This study charts a history of weakness in a selection of canonical works in literature and philosophy. Examining the nature of weakness has inspired some of the most influential aesthetic and philosophical portraits of the human condition. By reading a selection of canonical literary and philosophical texts, Michael O'Sullivan charts a history of responses to the experience and exploration of weakness. Beginning with Plato and Aristotle, this first book-length study of the concept explores weakness as it interpreted by Lao Tzu, Nietzsche, the Romantics, Dickens and the Modernists. It examines what feminist critics Elaine Showalter and Luce Irigaray make of the figure of the "weaker vessel" and considers philosophical notions such as radical passivity, a "syntax of weakness" and human vulnerability in the work of Derrida and Beckett and Coetzee. Through analysis of these differing versions of weakness, O'Sullivan's study challenges the popular myth that aligns masculine identity with strength and force and presents a humane weakness as a guiding motif for debates in ethics.

Across the eighteenth century in Britain, readers, writers, and theater-goers were fascinated by women who dressed in men's clothing from actresses on stage who showed their shapely legs to advantage in men's breeches to stories of valiant female soldiers and ruthless female pirates. Spanning genres from plays, novels, and poetry to pamphlets and broadsides, the cross-dressing woman came to signal more than female independence or unconventional behaviors; she also came to signal an investment in female same-sex intimacies and sapphic desires. Sapphic Crossings reveals how various British texts from the period associate female cross-dressing with the exciting possibility of intimate, embodied same-sex relationships. Ula Lukszo Klein reconsiders the role of lesbian desires and their structuring through cross-gender embodiments as crucial not only to the history of sexuality but to the rise of modern concepts of gender, sexuality, and desire. She prompts readers to rethink the roots of lesbianism and transgender identities today and introduces new ways of thinking about embodied sexuality in the past.

No two comedies of Voltaire are alike: the breadth and diversity of his comic dramaturgy in terms of form, technique, theme, characterisation and tone, are revealed in this first critical analysis and systematic reassessment of Voltaire's eighteen comedies in their contemporary theatrical, literary and intellectual contexts. This study also exposes the fundamental unity of Voltaire's comic theatre, which lies in the plays' status as innovative, experimental works written in creative dialogue with, and fruitful opposition to, the contemporary trend towards serious, sentimental comedy. Voltaire wrote his comedies over more than forty years (1725-1769), when comedy was undergoing significant redefinition as a genre. Typically dismissed as un-dramatic, sentimental, overtly didactic and so of limited interest today, his comedies emerge from this study as a series of vigorous explorations in the many possibilities of the comic genre. Voltaire wrote with the example of Moliere and the seventeenth-century comic tradition constantly in mind, but at the same time he diverged from that tradition in pioneering ways, constantly testing the limits of generic convention and audience expectation. In demonstrating the blend of tradition and innovation at the heart of Voltaire's aesthetics of comic drama, this book contributes to a remapping of the history of eighteenth-century French comedy. It also leads to a new understanding of Voltaire's comic aesthetics more broadly: his comedies are a substantial, complex and vital part of his literary career, and studying them helps us to revise our view of the author of satirical contes, the dry wit whose distinctive literary mode can appear to be destructive irony. Viewed in the light of his comic theatre, the familiar Voltaire wears a significantly different expression.

Fictions written between 1939 and 2005 by indigenous and white (post)colonial women writers emerging from an African-European cultural experience form the focus of this study. Their voyages into the European diasporic space in Africa are important for conveying how African women's literature is situated in relation to colonialism. Notwithstanding the centrality of African literature in the new postcolonial literatures in English, the accomplishments of the indigenous writer Grace Ogot have been eclipsed by the critical attention given to her male counterparts, while Elspeth Huxley, Barbara Kimenye, and Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye, who are of Western cultural provenance but adopt an African perspective, are not accommodated by the genre of 'expatriate literature'. The present study of both indigenous and white (post)colonial women's narratives that are common to both categories fills this gap. Focused on the representation of gender, identity, culture, and the 'Other', the texts selected are set in Kenya and Uganda, and a main concern is with the extent to which they are influenced by setting and intercultural influences. The 'African' woman's creation of textuality is at once the expression of female individualities and a transgression of boundaries. The particular category of fiction for children as written by Kimenye and Macgoye reveals the configuration of a voice and identity for the female 'Other' and writer which enables a subversive renegotiation of identity in the face of patriarchal traditions.

