Explores how antiviral nanomaterials can be used in developing targeted drug delivery practices and enable pharmaceutical industries to reformulate available drugs on market Covers immunization, imaging, and drug delivery and features various case studies on managing viral diseases Addresses synthesis protocols and recent developments by performing physicochemistry on virion substrate, hybrid viral networks, and multilayered arrays thus enabling R&D experts to study and successfully instigate cutting-edge technologies unique to viruses Discusses current and near future applications of antiviral nanomaterials and their activity in drug delivery systems Describes the role of nanotechnology in prevention, detection, and treatment of COVID-19 Investigates the role of antiviral nanodrugs play in human and animal body systems and in major viral disease types.

- Provides updated and detailed information about bioinformatics for human genomics research - Brings information from multiple areas of bioinformatics in one place - Facilitates application of key computational methods in human genomics research

Nanomedicine, a scientific branch of nanotechnology that operates on the same scale as biology, offers the possibility of influencing the healing process from inside of the body by manipulating the matter at cellular or molecular levels. Throughout this book, current healing approaches based on this revolutionary new technology are summarized from a scientific assessment. The aim of the authors is to give, through select examples, a deep insight to nanotechnology status and the great progress that its rigorous application will bring to human health. The authors' commitment is to broaden the vision of health professionals who will eventually be the future users of this knowledge.

Basic curiosity-driven biomedical science has delivered many of today's most significant medical advances. This book provides clearly explained examples from recent biomedical history and includes convincing arguments for sustaining a robust portfolio of basic research. Intended as an engaging read, which will delight undergraduate and graduate students, as well as scientific researchers, it is full-throated advocacy of basic science. Illustrations and examples include the discoveries of penicillin and insulin, and the breakthrough elucidation of the genetic code. Providing both compelling rationale in support of basic science, and a fascinating look through the history of modern biomedical research, this book highlights with stirring examples why basic biomedical research is so important, and how so many key advances in medicine are derived from basic research. The book also offers a rationale for scientific inquiry and a broader understanding of the history of modern biomedical research missing from today's classrooms. Key Features 1) Provides clear explanations of great scientific discoveries 2) Illustrates connections between basic research findings and modern medicine 3) Includes compelling graphics/diagrams/illustrations 4) Accessible to the general public 5) Offers background for more specialized readers, including researchers as well as those with advanced degrees. Related Titles Staddon, J. Scientific Method: How Science Works, Fails to Work, and Pretends to Work (ISBN 978-1-1382-9536-0) Helliwell, J. R. Skills for Scientific Life (ISBN 978-1-4987-6875-7) MacRitchie, F. Scientific Research as a Career (ISBN 978-1-4398-6965-9)

Bio-butanol has gained wide recognition globally as an advanced biofuel, which can be used directly as a substitute for gasoline in internal combustion engines. This book provides readers with an in-depth knowledge of the various aspects and steps involved in butanol production. Further, the current global status, history, various technologies adopted for butanol production from different feedstocks, and the role of microorganisms in the production process are also covered. The book has 12 chapters, with each chapter dedicated to covering various aspects of butanol, from production to applications.

This book 'Extremophiles: Wastewater and Algal Biorefinery' explores the potential of extremophiles/extremotolerant organisms in wastewater treatment, biorefining of algal biomass and in the treatment of industrial waste effluent. The book provides a holistic overview about the current status of extremophiles in waste water treatment and various industrial processes. The chapters comprehensively cover the scientific and research findings on various industrial applications of extremophiles such as biofuels, extremozymes, electricity generation, biofilms, microbial corrosion and waste water treatment etc. This book is an integrated source of literature for the scientists, engineers, academicians, and students working in the area of extremophiles, microbial technology and biorefinery.

For the power industry, biomass is just a modern name for the ancient material of plant origin that was converted into energy in the simple technology of burning. This book discusses biomass as a raw material for the production of liquid or gaseous biofuels and valuable chemicals. Such biomass processing should be beneficial from both economic and environmental points of view. Classic technologies of biogas production are still being improved, but they always generate waste that differs in terms of chemical parameters, depending on the feedstock digested. These parameters dictate the manner of their final managing. Various biotechnologies allow the use of the biomass of hydrobionts, such as cyanobacteria as a raw substance for obtaining different products, e.g. hyaluronic acid, biopolymers, fertilizers, or even drugs. Animal fats or algae can be used to produce biodiesel which in turn is used in environmentally friendly urban transport. Even municipal solid waste can be a source of useful biomass. The authors show how its volume and composition can be predicted, by which form of processing it can be converted into valuable products, as well as in which ways its negative environmental impact can be limited.

