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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Philosophy & theory of psychology > Behavioural theory (Behaviourism)
"Abnormal Psychology "by Sue, Sue, and Sue was the first text in its field to present a thoroughly integrated multicultural perspective; the Eighth Edition offers integration of multicultural models and the most extensive coverage available. This program provides students with an understanding of abnormal behavior as both a scientific and a clinical field, while offering insight into the tools used by mental health professionals to study and treat disorders. The text combines a student-friendly approach to understanding abnormal psychology with scholarship of the highest quality. This edition includes thoroughly updated research and case studies, and is accompanied by a comprehensive support package for both instructors and students."Mental Health & Society" boxes address controversial issues with wide implications for our society. They are intended to stimulate critical thinking, evoke alternative views, provoke discussion, and draw students into issues that help them better explore the wider meaning of abnormal behavior in our society."Critical Thinking" boxes provide factual evidence and thought-provoking questions that raise key issues in research, examine widely held assumptions about abnormal behavior, or challenge the student's own understanding of the text material.A web icon on many of the boxes indicates that there is a corresponding interactive exercise on the student web site.Additional features includes "Myth vs. Reality" discussions, "Case Studies and Examples," "Chapter-opening Outlines" and "Focus Questions," and integrated "Chapter Summaries" keyed to the "Focus Questions."
A long-awaited book from developmental disorders expert John
Morton, "Understanding Developmental Disorders: A Causal Modelling
Approach" makes sense of the many competing theories about what can
go wrong with early brain development, causing a child to develop
outside the normal range.
1928. Contents: Part One. Psychology and Life; Sex Among the Moderns; The Freudian Emphasis on Sex; The Role of Inferiority in Human Behavior; Psychiatry to the Rescue; Is Prostitution Petering Out?; and Problems of the Sexes. Contents: Part Two. Human Nature in the Making; The Science of Reeducation; Mental Hygiene: The Quintessence of the New Psychology; A Psycho-Sexual Inventory; The Problem of Childhood; The New Educational Psychiatry; and The Psychoneurotic Situation in our Colleges.
Short of inventing a time machine, we will never see our extinct forebears in action and be able to determine directly how human behaviour and culture has developed. However, we can learn from our closest living relatives, the African great apes. The Cultured Chimpanzee explores the astonishing variation in chimpanzee behavior across their range, which cannot be explained by individual learning, genetic or environmental influences. It promotes the view that this rich diversity in social life and material culture reflects social learning of traditions, and more closely resembles cultural variety in humans than the simpler behavior of other animal species. This stimulating book shows that the field of cultural primatology may therefore help us to reconstruct the cultural evolution of Homo sapiens from earlier forms, and that it is essential for anthropologists, archaeologists and zoologists to work together to develop a stronger understanding of human and primate cultural evolution. ?? First book to provide a synthetic analysis of chimpanzee culture, covering both material and social culture ?? Models the origins and evolution of human culture using our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees ?? A significant and stimulating book which examines how anthropology, animal behavior and psychology must come together to truly understand the basis for human and animal culture
First published as Counselling Individuals: A Rational-Emotive Approach, this book is a clear and systematic guide to using rational-emotive therapy ? RET ? in counselling individuals.
"In outlining the sequence of our material, we deemed it necessary to show ways of eliminating functional disorders of the higher nervous activity of man by psychotherapeutic methods. In this our investigations were concerned both with the nearest subcortical region and the two signal systems of reality, the normal co-ordination of which underlies the healthy personality, the integrity of our 'ego.' ."The object of our monograph is to show precisely what psychotherapy can and does effect under certain conditions. Not only somatologists but frequently even psychiatrists, have inadequate knowledge of the efficacy of psychotherapy. In order that the methods of psychotherapy be extensively introduced into medical practice, we need facts directly testifying to its efficacy. It has been our object to give these facts since, according to Pavlov, 'facts are the breath of life for the scientist.' At the same time, we intended to acquaint the reader with our methods of studying and employing psychotherapy on the basis of Pavlov's teachings."
