Japanese Kanji and Kana Workbook offers a systematic approach to learning Japanese characters. It is designed to be used with the best-selling Japanese Kanji & Kana: A Guide to the Japanese Writing System. Presenting all 92 Hiragana and Katakana and 617 high-frequency Kanji characters, this character workbook teaches you how to write the Kanji and Kana neatly and correctly. Included for each character are the Japanese and Chinese readings, stroke order writing guides, English meanings, vocabulary, radicals, and ample space for writing practice. This valuable Japanese language book also includes an introduction explaining how to begin learning the Japanese writing system and two Kanji indexes--one by radicals, the other by readings. The 617 kanji characters provided cover all Kanji required to take the AP Japanese Language and Culture Exam and the JLPT levels N5, N4, and N3.

Extensively revised and updated, this second edition provides, in an A-Z format, an analysis of the most important generalizations that have been made on the unidirectional change of grammatical forms and constructions. Based on the analysis of more than 1,000 languages, it reconstructs over 500 processes of grammatical change in the languages of the world, including East Asian languages such as Chinese, Korean and Japanese. Readers are provided with the tools to discover how lexical and grammatical meanings can be related to one another in a principled way, how such issues as polysemy, heterosemy, and transcategoriality are dealt with, and why certain linguistic forms have simultaneous lexical and grammatical functions. Definitions of lexical concepts are provided with examples from a broad variety of languages, and references to key relevant research literature. Linguists and other scholars will gain a better understanding of languages on a worldwide scale.

Russian Word Count is a statistical analysis of modern Russian literary texts of various genres. The book is useful to scientific and pedagogical workers in different fields. To facilitate work with the book, the words have been arranged in three fields. Thus, in adapting Russian texts, the authors of Russian text-books for non-Russians will find it easier to consult the alphabetical word frequency list, after preliminary acquaintance with the general word frequency list (the same is true of methodologists compiling Russian readers for home reading). In writing books of exercises and exercises for text-books, it is more convenient to refer to the word lists arranged according to parts of speech. Such lists show which grammatical forms of a word are most frequently used. Their use will enable exercise compilers to provide repeated practice with words most frequently used in the grammatical forms which are the object of the exercises. Teachers may use this book to select the active vocabulary for a text-book (as is known the words of a textbook fall into active and passive). Since the words included in this book coverup to 80 percent of texts of different kinds, we believe they may be recommended as an active vocabulary. This book may also be used in selecting words for minimal dictionaries and grammars.Besides the applied role of this book as an objective basis for the compilation of minimal dictionaries, textbooks and different kinds of aids for students, it can also be considered simply as a frequency dictionary of modern literary Russian. As such it can be used by specialized theoreticians in the Russian language and applied linguistics.

David Block asks the question "What is second language acquisition (SLA)?" by offering an extended critique of one of the main theoretical approaches to second language acquisition: the "Input-Interaction-Output" model. He argues that a more interdisciplinary and socially informed approach to SLA research is in order, and he draws on recent work in sociolinguistics as well as SLA research influenced by sociolinguistic and sociohistorical approaches to language and language learning. In so doing, he demonstrates that there is a need to broaden the horizons of second language acquisition. Finally, he offers some important thoughts on the future direction of SLA research, and includes an extensive bibliography.

The national bestseller from "Parade's" "Ask Marilyn" columnist is the definitive book for anyone who cares about spelling.

Sample Entries from "Cliches":

LET THE CAT OUT OF THE BAG is an idiom cliche meaning to reveal a secret. In origin it refers allegedly to a fairground trick by which traders sold unwary buyers a cat in a bag, assuring them it was a pig. The buyers did not realize their mistake until they let the cat out of the bag, by which time it was too late.

BITE THE BULLET is an idiom clichi meaning to steel oneself to accept something distressing. In origin it probably refers to the days before anesthesia, when soldiers wounded in battle were given a lead bullet to bite on to brace themselves against the pain of surgery.

FLY OFF THE HANDLE is an idiom clichi meaning to lose one's temper. Originally American, the expression has its origin in an ax or hammer, the handle of which becomes loosened and flies off after it has struck a blow.

The Cambridge Guide to English Usage is an A-Z reference book, giving an up-to-date account of the debatable issues of English usage and written style. Its advice draws on a wealth of recent research and data from very large corpora of American and British English - illuminating their many divergences and also points of convergence on which international English can be based. The book comprises more than 4000 points of word meaning, spelling, grammar and punctuation, and larger issues of inclusive language, and effective writing and argument. It also provides guidance on grammatical terminology, and covers topics in electronic communication and the internet. The discussion notes the major dictionaries, grammars and usage books in the USA, UK, Canada and Australia, allowing readers to calibrate their own practices as required. CGEU is descriptive rather than prescriptive, but offers a principled basis for implementing progressive or more conservative decisions on usage.

