Since the early eighteenth century, the theory of networks and graphs has matured into an indispensable tool for describing countless real-world phenomena. However, the study of large-scale features of a network often requires unrealistic limits, such as taking the network size to infinity or assuming a continuum. These asymptotic and analytic approaches can significantly diverge from real or simulated networks when applied at the finite scales of real-world applications. This book offers an approach to overcoming these limitations by introducing operator graph theory, an exact, non-asymptotic set of tools combining graph theory with operator calculus. The book is intended for mathematicians, physicists, and other scientists interested in discrete finite systems and their graph-theoretical description, and in delineating the abstract algebraic structures that characterise such systems. All the necessary background on graph theory and operator calculus is included for readers to understand the potential applications of operator graph theory.

This contributed volume showcases research and survey papers devoted to a broad range of topics on functional equations, ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, stochastic differential equations, optimization theory, network games, generalized Nash equilibria, critical point theory, calculus of variations, nonlinear functional analysis, convex analysis, variational inequalities, topology, global differential geometry, curvature flows, perturbation theory, numerical analysis, mathematical finance and a variety of applications in interdisciplinary topics. Chapters in this volume investigate compound superquadratic functions, the Hyers-Ulam Stability of functional equations, edge degenerate pseudo-hyperbolic equations, Kirchhoff wave equation, BMO norms of operators on differential forms, equilibrium points of the perturbed R3BP, complex zeros of solutions to second order differential equations, a higher-order Ginzburg-Landau-type equation, multi-symplectic numerical schemes for differential equations, the Erdos-Renyi network model, strongly m-convex functions, higher order strongly generalized convex functions, factorization and solution of second order differential equations, generalized topologically open sets in relator spaces, graphical mean curvature flow, critical point theory in infinite dimensional spaces using the Leray-Schauder index, non-radial solutions of a supercritical equation in expanding domains, the semi-discrete method for the approximation of the solution of stochastic differential equations, homotopic metric-interval L-contractions in gauge spaces, Rhoades contractions theory, network centrality measures, the Radon transform in three space dimensions via plane integration and applications in positron emission tomography boundary perturbations on medical monitoring and imaging techniques, the KdV-B equation and biomedical applications.

The book faces the interplay among dynamical properties of semigroups, analytical properties of infinitesimal generators and geometrical properties of Koenigs functions. The book includes precise descriptions of the behavior of trajectories, backward orbits, petals and boundary behavior in general, aiming to give a rather complete picture of all interesting phenomena that occur. In order to fulfill this task, we choose to introduce a new point of view, which is mainly based on the intrinsic dynamical aspects of semigroups in relation with the hyperbolic distance and a deep use of Caratheodory prime ends topology and Gromov hyperbolicity theory. This work is intended both as a reference source for researchers interested in the subject, and as an introductory book for beginners with a (undergraduate) background in real and complex analysis. For this purpose, the book is self-contained and all non-standard (and, mostly, all standard) results are proved in details.

This contributed volume collects papers based on courses and talks given at the 2017 CIMPA school Harmonic Analysis, Geometric Measure Theory and Applications, which took place at the University of Buenos Aires in August 2017. These articles highlight recent breakthroughs in both harmonic analysis and geometric measure theory, particularly focusing on their impact on image and signal processing. The wide range of expertise present in these articles will help readers contextualize how these breakthroughs have been instrumental in resolving deep theoretical problems. Some topics covered include: Gabor frames Falconer distance problem Hausdorff dimension Sparse inequalities Fractional Brownian motion Fourier analysis in geometric measure theory This volume is ideal for applied and pure mathematicians interested in the areas of image and signal processing. Electrical engineers and statisticians studying these fields will also find this to be a valuable resource.