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is radically changing the way people manage problems in their lives and has a profoundly positive effect on job satisfaction for mental health workers. The Case Study Guide to Cognitive Behaviour Therapy of Psychosis is written by practitioners from differing clinical backgrounds and at different stages in their use of CBT. It provides vibrant and colourful descriptions of patient and therapist problems and the use of various techniques with them. Although founded in theory and research, the focus is on the practical use of CBT with patients whose symptom types will be recognisable instantly to mental health workers world-wide. There is a brief description of therapeutic methods at the start followed by the collection of case studies. At the end, a training, supervision and implementation section enables practitioners to move from contemplation to adoption of these remarkable developments in their own practice and service. Trainees on courses in psychosocial interventions e.g THORN and CBT courses, and professional trainees e.g those on Clinical Psychology, Mental Nurse and Psychiatry courses will find this book an essential resource and fascinating read. Mental health workers in mental health teams and services will also find the book of major importance to their work, and it will be of considerable interest to voluntary service workers in mental health charities.
"[A] significant contribution to the national debate about violent criminal behavior."—Senator Joe Lieberman
This is the first book devoted to group therapy applications of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT). REBT is an active--directive, psychoeducational approach to psychotherapy and as such it is very well suited to being practised with groups. This book shows the range of these applications from regular group therapy to specialised group interventions such as nine hour intensives and Albert Ellis's famous A"Friday Night Workshop.A" Also featured are chapters on a brief, group--based, structured educational approach to teaching unconditional self--acceptance using REBT and the use of the group in training and supervising REBT therapists in training.
What is the difference between a wink and a blink? The answer is important not only to philosophers of mind, for significant moral and legal consequences rest on the distinction between voluntary and involuntary behavior. However, "action theory" -- the branch of philosophy that has traditionally articulated the boundaries between action and non-action, and between voluntary and involuntary behavior -- has been unable to account for the difference. Alicia Juarrero argues that a mistaken, 350-year-old model of cause and explanation -- one that takes all causes to be of the push-pull, efficient cause sort, and all explanation to be prooflike -- underlies contemporary theories of action. Juarrero then proposes a new framework for conceptualizing causes based on complex adaptive systems. Thinking of causes as dynamical constraints makes bottom-up and top-down causal relations, including those involving intentional causes, suddenly tractable. A different logic for explaining actions -- as historical narrative, not inference -- follows if one adopts this novel approach to long-standing questions of action and responsibility.
While most people find it relatively easy to manage their possessions, some find it extremely difficult. If you have a problem resisting the urge to acquire and you find your home cluttered and filled to capacity with items many people would find useless and unnecessary, you may suffer from a condition known as hoarding disorder. Hoarding is a behavioral problem consisting of clutter, difficulty discarding items, and excessive buying or acquiring. Hoarding is often associated with significant reduction in quality of life, and in extreme cases, it can pose serious health risks. If you or a loved one has hoarding disorder, this book can help. This fully updated Second Edition of Buried in Treasures outlines a scientifically based, effective program for helping those with hoarding disorder dig their way out of the clutter and chaos of their homes. Written by scientists and practioners who are leaders in studying and treating hoarding disorder, this book outlines a program of skill-building, learning to think about possessions in a different way, and gradual challenges to help people manage their clutter and their lives. It also provides useful information for family and friends of people who hoard, as they struggle to understand and help. Discover the reasons for your problems with acquiring, saving, and hoarding, and learn new ways of thinking about your possessions so you can decide what you really need and what you can do without. Learn to identify the "bad guys" that cause and maintain your hoarding behavior and meet the "good guys" who can help motivate you and put you on the path to change. Useful self-assessments will help you determine the severity of your problem. Training exercises, case examples, organizing tips, and motivation boosters help change the way you think and behave toward your possessions. This book provides easy-to-understand strategies and techniques that anyone can use.
"Theory in and out of Context" furthers discourse and understanding about the complex phenomenon we know as play. Play, as a human and animal activity, can be understood in terms of cultural, social, evolutionary, psychological, and philosophical perspectives.This effort necessarily includes inquiry from a range of disciplines, including history, sociology, psychology, education, biology, anthropology, and leisure studies. Work from a number of those disciplines is represented in this book. This volume includes sections covering Foundations and Theory of Play, Gender and Children's Play, Theory of Mind, Adult-Child Play, and Classroom Play. Scholarly analyses and reports of research from diverse disciplines amplify our understanding of play in Western and non-Western societies.
