Open Learning Units offer a very flexible approach to the teaching of psychology. They are designed to be more than sufficient for the purposes of A/S and A--Level psychology, and the applied emphasis will appeal to various vocational courses such as those offered by BTEC and also to mature students on Access courses. Their primary use will be in the classroom with a tutora s guidance, but the interactive style makes them equally appropriate for the purposes of self--study. More advanced students might want to use the Units to learn at their own pace, and in all cases, the careful structure of the writing and the extensive use of Examples, Open Questions and Self--Assessment Questions make them ideal revision guides.

This handbook shows how professionals working in social work, health, education, and psychology can work together to provide an integrated service to children and adolescents.

Outlining the challenges of working in a multi-disciplinary context, it provides key theoretical concepts and describes how to conduct joint assessments and design, deliver and evaluate interventions. Taking a life-span appraoch to working with children of all ages, from infants to adolescents, the key emphasis of the book is on the prevention of children's emotional and behavioural difficulties through effective inter-disciplinary working.

The theories and practices of REBT have been revised, expanded, corrected and updated since its inception in 1995. This volume takes into consideration those REBT therapists who criticise the constant dissection of the therapy, claiming that these innovations make it too complicated for most clients and even for some therapists. Innovations are the life-blood of any therapy that wishes to remain dynamic. This work, written in an easy-to-read style, seeks to strip away the sophistication that can cause confusion and focuses on the essential elements of REBT.

What does it mean to be female? Sarah Blaffer Hrdy--a sociobiologist and a feminist--believes that evolutionary biology can provide some surprising answers. Surprising to those feminists who mistakenly think that biology can only work against women. And surprising to those biologists who incorrectly believe that natural selection operates only on males.

In "The Woman That Never Evolved" we are introduced to our nearest female relatives competitive, independent, sexually assertive primates who have every bit as much at stake in the evolutionary game as their male counterparts do. These females compete among themselves for rank and resources, but will bond together for mutual defense. They risk their lives to protect their young, yet consort with the very male who murdered their offspring when successful reproduction depends upon it. They tolerate other breeding females if food is plentiful, but chase them away when monogamy is the optimal strategy. When "promiscuity" is an advantage, female primates--like their human cousins--exhibit a sexual appetite that ensures a range of breeding partners. From case after case we are led to the conclusion that the sexually passive, noncompetitive, all-nurturing woman of prevailing myth never could have evolved within the primate order.

Yet males are almost universally dominant over females in primate species, and "Homo sapiens" is no exception. As we see from this book, women are in some ways the most oppressed of all female primates. Sarah Blaffer Hrdy is convinced that to redress sexual inequality in human societies, we must first understand its evolutionary origins. We cannot travel back in time to meet our own remote ancestors, but we can study those surrogates we have--the other living primates. If women --and not biology--are to control their own destiny, they must understand the past and, as this book shows us, the biological legacy they have inherited.

How does being male or female shape us? And what, aside from obvious anatomical differences, does being male or female mean? In this book, the distinguished psychologist Eleanor Maccoby explores how individuals express their sexual identity at successive periods of their lives. A book about sex in the broadest sense, The Two Sexes seeks to tell us how our development from infancy through adolescence and into adulthood is affected by gender. Chief among Maccoby's contentions is that gender differences appear primarily in group, or social, contexts. In childhood, boys and girls tend to gravitate toward others of their own sex. The Two Sexes examines why this segregation occurs and how boys' groups and girls' groups develop distinct cultures with different agendas. Deploying evidence from her own research and studies by many other scholars, Maccoby identifies a complex combination of biological, cognitive, and social factors that contribute to gender segregation and group differentiation. A major finding of The Two Sexes is that these childhood experiences in same-sex groups profoundly influence how members of the two sexes relate to one another in adulthood-as lovers, coworkers, and parents. Maccoby shows how, in constructing these adult relationships, men and women utilize old elements from their childhood experiences as well as new ones arising from different adult agendas. Finally, she considers social changes in gender roles in light of her discoveries about the constraints and opportunities implicit in the same-sex and cross-sex relationships of childhood.

