This book provides an analysis of binding phenomena in Bulgarian with a strong emphasis on pragmatic issues. In the 'morphology after syntax' approach it is assumed that the morphosyntactic objects are spelled out in an increasing order of markedness: the most specific structural description is the first to be spelled out and the least specific one is the last. It is further investigated that the use of overlapping forms in the local domain results from discourse factors.

"From the award-winning translator of The Iliad and The Odyssey comes a brilliant new translation of Virgil's great epic"
Fleeing the ashes of Troy, Aeneas, Achilles' mighty foe in the "Iliad," begins an incredible journey to fulfill his destiny as the founder of Rome. His voyage will take him through stormy seas, entangle him in a tragic love affair, and lure him into the world of the dead itself--all the way tormented by the vengeful Juno, Queen of the Gods. Ultimately, he reaches the promised land of Italy where, after bloody battles and with high hopes, he founds what will become the Roman empire. An unsparing portrait of a man caught between love, duty, and fate, the "Aeneid "redefines passion, nobility, and courage for our times. Robert Fagles, whose acclaimed translations of Homer's "Iliad "and "Odyssey "were welcomed as major publishing events, brings the "Aeneid "to a new generation of readers, retaining all of the gravitas and humanity of the original Latin as well as its powerful blend of poetry and myth. Featuring an illuminating introduction to Virgil's world by esteemed scholar Bernard Knox, this volume lends a vibrant new voice to one of the seminal literary achievements of the ancient world.

This is the first and completely new edition of Victorinus late-antique commentary on Cicero s De inventionesince 150 years. The edition is based on a critical new reading of all the manuscripts including a previously unknown manuscript family which transmitted the correct text in many places."

Lysias was the leading Athenian speech-writer of his generation (403-380 BC), whose speeches form a leading source for all aspects of the history of Athenian society during this period. The current volume focuses on speeches that are important particularly as political texts, during an unusually eventful post-imperial period which saw Athens coming to terms with the aftermath of its eventual defeat in the Peloponnesian War (431-404) plus two traumatic if temporary oligarchic coups (the Four Hundred in 411, and especially the Thirty in 404/3). The speeches are widely read today, not least because of their simplicity of linguistic style. This simplicity is often deceptive, however, and one of the aims of this commentary is to help the reader assess the rhetorical strategies of each of the speeches and the often highly tendentious manipulation of argument. This volume includes the text of speeches 12 to 16 (reproduced from Christopher Carey's 2007 Oxford Classical Texts edition, including the apparatus criticus), with a new facing English translation. Each speech receives an extensive introduction, covering general questions of interpretation and broad issues of rhetorical strategy, while in the lemmatic section of the commentary individual phrases are examined in detail, providing a close reading of the Greek text. To maximize accessibility, the Greek lemmata are accompanied by translations, and individual Greek terms are mostly transliterated. This is a continuation of the projected multi-volume commentary on the speeches and fragments begun with the publication of speeches 1 to 11 in 2007, which will be the first full commentary on Lysias in modern times.

Este livro tem como tema principal o exame critico-analitico de textos que representam o que de mais significativo existe na tradicao literaria misogina Ocidental. Ja desde a sua introducao, e na extensao de cinco magistrais capitulos, estuda o que ha de mais exponencial para a questao da difamacao da mulher no mundo Antigo e no periodo medieval. Num percuciente esforco seletivo de fontes, prima por colocar em evidencia Aristoteles, Ovidio e Juvenal, autores do mundo Antigo que influenciaram a Patristica representada por escritos de Sao Jeronimo e Santo Agostinho, antecedidos por Tertuliano, Santo Ambrosio e Sao Joao Crisostomo. Passando por Graciano, chega-se a Abelardo e Heloisa, ao lado de outros autores visitados de forma mais sintetica, como Godofredo de Estrasburgo, o anonimo Ancrene Riwle e Guido delle Colonne. Marbodo de Rennes, Walter Map e Andre Capelao, da tradicao misogina satirica no latim medieval, e adaptacoes vernaculas na Idade Media tardia, com os nomes de Jean de Meun, Giovanni Boccaccio, Jehan Le Fevre e Geoffrey Chaucer comparecem no livro. Certamente elaborado de forma nao so de interesse academico, mas tambem didatico e de apelo popular, o livro muito contribuira para os estudos das questoes de Genero, da Idade Media, da Religiao, da Etica, entre outros. E, para alem da instrucao e informacao que podera proporcionar, a sua proposta principal e de valor indubitavelmente etico, de combate aos preconceitos, a misoginia que tao duramente malsaos e perversos, ainda nos dias atuais, atingem as pessoas e a nossa sociedade.