This Monograph reports a follow-up investigation of children whose early use of television was evaluated at age 5. The follow-up took place more than a decade later when they were in high school. Early viewing of educational and informative TV was related to higher high school grades in English, Science, and Math. Differences in intelligence, parental education, income, or birth order were not causal. The benefit of early educational viewing for later years was stronger for boys than for girls. The opposite was true of the negative impact of early exposure to entertainment cartoons. It was harmful for girls, but not a bad for boys. The medium of television is not homogeneous in its impact on children. Instead, it depends on what they watch and whether they are more vulnerable to neglecting the good programming (boys), or to watching the bad programming (girls), just before their first experience with schooling begins.
Emotion and addiction lie on a continuum between simple visceral drives such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire at one end and calm, rational decision making at the other. Although emotion and addiction involve visceral motivation, they are also closely linked to cognition and culture. They thus provide the ideal vehicle for Jon Elster's study of the interrelation between three explanatory approaches to behavior: neurobiology, culture, and choice. The book is organized around parallel analyses of emotion and addiction in order to bring out similarities as well as differences. Elster's study sheds fresh light on the generation of human behavior, ultimately revealing how cognition, choice, and rationality are undermined by the physical processes that underlie strong emotions and cravings. This book will be of particular interest to those studying the variety of human motivations who are dissatisfied with the prevailing reductionisms. *Not for sale in Belgium, France, or Switzerland.
Aggression and competition are customarily presented as the natural
state of affairs in both human society and the animal kingdom. Yet,
as this book shows, our species relies heavily on cooperation for
survival as do many others--from wolves and dolphins to monkeys and
apes. A distinguished group of fifty-two authors, including many of
the world's leading experts on human and animal behavior, review
evidence from multiple disciplines on natural conflict resolution,
making the case that reconciliation and compromise are as much a
part of our heritage as is waging war.
Traditional economic and financial theory is being challenged because normative, prescriptive models derived from it are not predicting the behavior of successful producers, investors, or consumers as well as anticipated. Economists and psychologists are documenting anomalies at the individual level, in financial markets, and in natural economic settings. This opens the larger question of the importance of psychological, sociological, and other phenomena for financial and economic behavior. It even raises the issue of what economic rationality really is. This book surveys and examines the increasing evidence of economic anomalies. It argues for an eventual, comprehensive behavioral framework for economics and finance, but in the interim, indicates how the tendency to use "rules of thumb" might be taken into account to improve predictions about decision making. The book is aimed at those, including business executives and students, with intermediate-level preparation in economics or finance. Part I, however, is accessible to those with only an introductory course. Part II should prove useful to professionals in economics and finance who seek a solid introduction to this area. The presentation speculates about possible applications of a behavioral analysis to past and present public policy issues. It closes with guidelines for decision making that suggest how, in the absence of a comprehensive behavioral theory of economics and finance, to improve prediction about decision making by taking into account the heuristics, or rules of thumb, used by decision makers and the biases that those heuristics involve.
The application of psychological principles to research and practice in crime prevention, detection, legal processes and offender treatment is a feature of the growing number of advanced undergraduate courses and graduate courses, and professional training programmes. This book reflects the need to provide an overview of psychological knowledge and its forensic applications and implications, to psychology students and its forensic applications and implications, to psychology students and to related professional disciplines such as psychiatry, nursing, policing, law, prison work and probation.
This book brings together current theory and research about atypical attachments in infants and young children at developmental risk in order to illustrate and understand some of the key issues in cases that do not fit traditional attachment patterns. It also illuminates a variety of conceptual issues that warrant more empirical attention in future research on parent-child attachment.
The attachment bond that develops between infant and mother is the first of many intimate relationships we form throughout life, and as such it has been the focus of much research. But how does the quality of the secure base phenomena that defines this bond vary among individuals and across cultures? What methods can be used to asses its presence and characteristics? Following an interview with Mary S. Ainsworth, the originator of the concept of secure base, this new Monograph brings together eleven papers that consolidate our understanding of the empirical advances that have occurred in attachment research. The collection is organized into three sections. Part One includes papers on the generalizability of attachment theory and data, including cross-cultural research. Part Two addresses both normative and individual differences among mothers, children, caregivers, and their interactions--and methods for the valid assessment of these. Part Three examines the mental representations that children use to depict their different attachment relationships. Together these papers will stimulate child development specialists and students to explore different assessment methods and to move beyond current understandings of attachment.
