In this poignant bilingual collection, preeminent New Mexican poet E. A. "Tony" Mares posthumously shares his passionate journey into the broken heart and glimmering shadows of the Spanish Civil War, whose shock waves still resonate with the political upheavals of our own times. Mares engages in dialogue with heroes and demons, anarchists and cardinals, and beggars and poets. He takes us through the convex mirror of history to the blood-stained streets of Madrid, Guernica, and Barcelona. He interrogates the assassins of Federico Garcia Lorca for their crimes against poetry and humanity. Throughout the collection the narrator is participant and commentator, and his language is both lyrical and direct. In addition to Mares's parallel Spanish and English poems, the book includes a prologue by Enrique Lamadrid, an introduction by Fernando Martin Pescador, and an epilogue by Susana Rivera. Lovingly shepherded and completed by friends and family, this book will appeal to Mares enthusiasts and readers interested in poetry and history, who will be glad to have this unexpected gift from a master's voice.

Originally published in 1985. This investigation of Ovid's fable takes a different tack to previous studies of the love lyric or the themes but looks at the creation of narrative strategies to explain Narcissus' experience. The story has always been understood as literally impossible but invites readers to ask what is meant by the puzzling tale of deception and death. The limits placed on the fable by the commentaries of the medieval period allow us to appreciate the narrative expansion of the fable in twelfth and thirteenth-century poetry. Themes in this book are the way the fable is used as a means for knowledge of physical nature and the development of science; the importance of language in the fable and in its settings when rewritten in other texts, and psychoanalytic aspects of Echo and Narcissus. The fable has the capacity to represent mental life and psychological crisis within other narratives and this is also an important discussion point, based around the medieval text Roman de la Rose. The book also considers the wider Metamorphoses and Ovid's importance for literature.

Originally published in 1992, Turkic Oral Poetry provides an expert introduction to the oral epic traditions of the Turkic peoples of central Asia. The book seeks to remedy the problem of non-specialists' lack of access to information on the Turkic traditions, and in the process, it provides scholars in various disciplines with material for comparative investigation. The book focuses on "central traditions" of this region, specifically those of the Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Karakalpak's, and Kirghiz and looks at the historical and linguistic background to a survey of the earliest documents, portraits of the singers and of performance considerations of genre, story-patterns, and formulaic diction, and discussions of "composition in performance", memory, rhetoric and diffusion.

First published in 1979, this book provides thorough a guide through Coleridge's diverse body of work, looking not just his poetry but also his literary criticism and theories, plays, political journalism and theory, and writings on religion and philosophy. The author is careful to avoid emphasising one aspect of his work over another and consequently the whole emerges as a richer, more complete body of thought - less esoteric and more concerned with the world. It challenges the notion of the 'damaged archangel', showing he was a successful playwright, long-standing contributor to one of the foremost papers of the day and a literary figure of note in touch with leading thinkers and writers.

DOWN TO THE SUNLESS SEA explores the time Coleridge spent in Gibraltar, Malta, Sicily and mainland Italy, where he had planned to recover his health, escape the clutches of opium and gain inspiration from the landscape; however, the reality would prove very different. After his short sojourn in Gibraltar, Coleridge arrived in Malta, where he became acquainted with the British Governor, Alexander Ball. He settled into Maltese life, initially taking on the role of acting Under-Secretary. Travelling to Sicily, Coleridge embraced the islands landscapes but was shaken to find the opium poppy was an important local crop. The Mediterranean would not prove the solution to his addiction. He visited the Consul, G. F. Leckie, and was invited to stay with him at a house on the site of Timoleon's Roman villa. The poet visited the antiquities of Syracuse and at the opera house encountered the soprano, Anna-Cecilia Bertozzi, nearly succumbing to her charms. Back in Malta, he was offered rooms in the Treasury building (now the Casino Maltese) and took up the post of Public Secretary. Legal pronouncements in Italian bear Coleridges signature. Leaving behind these matters of state, he drifted through the Italian peninsula, engaging with a coterie of artistic ex-pats when in Rome. His listless, half-hearted, and financially embarrassed attempts at the Grand Tour included a narrow escape from French troops. Coleridges Mediterranean sojourn impacted on his life and writing, not to mention his health, which saw a marked decline, leading to his final years in Highgate under the roof of a friendly doctor. Down to the Sunless Sea is a literary reflection on the fact that the sun-filled Mediterranean was not the tonic he had first imagined.

This lively introduction to the poems of W. B. Yeats, first published in 1988, provides a series of intriguing new readings of his work in relation to his profound involvement with occultism and folklore. During Yeats's formative years as an artist, two compelling movements were emerging: the revivals of interest in Irish folklore and in the mag

This book, first published in 1988, does not concern the theory of poetry so much as the poetry of theory: a poetry that theorizes, that has a "view" on things, that thinks. What or what things does poetry think about, and what do we mean by thinking? The author attempts to answer these questions by examining the work of three poets - Wallace Stevens, Cesar Vallejo, and Rene Char - and reflects upon the poetry itself. This title will be of interest to students of literature and literary theory.

