A Times/Sunday Times Book of the Year DISCOVER HOW LIFE REALLY WORKS - ON EARTH AND IN SPACE 'A wonderfully insightful sidelong look at Earthly biology' Richard Dawkins 'Crawls with curious facts' Sunday Times _________________________ We are unprepared for the greatest discovery of modern science. Scientists are confident that there is alien life across the universe yet we have not moved beyond our perception of 'aliens' as Hollywood stereotypes. The time has come to abandon our fixation on alien monsters and place our expectations on solid scientific footing. Using his own expert understanding of life on Earth and Darwin's theory of evolution - which applies throughout the universe - Cambridge zoologist Dr Arik Kershenbaum explains what alien life must be like. This is the story of how life really works, on Earth and in space. _________________________ 'An entertaining, eye-opening and, above all, a hopeful view of what - or who - might be out there in the cosmos' Philip Ball, author of Nature's Patterns 'A fascinating insight into the deepest of questions: what might an alien actually look like' Lewis Dartnell, author of Origins 'If you don't want to be surprised by extraterrestrial life, look no further than this lively overview of the laws of evolution that have produced life on earth' Frans de Waal, author of Mama's Last Hug

This hands-on manual from Leigh McCullough and associates teaches the nuts and bolts of practicing short-term dynamic psychotherapy, the research-supported model first presented in Changing Character, McCullough's foundational text. Reflecting the ongoing evolution of the approach, the manual emphasizes affect phobia, or conflict about feelings. It shows how such proven behavioral techniques as systemic desensitization can be applied effectively within a psychodynamic framework, and offers clear guidelines for when and how to intervene. Demonstrated are procedures for assessing patients, formulating core conflicts, and restructuring defenses, affects, and relationship to the self and others. In an easy-to-use, large-size format, the book features a wealth of case examples and write-in exercises for building key clinical skills. The companion website (www.affectphobiatherapy.com) offers useful supplemental resources, including Psychotherapy Assessment Checklist (PAC) forms and instructions.

Dyslogical children are commonly labelled as having one or more of a mix of conditions that include Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Bipolar Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. The number of children who could be described as dyslogical continues to rise sharply, and society has a tendency to lay the blame for this trend on poor parenting or bad schooling. In this ground-breaking book, Bernard Rimland argues that such 'conventional wisdom' is not just mistaken but dangerous. Drawing on the latest research, Rimland outlines the impact of biological factors on today's children and exposes the influences of toxins and dietary deficiencies. Dyslogic Syndrome is full of valuable advice on the safe, effective treatments that are available to children, and offers positive strategies for helping parents and professionals to do the best for their dyslogical child.

This practical and accessible book of case studies takes a new look at self-harm, focusing particularly on the under-explored area of `hidden' self-harming behaviour. These behaviours may not be immediately identifiable as self-harm by counsellors, therapists or their clients, but Maggie Turp shows how recognition and understanding of hidden self-harm can improve practice with those affected. The author begins by discussing extracts from infant observation studies that reflect on the role of maternal care in encouraging the tendency towards self-care. A series of detailed case studies follows, including a client who has a serious eating disorder, a client who abuses recreational drugs, works excessively to the detriment of his mental and physical health and sustains a series of unconsciously invited 'accidents', and one caught up in 'self-harm by omission', who fails to 'take care' and delays seeking vital medical care. The clinical accounts highlight the importance of attending to the client as a whole person and of building on the self-caring tendency that has prompted him or her to seek help in the form of counselling or psychotherapy. Written from a psychoanalytic perspective, but using straightforward language, Hidden Self-Harm is a valuable resource for social workers, psychologists, teachers, nurses and lay helpers as well as for counsellors and psychotherapists.

Self-awareness is an important aspect of successful management careers. The first chapter of this book investigates the link between self-awareness and personality. The authors also examine personality traits including self-confidence, self-efficacy, and motivation; explore the connection between emotional intelligence and individual differences in psychological type among church leaders; discuss personality prototypes in older adulthood; the personality and quality of life in patients with epilepsy and schizophrenia; and finally, provides information on empowerment through intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy.

Intersectionality: Concepts, Perspectives and Challenges first presents a study wherein two students, one male and one female, were interviewed about their transition from a historically black college and university undergraduate program to a predominantly white institution for their graduate studies in biochemistry. The students had similar undergraduate experiences and both shared feelings of isolation, the drawbacks of academic rigor in graduate STEM programs, and the need to represent both themselves and their race. Next, the authors explore narrative responses of bisexual Latinx women and, through an intersectionality lens, adapted the minority stress model to include their experiences. This study further supports the need for intersectional minority stress research and a necessary focus on sexually marginalized bisexual Latinx women. The closing chapter summarizes the way in which intersectionality has been at the center of both feminist debates and the theory of gender. In the United States, Canada and Europe, it has achieved a hegemonic status strengthened by its multiple possible applications.