This monograph offers the first systematic treatment of the theory of minimal surfaces in Euclidean spaces by complex analytic methods, many of which have been developed in recent decades as part of the theory of Oka manifolds (the h-principle in complex analysis). It places particular emphasis on the study of the global theory of minimal surfaces with a given complex structure. Advanced methods of holomorphic approximation, interpolation, and homotopy classification of manifold-valued maps, along with elements of convex integration theory, are implemented for the first time in the theory of minimal surfaces. The text also presents newly developed methods for constructing minimal surfaces in minimally convex domains of Rn, based on the Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problem adapted to minimal surfaces and holomorphic null curves. These methods also provide major advances in the classical Calabi-Yau problem, yielding in particular minimal surfaces with the conformal structure of any given bordered Riemann surface. Offering new directions in the field and several challenging open problems, the primary audience of the book are researchers (including postdocs and PhD students) in differential geometry and complex analysis. Although not primarily intended as a textbook, two introductory chapters surveying background material and the classical theory of minimal surfaces also make it suitable for preparing Masters or PhD level courses.

This edited volume presents state-of-the-art developments in various areas in which Harmonic Analysis is applied. Contributions cover a variety of different topics and problems treated such as structure and optimization in computational harmonic analysis, sampling and approximation in shift invariant subspaces of L2( ), optimal rank one matrix decomposition, the Riemann Hypothesis, large sets avoiding rough patterns, Hardy Littlewood series, Navier-Stokes equations, sleep dynamics exploration and automatic annotation by combining modern harmonic analysis tools, harmonic functions in slabs and half-spaces, Andoni -Krauthgamer -Razenshteyn characterization of sketchable norms fails for sketchable metrics, random matrix theory, multiplicative completion of redundant systems in Hilbert and Banach function spaces. Efforts have been made to ensure that the content of the book constitutes a valuable resource for graduate students as well as senior researchers working on Harmonic Analysis and its various interconnections with related areas.

This book presents English translations of Michele Sce's most important works, originally written in Italian during the period 1955-1973, on hypercomplex analysis and algebras of hypercomplex numbers. Despite their importance, these works are not very well known in the mathematics community because of the language they were published in. Possibly the most remarkable instance is the so-called Fueter-Sce mapping theorem, which is a cornerstone of modern hypercomplex analysis, and is not yet understood in its full generality. This volume is dedicated to revealing and describing the framework Sce worked in, at an exciting time when the various generalizations of complex analysis in one variable were still in their infancy. In addition to faithfully translating Sce's papers, the authors discuss their significance and explain their connections to contemporary research in hypercomplex analysis. They also discuss many concrete examples that can serve as a basis for further research. The vast majority of the results presented here will be new to readers, allowing them to finally access the original sources with the benefit of comments from fellow mathematicians active in the field of hypercomplex analysis. As such, the book offers not only an important chapter in the history of hypercomplex analysis, but also a roadmap for further exciting research in the field.

This is a brief textbook on complex analysis intended for the students of upper undergraduate or beginning graduate level. The author stresses the aspects of complex analysis that are most important for the student planning to study algebraic geometry and related topics. The exposition is rigorous but elementary: abstract notions are introduced only if they are really indispensable. This approach provides a motivation for the reader to digest more abstract definitions (e.g., those of sheaves or line bundles, which are not mentioned in the book) when he/she is ready for that level of abstraction indeed. In the chapter on Riemann surfaces, several key results on compact Riemann surfaces are stated and proved in the first nontrivial case, i.e. that of elliptic curves.

This book originates from the session "Harmonic Analysis and Partial Differential Equations" held at the 12th ISAAC Congress in Aveiro, and provides a quick overview over recent advances in partial differential equations with a particular focus on the interplay between tools from harmonic analysis, functional inequalities and variational characterisations of solutions to particular non-linear PDEs. It can serve as a useful source of information to mathematicians, scientists and engineers. The volume contains contributions of authors from a variety of countries on a wide range of active research areas covering different aspects of partial differential equations interacting with harmonic analysis and provides a state-of-the-art overview over ongoing research in the field. It shows original research in full detail allowing researchers as well as students to grasp new aspects and broaden their understanding of the area.