Viewing Samuel Taylor Coleridge's pursuit of continental intellectualism through the lens of cosmopolitanism, Maximiliaan van Woudenberg examines the so-called 'German Mania' of the writer in the context of the intellectual history of the university. At a time when the confessional model of Oxbridge precluded a liberal education in England, van Woudenberg argues, Coleridge's pursuit of continental methodologies and networks encountered at the University of Goettingen anticipated the foundation of the modern von Humboldt research-university model. Founded by the Hanoverian rulers of Great Britain, this cosmopolitan institution of knowledge successfully fostered cross-cultural interchange between German and British intellectuals during the latter half of the eighteenth century. van Woudenberg links the origins of Coleridge's engagement with European intellectualism to his first encounter with the innovations of a Reform university during his studies at the University of Goettingen in 1799, a period that many critics and biographers believe spoiled his poetry. Drawing on hitherto unexamined primary records and documents in German Kurrentschrift, this study shows Coleridge to be a visionary whose cross-cultural dissemination of continental intellectualism in England was ahead of its time and presents an intriguing episode in Cosmopolitan Romanticism by a major canonical figure.

This bibliography, first published in 1988, is intended to make more readily accessible the wealth of Dickinson criticism and scholarship that appeared from 1969 through 1985. During the 17 years that are covered in this bibliography nearly 800 books, articles and dissertations have appeared. The present work is intended to aid both students and scholars in finding the materials they need in their study of, and research on, Emily Dickinson's poetry and her life.

Mingling fact and fiction, The Three Rimbauds imagines how Rimbaud's life would have unfolded had he not died at the age of thirty-seven. The myth of Arthur Rimbaud (1854-1891) focuses on his early years: how the great enfant terrible tore through the nineteenth-century literary scene with reckless abandon, leaving behind him a trail of enemies, the failed marriage of an ex-lover who shot him, and a body of revolutionary poetry that changed French literature forever. He stopped writing poetry at the age of twenty-one when he left Europe to travel the world. He returned only shortly before his death at the age of thirty-seven. But what if 1891 marked not the year of his death, but the start of a great new beginning: the poet's secret return to Paris, which launched the mature phase of his literary career? This slim, experimental volume by Dominique Noguez shows that the imaginary "mature" Rimbaud-the one who returned from Harar in 1891, married Paul Claudel's sister in 1907, converted to Catholicism in 1925, and went on to produce some of the greatest works in twentieth-century French prose-was already present in the almost forgotten works of his childhood, in style and themes alike. Only by reacquainting ourselves with the three Rimbauds-child, young adult, and imaginary older adult-can we truly gauge the range of the complete writer.

The Post-Romantics, first published in 1990, provides a clear, introductory guide to the literary careers and reputations of five major Victorian poets: Tennyson, Browning, Arnold, Swinburne and Clough. Heirs to the Romantics tradition, the predecessors of the moderns. This accessible and invaluable guide with help readers to develop an informed, individual response to the poetry of the post-romantics.

In The Last of an Age, Sooyong Kim explores the relationship between social change and the development of an Ottoman literary canon in the course of the sixteenth century by examining the work and reception of a popular poet, Zati (1471-1546). Kim argues that a newly emergent group of bureaucratic literati, through the production of authoritative biographical dictionaries, ultimately relegated Zati to a lesser literary age, driven by a self-fashioning that privileged broad linguistic ability, above all else, with poetry serving as the main vehicle for demonstrating that. This study is interdisciplinary in approach, taking insights from literary studies, cultural history, and social theory. It adds to the scholarship on the rise of early modern Ottoman canons in the fields of visual arts and music and complements recent work on court patronage. Framed by ongoing critiques of canon formation among specialists of early modern Europe and late imperial China, the study offers a comparative perspective on those issues.

First published in 1987, this book is written for those who are encountering Wordsworth for the first time and for those familiar with his works that are at a loss to understand his reputation or why his work has impressed them. The strength of the author's approach is that it unravels the poet's true meaning and the process by which he all too frequently lost the voice of inspiration - working and reshaping his poems until the original freshness disappeared. It concentrates on helping the reader appreciate Wordsworth's distinctive and daring way with words and poetic structure. By showing Wordsworth's failures, the author demonstrates by contrast the achievements of his greatest works.

First published 1984. In a provocative study, this book argues that the problems posed by Shelley's notoriously difficult style must be understood in relation to his ambivalence towards language itself as an artistic medium - the tension between the potential of language to mirror emotional experience and the recognition of it's inevitable limitations. Through an exposition of Shelley's idea of language, as reflected in his theoretical writings and individual poems, this book makes a strong case for his artistic worth. A definitive introduction to Shelley, useful for both scholars and newcomers, this book will be interest to students of literature.