Goleman taught us the importance of Emotional Intelligence. Since the publication of his EQ 'exposition', a whole array of Emotional Intelligence books has appeared, with each title purporting to put those theories of EQ into practice. This book goes deeper. Revealing the structure beneath Emotional Intelligence, 7 Steps utilises its unique framework to combine EQ and Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) - the study of excellence that examines how behaviour is neurologically formulated. 7 Steps confidently integrates the insights of EQ and NLP to promote a greater understanding of how emotions work - and how they can be worked upon. This book is driven by one important message: 'don't just think about it, do it.' A model-based guide packed with powerful NLP exercises and self-assessment techniques, it allows you to generate your own trics, and to partake in an intensive EQ excellence course that utilises the self-programming practices of NLP. A thoroughly structured, functionally formatted guide to improving your EQ, 7 Steps serves as a textbook of EQ theory, a manual of NLP techniques, and a workbook that systematically leads you through the process of dynamic EQ improvement. It ans
Open Learning Units offer a very flexible approach to the teaching of psychology. They are designed to be more than sufficient for the purposes of A/S and A--Level psychology, and the applied emphasis will appeal to various vocational courses such as those offered by BTEC and also to mature students on Access courses. Their primary use will be in the classroom with a tutora s guidance, but the interactive style makes them equally appropriate for the purposes of self--study. More advanced students might want to use the Units to learn at their own pace, and in all cases, the careful structure of the writing and the extensive use of Examples, Open Questions and Self--Assessment Questions make them ideal revision guides.
This handbook shows how professionals working in social work,
health, education, and psychology can work together to provide an
integrated service to children and adolescents. Outlining the challenges of working in a multi-disciplinary context, it provides key theoretical concepts and describes how to conduct joint assessments and design, deliver and evaluate interventions. Taking a life-span appraoch to working with children of all ages, from infants to adolescents, the key emphasis of the book is on the prevention of children's emotional and behavioural difficulties through effective inter-disciplinary working.
The theories and practices of REBT have been revised, expanded, corrected and updated since its inception in 1995. This volume takes into consideration those REBT therapists who criticise the constant dissection of the therapy, claiming that these innovations make it too complicated for most clients and even for some therapists. Innovations are the life-blood of any therapy that wishes to remain dynamic. This work, written in an easy-to-read style, seeks to strip away the sophistication that can cause confusion and focuses on the essential elements of REBT.
As the anthropological study of sex becomes more focused within the discipline, this volume offers a cross-section of current research that examines the biological and cultural interface of sexuality. Through articles dealing with the difficulties in obtaining observational data and the relationship between biological and cultural influences, the contributors seek to understand why anthropology has not been better able to integrate behavioral and ideological approaches. Contributions range from methodological concerns such as the proposal for more holistic studies and the problem of relying strictly on people's reports of their sexual behavior, to substantive issues such as cultural implications of biological research and how different cultures distinguish between romantic love and erotic sex. Integrating a wide range of viewpoints, the volume demonstrates that the study of sexuality is becoming more relevant to anthropology and provides a touchstone for scholars confronted with an increasingly bewildering array of approaches to this topic.
The subject of midlife has been dominated by the woes of aging--menopause, divorce, hormone replacement therapies, aging parents, and fleeing children. Now a broad-ranging new work by clinical psychologist Linda N. Edelstein, Ph.D., "The Art of Midlife," describes the freedom and authenticity that can be made a cornerstone of the middle years. She describes three healthy and predictable phases. First, women relinquish old ways, untying themselves from the past and mourning the losses of youth and its illusions. By placing less emphasis on the needs of others, women can live more creatively and enjoy the present. The women Dr. Edelstein studied have been able to move to the next step, in which they reconnect to themselves. They regain their authentic voices, simplify life, and allow long buried aspects of themselves to emerge. Finally, women refocus their futures. With courage, they embrace new people, ideas, activities, and work--and pursue adult dreams regardless of external rewards. |
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