Spanish artist Francisco Goya (1746-1828) was fascinated by reading, and Goya's attention to the act and consequences of literacy-apparent in some of his most ambitious, groundbreaking creations-is related to the reading revolution in which he participated. It was an unprecedented growth both in the number of readers and in the quantity and diversity of texts available, accompanied by a profound shift in the way they were consumed and, for the artist, represented. Goya and the Mystery of Reading studies the way Goya's work heralds the emergence of a new kind of viewer, one who he assumes can and does read, and whose comportment as a skilled interpreter of signs alters the sense of his art, multiplying its potential for meaning. While the reading revolution resulted from and contributed to the momentous social transformations of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Goya and the Mystery of Reading explains how this transition can be tracked in the work of Goya, an artist who aimed not to copy the world around him, but to read it.

A la fin de sa vie, alors qu'il etait employe au Ministere de la Police generale, Retif de La Bretonne n'a cesse d'ecrire de nouvelles oeuvres, pleines d'audace et d'imagination. Apres sa mort, il a laisse plusieurs manuscrits inedits, rediges en 1798-1799, malheureusement disperses par les marchands d'autographes: Les Revies, qu'il comptait placer dans L'Enclos et les oiseaux, et Les Converseuses, destinees a une reedition du Palais-Royal. Essai d'archeologie litteraire, cette edition critique s'efforce de reconstituer et de distinguer les oeuvres originales, a partir de manuscrits et de fragments tres divers, provenant de plusieurs collections, et pour la plupart inedits. Dans Les Revies, Retif imagine qu'il revit une seconde vie, qui serait la vraie vie. Dans cette autobiographie imaginaire, l'auteur de Monsieur Nicolas, libere de la censure, donne libre cours a tous ses fantasmes de puissance sexuelle, de richesse et de pouvoir. L'inspiration des Revies se retrouve dans Les Converseuses, serie d'histoires racontees par les heroines du Palais-Royal, qui ne sont pas moins scabreuses, evoquant tour a tour libertinage, voyeurisme, inceste et impuissance. L'introduction presente l'histoire de la redecouverte des fameux manuscrits autographes de la collection Pierre Louys, une description minutieuse de tous les manuscrits retrouves, la situation de Retif entre 1798 et 1802, la genese et la structure des Revies, ainsi que leur signification religieuse et philosophique en cette fin du dix-huitieme siecle marquee par l'idee de regeneration, synonyme de revolution. Le texte est etabli en respectant rigoureusement l'orthographe, la ponctuation et la typographie originales de Retif. Il est accompagne de variantes et de tres nombreuses notes etablissant des comparaisons avec les pages correspondantes de Monsieur Nicolas. Cette edition devrait permettre aux chercheurs d'identifier de nouveaux manuscrits et de reconstituer un jour l'ensemble des Revies, une des oeuvres les plus originales et les plus revelatrices de la vieillesse de Retif.

Scottish Medicine and Literary Culture, 1726-1832 examines the ramifications of Scottish medicine for literary culture within Scotland, throughout Britain, and across the transatlantic world. The contributors take an informed historicist approach in examining the cultural, geographical, political, and other circumstances enabling the dissemination of distinctively Scottish medico-literary discourses.

Conversations with Jim Harrison, Revised and Updated offers a judicious selection of interviews spanning the writing career of Jim Harrison (1937-2016) from its beginnings in the 1960s to the last interview he gave weeks before his death in March 2016. Harrison labeled himself and lived as a ""quadra schizoid"" writer. He worked in fiction, poetry, nonfiction, and screenwriting, and he published more than forty books that attracted an international following. These interviews supply a lively narrative of his progress as a major contemporary American author. This collection showcases Harrison's pet peeves, his candor and humility, his sense of humor, and his patience. He does not shy from his authorial obsessions, especially his efforts to hone the novella, for which he is considered a contemporary master, or the frequency with which he defied polite narrative conventions and created memorable, resolute female characters. Each conversation attests to the depth and range of Harrison's considerable intellectual and political preoccupations, his fierce social and ecological conscience, his aesthetic beliefs, and his stylistic orientations in poetry and prose.

Spaces of Madness examines the role of the insane asylum in Argentine prose works published between 1889 and 2011. From a place of existential exile at the turn of the twentieth century to a symbolic representation of Argentine society during and immediately subsequent to the Dirty War, the figure of the asylum in Argentine literature has evolved along with the institution itself. The authors studied in Spaces of Madness include Manuel T. Podesta, Roberto Arlt, Leopoldo Marechal, Julio Cortazar, Adolfo Bioy Casares, Juan Jose Saer, Abelardo Castillo, Ricardo Piglia, and Luisa Valenzuela.