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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Philosophy & theory of psychology > Behavioural theory (Behaviourism)
Whether you are finding your way as a manager or you want to enhance the skills you already have, the Instant Manager series is exactly what you need Written by leading experts, they are inexpensive, concise but above all authoritative guides to the subject at hand. The portable format allows you to carry the book easily to fit learning and development into your busy work life. Based on the 10 most FAQs, each chapter ends with a quick tip that can be taken on board immediately. A handy tear out card covering the most salient points allows you to carry the expertise with you wherever you go. 'Body Language' includes coverage of the following, specifically tailored to give managers an understanding of Body Language can help them at work: what body language is and why it is important in management, how it can help in understanding office politics, improving presentation, interview and appraisal skills. Two particularly fascinating chapters cover body language within the contexts of the office social life and the topical subject of security. Backed by the authority of the Chartered Management Institute, this is an essential addition to the manager's library.
Contents: Expert Commentary: The Distinction between Attitudes and Subjective Norms; Motivation in Health Behaviour Research and Practice; Motivating Individuals with Autism with Idiosyncratic Speech: Identifying Reinforcers by Comparing Verbal and Tangible Preference Assessments; The Ying and Yang of Indulgence and Restraint: The Ambivalence Model of Craving; Age Differences and Health Decisions; Age Differences in Preventive Health Decisions; Sex and Motivation: Differences in Evolutionary Psychology-based Motives); Sexual Behavioural Determinants and Risk Perception Related to HIV among College Students; Straub Tail, The Deprivation Effect and Addiction to Aggression; Habituation and Alcohol Reinforcement; Motivation to Consume Alcohol in Rats: The Role of Habituation); Amount and Length of Alcohol Consumption among Black Adolescents as a Function of Racial Discrimination Induced Anger; Link of Alcoholic Tendency to Motivation; Instructional Set and Alcohol Expectancies.
Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!
This volume presents the work of researchers from around the world and from a variety of disciplines who are actively searching for ways to make our roadways a safer and more pleasant place to be. Although behavioural scientists have long been interested in learning about what drivers do the study of driving behaviour has only recently attracted the dedicated interest of psychologists and other researchers. Roadways are now increasingly recognised as an excellent naturalistic setting to study a variety of behaviours that were previously constrained to laboratories. Streets and roads are ubiquitous, constituting an integral part of most people's everyday environment or life space. As with other environmental features, emotional meanings are attached to our subjective perceptions of roadways which ultimately influence immediate and long term thoughts, feelings, and actions. This volume describes the growing body of research on driver behaviour and traffic safety, including the nature, measurement and treatment of roadway aggression, types of traffic violations in diverse parts of the world, the pervasive concern with the alcohol and driving, attempts to modify problematic driver behaviours, engineering and human factors concerns such as cell phone operation by drivers, the use of vehicle "black box" recorders, and the safety of airbags. We also present some examples of theoretical models and their usefulness in stimulating research and providing an overall explanatory model for a diverse range of driving behaviours. The chapters in this book explore many of these issues with driver behaviours being investigated by psychologists, sociologists, engineers and others.
This hands-on manual from Leigh McCullough and associates teaches the nuts and bolts of practicing short-term dynamic psychotherapy, the research-supported model first presented in Changing Character, McCullough's foundational text. Reflecting the ongoing evolution of the approach, the manual emphasizes affect phobia, or conflict about feelings. It shows how such proven behavioral techniques as systemic desensitization can be applied effectively within a psychodynamic framework, and offers clear guidelines for when and how to intervene. Demonstrated are procedures for assessing patients, formulating core conflicts, and restructuring defenses, affects, and relationship to the self and others. In an easy-to-use, large-size format, the book features a wealth of case examples and write-in exercises for building key clinical skills. The companion website (www.affectphobiatherapy.com) offers useful supplemental resources, including Psychotherapy Assessment Checklist (PAC) forms and instructions.
