, non-fiction writer, or simply a would-be blogger, you will find essential guidance and the latest style rules in this book. It contains firstly a detailed breakdown of both the rules of grammar, punctuation and spelling and, secondly, a guide to making your work readable, structured and well-paced. Unlike any other style guide, it also sets out the new and evolving rules for 21st century writing such as blogging, chatrooms, and even PowerPoint presentations. ABOUT THE SERIES The Teach Yourself Creative Writing series helps aspiring authors tell their story. Covering a range of genres from science fiction and romantic novels, to illustrated children's books and comedy, this series is packed with advice, exercises and tips for unlocking creativity and improving your writing. And because we know how daunting the blank page can be, we set up the Just Write online community at tyjustwrite, for budding authors and successful writers to connect and share.

One of the most comprehensive books on the Hebrew language, it covers all aspects, including word roots and derivatives, prefixes and suffixes, syntax and pronunciation. Filled with features, like historical background on the Hebrew language and grammar, this is an indispensable resource for the study of ancient languages and Biblical texts.