Plato challenges his readers by depicting an elderly Socrates as an enthusiastic student of rhetoric who has learned from his teacher Aspasia to recite an inspiring funeral oration, an oration that conspicuously refers to events occurring after the deaths of Socrates and Aspasia, an oration that Aspasia, as a woman and a non-Athenian, was not eligible to deliver over the Athenians who died in war. This commentary, the first in English in over 100 years, assists the modern reader in confronting Plato's challenge. The Introduction sets the dialogue in the context of the traditional Athenian funeral oration and of Plato's ongoing critique of contemporary rhetoric. The Commentary, which is well suited to the needs and interests of intermediate students of Classical Greek, provides guidance on grammatical and historical matters, while allowing the student to appreciate Plato's mastery of Greek prose style and critique of democratic ideology.

This book is the first large-scale study of the Metaphrasis Psalmorum since the middle of the twentieth century. It provides a revised critical text and complete modern translation of the poem, as well as an extensive introduction, which explores in detail critical questions such as authorship and the poet's engagement with early Christian exegesis. On the basis of a thorough re-examination of the poem's theology, its relationship to other late antique poetry, and relevant external evidence, it is argued, contrary to received opinion, that the Metaphrasis Psalmorum is a genuine work of Apollinaris of Laodicea, the influential if controversial bishop of the 4th century. It is also demonstrated that the poet interacts in a more wide-reaching and intentional way with early Christian exegesis on the Psalms than has previously been recognized, including the exegesis of Origen's newly discovered Homilies on the Psalms. The introduction includes broader discussion of the tradition of early Christian classicizing poetry, the poet's engagement with the Hellenic tradition, and his paraphrastic technique. The revised text and translation make more accessible a poorly known and understudied poem, which is nevertheless a major and important poetic work of late antiquity. The book aims to promote greater awareness of the Metaphrasis Psalmorum and act as a catalyst for future work on the paraphrase.

El tema de la libertad ha sido uno de los mas debatidos en la cultura cubana, sin embargo, hasta el momento no se ha estudiado como discurso, como instrumento impreciso y vulnerable a inconsistencias. Dentro y fuera de Cuba se prefiere hablar de libertad en relacion a factores externos - religion, politica, derechos civiles. Esto explica por que tantos de los que abordan este tema de las letras cubanas se han mantenido ajenos a las contradicciones propias del mismo. Libertad en cadenas explora los origenes y trayectoria de las ideas de la libertad que mayor impacto han tenido en la cultura cubana a fin de llamar la atencion sobre las aporias inherentes a una serie de discursos - mitico-religiosos, teologicos, filosoficos, politicos, filmicos, literarios - desde principios del siglo diecinueve hasta hoy. Al igual que en el resto de America Latina, donde figuras como Borges o Paz han confrontado de manera directa y auto-consciente estas dificultades propias de los discursos sobre libertad, en Cuba los que mejor han sabido explorar este asunto han sido escritores y cineastas. Esta es la razon por la que, sin descuidar las contribuciones de un pensador como Jorge Manach o las del politico Fidel Castro, este estudio dedica especial atencion al analisis de discursos literarios y filmicos como los Jose Marti, Virgilio Pinera, Alejo Carpentier, Tomas Gutierrez Alea, Jose Lezama Lima, Leonardo Padura Fuentes, Nelson Simon, Zoe Valdes y Jose Antonio Ponte, entre otros. Algo que distingue los discursos cubanos de la libertad es el hecho de que, conscientemente o no de ello, todos fluctuan entre el mito y la ironia; fluctuacion esta cuyos registros mas notables incluyen la trascendencia y sus demandas de sacrificio, el existencialismo, el choteo y, en fechas mas recientes, una distancia critica que ni abraza ni rechaza del todo, sino que observa con una actitud benignamente cansada el montaje ideologico-discursivo de las ideas sobre la libertad.