As the anthropological study of sex becomes more focused within the discipline, this volume offers a cross-section of current research that examines the biological and cultural interface of sexuality. Through articles dealing with the difficulties in obtaining observational data and the relationship between biological and cultural influences, the contributors seek to understand why anthropology has not been better able to integrate behavioral and ideological approaches. Contributions range from methodological concerns such as the proposal for more holistic studies and the problem of relying strictly on people's reports of their sexual behavior, to substantive issues such as cultural implications of biological research and how different cultures distinguish between romantic love and erotic sex. Integrating a wide range of viewpoints, the volume demonstrates that the study of sexuality is becoming more relevant to anthropology and provides a touchstone for scholars confronted with an increasingly bewildering array of approaches to this topic.

The subject of midlife has been dominated by the woes of aging--menopause, divorce, hormone replacement therapies, aging parents, and fleeing children. Now a broad-ranging new work by clinical psychologist Linda N. Edelstein, Ph.D., "The Art of Midlife," describes the freedom and authenticity that can be made a cornerstone of the middle years. She describes three healthy and predictable phases. First, women relinquish old ways, untying themselves from the past and mourning the losses of youth and its illusions. By placing less emphasis on the needs of others, women can live more creatively and enjoy the present. The women Dr. Edelstein studied have been able to move to the next step, in which they reconnect to themselves. They regain their authentic voices, simplify life, and allow long buried aspects of themselves to emerge. Finally, women refocus their futures. With courage, they embrace new people, ideas, activities, and work--and pursue adult dreams regardless of external rewards.

*Sibling relationships and sibling rivalry are as old as recorded history. This book arises from work with children exploring that ambivalance between siblings, which casts its shadow throughout people's lifetimes and affects their choices of mates, relationships with their children and aversions to other persons.

In this book a psychoanalytic clinician and theoretician of world renown integrates current knowledge of the psychodynamics of individuals, groups, and organizations into a new theoretical framework. Dr. Otto F. Kernberg shows how the interplay of libidinal and aggressive impulses enacted within the dynamic unconscious of the individual also occurs at the level of groups and social organizations. He sheds new light on the turbulent nature of human interactions in groups, suggests how this understanding may help to resolve conflicts at the group and institutional levels, and provides a model for achieving effective institutional change. Dr. Kernberg applies his integrative frame to the analysis of the regressive processes in groups, the nature of institutional leadership, and the conditions of rational functioning that may protect the organization from the most dangerous consequences of regressive group processes. To illustrate the therapeutic uses of the model, he considers its applications to group therapy and the therapeutic community; to illustrate its consultative potential, he includes a section on problems in psychoanalytic organizations. In conclusion, the author extends his theoretical framework to the social sciences, proposing contributions to the psychology of ideology formation, bureaucracy, conventionality, and the political process.

This valuable resource makes it easier than ever for clinicians to create formal treatment plans that satisfy all the demands of HMOs, managed care companies, third-party payers, and state and federal review agencies. Focusing on psychological problems that require treatment in inpatient, partial hospitalization, or intensive outpatient settings, this planner provides treatment planning components for 35 serious adult and adolescent behavioral disorders. Following the user-friendly format found in the bestselling The Complete Psychotherapy Treatment Planner, it helps to prevent treatment plan rejection by insurers and HMOs, and brings heightened focus to the treatment process.

Provides behavioral definitions, long- and short-term goals and objectives, therapeutic interventions, and DSM-IV diagnoses for serious mental disorders in adults and adolescents Organized by 35 major presenting problems and containing more than 1,000 polished treatment plan components Designed for quick reference--treatment plan components can be created from behavioral problem or DSM-IV diagnosis Features a workbook format that offers plenty of space to record customized goals, objectives, and interventions Provides a thorough introduction to treatment planning, plus a sample plan that can be emulated in writing plans that meet all requirements of third-party payers and accrediting agencies, including the JCAHO.