For years, the harm that some women do to themselves was ignored and silenced, both in psychological literature and in homes and hospitals. Dusty Miller's eye-opening book revealed the truth about a syndrome that has plagued millions--and continues to do so today, endangering ever-younger lives. Filled with moving stories, this powerful book was the first to focus on women who engage in different forms of self-mutilation.Miller is widely recognized as the first expert to identify the roots of "cutting" and other self-injurious behavior in women. These women suffer from what she calls "Trauma Reenactment Syndrome" (TRS), a pattern of behavior in which they reenact severe psychological or physical harm done to them as children. In the decade since her work was first published, new research has supported Miller's perspective. In her introduction to this tenth anniversary edition, Miller discusses what self-harming women and abuse survivors have known all along: that self-injury activates endorphins that actually calm the psychic pain of old wounds. She describes the latest treatments geared to this view--and offers, once again, hope and understanding to the women themselves and to those who care for them.
A mood is defined as the prevailing psychological state (habitual or relatively temporary). It is further defined as a feeling, state or prolonged emotion that influences the whole of one's psychic life. It can relate to passion or feeling; humour; as, a melancholy mood; a suppliant mood. Mood can and does affect perceived health, personal confidence, one's perceptions of the world around us and our actions based on those perceptions. Moods can and do change often although mood swings of a sharp nature may be a symptom of underlying disease. Moods may signify happiness, anger, tension, or anxiety. Chronic periods of any mood state may be an indicator of a disorder as well. This new book gathers important research from throughout the world in this rapidly changing field.
The "Encyclopedia of Statistics in Behavioral Science" encompasses the refined statistical concepts and techniques that are essential to the advancement in psychology and its ever-widening fields of application. Providing comprehensive accounts drawn from the huge expansion of statistical methodologies in the behavioral sciences, highlighting new techniques and developments from the past decade. Up-to-date coverage of developing fields including neuroscience, behavioral genetics, decision learning and cognitive science. Containing over 600 articles and over 400 contributions from eminent psychologists and statisticians world-wide. Emphasis on practical, non-technical methods with wide ranging application. Extensively cross-referenced to ensure fast and accurate access to available information Representing an invaluable addition to both the psychological and statistical literature, the "Encyclopedia of Statistics in Behavioral Science" forms an essential reference work for researchers, educators and students in the fields of applied psychology, sociology, market research, consumer behavior, management science, decision making and human resource management. For further details please visit: www.wiley.com/go/eosbs
1928. Contents: Part One. Psychology and Life; Sex Among the Moderns; The Freudian Emphasis on Sex; The Role of Inferiority in Human Behavior; Psychiatry to the Rescue; Is Prostitution Petering Out?; and Problems of the Sexes. Contents: Part Two. Human Nature in the Making; The Science of Reeducation; Mental Hygiene: The Quintessence of the New Psychology; A Psycho-Sexual Inventory; The Problem of Childhood; The New Educational Psychiatry; and The Psychoneurotic Situation in our Colleges.
"In outlining the sequence of our material, we deemed it necessary to show ways of eliminating functional disorders of the higher nervous activity of man by psychotherapeutic methods. In this our investigations were concerned both with the nearest subcortical region and the two signal systems of reality, the normal co-ordination of which underlies the healthy personality, the integrity of our 'ego.' ."The object of our monograph is to show precisely what psychotherapy can and does effect under certain conditions. Not only somatologists but frequently even psychiatrists, have inadequate knowledge of the efficacy of psychotherapy. In order that the methods of psychotherapy be extensively introduced into medical practice, we need facts directly testifying to its efficacy. It has been our object to give these facts since, according to Pavlov, 'facts are the breath of life for the scientist.' At the same time, we intended to acquaint the reader with our methods of studying and employing psychotherapy on the basis of Pavlov's teachings."
In business, politics, marriage, indeed in any significant relationship, trust is the essential precondition upon which all real success depends. But what, precisely, is trust? How can it be achieved and sustained? And, most importantly, how can it be regained once it has been broken? In Building Trust, Robert C. Solomon and Fernando Flores offer compelling answers to these questions. They argue that trust is not something that simply exists from the beginning, something we can assume or take for granted; that it is not a static quality or "social glue." Instead, they assert that trust is an emotional skill, an active and dynamic part of our lives that we build and sustain with our promises and commitments, our emotions and integrity. In looking closely at the effects of mistrust, such as insidious office politics that can sabotage a company's efficiency, Solomon and Flores demonstrate how to move from naive trust that is easily shattered to an authentic trust that is sophisticated, reflective, and possible to renew. As the global economy makes us more and more reliant on "strangers," and as our political and personal interactions become more complex, Building Trust offers invaluable insight into a vital aspect of human relationships.