This volume consists of ten articles which provide an in-depth and reader-friendly survey of some of the foundational aspects of singularity theory. Authored by world experts, the various contributions deal with both classical material and modern developments, covering a wide range of topics which are linked to each other in fundamental ways. Singularities are ubiquitous in mathematics and science in general. Singularity theory interacts energetically with the rest of mathematics, acting as a crucible where different types of mathematical problems interact, surprising connections are born and simple questions lead to ideas which resonate in other parts of the subject. This is the first volume in a series which aims to provide an accessible account of the state-of-the-art of the subject, its frontiers, and its interactions with other areas of research. The book is addressed to graduate students and newcomers to the theory, as well as to specialists who can use it as a guidebook.

"...A nice feature of the book [is] that at various points the authors provide examples, or rather counterexamples, that clearly show what can go wrong...This is a nicely-written book [that] studies algebraic differential modules in several variables." --Mathematical Reviews

We consider Levi non-degenerate tube hypersurfaces in complex linear space which are "spherical," that is, locally CR-equivalent to the real hyperquadric. Spherical hypersurfaces are characterized by the condition of the vanishing of the CR-curvature form, so such hypersurfaces are flat from the CR-geometric viewpoint. On the other hand, such hypersurfaces are of interest from the point of view of affine geometry. Thus our treatment of spherical tube hypersurfaces in this book is two-fold: CR-geometric and affine-geometric. Spherical tube hypersurfaces turn out to possess remarkable properties. For example, every such hypersurface is real-analytic and extends to a closed real-analytic spherical tube hypersurface in complex space. One of our main goals is to give an explicit affine classification of closed spherical tube hypersurfaces whenever possible. In this book we offer a comprehensive exposition of the theory of spherical tube hypersurfaces starting with the idea proposed in the pioneering work by P. Yang (1982) and ending with the new approach due to G. Fels and W. Kaup (2009).

This book shows how operator theory interacts with function theory in one and several variables. The authors develop the theory in detail, leading the reader to the cutting edge of contemporary research. It starts with a treatment of the theory of bounded holomorphic functions on the unit disc. Model theory and the network realization formula are used to solve Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problems, and the same techniques are shown to work on the bidisc, the symmetrized bidisc, and other domains. The techniques are powerful enough to prove the Julia-Caratheodory theorem on the bidisc, Lempert's theorem on invariant metrics in convex domains, the Oka extension theorem, and to generalize Loewner's matrix monotonicity results to several variables. In Part II, the book gives an introduction to non-commutative function theory, and shows how model theory and the network realization formula can be used to understand functions of non-commuting matrices.

This book investigates the close relation between quite sophisticated function spaces, the regularity of solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) in these spaces and the link with the numerical solution of such PDEs. It consists of three parts. Part I, the introduction, provides a quick guide to function spaces and the general concepts needed. Part II is the heart of the monograph and deals with the regularity of solutions in Besov and fractional Sobolev spaces. In particular, it studies regularity estimates of PDEs of elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic type on non smooth domains. Linear as well as nonlinear equations are considered and special attention is paid to PDEs of parabolic type. For the classes of PDEs investigated a justification is given for the use of adaptive numerical schemes. Finally, the last part has a slightly different focus and is concerned with traces in several function spaces such as Besov- and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces, but also in quite general smoothness Morrey spaces. The book is aimed at researchers and graduate students working in regularity theory of PDEs and function spaces, who are looking for a comprehensive treatment of the above listed topics.

This monograph establishes a theory of classification and translation closedness of time scales, a topic that was first studied by S. Hilger in 1988 to unify continuous and discrete analysis. The authors develop a theory of translation function on time scales that contains (piecewise) almost periodic functions, (piecewise) almost automorphic functions and their related generalization functions (e.g., pseudo almost periodic functions, weighted pseudo almost automorphic functions, and more). Against the background of dynamic equations, these function theories on time scales are applied to study the dynamical behavior of solutions for various types of dynamic equations on hybrid domains, including evolution equations, discontinuous equations and impulsive integro-differential equations. The theory presented allows many useful applications, such as in the Nicholson`s blowfiles model; the Lasota-Wazewska model; the Keynesian-Cross model; in those realistic dynamical models with a more complex hibrid domain, considered under different types of translation closedness of time scales; and in dynamic equations on mathematical models which cover neural networks. This book provides readers with the theoretical background necessary for accurate mathematical modeling in physics, chemical technology, population dynamics, biotechnology and economics, neural networks, and social sciences.