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The Continuum of Care Treatment Planner (book/disk set) 192 pp. Paper (0-471-19569-3). The Chemical Dependence Treatment Planner (book/disk set) 256 pp. Paper (0-471-23794-9). The Complete Psychotherapy Treatment Planner (adult disorders) 176 pp. Paper(0-471-11738-2). The Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy Treatment Planner 240 pp. Paper (0-471-15647-7). TheraScribe(r) 3.0 for Windows(r): The Computerized Assistant Single User (0-471-18415-2) to Psychotherapy Treatment Planning.

It is important for health workers to be effective and confident in their daily communications with clients/patients in order to develop therapeutic relationships. For new students this can be a particularly daunting task, since often this confidence comes from personal experience. This book provides examples of the type of clinical experiences students are likely to have on their student placements and offers a theoretical framework for them to understand and learn from these interchanges. The book illustrates three main theoretical approaches taught to students: Psychodynamic, person-centred and behavioural. The book takes a lifespan approach, covering the care of the child, the adolescent, the adult and the elderly person, including mental-health issues. Each chapter recounts a student's experience of working with a particular client group, enabling the reader to identify with the personal account and relate their own experience to the theoretical approaches under consideration. The reader is encouraged to reflect on the value of each of the theoretical approaches, thereby increasing effectiveness in communicating with patients.

Child study is a very complex field. Human beings, and children, specifically, are very complex beings. Consequently, simple answers and solutions to problems are very often just that: too simple. This text presents principles and methods for studying children in the varied contexts in which they live and function. These theories and methods can be used as a kind of "tool kit" for application in a variety of situations by the people who work with children such as researchers, parents, educators, pediatricians, nurses, social workers, and child psychologists, to name but a few. In short, the book is written for people interested in how to examine and describe children as well as those interested in creating educational environments for children.

If you're good at finding the one right answer to life's multiple-choice questions, you're "smart." But "intelligence" is what you need when contemplating the leftovers in the refrigerator, trying to figure out what might go with them or if you're trying to speak a sentence that you've never spoken before. As Jean Piaget said, intelligence is what you use when you don't know what to do, when all the standard answers are inadequate. This book tries to fathom how our inner life evolves from one topic to another, as we create and reject alternatives. Ever since Darwin, we've known that elegant things can emerge (indeed, self-organize) from "simpler" beginnings. And, says theoretical neurophysiologist William H. Calvin, the bootstrapping of new ideas works much like the immune response or the evolution of a new animal species,except that the brain can turn the Darwinian crank a lot faster, on the time scale of thought and action. Drawing on anthropology, evolutionary biology, linguistics, and the neurosciences, Calvin also considers how a more intelligent brain developed using slow biological improvements over the last few million years. Long ago, evolving jack-of-all trades versatility was encouraged by abrupt climate changes. Now, evolving intelligence uses a nonbiological track: augmenting human intelligence and building intelligent machines.

Diversions and Divergences in Fields of Play reflects the critical efforts of its editors. They have organized recent, quality play scholarship into six thematic sections, including Theorizing Play, Traditional Play, Children's Play, Playful Primates, Resistant Play, and Intertextual Play.

New religious movements-or so-called "cults"-continue to attract and mystify us. While mainstream America views cults as an insidious mix of apocalyptic beliefs, science fiction, and paranoia, with new vehicles such as the World Wide Web, they are becoming even more influential as the millennium approaches. Len Oakes-a former member of such a movement-explores the phenomenon of cult leaders. He examines the psychology of charisma and proposes his own theory of the five-stage life cycle of the two types of prophets: the messianic and the charismatic.