Sixty years ago, the University of Chicago Press undertook a momentous project: a new translation of the Greek tragedies that would be the ultimate resource for teachers, students, and readers. They succeeded. Under the expert management of eminent classicists David Grene and Richmond Lattimore, those translations combined accuracy, poetic immediacy, and clarity of presentation to render the surviving masterpieces of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides in an English so lively and compelling that they remain the standard translations. Today, Chicago is taking pains to ensure that our Greek tragedies remain the leading English-language versions throughout the twenty-first century. In this highly anticipated third edition, Mark Griffith and Glenn W. Most have carefully updated the translations to bring them even closer to the ancient Greek while retaining the vibrancy for which our English versions are famous. This edition also includes brand-new translations of Euripides' "Medea", "The Children of Heracles", "Andromache", and "Iphigenia among the Taurians", fragments of lost plays by Aeschylus, and the surviving portion of Sophocles' satyr-drama "The Trackers". New introductions for each play offer essential information about its first production, plot, and reception in antiquity and beyond. In addition, each volume includes an introduction to the life and work of its tragedian, as well as notes addressing textual uncertainties and a glossary of names and places mentioned in the plays. In addition to the new content, the volumes have been reorganized both within and between volumes to reflect the most up-to-date scholarship on the order in which the plays were originally written. The result is a set of handsome paperbacks destined to introduce new generations of readers to these foundational works of Western drama, art, and life.

Sixty years ago, the University of Chicago Press undertook a momentous project: a new translation of the Greek tragedies that would be the ultimate resource for teachers, students, and readers. They succeeded. Under the expert management of eminent classicists David Grene and Richmond Lattimore, those translations combined accuracy, poetic immediacy, and clarity of presentation to render the surviving masterpieces of Aeshylus, Sophocles, and Euripides in an English so lively and compelling that they remain the standard translations. Today, Chicago is taking pains to ensure that our Greek tragedies remain the leading English-language versions throughout the twenty-first century. In this highly anticipated third edition, Mark Griffith and Glenn W. Most have carefully updated the translations to bring them even closer to the ancient Greek while retaining the vibrancy for which our English versions are famous. This edition also includes brand-new translations of Euripides' "Medea", "The Children of Heracles", "Andromache", and "Iphigenia among the Tourians", fragments of lost plays by Aeschylus, and the surviving portion of Sophocles' satyr-drama "The Trackers". New introductions for each play offer essential information about its first production, plot, and reception in antiquity and beyond. In addition, each volume includes an introduction to the life and work of its tragedian, as well as notes addressing textual uncertainties and a glossary of names and places mentioned in the plays. In addition to the new content, the volumes have been reorganized both within and between volumes to reflect the most up-to-date scholarship on the order in which the plays were originally written. The result is a set of handsome paperbacks destined to introduce new generations of readers to these foundational works of Western drama, art, and life.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Los poderes de la palabra: El improperio en la cultura hispanica del Siglo de Oro es una obra interdisciplinar, fruto del encuentro de areas cientificas diversas, que aborda el estudio de las manifestaciones de la violencia verbal en la Espana de los siglos XVI y XVII. Desde la autenticidad de los libelos infamatorios, o desde la oralidad cotidiana recogida en procesos legales, la perspectiva historica recupera denuestos, blasfemias y maldiciones, e interpreta su valor sociohistorico en los entresijos de la sociedad aurisecular. El analisis literario se adentra en la rica y variada produccion de este tiempo para analizar las manifestaciones de la agresion verbal (pullas, motes, insultos, burlas, acusaciones) y gestual que ofrecen autos sacramentales, comedias, villancicos, poesias cancioneriles, satiricas o religiosas; o bien descubre, en las relaciones verbales entre figuras literarias del Siglo de Oro espanol, los testimonios mas ingeniosos del improperio. El examen lingueistico reconoce, a partir de fuentes literarias y no literarias, los ambitos conceptuales del insulto en espanol clasico, y describe los recursos lexicos, morfosintacticos y pragmaticos empleados para la ofensa, los procedimientos intensificadores y los modos de insertar voces injuriosas y expresiones maldicientes.