This new book presents topical research in the study of antisocial behaviour. Topics discussed include preventive and therapeutic interventions targeting antisociality; antisocial behaviour in children with ADHD; vicious dog ownership and antisocial personality; cocaine-dependent patients with antisocial personality disorder and delinquency and antisocial behaviour among at risk adolescents.

Behavioural psychology emphasises an experimental-clinical approach to the application of behavioural and cognitive sciences to understanding human behaviour and developing interventions to enhance the human condition. Behavioural psychologists engage in research, education, training, and clinical practice regarding a wide range of problems and populations. The distinct focus of behavioural psychology is twofold: (a) its strong reliance on an empirical approach; and (b) its theoretical grounding in learning theories, broadly defined, including respondent conditioning, operant learning, social learning, cognitive sciences, and information processing models. This book presents new international research in this important field.

Contents: Expert Commentary: The Distinction between Attitudes and Subjective Norms; Motivation in Health Behaviour Research and Practice; Motivating Individuals with Autism with Idiosyncratic Speech: Identifying Reinforcers by Comparing Verbal and Tangible Preference Assessments; The Ying and Yang of Indulgence and Restraint: The Ambivalence Model of Craving; Age Differences and Health Decisions; Age Differences in Preventive Health Decisions; Sex and Motivation: Differences in Evolutionary Psychology-based Motives); Sexual Behavioural Determinants and Risk Perception Related to HIV among College Students; Straub Tail, The Deprivation Effect and Addiction to Aggression; Habituation and Alcohol Reinforcement; Motivation to Consume Alcohol in Rats: The Role of Habituation); Amount and Length of Alcohol Consumption among Black Adolescents as a Function of Racial Discrimination Induced Anger; Link of Alcoholic Tendency to Motivation; Instructional Set and Alcohol Expectancies.

Cognitive-behavioural therapies are the most popular form of mental health services offered today. But with this popularity comes an urgent need for standardized training and education for emerging cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) clinicians. This handy guide offers an evidence-based approach to supervision of emerging CBT practitioners. The authors' approach is based on two key concepts: feedback that is geared toward strengths as well as weaknesses, and stimulates problem-solving and growth; and demonstration, by which a supervisor takes part in role-playing exercises and even shows videos of his or her own work with clients, in order to model the experiential knowledge that trainees need to succeed. Using a wealth of case examples, including material from a supervision session with a real trainee (from the DVD Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Supervision, also available from the American Psychological Association), Newman and Kaplan demonstrate how trainees can learn to think like effective CBT practitioners, from conceptualizing cases and matching interventions to the individual needs of each client, to the comprehensive and subtle understandings of cultural competency and professional ethics.

Although it is a fact that man owes innumerable benefits to woman's care, devotion, and mental initiative, it is also true that through egoism and self-conceit he has never appreciated woman's work and achievements at their full value. On the contrary: while she was giving all and asking little, while she shared with man all hardships and perils, she was for thousands of years without any rights, not even as regards her own person and property. The book gives an account of woman's evolution, of her enduring and trying struggles for liberty, education, and recognition.

The challenge of explaining the emotions has engaged the attention of the best minds in philosophy and science throughout history. Part of the fascination has been that the emotions resist classification. As adequate account therefore requires receptivity to knowledge from a variety of sources. The philosopher must inform himself of the relevant empirical investigation to arrive at a definition, and the scientist cannot afford to be naive about the assumptions built into his conceptual apparatus.
The contributors to this volume have approached the problem of characterizing and classifying emotions from the perspectives of neurophysiology, psychology, and social psychology as well as that of philosophical psychology. They discuss the difficulties that arise in classifying the emotions, assessing their appropriateness and rationality, and determining their function in motivating moral action.

'Smart, engaging and funny. It will make you question everything you think you know about what you want' Caroline Criado Perez, author of Invisible Women Be ambitious; find everlasting love; look after your health ... There are countless stories about how we ought to live our lives. These narratives can make our lives easier, and they might sometimes make us happier too. But they can also trap us and those around us. In Happy Ever After, bestselling happiness expert Professor Paul Dolan draws on a variety of studies ranging over wellbeing, inequality and discrimination to bust the common myths about our sources of happiness. He shows that there can be many unexpected paths to lasting fulfilment. Some of these might involve not going into higher education, choosing not to marry, rewarding acts rooted in self-interest and caring a little less about living forever. By freeing ourselves from the myth of the perfect life, we might each find a life worth living.

