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Books > Language & Literature > Literary & linguistic reference works > Usage guides
La presente obra es una muestra de la pluralidad de consideraciones cientificas que admite el estudio del lexico. Los trabajos aqui reunidos, que versan sobre cuestiones formales o semanticas, de aplicacion general o relativas al espanol, se han elaborado desde variados marcos teoricos y metodologicos (cognitivismo, nanosintaxis, interlinguoculturologia, o teoria de lenguajes formales) y para distintas areas de investigacion linguistica (lexicologia, traduccion, neurolinguistica, dialectologia, fraseologia).
Fachsprache definiert sich als Sprachvarietat: Sie divergiert systematisch von anderen markierten Sprachstilen sowie von dem unmarkierten Neutralstil. Vor diesem Hintergrund ermittelt der Autor die fachsprachlichen Markierungen durch einen innersprachlichen Vergleich. Er arbeitet als Subsystem vier textsyntaktische Umstrukturierungen heraus. Mit dieser Analyse werden das fachsprachliche Outfit und seine Wirkung systematisch erklar-, plan- sowie machbar und fachsprachliches Redigieren, Textoptimierung und auch Fachubersetzung werden lehrbar. Zusatzlich zu den vier Umstrukturierungen ist Fachsprache konstituiert durch zwei spezifische Nominationstechniken. Dies sind die Ergebnisse der zahlreichen Textanalysen und kognitiven Unterrichtsmodelle, die hier vorgelegt werden.
This textbook provides a comprehensive and structured vocabulary for all levels of undergraduate French courses. It offers a broad coverage of the concrete and abstract vocabulary relating to the physical, cultural, social, commercial and political environment, as well as exposure to commonly encountered technical terminology. The book is divided into twenty thematic sections for easy integration into modular courses. Within each section, words and phrases have been grouped into units and broadly "graded" according to likely usefulness and difficulty. There are 750 accompanying exercises for private study and classroom use.
Inevitably, it is in the most commonly used languages that the vocabulary of language testing and assessment is most highly developed, and for which most of the literature has been produced. A multilingual glossary has a significant role to play in encouraging the development of language testing in less widely taught languages. The idea of producing a multilingual glossary of assessment and language testing terms has grown out of the needs experienced by members of the Association of Language Testers in Europe (ALTE) while engaged in work on language testing projects. It is anticipated that this glossary will be of use, not only to members of ALTE, but to many others working in the context of European languages, who are involved in language testing and assessment. The glossary contains entries in ten languages: Catalan, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Irish, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish.
The affective domain and the emotional factors that influence language learning have been of interest in the field of language teaching for a number of years. By proposing a holistic approach to the learning process, this volume takes the position that the language learning experience will be much more effective when both affect and cognition are considered. The eighteen chapters discuss issues such as memory, anxiety, self-esteem, facilitation, autonomy, classroom activities, and assessment from the perspective of affect.
This book addresses the ways in which language learning is related to learning about other cultures and to acquiring an ability to communicate across cultural frontiers. It argues that language learners need to develop sensitivity to cultural difference and its impact on communication, and to acquire the skills of discovering and interpreting other cultures, other values, beliefs and behaviors that lie beneath the surface of cross-cultural communication. Contributors show how drama can be used to develop cultural awareness and how learners can acquire ethnographic skills to help them investigate and understand other cultures and societies.
Die Autorin widmet sich dem Einsatz von Sprachtechnologien in der Technischen Dokumentation. Sie untersucht die steuernden Einflusse von externen Ressourcen auf den kognitiven Schreib- und UEbersetzungsprozess. Im Fokus ihrer Arbeit stehen die Vorteile, aber auch technologischen Grenzen von Controlled-Language-Checkern und Authoring-Memory-Systemen. Anhand von empirischen Untersuchungen stellt sie dar, dass sich eine sprachliche Steuerung im Schreibprozess positiv auf die Aspekte Lesbarkeit, Verstandlichkeit und UEbersetzbarkeit auswirkt. Daruber hinaus profitieren im UEbersetzungsprozess eingesetzte Sprachtechnologien, wie Translation-Memory-Systeme, durch eine Verbesserung der Matchraten aufgrund des Einsatzes von automatischen Sprachprufprogrammen. Dieser Band schliesst die Reihe ab.