A stunning new translation of the classic tale of the fall of Troy from one of the world's finest translators. If you enjoyed THE SONG OF ACHILLES, discover the original and the best... Man seduces another's wife then kidnaps her. The husband and his brother get a gang together to steal her back and take revenge. The woman regrets being seduced and wants to escape, whilst the man's entourage resent the position they have been placed in. Yet the battle lines have been drawn and there is no going back... Not the plot of the latest Hollywood thriller, but the basis of the ILIAD - the Greek classic that details the war between the Greeks and the Trojans after the kidnapping of Helen of Sparta. Based on the recent, superb, M.L. West edition of the Greek, this ILIAD is more readable and moving than any previous version. Thanks to the scholarship and poetic power of the highly acclaimed Stephen Mitchell, this new translation recreates the energy and simplicity, the speed, grace, and continual thrust and pull of the original, while the ILIAD's ancient story bursts vividly into life. This edition also includes book 10 as an appendix, making it indispensible for students and lay readers alike.

'Tell me, Muse, of the man of many turns, who was driven far and wide after he had sacked the sacred city of Troy' Twenty years after setting out to fight in the Trojan War, Odysseus is yet to return home to Ithaca. His household is in disarray: a horde of over 100 disorderly and arrogant suitors are vying to claim Odysseus' wife Penelope, and his young son Telemachus is powerless to stop them. Meanwhile, Odysseus is driven beyond the limits of the known world, encountering countless divine and earthly challenges. But Odysseus is 'of many wiles' and his cunning and bravery eventually lead him home, to reclaim both his family and his kingdom. The Odyssey rivals the Iliad as the greatest poem of Western culture and is perhaps the most influential text of classical literature. This elegant and compelling new translation is accompanied by a full introduction and notes that guide the reader in understanding the poem and the many different contexts in which it was performed and read.

PLEASE NOTE that due to the previous text options being set for an extra exam year (summer 2021 for AS; summer 2022 for A Level) the dates given in the title, on the cover and inside this book are incorrect. An errata slip has been included. ----- The only exam-board approved book for OCR's Greek AS and A-Level set text prescriptions for 2022-24 giving full Greek text, commentary and vocabulary and a detailed introduction for each text that also covers the prescription to be read in English for A Level. The texts covered are: AS and A Level Groups 1&3 Thucydides, Histories, Book 6, 19 to 6.32 Plato, Symposium, 189c2 to 194e2 Homer, Odyssey 1, lines 213-444 Sophocles, Ajax, lines 1-133, 284-347, 748-783 A Level Groups 2&4 Thucydides, Histories, Book 6, 47 to 50.1 and 53 to 61 Plato, Symposium, 201d to end of 206b Plutarch, Alcibiades, X.1.1 to XVI.5 Homer, Odyssey 6, lines 85-331 Sophocles, Ajax, lines 430-582, 646-692, 815-865 Aristophanes, Clouds, lines 1-242 Resources are available on the Companion Website.