The present volume gathers contributions to the conference Microlocal and Time-Frequency Analysis 2018 (MLTFA18), which was held at Torino University from the 2nd to the 6th of July 2018. The event was organized in honor of Professor Luigi Rodino on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The conference's focus and the contents of the papers reflect Luigi's various research interests in the course of his long and extremely prolific career at Torino University.

This book studies solutions of the Polubarinova-Galin and Loewner-Kufarev equations, which describe the evolution of a viscous fluid (Hele-Shaw) blob, after the time when these solutions have lost their physical meaning due to loss of univalence of the mapping function involved. When the mapping function is no longer locally univalent interesting phase transitions take place, leading to structural changes in the data of the solution, for example new zeros and poles in the case of rational maps. This topic intersects with several areas, including mathematical physics, potential theory and complex analysis. The text will be valuable to researchers and doctoral students interested in fluid dynamics, integrable systems, and conformal field theory.

This book aims to bring together researchers and practitioners from diverse disciplines-from sociology, biology, physics, and computer science-who share a passion to better understand the interdependencies within and across systems. This volume contains contributions presented at the 11th International Conference on Complex Networks (CompleNet) in Exeter, United Kingdom, 31 March - 3 April 2020. CompleNet is a venue for discussing ideas and findings about all types of networks, from biological, to technological, to informational and social. It is this interdisciplinary nature of complex networks that CompleNet aims to explore and celebrate.

This book offers a modern introduction to Nevanlinna theory and its intricate relation to the theory of normal families, algebraic functions, asymptotic series, and algebraic differential equations. Following a comprehensive treatment of Nevanlinna's theory of value distribution, the author presents advances made since Hayman's work on the value distribution of differential polynomials and illustrates how value- and pair-sharing problems are linked to algebraic curves and Briot-Bouquet differential equations. In addition to discussing classical applications of Nevanlinna theory, the book outlines state-of-the-art research, such as the effect of the Yosida and Zalcman-Pang method of re-scaling to algebraic differential equations, and presents the Painleve-Yosida theorem, which relates Painleve transcendents and solutions to selected 2D Hamiltonian systems to certain Yosida classes of meromorphic functions. Aimed at graduate students interested in recent developments in the field and researchers working on related problems, Nevanlinna Theory, Normal Families, and Algebraic Differential Equations will also be of interest to complex analysts looking for an introduction to various topics in the subject area. With examples, exercises and proofs seamlessly intertwined with the body of the text, this book is particularly suitable for the more advanced reader.

The theory of Hardy spaces is a cornerstone of modern analysis. It combines techniques from functional analysis, the theory of analytic functions and Lesbesgue integration to create a powerful tool for many applications, pure and applied, from signal processing and Fourier analysis to maximum modulus principles and the Riemann zeta function. This book, aimed at beginning graduate students, introduces and develops the classical results on Hardy spaces and applies them to fundamental concrete problems in analysis. The results are illustrated with numerous solved exercises that also introduce subsidiary topics and recent developments. The reader's understanding of the current state of the field, as well as its history, are further aided by engaging accounts of important contributors and by the surveys of recent advances (with commented reference lists) that end each chapter. Such broad coverage makes this book the ideal source on Hardy spaces.

This book presents a broad overview of the important recent progress which led to the emergence of new ideas in Lipschitz geometry and singularities, and started to build bridges to several major areas of singularity theory. Providing all the necessary background in a series of introductory lectures, it also contains Pham and Teissier's previously unpublished pioneering work on the Lipschitz classification of germs of plane complex algebraic curves. While a real or complex algebraic variety is topologically locally conical, it is in general not metrically conical; there are parts of its link with non-trivial topology which shrink faster than linearly when approaching the special point. The essence of the Lipschitz geometry of singularities is captured by the problem of building classifications of the germs up to local bi-Lipschitz homeomorphism. The Lipschitz geometry of a singular space germ is then its equivalence class in this category. The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers from other fields of geometry who are interested in studying the multiple open questions offered by this new subject.