"[A] significant contribution to the national debate about violent criminal behavior."—Senator Joe Lieberman
Consisting of his timeless classic Manwatching, completely revised and updated, with much new material gathered since the book's original publication, and for the first time incorporating the text of Bodywatching, this new edition is set to become the definitive 'body language bible'. Lavishly illustrated throughout with line drawings and two 16pp colour plate sections, Peoplewatching is a handsomely designed and fitting tribute to one of the most thought-provoking and popular scientists of his day.
"Theory in and out of Context" furthers discourse and understanding about the complex phenomenon we know as play. Play, as a human and animal activity, can be understood in terms of cultural, social, evolutionary, psychological, and philosophical perspectives.This effort necessarily includes inquiry from a range of disciplines, including history, sociology, psychology, education, biology, anthropology, and leisure studies. Work from a number of those disciplines is represented in this book. This volume includes sections covering Foundations and Theory of Play, Gender and Children's Play, Theory of Mind, Adult-Child Play, and Classroom Play. Scholarly analyses and reports of research from diverse disciplines amplify our understanding of play in Western and non-Western societies.
What is the difference between a wink and a blink? The answer is important not only to philosophers of mind, for significant moral and legal consequences rest on the distinction between voluntary and involuntary behavior. However, "action theory" -- the branch of philosophy that has traditionally articulated the boundaries between action and non-action, and between voluntary and involuntary behavior -- has been unable to account for the difference. Alicia Juarrero argues that a mistaken, 350-year-old model of cause and explanation -- one that takes all causes to be of the push-pull, efficient cause sort, and all explanation to be prooflike -- underlies contemporary theories of action. Juarrero then proposes a new framework for conceptualizing causes based on complex adaptive systems. Thinking of causes as dynamical constraints makes bottom-up and top-down causal relations, including those involving intentional causes, suddenly tractable. A different logic for explaining actions -- as historical narrative, not inference -- follows if one adopts this novel approach to long-standing questions of action and responsibility.
Second-person I-You relations are central to human life yet have been neglected in consciousness research. This book puts that right, and goes further by also including descriptions of animal "person-to-person" interactions. Contributors include: Yoko Arisaka; J. Allen Cheyne; Jonathon Cole; Natalie Depraz; Shaun Gallagher; Vittorio Gallese; Iso Kern; Eduard Marbach; Victoria McGreer; Annabella Pitkin; Sue Savage-Rumbaugh; Barbara Smuts; Anthony Steinbock; Evan Thompson; Kay Toombs; Alan Wallace; and Dan Zahavi.
Traditional economic and financial theory is being challenged because normative, prescriptive models derived from it are not predicting the behavior of successful producers, investors, or consumers as well as anticipated. Economists and psychologists are documenting anomalies at the individual level, in financial markets, and in natural economic settings. This opens the larger question of the importance of psychological, sociological, and other phenomena for financial and economic behavior. It even raises the issue of what economic rationality really is. This book surveys and examines the increasing evidence of economic anomalies. It argues for an eventual, comprehensive behavioral framework for economics and finance, but in the interim, indicates how the tendency to use "rules of thumb" might be taken into account to improve predictions about decision making. The book is aimed at those, including business executives and students, with intermediate-level preparation in economics or finance. Part I, however, is accessible to those with only an introductory course. Part II should prove useful to professionals in economics and finance who seek a solid introduction to this area. The presentation speculates about possible applications of a behavioral analysis to past and present public policy issues. It closes with guidelines for decision making that suggest how, in the absence of a comprehensive behavioral theory of economics and finance, to improve prediction about decision making by taking into account the heuristics, or rules of thumb, used by decision makers and the biases that those heuristics involve.
This Monograph reports a follow-up investigation of children whose early use of television was evaluated at age 5. The follow-up took place more than a decade later when they were in high school. Early viewing of educational and informative TV was related to higher high school grades in English, Science, and Math. Differences in intelligence, parental education, income, or birth order were not causal. The benefit of early educational viewing for later years was stronger for boys than for girls. The opposite was true of the negative impact of early exposure to entertainment cartoons. It was harmful for girls, but not a bad for boys. The medium of television is not homogeneous in its impact on children. Instead, it depends on what they watch and whether they are more vulnerable to neglecting the good programming (boys), or to watching the bad programming (girls), just before their first experience with schooling begins.