This accessible and unique approach to grammar comes in two parts: the first section consists of a practical guide on how to understand and use grammar successfully, and the second is an extensive A-Z glossary of grammatical terms. Ideal for both language students and anyone wanting to improve their use of English, it demystifies and explains these terms, while giving expert advice on how to construct sentences. * Chapters on sentences and clauses, nouns and pronouns, verbs, clause patterns, adverbials, multiple sentences, and more * Factboxes and writing tips give examples and clear explanations of problem topics such as adverb formation and the use of 'I and me' or 'so and such' * Diagrams break down passages of text, giving clear explanations on their sentence construction * Glossary terms include conjunction, future perfect 'tense', interrogative clause, is/are, passive voice, simple aspect, split infinitive, uncountable noun
This text has been written to help foreign and second language educators use classroom-based assessment as a tool for improving teaching and learning. The book requires no previous background in psychometrics, statistics, or research, and the suggested procedures are appropriate for a broad range of levels, situations, and instructional approaches.
Presents an overview of the development of the English language and examines the formation of words especially from Greek and Latin roots. Also discusses definitions and usage.
Language and language problems affect all of us and are an integral part of our social experience. In "An Introduction to Applied Linguistics," Professor Davies takes this simple fact as his starting point and sets out to show that applied linguistics is better understood by doing it than studying or reading about it. Beginning with the history and definitions of applied linguistics, he then looks at the full spectrum of 'institutional' and 'non-institutional' uses of language, spanning not only language learning and teaching but also language as a socio-psychological phenomenon. Whilst setting this practical outlook against the historical background of changing public needs and competing ideologies, Davies shows that a theory can be derived. The book has been updated throughout. The amendments include a re-examination of the Linguistics Applied-Applied Linguistics opposition, a survey of Applied Linguistics curricula, a consideration of whether there is any difference between the terms Educational Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, further discussion of the role of correctness and of ethics and a new study of the challenges to Applied Linguistics of socio-cultural theory, the theorising of World Englishes and the concept of the native speaker. There is a new final chapter which surveys the whole volume and makes connections with the other volumes in the Series. The book provides an excellent introduction to the problems and issues that arise in the practice of applied linguistics. Reviewers of the First Edition have described it as 'required reading for all who consider themselves applied linguists', 'an interesting and provocative book', 'obligatory reading for studentsand researchers in applied linguistics' and 'an admirable description of the nature of applied linguistics, the mentality of its practitioners and the problems that they encounter'. It will repay study by all those working professionally with language and those generally interested in the relationship between linguistics and applied linguistics. Readily accessible to graduate students, it will be of considerable benefit to those undergraduate students who are prepared to persevere. Key Features: Introductory text and the foundation volume for the series. Emphasis on the importance of experience. Examples of applied linguistics in language teaching and in other settings. Exercises and demonstrated examples included.
This new guide to French synonyms is the first to be produced specifically for English-speaking students of French. Its aim is to enable them to develop, broaden and enhance their awareness of the complexity and richness of French vocabulary by presenting in an easily accessible form information not readily available in traditional dictionaries. It contains a wide variety of material, both formal and informal, literary and practical. The tabular layout is designed for maximum ease of reference, with sample contexts and English equivalents for each French item. There are two indexes of French and English words.
Der Autor weist in seiner Analyse nach, dass die Textsemantik des Antezedenten die semantische Funktion des Relativsatzes bestimmt und sich erst daraus ableiten lasst, ob ein Relativsatz "identifizierend" oder "pradizierend" ist. Das Buch thematisiert daruber hinaus die Zusammenhange zwischen der Morphosyntax des Relativsatzes und der semantischen Funktion des Relativsatzes. Hierbei analysiert der Autor die Kasus des Antezedenten und des Relativpronomens sowie die Kontakt- oder Distanzposition des Relativsatzes. Er stellt heraus, welche spezifischen Charakteristika fur die Zwischenelemente vor dem Relativsatz bei Distanzposition sowie fur die Restelemente nach dem Relativsatz bei Kontaktposition in Frage kommen.
The study of classical languages by earlier generations of English-speaking students was greatly facilitated by the traditional study of English grammar in the schools emphasising precisely the grammatical concepts, terms, and constructions needed for the study of Greek and Latin. While recent textbooks presume little or no previous grammatical sophistication on the part of their students, they often provide little more by way of remediation than definitions of grammatical terminology. This book offers a student-friendly comparative exposition of English and ancient Greek grammatical principles -- from the most basic to the most complex, first in English, then in Greek -- that will prove a useful supplement to a wide range of beginning Greek textbooks as well as a handy reference for those continuing on to upper-level courses.
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