In one volume, the leading researchers in behavioral assessment interpret the range of issues related to behavioral tests, including test development and psychometrics, clinical applications, ethical and legal concerns, use with diverse populations, computerization, and the latest research. Clinicians and researchers who use these instruments will find this volume invaluable, as it contains the most comprehensive and up-to-date information available on this important aspect of practice.

In "Bounded Rationality and Politics", Jonathan Bendor considers two schools of behavioral economics - the first guided by Tversky and Kahneman's work on heuristics and biases, which focuses on the mistakes people make in judgment and choice; the second as described by Gerd Gigerenzer's program on fast and frugal heuristics, which emphasizes the effectiveness of simple rules of thumb. Finding each of these radically incomplete, Bendor's illuminating analysis proposes Herbert Simon's pathbreaking work on bounded rationality as a way to reconcile the inconsistencies between the two camps. Bendor shows that Simon's theory turns on the interplay between the cognitive constraints of decision makers and the complexity of their tasks.

How does being male or female shape us? And what, aside from obvious anatomical differences, does being male or female mean? In this book, the distinguished psychologist Eleanor Maccoby explores how individuals express their sexual identity at successive periods of their lives. A book about sex in the broadest sense, The Two Sexes seeks to tell us how our development from infancy through adolescence and into adulthood is affected by gender. Chief among Maccoby's contentions is that gender differences appear primarily in group, or social, contexts. In childhood, boys and girls tend to gravitate toward others of their own sex. The Two Sexes examines why this segregation occurs and how boys' groups and girls' groups develop distinct cultures with different agendas. Deploying evidence from her own research and studies by many other scholars, Maccoby identifies a complex combination of biological, cognitive, and social factors that contribute to gender segregation and group differentiation. A major finding of The Two Sexes is that these childhood experiences in same-sex groups profoundly influence how members of the two sexes relate to one another in adulthood-as lovers, coworkers, and parents. Maccoby shows how, in constructing these adult relationships, men and women utilize old elements from their childhood experiences as well as new ones arising from different adult agendas. Finally, she considers social changes in gender roles in light of her discoveries about the constraints and opportunities implicit in the same-sex and cross-sex relationships of childhood.

Examining a broad range of questions--from how human beings negotiate the spaces in which they live, work, and play to how firms and institutions, and their spatial behaviors, are affected by processes of economic and societal change--this work presents an overview of research into the spatial behavior of humans and their institutions. Updating and expanding concepts of decision making and choice behavior on different geographic scales, this major revision of the authors' acclaimed Analytical Behavioral Geography presents theoretical foundations, extensive case studies, and empirical evidence of human behavior in a comprehensive range of physical, social, and economic settings. Generously illustrated with maps, diagrams, and tables, the volume also covers issues of gender, discusses traditionally excluded groups such as the physically and mentally challenged, and addresses the pressing needs of our growing elderly population.

How are social behaviors initiated, sustained, disrupted, and resumed? What are the cognitive bases of goals, and how are goals and actions affected by emotions? Putting an end to the traditional, and unproductive, juxtaposition of motivation and cognition, this book relates these domains to shed new light on the control of goal-directed action. Bringing together renowned social and motivational psychologists, it presents concise formulations of complete research programs that effectively map the territory, provide new findings, and suggest innovative ideas for future research.

