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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Western philosophy
This four volume set is a collection of some of the most significant scholarship published on the philosophy of Socrates in the last half century. The contributors include many of the most prominent scholars in this field. As the growth in Socratic studies in the past three decades is due in large part to the influential work of Gregory Vlastos, articles by him figure prominently in the collection, and works by other authors are generally related to his work (as sources of it, responses to it, or further developments of it). The volumes deal with different areas of Socratic thought. The first volume begins with the question whether and to what degree we can discern a distinctive philosophy of Socrates in the ancient sources. The second volume deals with the trial of Socrates and the philosophical issues that arise from it. The third volume considers the philosophical methodology of Socrates and the fourth his moral philosophy. This collection shares some material with earlier collections on the philosophy of Socrates, but it is more extensive and up-to-date. Unlike other collections, which may offer the reader only a single article on a given topic, this collection offers a conversation in-depth. The reader can thus get a sense of the dimensions of the scholarly debate on these central issues in the philosophy of Socrates. No collection can be complete, but this aims at a representative portrait of Socratic studies in the last fifty years.
This volume is the first of two containing a selection of Antonio Gramsci's political writings from the time of his initial involvement in Italian politics to his imprisonment by Mussolini in 1926. This selection culminates in the 'Red Years' of 1910-20, and also features texts by Bordiga and Tasca from their debates with Gramsci. It traces Gramsci's development as a revolutionary socialist during the First World War, his thoughts on the Russian Revolution and his involvement in the general strike and factory occupations of 1920. Also included are his reactions to the emerging fascist movement, and contributions to the early stages of the debate about the establishment of the Communist Party of Italy
What is postmodernity - a cultural breakthrough, or a cultural collapse? And what are its consequences for the arts - a new era of unprecedented creativity, or the state of acute crisis? And above all, is postmodernism a new and revolutionary phenomenon, or is it a radical, logical or misguided, development of modern culture, and particularly of its avant-garde tradition? What are the continuities? What are the discontinuities? These are just some of the questions which this study asks and attempts to answer. It draws upon a wide range of evidence: from the experience of daily life in a consumer society; science and religion; visual arts and literature; film and television; and the most arcane works of contemporary music. The author sets high standards for the notoriously inconclusive, and all too often confused, debate about the cultural significance of postmodernism and postmodernity; he shows how large is the volume of historical and artistic knowledge needed to seriously grapple with the issues involved in any conceivable answer to the query.
The period 1985-1995 saw a new wave of interest, in philosophical and theoretical circles, in the writings of Walter Benjamin, associate of the early Frankfurt School and among the most innovative and uncategorizable of German modernist thinkers. It is against the horizon of the contemporary theoretical scene, combining impulses from post-structuralism, feminism, cultural anthropology, and psychoanalysis, that Sigrid Weigel, one of Germany's leading Benjamin experts, undertakes her re-reading of his work. The subject of this sequence of eleven essays, assembled here for the first time in English translation, is Benjamin as theorist, whereby his work on thinking in images or UBilddnken and the relation of this to 'the first material of human existence ...the body" is taken as constituting the specificity of his philosophy. Arranged in three sections ( "Politics of Images and Body", "Other - Gender - Readings", and "Memory and Writing") the essays provide a passage into Benjamin's thinking in images.
Friedrich Nietzsche occupies a contradictory position in the
history of ideas: he came up with the concept of a master race, yet
an eminent Jewish scholar like Martin Buber translated his Also
sprach Zarathustra into Polish and remained in a lifelong
intellectual dialogue with Nietzsche. Sigmund Freud admired his
intellectual courage and was not at all reluctant to admit that
Nietzsche had anticipated many of his basic ideas.
Hobbes' philosophy is one of the high points of a century of great philosophical achievement and Leviathan is recognized as one of the great classics of political theory. But the response from his contemporaries to Hobbes's materialist system and his secular analysis of society was largely ferociously hostile, demonstrating the challenging and indeed frightening nature of his ideas. This collection of many of the major contemporary responses to his thought by leading figures, mostly never republished, provides an outstanding source for assessing his immediate impact and the long-term importance of his work.
The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Friendship is a superb compilation of chapters that explore the history, major topics, and controversies in philosophical work on friendship. It gives both the advanced scholar and the novice in the field an overview and also an in-depth exploration of the connections between friendship and the history of philosophy, morality, practical rationality, value theory, and interpersonal relationships more generally. The Handbook consists of 31 newly commissioned chapters by an international slate of contributors, and is divided into six sections: I. Historical Perspectives II. Who Can Be Our Friends? III. Friendship and Other Relationships IV. The Value and Rationality of Friendship V. Friendship, Morality, and Virtue VI. New Issues in Philosophy of Friendship This volume is essential reading not only for anyone interested in the philosophical questions involving friendship, but also for anyone interested in related topics such as love, sex, moral duties, the good life, the nature of rationality, interpersonal and interspecies relationships, and the nature of the person.
In philosophical, political, religious and educational thought the philospopher John Locke (1632-1704), inspired the leading minds of both Europe and America. He argued against Descartes and Spinoza's exaggerated rationalism, waking up philosophy to a new empiricism. His ideas formed the moral basis for the ideas of Voltaire, Montesquieu and the French Encyclopedistes, and in America greatly influenced Jonathan Edwards and Thomas Jefferson. This set contains all the famous philosophical works, plus a life of the author. All correspondence is placed together, and the non-correspondence items are positioned to follow the relevant works. It contains works on economics, and gardening, as well as A History of Navigation.
