This is a practical examination of the behaviours that people with autism may exhibit that other people may find challenging. In order to help the autistic person to move on from these behaviours, it is important to understand their causes. The authors describe those characteristics of autism - sensitivity to environmental stimuli and difficulties with communication, problem solving, physical movement and emotional well being - which contribute to behaviours which other people may find unacceptable and which in some cases may be harmful to themselves. Drawing on research and on their own clinical experience, Clements and Zarkowska provide practical advice for dealing with challenging behaviour and for looking beyond it to solve the problem it manifests. They include useful tips on how to avoid reinforcing challenging behaviours and creating situations which might give rise to them, and principles for implementing strategies for change.

Freud's excellent lectures introducing the key pillars of psychoanalytic practice and theory are presented here complete. Delivered between 1915 and 1917, the lectures detail theories pioneered by Freud. Delivered in the later part of his career, these lectures are a retrospective summary of the ideas which revolutionized psychology in the early 20th century. It is here that the fully-formed ideas are expressed clearly, with the added benefit of experiences Freud had in employing his methods to treat sufferers of mental illness and neuroses. The translation of the lectures to English was accomplished by Freud's contemporary G. Stanley Hall. Since first appearing in 1920, this rendition of the lectures has been praised for accurately relaying the concepts, theory and practices behind Freudian psychoanalysis. This edition also contains an introductory preface by Hall, who explains the intellectual context and rival theories present in the-then fledgling scientific discipline of psychology.

Antisocial behaviour terrifies most, if not all human beings. This fear leads to various, previously learned ways of trying to defend against it. It often leads to disrespect in relationships and wars between countries. On a professional level, it has given rise to resources such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual to prevent this behaviour. This book uses case studies, client narratives and socio-political examples to show these different forms of defence are often, ironically also the fuel of growing antisocial and prosocial behaviour. Seeing antisocial behaviour as a resource for learning new skills of defence (instead of justification for disrespect), and using it transformatively, could result in different consequences, based on interpersonal, national and international growth. Prevention and transformation of antisocial behaviour depends crucially on our commitment to look critically at ourselves and the work people do so that society can develop a sense of agency. In this book, the author uses examples from a developing country, South Africa (and as it has learned from other countries, particularly the United States), as a microcosm. Its mission over the past twenty-two years has been to transform from a country ravaged by disrespect to one of mutual respect. It has largely failed, not due to lack of intention, but because of not knowing how legacies from the past are persistent in the identity of the country as they are in the identities of people as individuals and in their relationships. Nonetheless, there are instances where lessons from the past have been used to transform the present. This broad analysis of antisocial behaviour in South Africa can be of particular interest not only in this country, but also to other countries plagued by growing levels of crime and violence.

First published in 1967, this work has become a benchmark of popular anthropology and psychology. Morris considers humans as being simply another animal species.

Our world and bodies are becoming increasingly polluted with chemicals capable of interfering with our hormones and thus, possibly, our present and future neural and mental health. As authors Heather Patisaul and Scott Belcher outline, there is a large lack of data and evidence in this causal relationship, which begs a need for further study to accelerate progress in the endocrinology and neuroendocrinology fields. Endocrine Disruptors, Brain, and Behavior focuses on if and how these chemicals, known as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), affect the development and function of the brain and might be contributing to neural disorders rapidly rising in prevalence. The book provides an overall synthesis of the EDC field, including its historical roots, major hypotheses, key findings, and research gaps. The authors explain why even the concept of endocrine disruption is controversial in some circles, how differing definitions of endocrine disruption and what constitutes an "adverse" outcome on the brain shape public policy, and where the current capacity by different stakeholders (industry, academia, regulatory agencies) to evaluate chemicals for safety in a regulatory context begins and ends. The book concludes with suggestions for future research needs and a summary of emerging technology which might prove capable of more effectively evaluating existing and emerging chemicals for endocrine disrupting properties. As such, it provides the context for interdisciplinary and innovative input from a broad spectrum of fields, including those well-schooled in neuroscience, evolutionary biology, brain, behavior, sex differences, and neuroendocrinology.

Traditionally economists have based their economic predictions on the assumption that humans are super-rational creatures, using the information we are given efficiently and generally making selfish decisions that work well for us as individuals. Economists also assume that we're doing the very best we can possibly do - not only for today, but over our whole lifetimes too. But increasingly the study of behavioural economics is revealing that our lives are not that simple. Instead, our decisions are complicated by our own psychology. Each of us makes mistakes every day. We don't always know what's best for us and, even if we do, we might not have the self-control to deliver on our best intentions. We struggle to stay on diets, to get enough exercise and to manage our money. We misjudge risky situations. We are prone to herding: sometimes peer pressure leads us blindly to copy others around us; other times copying others helps us to learn quickly about new, unfamiliar situations. This Very Short Introduction explores the reasons why we make irrational decisions; how we decide quickly; why we make mistakes in risky situations; our tendency to procrastination; and how we are affected by social influences, personality, mood and emotions. The implications of understanding the rationale for our own financial behaviour are huge. Behavioural economics could help policy-makers to understand the people behind their policies, enabling them to design more effective policies, while at the same time we could find ourselves assaulted by increasingly savvy marketing. Michelle Baddeley concludes by looking forward, to see what the future of behavioural economics holds for us. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

This is a new release of the original 1950 edition.

Elva R Ainsworth is widely regarded as one of the UK's leading practitioners and trainers in the field of 360 degree feedback. A real determination to help people see their personal and organisational blindspots has fuelled Elva's work in the area of all-round behavioural insight. This has driven her twenty years' experience in designing and delivering 360 degree feedback projects globally and her appetite to incorporate some of the latest insights on change processes. "360 Degree Feedback: A Transformational Approach" reveals unique and powerful methodologies creatively illustrated with real examples of what is possible. This book is essential reading for HR and OD professionals, consultants and coaches who wish to take their skills to a new level.

Behavioral Principles in Communicative Disorders: Applications to Assessment and Treatment covers basic principles of the science of behaviorism and applies those principles to the assessment and treatment of communicative disorders. It begins with the history and basic principles of behaviorism, as well as a chapter examining Skinner's (1957) concept of verbal behavior and functional units of verbal behavior. The text then discusses functional behavior assessment, the formulation of operationally defined target behaviors, discrete trial treatment procedures, and various techniques for increasing desirable behaviors and decreasing undesirable behaviors. The concluding chapters describe single-case research designs that support the efficacy of behavioral principles, and address ethical questions and historic controversies surrounding the application of those principles.Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) seek to change communicative behaviors in the clients they serve; the principles of behavioral science have many applications to the assessment and treatment of communicative disorders.There is a vast body of evidence indicating the efficacy of behavioral approaches in behavior modification, and SLPs have been charged by their professional association to employ evidence-based practices. Also, there is an appreciation for the usefulness of behavioral principles in treating clients with very severe communicative disorders, such as autism, apraxia, and dysfluency. This is evidenced by the development of the field of applied behavior analysis and the growing numbers of board certified behavior analysts (BCBA), with whom SLPs may be called upon to collaborate.Behavioral Principles in Communicative Disorders is primarily designed for practicing speech-language pathologists looking for detailed descriptions of evidence-based treatment procedures, as well as professors and students in university programs in communicative disorders. However, professionals in other fields, such as applied behavior analysis and special education, will also find this to be a highly useful text.