Explores planning for biogas plants as a pre-requisite to develop a functional plant balancing energy production and consumption Gives out detailed provision of the types of substances that are and can be used for biogas production covering animal wastes, municipal and industrial wastes Provides knowledge for aspiring biogas producers as well as decision makers, specifically in the context of Nigeria Covers use of digestrate for anaerobic digestion as a waste treatment method and on the input (feedstock) to the biogas plant Compares carbon dioxide emissions from biogas plants with fossil fuel plants

Biomass for Bioenergy and Biomaterials presents an overview of recent studies developed specifically for lignocellulose-based production of biofuels, biochemicals, and functional materials. The emphasis is on using sustainable chemistry and engineering to develop innovative materials and fuels for practical applications. Technological strategies for the physical processing or biological conversion of biomass for material production are also presented. FEATURES Offers a comprehensive view of biomass processing, biofuel production, life cycle assessment, techno-economic analysis, and biochemical and biomaterial production Presents details of innovative strategies to pretreat biomass Helps readers understand the underlying metabolic pathways and identify the best engineering strategies for their native strain Highlights different strategies to make biomaterials from biomass Provides insight into the potential economic viability of the biomass-based process This book serves as an ideal reference for academic researchers and engineers working with renewable natural materials, the biorefining of lignocellulose, and biofuels. It can also be used as a comprehensive reference source for university students in metabolic, chemical, and environmental engineering.

Removal of Pollutants from Saline Water: Treatment Technologies provides a comprehensive understanding of technologies that are currently adopted in the treatment of pollutants present in saline water systems. It provides information on the treatment technologies for saline water systems, including seawater, brackish water, oil-produced water, and other industrial saline wastewaters. FEATURES Presents information exclusively for saline water pollutant removal Introduces current treatment technologies and addresses why and how the techniques differ between fresh and salt water Offers an inclusive overview of physicochemical, biological, membrane, and advanced oxidation treatment technologies Features various perspectives and case studies from relevant global experts Provides a comprehensive one-stop source for the treatment of pollutants in all saline water systems Aimed at students, academicians, researchers, and practicing engineers in the fields of chemical, civil, marine, and environmental engineering who wish to be acquainted with the most recent developments in the treatment of pollutants present in saline water systems. Prof. Dr. Shaik Feroz works at Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. He has 30 years of experience in teaching, research, and industry. He has more than 190 publications to his credit in journals and conferences of international repute. He was awarded "Best Researcher" by Caledonian College of Engineering for the year 2014. Prof. Dr. Detlef W. Bahnemann is Head of the Research Unit, Photocatalysis and Nanotechnology at Leibniz University Hannover (Germany), Director of the Research Institute "Nanocomposite Materials for Photonic Applications" at Saint Petersburg State University (Russian Federation), and Distinguished Professor at Shaanxi University of Science and Technology in Xi'an (People's Republic of China). His research topics include photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, solar chemistry, and photochemistry focused on synthesis and physical-chemical properties of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles. His 500-plus publications have been cited more than 65,000 times (h-index: 100).

Introduces an approach to ethical decision making based on treating data as clients Compares the ethics of three professions; engineering, medicine and bioengineering Provides five moral theories to choose from for evaluating ethical decisions, and includes a procedure for applying them to moral analysis, and application of the procedure to example cases. Explains the process of developing a medical product under FDA regulation Explores the role of lawyers in product development, including intellectual property protection Examines a range of ethical cases, from the historical Tuskegee autonomy case to the modern CRISPR-Cas9 patent case.

The over-riding premise for biotechnology in this book is bringing novel products to market to substantially advance patient care and disease mitigation. Biotechnology, over its relatively brief existence of 40 years, has experienced a mercurial growth. The vast educational need for biotechnology information in this rapidly burgeoning field is a basic rationale here. However a more prominent underpinning is that, bringing biotech products to market for patient care involves success in the following four areas of engagement simultaneously - scientific advances for healthcare technologies, novel and varied products for untreated diseases, regulatory authorities, and biotech companies. Features Comprehensive coverage of biotechnology science topics used in development and manufacturing Addresses all the scientific technologies within biotechnology responsible for products on the market and the pipeline Presents business issues such as marketing and sales of the products, as well as companies engaged, and how biotech business has evolved

The need for exploration, conservation, and sustainable utilization of bioresources is undeniable for the survival and growth of mankind. This new book throws light on new and recent research on and development of effective strategies for sustainable utilization of bioresources using modern tools and techniques to help meet this challenge. This volume addresses the utilization of bioresources in therapeutics, in biofuel, in agriculture, and in environmental protection. Beginning with the diverse potential applications of bioresources in food, medicine, and cosmetics, the volume goes on to address the various different underutilized bioresources and their sustainable uses. It discusses important advances in biofuel and patents that highlight recent developments that address the energy crises and the continuously fluctuating cost of petroleum. It explores new renewable energy sources from bioresources and their sustainable utilization in the bioenergy and biofuel industry. Several chapters focus on the sustainable utilization of bioresources in the agricultural sector. The volume considers that developing countries have huge agricultural resources that could be employed for production of value-added byproducts for the sustainable development of a bio-based economy. The book discusses efficient use of underexploited natural bioresources, new chemical approaches for the generation of novel biochemicals, and the applications of genetics approaches for bioresource conservation and production of value-added products. Further, strategies for the production of biopesticides utilizing bioresources are also discussed.