One of the most diverse books in the Iliad, Book III moves between intimate scenes in the heart of Troy and scenes serious and comic on the battlefield. It describes a major ritual in an elaborate oath-swearing, assigns a major role to divine intervention, introduces and characterises the main Trojan actors and reveals more about their Greek counterparts. The commentary discusses the styles of Homeric narrative, illustrating especially its economy and sophisticated handling of different time-scales. It situates the Iliad in its broad cultural and historical contexts, through consideration of the relationships between Greece and the Anatolian, Mesopotamian and ancient Indian cultures, particularly regarding shared story-patterns and ritual activity. An account is given of Troy's relationships with the Hittite empire and the vexed question of the historicity of the Trojan War. Also provided is a full historical account of Homeric language. The edition will be indispensable for students and instructors.

Shedding new light on the history of the book in antiquity, Empire of Letters tells the story of writing at Rome at the pivotal moment of transition from Republic to Empire (c. 55 BCE-15 CE). By uniting close readings of the period's major authors with detailed analysis of material texts, it argues that the physical embodiments of writing were essential to the worldviews and self-fashioning of authors whose works took shape in them. Whether in wooden tablets, papyrus bookrolls, monumental writing in stone and bronze, or through the alphabet itself, Roman authors both idealized and competed with writing's textual forms. The academic study of the history of the book has arisen largely out of the textual abundance of the age of print, focusing on the Renaissance and after. But fewer than fifty fragments of classical Roman bookrolls survive, and even fewer lines of poetry. Understanding the history of the ancient Roman book requires us to think differently about this evidence, placing it into the context of other kinds of textual forms that survive in greater numbers, from the fragments of Greek papyri preserved in the garbage heaps of Egypt to the Latin graffiti still visible on the walls of the cities destroyed by Vesuvius. By attending carefully to this kind of material in conjunction with the rich literary testimony of the period, Empire of Letters exposes the importance of textuality itself to Roman authors, and puts the written word back at the center of Roman literature.

Demosthenes, as an emerging political leader in fourth-century Athens, delivered a series of fiery speeches to the citizens in the democratic Assembly, attacking the Macedonian king Philip II as an aggressive imperialist bent on destroying the city's independence. This volume presents the Greek text of five of these speeches with full introduction and detailed commentary. They show how the foremost politician of the day argued his case before the people who made policy decisions in the Assembly, and how he eventually persuaded them to support his doomed militaristic position in preference to the more pragmatic stance of accommodation advocated by his political opponents. These speeches are unique sources for the ideology and political history of this crucial period, and the best specimens of persuasive rhetoric in action from democratic Athens. This edition takes account of recent studies of fourth-century Athens and showcases Demosthenes as a master of Greek prose style.

Sixty years ago, the University of Chicago Press undertook a momentous project: a new translation of the Greek tragedies that would be the ultimate resource for teachers, students, and readers. They succeeded. Under the expert management of eminent classicists David Grene and Richmond Lattimore, those translations combined accuracy, poetic immediacy, and clarity of presentation to render the surviving masterpieces of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides in an English so lively and compelling that they remain the standard translations. Today, Chicago is taking pains to ensure that our Greek tragedies remain the leading English-language versions throughout the twenty-first century. In this highly anticipated third edition, Mark Griffith and Glenn W. Most have carefully updated the translations to bring them even closer to the ancient Greek while retaining the vibrancy for which our English versions are famous. This edition also includes brand-new translations of Euripides' "Medea", "The Children of Heracles", "Andromache", and "Iphigenia among the Taurians", fragments of lost plays by Aeschylus, and the surviving portion of Sophocles' satyr-drama "The Trackers". New introductions for each play offer essential information about its first production, plot, and reception in antiquity and beyond. In addition, each volume includes an introduction to the life and work of its tragedian, as well as notes addressing textual uncertainties and a glossary of names and places mentioned in the plays. In addition to the new content, the volumes have been reorganized both within and between volumes to reflect the most up-to-date scholarship on the order in which the plays were originally written. The result is a set of handsome paperbacks destined to introduce new generations of readers to these foundational works of Western drama, art, and life.