Aggression and competition are customarily presented as the natural
state of affairs in both human society and the animal kingdom. Yet,
as this book shows, our species relies heavily on cooperation for
survival as do many others--from wolves and dolphins to monkeys and
apes. A distinguished group of fifty-two authors, including many of
the world's leading experts on human and animal behavior, review
evidence from multiple disciplines on natural conflict resolution,
making the case that reconciliation and compromise are as much a
part of our heritage as is waging war.
The application of psychological principles to research and practice in crime prevention, detection, legal processes and offender treatment is a feature of the growing number of advanced undergraduate courses and graduate courses, and professional training programmes. This book reflects the need to provide an overview of psychological knowledge and its forensic applications and implications, to psychology students and its forensic applications and implications, to psychology students and to related professional disciplines such as psychiatry, nursing, policing, law, prison work and probation.
Emotion and addiction lie on a continuum between simple visceral drives such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire at one end and calm, rational decision making at the other. Although emotion and addiction involve visceral motivation, they are also closely linked to cognition and culture. They thus provide the ideal vehicle for Jon Elster's study of the interrelation between three explanatory approaches to behavior: neurobiology, culture, and choice. The book is organized around parallel analyses of emotion and addiction in order to bring out similarities as well as differences. Elster's study sheds fresh light on the generation of human behavior, ultimately revealing how cognition, choice, and rationality are undermined by the physical processes that underlie strong emotions and cravings. This book will be of particular interest to those studying the variety of human motivations who are dissatisfied with the prevailing reductionisms. *Not for sale in Belgium, France, or Switzerland.
Goleman taught us the importance of Emotional Intelligence. Since the publication of his EQ 'exposition', a whole array of Emotional Intelligence books has appeared, with each title purporting to put those theories of EQ into practice. This book goes deeper. Revealing the structure beneath Emotional Intelligence, 7 Steps utilises its unique framework to combine EQ and Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) - the study of excellence that examines how behaviour is neurologically formulated. 7 Steps confidently integrates the insights of EQ and NLP to promote a greater understanding of how emotions work - and how they can be worked upon. This book is driven by one important message: 'don't just think about it, do it.' A model-based guide packed with powerful NLP exercises and self-assessment techniques, it allows you to generate your own trics, and to partake in an intensive EQ excellence course that utilises the self-programming practices of NLP. A thoroughly structured, functionally formatted guide to improving your EQ, 7 Steps serves as a textbook of EQ theory, a manual of NLP techniques, and a workbook that systematically leads you through the process of dynamic EQ improvement. It ans
This book brings together current theory and research about atypical attachments in infants and young children at developmental risk in order to illustrate and understand some of the key issues in cases that do not fit traditional attachment patterns. It also illuminates a variety of conceptual issues that warrant more empirical attention in future research on parent-child attachment.
This handbook shows how professionals working in social work,
health, education, and psychology can work together to provide an
integrated service to children and adolescents. Outlining the challenges of working in a multi-disciplinary context, it provides key theoretical concepts and describes how to conduct joint assessments and design, deliver and evaluate interventions. Taking a life-span appraoch to working with children of all ages, from infants to adolescents, the key emphasis of the book is on the prevention of children's emotional and behavioural difficulties through effective inter-disciplinary working.
The subject of midlife has been dominated by the woes of aging--menopause, divorce, hormone replacement therapies, aging parents, and fleeing children. Now a broad-ranging new work by clinical psychologist Linda N. Edelstein, Ph.D., "The Art of Midlife," describes the freedom and authenticity that can be made a cornerstone of the middle years. She describes three healthy and predictable phases. First, women relinquish old ways, untying themselves from the past and mourning the losses of youth and its illusions. By placing less emphasis on the needs of others, women can live more creatively and enjoy the present. The women Dr. Edelstein studied have been able to move to the next step, in which they reconnect to themselves. They regain their authentic voices, simplify life, and allow long buried aspects of themselves to emerge. Finally, women refocus their futures. With courage, they embrace new people, ideas, activities, and work--and pursue adult dreams regardless of external rewards. |
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