Since synthetic plastics derived from fossil resources are mostly non-biodegradable, many academic and industrial researchers have shifted their attention toward bio-based materials, which are more eco-friendly. Bio-Based Composites for High-Performance Materials: From Strategy to Industrial Application provides an overview of the state-of-art in bio-based composites. The book integrates knowledge from various disciplines including plant science, materials science, polymer chemistry, chemical engineering, and nanotechnology. It discusses the raw materials used in bio-based composites, basic design principles, properties, applications, and life cycle assessments. The book also presents a strategic and policy-oriented view of these composites and considers the costs of retrofitting existing chemical production plants for bio-based composite manufacture. It is a definitive resource on bio-composites for academics, regulatory agencies, research and development communities, and industries worldwide.

This book presents the state-of-the-art advances and applications of nanozymes, the recently developing branch of enzymology that synthesizes and uses nanomaterials that mimic the function of traditional enzymes. During the past decade, the study of nanozymes has grown rapidly. Several new nanomaterials that exhibit enzymatic actions have been identified, along with new applications for their practical use. This book draws upon the work of experts from around the world and provides an in-depth analysis and cutting-edge overview of nanozymes, with an eye toward their present and future applications. Chapters are arranged in a logical order to provide physio-chemical characterization of nanozyme and basic mechanisms of their enzymatic actions. Focusing on current limitations of nanozymes and their reaction kinetics, the book presents a comprehensive discourse on nanozyme engineering that includes possible surface modifications to enhance nanozyme effectiveness. It also focuses on traditional and novel nanozyme applications, such as biosensing, drug delivery, and disease therapy, as well as their use as antibacterials. An important addition in this book is the summary of emerging literature on nanozyme toxicology. This book is intended as a ready reference for advanced undergraduate and graduate students doing research in nanotechnology; materials science; chemistry; and chemical, biological, biomedical, and food engineering. Research and development scientists, engineers, and technologists working in the chemical and biological/biomedical industries will gain much from the materials in this book for their industry practice. Presents a comprehensive discourse on nanozyme engineering that includes possible surface modifications to enhance nanozyme effectiveness. Discusses metal organic frameworks as nanozymes. Reviews on traditional and novel nanozyme applications, such as biosensing, drug delivery, disease therapy, and their use as antibacterials. Examines nanozyme toxicology. Dr. Sundaram Gunasekaran is a Professor in the Department of Biological Systems Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Presents in-depth kinetics analysis Features well developed sections on the major topics of catalysts, kinetics, reactor design, and modeling Includes a fully worked out example Offers end of chapter problems and a solutions manual for adopting professors

Applies the principles of chemistry, microbiology, and metallurgy to help readers reliably determine the mechanistic cause of corrosion damage and failures and select appropriate methods for mitigating future corrosion incidents Presents up-to-date advances in molecular technologies and their application to corrosion failure investigations Offers specific guidelines for conducting MIC failure analyses and case studies to illustrate their application Gives state-of-the-art information on MIC analytical tools and methods

This book critiques the decision-making process in Article 53(a) of the European Patent Convention. To date, such decisions have been taken at high levels of expertise without much public involvement. The book eschews traditional solutions, such as those found within legislative, judicial and patent office realms and instead develops a radical blueprint for how these decisions can be put to the public. By examining wide-scale models of participatory democracy and deliberation, this book fills a significant gap in the literature. It will be invaluable for patent lawyers, academics, practitioners and intellectual property and patent officials.

Provides exhaustive information on the use of algae for the simultaneous treatment and resource recovery of wastewater. Discuses algae, microalgae, and cyanobacteria applications in-detail. Presents critical insight into limitations of the prevalent technologies. Reviews methodology of advanced technologies. Includes illustrations and interesting trivia boxes throughout the book.

Large scale cultivation of macrofungi is possible with fermentation, using easily accessible lignocellulosic agricultural residues utilising economical methods to generate substantial biomass, food and biofuels. Bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes by macrofungi generates value-added fungal nutritional biomass for humans and livestock. Besides commercial cultivation techniques, other topics covered include healing potential of mushrooms, industrial opportunities, mycelium-based products, forest wild mushrooms and industrial applications of white rot fungi. This book addresses the various applications of macrofungi. It encourages readers to explore non-conventional sources of nutrition as well as bioactive metabolites to serve as nutraceuticals. The volume emphasizes the significance of macrofungi as source of bioactive compounds to remedy human lifestyle diseases especially cancers and cardiovascular ailments along with immunostimulation potential by Cordyceps. This book also emphasises on the role of mushrooms as a source of cosmeceuticals, source of flavors, essence, scents and perfumes.