Sir Francis Bacon, statesman, essayist and philosopher, studied law
and rose to high office as Lord Chancellor. He had enormous
influence on the change of direction for scientific method from
speculative and philosophical in the Aristotelian tradition to
experimental and factual. Bacon's philosophical influence extended
to Locke and through him to subsequent English schools of
psychology and ethics. Abroad, his influence also extended to
Leibniz, Huygens and Voltaire who called him 'le pere de la
philosophie experimentale'.
Is violent self-defense ethical? In the history of colonialism, racism, sexism, capitalism, there has long been a dividing line between bodies "worthy of defending" and those who have been disarmed and rendered defenseless. In 1685, for example, France's infamous "Code Noir" forbade slaves from carrying weapons, under penalty of the whip. In nineteenth-century Algeria, the colonial state outlawed the use of arms by Algerians, but granted French settlers the right to bear arms. Today, some lives are seen to be worth so little that Black teenagers can be shot in the back for appearing "threatening" while their killers are understood, by the state, to be justified. That those subject to the most violence have been forcibly made defenseless raises, for any movement of liberation, the question of using violence in the interest of self-defense. Here, philosopher Elsa Dorlin looks across the global history of the left - from slave revolts to the knitting women of the French Revolution and British suffragists' training in ju-jitsu, from the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising to the Black Panther Party, from queer neighborhood patrols to Black Lives Matter - to trace the politics, philosophy, and ethics of self defense. In this history she finds a "martial ethics of the self": a practice in which violent self defense is the only means for the oppressed to ensure survival and to build a liveable future. In this sparkling and provocative book, drawing on theorists from Thomas Hobbes to Fred Hampton, Frantz Fanon to Judith Butler, Michel Foucault to June Jordan, Dorlin has reworked the very idea of modern governance and political subjectivity. Translated from the French by Kieran Aarons.
The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill took thirty years to complete and is acknowledged as the definitive edition of J.S. Mill and as one of the finest works editions ever completed. Mill's contributions to philosophy, economics, and history, and in the roles of scholar, politician and journalist can hardly be overstated and this edition remains the only reliable version of the full range of Mill's writings. Each volume contains extensive notes, a new introduction and an index. Many of the volumes have been unavailable for some time, but the Works are now again available, both as a complete set and as individual volumes.
The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill took thirty years to complete and is acknowledged as the definitive edition of J.S. Mill and as one of the finest works editions ever completed. Mill's contributions to philosophy, economics, and history, and in the roles of scholar, politician and journalist can hardly be overstated and this edition remains the only reliable version of the full range of Mill's writings. Each volume contains extensive notes, a new introduction and an index. Many of the volumes have been unavailable for some time, but the Works are now again available, both as a complete set and as individual volumes.
Herbert Spencer was regarded by the Victorians as the foremost philosopher of the age, the prophet of evolution at a time when the idea had gripped the popular imagination. His ambition was to construct a "Synthetic Philosophy" which unified all knowledge by demonstrating evolution to be at work throughout the universe from the nebulae to human society. In so doing he made important contributions to biology, psychology, sociology, and philosophy, and his writ ran from the intellectual elite - Darwin called him "our great philosopher" - through the professional classes to the working men whom Beatrice Webb once overheard discussing his ideas on a train. Until recently Spencer's posthumous reputation rested almost exclusively on his social and political thought, which has itself frequently been subject to serious misrepresentation. But historians of ideas now recognise that an acquaintance with Spencer's thought is essential for the proper understanding of many aspects of Victorian intellectual life, and the present selection is designed to answer this need.
In this third Volume of Logological Investigations, Sandywell
continues his sociological reconstruction of the origins of
reflexive thought and discourse with special reference to
pre-Socratic philosophy and science and their socio-political
context.
Combining postmodernism with technoscience, this work considers the viability of public works such as the superconducting supercollider in a postmodern age. Contending that technoscientific projects are contingent upon economic and political support, and not simply upon their scientific feasibility, Sassower illuminates the cultural context of postmodernism vis-a-vis an examination of postmodernism and the philosophy of late 20th-century technoscience. Drawing upon conflicts between Popperians, postmodernists and feminists, Sassower claims that "translation" between competing discourses about technoscience is necessary to avoid cultural collisions and foster fruitful exchange between divergent discourses; also that a discussion of reality, both natural and social, is the common ground for this debate. He emphasizes also the material, political and economic conditions which underlie technoscientific projects, and stresses the indespensible role imagination and art play in teaching the responsible development of technology in the next century.
This is the first book to trace the doctrine of the guise of the good throughout the history of Western philosophy. It offers a chronological narrative exploring how the doctrine was formulated, the arguments for and against it, and the broader role it played in the thought of different philosophers.
Heidegger and ethics is a contentious conjunction of terms. Martin
Heidegger himself rejected the notion of ethics, while his
endorsement of Nazism is widely seen as unethical. This major study
examines the complex and controversial issues involved in bringing
Heidegger and ethics together.
Time, Tradition and Society in Greek Archaeology is an innovative volume which examines the relevance of archaeological theory to classical archaeology. It offers a wideranging overview of classical archaeology, from the Bronze Age to the Classical period and from mainland Greece to Cyprus. Within this framework Spencer examines many of the issues which have become important in the study of archaeology in recent years - time, the `past', gender, ideology, social structure and group identity. The papers in this collection cover such diverse topics as the rural landscape, classical art and scientific methodologies. Over the last century the study of classical archaeology has been orthodox and static. The essays in this collection examine it in the light of current theoretical archaeology and anthropology, making it more relevant and valuable to the study of archaeology in the 1990s. This is a diverse and topical collection, of great value to classicists, ancient historians, anthropologists and everyone interested in new approaches to archaeology. |
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