The best book on interpersonal relationships to appear in many years. Deeply insightful. Written with lucidity and grace. --Irvin D. Yalom, Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine "Rather than merely giving advice on how to improve a marriage or other romantic attachment, psychologist Ruthellen Josselson explores eight types of relationships, from the deeply intimate to the very casual. Although some people may be most adept at one type of interaction, all such relationships are important to our growth as caring human beings, she states. Each chapter closes with a short life history of a person interviewed by the author, with particular attention paid to how the type of relationship discussed shaped that person. Visual diagrams chart these men's and women's relationships throughout their lives. Additional chapters cover how the sexes differ in the way they relate to others and the various forms that love can take. Deep and insightful, this should prove important to professional therapists as well as to those seeking a better understanding of human nature." --Publishers Weekly "Ruthellen Josselson has written this informative and engaging book to examine the 'web of connections to others' within which people 'create their lives.' . . . Josselson writes well, using many visual and spatial images. At times her writing is poetic. . . . The Space Between Us is accessible and easy to follow, in part because of Josselson's effective use of illustrative material. The book provides a good introduction to relational concepts for students or a general audience. More sophisticated readers can use it as a review and will appreciate Josselson's synthesis, new ideas, and illustrations. . . . This book is a valuable contribution to the development of a theory of relatedness that can take its place alongside a theory of autonomy. As such, the book resonates with and offers a corrective to recent critiques of individualism in American culture and in the psychotherapeutic enterprise. Clinical social workers, with their longstanding interest in person-environment transactions, will find this a particularly desirable corrective. . . . Josselson's explication of the many dimensions of 'the space between us' enriches us all." --Carol R. Swenson in Families in Society "In spite of the academic orientation of the book, it is written with great simplicity and personal voice. Understanding why we need meaningful relationships and how we can develop and nurture these relationships is an extremely important issue that teachers can share with today's students." --Emogene Fox, review in FLEducator Adult relationships define us, yet they evade realistic definition. The Space Between Us goes beyond the usual study of problem relationships to present a positive view of the human connections that form our social existence. Integrating psychological theories with rich experience, Ruthellen Josselson examines the nature and types of these relationships and develops eight dimensions of relatedness ranging from the very casual to the deeply intimate. Personal interviews animate and visual diagrams chart specific types of relationships throughout the life span. Additional chapters contemplate how the sexes differ in communication styles and the various forms that love can take. Written with great simplicity and in an engaging style, yet grounded in theory and method, this volume will appeal to a broad readership, including academics in social psychology and relationship studies, counseling and mental health professionals, and anyone interested in understanding relationships in life-span and cultural perspective.

After decades of banishment to popular magazines and advice columns, jealousy and envy have emerged as legitimate topics of scientific inquiry. This volume includes chapters from nearly every major contributor to the psychological literature in this area. From emotional, and cognitive processes that underlie jealousy and envy; to the ways these emotions are experienced and expressed within close relationships; to family, societal, and cultural contexts, the volume offers a definitive statement of current theory and research.

"A fine account of experiences of suffering in everyday America understood as occasions for making meaning."--Arthur Kleinman, co-editor of "Social Suffering

"An original and compassionate contribution to the study of human suffering. It describes how people try to make sense of lives disrupted, and often fragmented, by major crises: stroke, illness, migration, miscarriage or infertility. Her descriptions of the narratives and metaphors they use to try to restore the coherence of their world-view and relationships is both vivid and readable."--Cecil G. Helman, author of "Culture, Health and Illness

"Using the methods and perspectives of cultural phenomenology, and narrative analysis, this powerful and moving work brings new meanings and understandings to the disruptions, personal distresses, and emotional crises that occur in daily life. Disruptions and chaos are part of the human condition. Gay Becker brilliantly shows how ordinary people address this fact of life."--Norman Denzin, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

"A remarkable, creative synthesis of up-to-the-minute theories of symbolic healing and narrative performance by one of contemporary medical anthropology's most prolific and sophisticated practitioners. Gay Becker presents many poignant and unforgettable cases from major ethnographic studies conducted by herself and her colleagues in the United States on topics including: adaptation to stroke, meanings of infertility, management of disruptions such as divorce in mid-life, transitions of the elderly to assisted living, and multi-ethnic experiences of illness in the health care system. Becker is a master of life history and life story methods. Her analyses areimpeccably grounded in first-class ethnographic research to produce a mature and exciting work that will be read widely across many disciplines."--Gelya Frank, University of Southern California

"Though ours is an age of dislocation and uprootedness, the issue of how human beings negotiate the stony ground between past and present lives transcends historical and cultural boundaries. In this illuminating and far-reaching study of disrupted lives, Gay Becker explores in a variety of critical contemporary settings the interplay between what people suffer and what they make of their suffering. Giving voice to the people with whom she worked, and sensitive to the embodied and dialogic dimensions of human agency, Becker shows how people variously deploy cultural resources such as metaphor and narrative to cope with adversity, recover a semblance of order and continuity, and actively regain a sense of self-determination."--Michael Jackson, University of Sydney

This influential book provides an innovative framework for understanding and treating intimate partner violence. Integrating a variety of theoretical and empirical perspectives, Donald G. Dutton demonstrates that male abusiveness is more than just a learned pattern of behavior--it is the outgrowth of a particular personality configuration. He illuminates the development of the abusive personality from early childhood to adulthood and presents an evidence-based treatment approach designed to meet this population's unique needs. The second edition features two new chapters on the neurobiological roots of abusive behavior and the development of abusiveness in females.

This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1951.