The intent of this book is to provide a detailed and specific set of guidelines for both aquapreneurs and researchers related to the application of Biofloc Technology in aquaculture. This book discusses key issues related to both adoption and practices for aquaculture businesses, how to monitor and assess quality and quantity of biofloc, and how to manage the microbial composition and sludge reduction risk in the fish and shrimp culture. The book works through the specific application of disease management and feed management tools for aquaculture from the perspective of this technology. Particular attention is paid on comparing the prototypes of floc development and evaluation on its efficacy in aquaculture. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

Since the first publication of this definitive work nearly 40 years ago, this fourth edition has been completely rewritten.

Crystallization is used at some stage in nearly all process industries as a method of production, purification or recovery of solid materials.
Incorporating all the recent developments and applications of crystallization technology, Crystallization gives clear accounts of the underlying principles, a review of the past and current research themes and guidelines for equipment and process design. This new edition introduces and enlarges upon such subjects as:
- Control and Separation of polymorphs and chiral crystals
- Micro- and macro-mixing and the use of computer fluid dynamics
- Seeding and secondary nucleation in batch crystallization processes
- Incorporation of upstream and downstream requirements into design procedures for crystallization plant
- Computer-aided molecular design and its use in crystal habit modifier selection
Crystallization provides a comprehensive overview of the subject and will prove invaluable to all chemical engineers and industrial chemists in the process industries as well as crystallization workers and students in industry and academia.
Crystallization is written with the precision and clarity of style that is John Mullin's hallmark - a special feature being the large number of appendices that provide relevant physical property data.
Covers all new developments and trends in crystallization.
Comprehensive coverage of subject area.

It highlights the synthesis, classification, biological function, medicinal applications, and an overview of the recent advancements for the enhanced production of novel secondary metabolites in plants. It overviewed the role of induced mutation, salinity stress, Brassinosteroids impact to increase the secondary metabolic contents in plants and suggests increase in enzymatic activity in plants could be due to various point mutations which in turn could play a role at transcriptome levels. It discussed the significant role of endophytes to enhance the contents of plant secondary metabolites. Alternatively, it also suggests urgent need to set up the standard operating procedures using hydroponics system of cultivation for significant enhancement of secondary metabolite contents. It enlists various in vitro techniques to enhance plant secondary metabolites contents using plant tissue culture approaches. It systematically overviewed the state of art in biotechnological tools viz. CRISPER Cas9, and RNAi to enhance the plant secondary metabolite contents and recommend CRISPER Cas9 technology over the RNAi, ZFNs and TALENs because of its relatively simple and high precision method with easily programmable tool by changing the guide sequence of the sgRNA to any DNA sequence of interest with its capacity to recognize multiple targeted genes with very low off-target effects due to reduced CpG methylation.

Uses chemical engineering principles for the study of fermentation processes Provides detailed coverage of stoichiometry and kinetics of fermentation processes Discusses pertinent oxygen transfer theory and its applications Concisely covers microorganisms' biochemistry and metabolism Includes solved examples and problems with solutions manual

Basic curiosity-driven biomedical science has delivered many of today's most significant medical advances. This book provides clearly explained examples from recent biomedical history and includes convincing arguments for sustaining a robust portfolio of basic research. Intended as an engaging read, which will delight undergraduate and graduate students, as well as scientific researchers, it is full-throated advocacy of basic science. Illustrations and examples include the discoveries of penicillin and insulin, and the breakthrough elucidation of the genetic code. Providing both compelling rationale in support of basic science, and a fascinating look through the history of modern biomedical research, this book highlights with stirring examples why basic biomedical research is so important, and how so many key advances in medicine are derived from basic research. The book also offers a rationale for scientific inquiry and a broader understanding of the history of modern biomedical research missing from today's classrooms. Key Features 1) Provides clear explanations of great scientific discoveries 2) Illustrates connections between basic research findings and modern medicine 3) Includes compelling graphics/diagrams/illustrations 4) Accessible to the general public 5) Offers background for more specialized readers, including researchers as well as those with advanced degrees. Related Titles Staddon, J. Scientific Method: How Science Works, Fails to Work, and Pretends to Work (ISBN 978-1-1382-9536-0) Helliwell, J. R. Skills for Scientific Life (ISBN 978-1-4987-6875-7) MacRitchie, F. Scientific Research as a Career (ISBN 978-1-4398-6965-9)