Incidences of aggression and physical violence in society are of growing concern to everyone, but those working in the caring professions are particularily at risk from the very people they are trying to help. Coping with Aggressive Behaviour looks at the incidence of attacks across professional groups and examines:
where and when violence is likely to occur
which individuals are most likely to be attacked
common indicators of an imminent attack
patterns of assault
how both individuals and organizations can deal with incidents when they do occur
what can be done to minimize the occurrence of attacks
how organizations can develop better safety cultures for their staff
how staff can be helped to deal with the aftermath of an attack

Self-assessment exercises and case studies challenge the reader to analyse his/her own experiences and preconceptions of when, and to whom, violence occurs. Providing practical guidance as well as a careful consideration of the issues involved, this book will, be of interest to all those whose work may sometimes necessitate them being in potentially dangerous situations. It is a revised and updated edition of Facing Physical Violence, originally co-published with Routledge.

The Crisis of Love in an Age of Disillusion

"A witty, ironic, poetic, deeply intelligent and iconoclastic book about love . . . serious, wise and ultimately hopeful."--Carol Gilligan

We live in an age when love and power have become virtually interchangeable. Intimate Terrorism is a profound and beautifully written exploration of this condition that draws from psychology, literature, popular culture, current events, and the author's own therapeutic practice to examine the contemporary crisis of intimacy--and suggest what we all might do about it. In doing so it offers one of the most probing readings of the American psyche in years.

Escalations in student violence continue throughout the nation, but inner-city schools are the hardest hit, with classrooms and corridors infected by the anger, aggression, and criminality endemic to street life. Technological surveillance, security personnel, and paramilitary control tactics to maintain order and safety are the common administrative response. Essential educational programs are routinely slashed from school budgets, even as the number of guards, cameras, and metal detectors continues to multiply.
Based on years of frontline experience in New York's inner-city schools, "Maximum Security" demonstrates that such policing strategies are not only ineffectual, they divorce students and teachers from their ethical and behavioral responsibilities. Exploring the culture of violence from within, John Devine argues that the security system, with its uniformed officers and invasive high-tech surveillance, has assumed presumptive authority over students' bodies and behavior, negating the traditional roles of teachers as guardians and agents of moral instruction. The teacher is reduced to an information bureaucrat, a purveyor of technical knowledge, while the student's physical well-being and ethical actions are left to the suspect scrutiny of electronic devices and security specialists with no pedagogical mission, training, or interest. The result is not a security system at all, but an insidious institutional disengagement from the caring supervision of the student body.
With uncompromising honesty, Devine provides a powerful portrayal of an educational system in crisis and bold new insight into the malignant culture of school violence.

This guide provides the practitioner with an introduction to the use of behavioural methods in order to alleviate childhood behaviour problems. The book includes photocopiable material to give to parents as handouts, to be used as preliminaries to planning a programme for the child's behaviour problem(s).

This work addresses the manifold difficulties that both client and therapist bring to Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT). It offers ways of tackling difficulties that should assist their resolution and thereby help to build a productive and less stressful therapeutic relationship. The authors stress that the use of persistence, force, ingenuity, energy and persuasion are more likely to overcome blocks in therapy than stale, unimaginative approaches. They see the discovery of new techniques and strategies for removing roadblocks in therapy as one of the continual pleasures and challenges in REBT, and their enthusiasm for problem-solving is communicated to the reader.

Fritz Wittels (1880-1950) was a pioneering Viennese psychoanalyst, the first biographer of Freud (1924), and intermittently friend and rival of Freud himself, of Wilhelm Stekel, and of their famous satirical adversary, Karl Kraus. Towards the end of his life, while living and practising as an analyst in the United States, Wittels wrote a two-hundred page memoir of his early life and career in Vienna. The typescript memoirs, held in the archives of the Abraham Brill Library, New York, are published here for the first time, accompanied by a range of little-known illustrations. Incomplete in places, they have been deftly edited, contextualised and introduced by Edward Timms, whose many valuable explanatory notes include the identification of the 'child woman' of the title. In his memoirs Wittels writes frankly and vividly about the erotic sub-culture of fin-de-siecle Vienna and about early controversies within the Psychoanalytic Society. His picture of the interaction between the two is startingly original, and will appeal not only to historians of psychoanalysis, but to anyone interested in the Viennese cultural avant-garde.The erotic triangles in which Wittels, Kraus and Freud were involved are shown to have impinged directly on the activities of the famous Society. Freud himself plays a crucial role in the story, and the book as a whole is of exceptional importance for the origins of psychoanalysis. Edward Timms was Professor of German and Director of the Centre for German-Jewish Studies at the University of Sussex. Among his publications is 'Karl Kraus: Apocalyptic Satirist' (1986), and he is co-editor of 'Freud in Exile: Psychoanalysis and its Vicissitudes' (1988) and of 'Austrian Exodus: The Creative Achievements of Refugees from National Socialism' (1995).