The study of classical languages by earlier generations of English-speaking students was greatly facilitated by the traditional study of English grammar in the schools emphasising precisely the grammatical concepts, terms, and constructions needed for the study of Greek and Latin. While recent textbooks presume little or no previous grammatical sophistication on the part of their students, they often provide little more by way of remediation than definitions of grammatical terminology. This book offers a student-friendly comparative exposition of English and ancient Greek grammatical principles -- from the most basic to the most complex, first in English, then in Greek -- that will prove a useful supplement to a wide range of beginning Greek textbooks as well as a handy reference for those continuing on to upper-level courses.

The Modern English Structures Workbook parallels the text, Modern English Structures, and provides useful training both in memorization and in higher-order thinking skills.

This practical guide can be used by teachers who wish to develop their professional expertise by investigating their own teaching in a systematic and organised way. It is also invaluable for teachers or trainee teachers who have to produce a professional project or dissertation as part of a training programme. This book will help teachers to design and implement a research project which is derived from their normal practice, with results which should be of direct relevance to them.The book is user-friendly and includes:- exemplar articles and extracts which show how the research techniques can be implemented- 'Personal review' sections which help readers to think about the ideas being discussed and relate them to their own situation- commentaries which follow up issues raised in the 'Personal review' sections- chapter summaries- a glossary of all technical terms

This abridgement of the acclaimed Dictionary of Modern American Usage is a handy guide that discusses the most common problems of style and usage.

Mullers Gegenwort-Woerterbuch hat in seiner gebundenen Fassung eine begeisterte Aufnahme gefunden. Genauestens werden zu allen in der deutschen Sprache wichtigen Woertern und Fremdwoertern die Gegenwoerter aufgelistet. Dass zum Stier die Kuh gehoert, zum Stier aber auch der Ochse den Gegensatz bildet, durfte landlaufig bekannt sein. Wie sieht es aber mit den Gegensatzpaaren aus: Cyber money / Bargeld, Matrixsatz / Konstituentensatz? Diese und andere Gegensatzpaare fuhrt der Autor auf und beschreibt kurz ihre Bedeutung oder Zuordnung zu einzelnen Wortfeldern, wo dies notwendig erscheint. Ebenso werden die wichtigsten Personenpaare aus der Literatur und Geschichte vorgestellt: Faust / Gretchen, Faust / Mephisto und Abaelard / Heloise. Nicht zuletzt scharft das Woerterbuch unser Verstandnis fur die Eigentumlichkeiten der deutschen Sprache.

Harness the power of suffixes and prefixes while addingmore than 4,000 words to your French vocabulary!How do you turn Scotland into a Scottish citizen? Or change your brother into a colleague?* It isn't magic, it's suffixes and prefixes. When attached to base words, they have the ability to change meanings to indicate quantity, profession, gender, size, status, relationship, style, and much more. Mastering these word parts will enable you to increase your vocabulary greatly. Practice Makes Perfect: French Vocabulary Building with Suffixes and Prefixes presents 100 suffixes and 60 prefixes accompanied by their meanings, English equivalent when applicable, part of speech, and gender. Grouped by difficulty level, each prefix or suffix is fully explained and followed by a list of terms using the added word part.Like all Practice Makes Perfect workbooks, you will get plenty of practice, practice, practice using your newly acquired skills. And for convenient study on the go, download the free companion app that features hundreds of words in a flashcard format. Whether you are learning on your own or taking an advanced beginning or intermediate French class, Practice Makes Perfect: French VocabularyBuilding with Suffixes and Prefixes will help build your confidence in using your new language. *Ecosse (Scotland) becomes Ecossais (Scot); frere (brother) becomes confrere (colleague)This workbook helps you: Learn how to use suffixes and prefixes to expand your French vocabularyDetermine the meanings of unfamiliar terms by recognizing their word beginnings and endingsBecome more comfortable communicating in French

This variant of dependency grammar aims at the formal representation of text contents. The proposal improves on previous descriptions of adjuncts, and word order in general, as well as on the mathematically precise definition of dependency structures. A fragment of German syntax illustrates the formal constructs introduced. The book is of interest to the descriptive and theoretical linguist (because it presents a logical foundation for dependency grammar) and to the computational linguist (because aspects of parsing are an integral part of the grammar theory).

Updated and expanded from one of the most popular grammar sites on the web, this book provides a modern guide to English usage for the 21st century. With topics arranged alphabetically and written in an enjoyable and readable tone, The English Language: A User's Guide will help students and writers understand the nature of the language, explaining the why of the rules as well as what constitutes good grammar and style. Going beyond the prescriptive wrong /right examples, Jack Lynch includes examples of weak/strong, good/better, disputed/preferred, and informal/formal usage. Also included: Introductory Essay Using This Guide A Guide to Citation Additional Readings An online companion is available.