The theory of holomorphic dynamical systems is a subject of increasing interest in mathematics, both for its challenging problems and for its connections with other branches of pure and applied mathematics. A holomorphic dynamical system is the datum of a complex variety and a holomorphic object (such as a self-map or a vector ?eld) acting on it. The study of a holomorphic dynamical system consists in describing the asymptotic behavior of the system, associating it with some invariant objects (easy to compute) which describe the dynamics and classify the possible holomorphic dynamical systems supported by a given manifold. The behavior of a holomorphic dynamical system is pretty much related to the geometry of the ambient manifold (for instance, - perbolic manifolds do no admit chaotic behavior, while projective manifolds have a variety of different chaotic pictures). The techniques used to tackle such pr- lems are of variouskinds: complexanalysis, methodsof real analysis, pluripotential theory, algebraic geometry, differential geometry, topology. To cover all the possible points of view of the subject in a unique occasion has become almost impossible, and the CIME session in Cetraro on Holomorphic Dynamical Systems was not an exception.

This book addresses the challenging topic of modeling adaptive networks, which often manifest inherently complex behavior. Networks by themselves can usually be modeled using a neat, declarative, and conceptually transparent Network-Oriented Modeling approach. In contrast, adaptive networks are networks that change their structure; for example, connections in Mental Networks usually change due to learning, while connections in Social Networks change due to various social dynamics. For adaptive networks, separate procedural specifications are often added for the adaptation process. Accordingly, modelers have to deal with a less transparent, hybrid specification, part of which is often more at a programming level than at a modeling level. This book presents an overall Network-Oriented Modeling approach that makes designing adaptive network models much easier, because the adaptation process, too, is modeled in a neat, declarative, and conceptually transparent Network-Oriented Modeling manner, like the network itself. Thanks to this approach, no procedural, algorithmic, or programming skills are needed to design complex adaptive network models. A dedicated software environment is available to run these adaptive network models from their high-level specifications. Moreover, because adaptive networks are described in a network format as well, the approach can simply be applied iteratively, so that higher-order adaptive networks in which network adaptation itself is adaptive (second-order adaptation), too can be modeled just as easily. For example, this can be applied to model metaplasticity in cognitive neuroscience, or second-order adaptation in biological and social contexts. The book illustrates the usefulness of this approach via numerous examples of complex (higher-order) adaptive network models for a wide variety of biological, mental, and social processes. The book is suitable for multidisciplinary Master's and Ph.D. students without assuming much prior knowledge, although also some elementary mathematical analysis is involved. Given the detailed information provided, it can be used as an introduction to Network-Oriented Modeling for adaptive networks. The material is ideally suited for teaching undergraduate and graduate students with multidisciplinary backgrounds or interests. Lecturers will find additional material such as slides, assignments, and software.

Theories, methods and problems in approximation theory and analytic inequalities with a focus on differential and integral inequalities are analyzed in this book. Fundamental and recent developments are presented on the inequalities of Abel, Agarwal, Beckenbach, Bessel, Cauchy-Hadamard, Chebychev, Markov, Euler's constant, Grothendieck, Hilbert, Hardy, Carleman, Landau-Kolmogorov, Carlson, Bernstein-Mordell, Gronwall, Wirtinger, as well as inequalities of functions with their integrals and derivatives. Each inequality is discussed with proven results, examples and various applications. Graduate students and advanced research scientists in mathematical analysis will find this reference essential to their understanding of differential and integral inequalities. Engineers, economists, and physicists will find the highly applicable inequalities practical and useful to their research.

Complex Variables and Applications, 9e will serve, just as the earlier editions did, as a textbook for an introductory course in the theory and application of functions of a complex variable. This new edition preserves the basic content and style of the earlier editions. The text is designed to develop the theory that is prominent in applications of the subject. You will find a special emphasis given to the application of residues and conformal mappings. To accommodate the different calculus backgrounds of students, footnotes are given with references to other texts that contain proofs and discussions of the more delicate results in advanced calculus. Improvements in the text include extended explanations of theorems, greater detail in arguments, and the separation of topics into their own sections.