During the past two decades there has been a growing level of concern worldwide regarding the importance of ethical issues within the conduct of behavioral sciences research. This book seeks to reflect that concern, attempting throughout to strike a balance between the rights and welfare of the participants of research and the rights of the researchers to pursue a fuller understanding of behavior. Discussion within the text ranges from problems encountered in the conduct of human subject and animal subject research in both laboratory and field settings to the issues surrounding integrity in the analysis of data and professional ethical principles.

Each chapter includes illustrative case studies of ethically controversial investigations which, combined with a full bibliography, encourage the reader to more in-depth study.

Students embarking on Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) training are often faced with lengthy and complicated texts from which to learn the theory and practice of the approach. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy in a Nutshell provides a relief from this by providing a concise and comprehensive guide to all the key elements of REBT.

The authors believe that students of REBT can enhance their knowledge of the approach only if they have fully grasped the basics first. They offer a succinct introduction to REBT which students can use as a starting point before adding to their knowledge through further reading and learning. The book opens with an explanation of the ABCDE Model of Emotional Disturbance and Change which is the centrepiece of REBT theory and practice. The authors present the model in a way which is easy to grasp, but also has the depth of coverage needed for full understanding.

Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy in a Nutshell provides coverage of other fundamental areas including:

o assessment;

o disputing;

o homework;

o working through;

o promoting self-change.

This book will be invaluable to those embarking on REBT training who want a concise, clear and informed introduction to the approach.

Windy Dryden currently works at Goldsmiths College where he is Professor of Psychotherapeutic Studies as well as being the Programme Co-ordinator of the MSc in Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy and the Diploma in Cognitive Approaches to Counselling and Psychotherapy. Michael Neenan works for the Centre for Stress Management, Blackheath.

In July 1993, a scientific event made front-page news: the discovery that genetics plays a significant role in determining homosexuality. In The Science of Desire, Dean Hamer -- the scientist behind the groundbreaking study -- tells the inside story of how the discovery was made and what it means, not only for our understanding of sexuality, but for human behavior in general.

In this accessible and remarkably clear book, Dean Hamer expands on the account of his history-making research to explore the scientific, social, and ethical issues raised by his findings. Dr. Hamer addresses such tough questions as whether it would be possible or ethical to test in utero for the gay gene; whether genetic manipulation could or should be used to alter a person's sexuality; and how a gay gene could have survived evolution.

A compelling behind-the-scenes look at cutting-edge scientific inquiry, as well as a brilliant examination of the ramifications of genetic research, The Science of Desire is a lasting resource in the increasingly significant debate over the role that genetics plays in our lives.

From reviews of the hardback: "A fascinating book which deserves a wide audience." European Medical Journal

"a very significant contribution to the field of evolutionary thinking on human psychology and culture." British Journal of Medical Psychology

Researchers have long been aware that the species-typical architecture of the human mind is the product of our evolutionary history, but it has only been in the last three decades that advances in such fields as evolutionary biology, cognitive psychology, and paleoanthropology have been made which have highlighted these changes. This book introduces the newly crystallizing field of evolutionary psychology to a wider scientific audience and focuses on the evolved information-processing mechanisms that comprise the human mind.