First published in 1975. Southey first made his reputation, when he was a very young man, as a poet. Although he is now remembered primary for his poetry, this title reveals how he excelled in many other genres as well. Examination of Southey's life reveals an attractive and humane personality, at ease among his books, his family and a wide and impressive range of friends, including Wordsworth, Coleridge, Lamb, Landor and Scott. This title will be of interest to students of literature.

John Keats remains one of the most familiar and beloved of English poets, but has received surprisingly little critical attention in recent years. This study is a fresh contribution to Keats criticism and Romantic scholarship, positioning Keats as a figure of philosophical interest who warrants renewed attention. Exploring Keats's own Romantic accounts of feeling and thinking, this study draws a connection between poetry and the phenomenological branches of modern philosophy. The study takes Keats's poetic evocation of touching hands, wandering feet, beating hearts and breathing bodies as a descriptive elaboration of consciousness and a phenomenological account of experience. The philosophical terms of analysis adopted here challenge the orthodoxies of Keats scholarship, traditionally characterised by the careful historicisation of a limited canon. The philosophical framework of analysis enhances the readings put forward, while Keats's poems, in turn, serve to give fuller expression of those ideas themselves. Using Keats as a particular case, this book also demonstrates the ways in which theory and philosophy supplement literary scholarship.

This book studies Wallace Stevens and pre-Socratic philosophy, showing how concepts that animate Stevens' poetry parallel concepts and techniques found in the poetic works of Parmenides, Empedocles, and Xenophanes, and in the fragments of Heraclitus. Tompsett traces the transition of pre-Socratic ideas into poetry and philosophy of the post-Kantian period, assessing the impact that the mythologies associated with pre-Socratism have had on structures of metaphysical thought that are still found in poetry and philosophy today. This transition is treated as becoming increasingly important as poetic and philosophic forms have progressively taken on the existential burden of our post-theological age. Tompsett argues that Stevens' poetry attempts to 'play' its audience into an ontological ground in an effort to show that his 'reduction of metaphysics' is not dry philosophical imposition, but is enacted by our encounter with the poems themselves. Through an analysis of the language and form of Stevens' poems, Tompsett uncovers the mythology his poetry shares with certain pre-Socratics and with Greek tragedy. This shows how such mythic rhythms are apparent within the work of Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer, and how these rhythms release a poetic understanding of the violence of a 'reduction of metaphysics.'

"Eve of the Festival" is a study of Homeric myth-making in the first and longest dialogue of Penelope and Odysseus ("Odyssey "19). This study makes a case for seeing virtuoso myth-making as an essential part of this conversation, a register of communication important for the interaction between the two speakers. At the core of the book is a detailed examination of several myths in the dialogue in an attempt to understand what is being said and how. The dialogue as a whole is interpreted as an exchange of performances that have the eve of Apollo's festival as their occasion and that amount to activating, and even enacting, the myth corresponding within the Odyssey to the ritual event of the festival.

A study of the poetry of Hardy, Yeats, and Larkin in relation to their shared preoccupation with time, change, and loss, the most ancient and fertile theme in lyric and reflective verse, known to earlier English poets as mutability. Though the importance of the socio-political and ideological context is in every case acknowledged, the literary-history context is viewed as primary: hence the introductory survey of foundational Renaissance and Romantic poets with whose work Hardy, Yeats, and Larkin were thoroughly familiar. Although a preoccupation with the subject of time and change in the work of these three poets is a critical commonplace, no one has ever isolated it for special attention, or used it to link them either together or with their historical predecessors. This is an entirely new approach to their work. The critical methodology employed is evidential and analytical rather than theoretical, focussed throughout on the meaning and the mood of each poem and the distinctive individuality of each poet.

A collection of poems from the US Poet Laureate. While Billy Collins' poems often begin in the everyday and domestic, they might end anywhere - and readers might lift their heads from the book to a world startlingly different from the one they had left moments before.

'Longman Preface books are intended to give "modern and authoritative guidance" on the lives and works of the major writers ... Gamini Salgado's A Preface to Lawrence does just that.' Times Educational Supplement D. H. Lawrence, criticised, censored and dismissed in his lifetime, now stands as one of the major imaginative novelists of the early twentieth-century. Clear, vivid and convincing, Gamini Salgado's introduction to the life and works of D H Lawrence, sets the writer firmly in the context of his times and: * outlines his life and intellectual background, and their effect on his writing * looks in detail at many of Lawrence's works, including Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, his shorter fiction, poetry and plays * examines Lawrence as a literary critic * covers important people and places in Lawrence's life and their effect on him Gamini Salgado was formerly Professor of English at Exeter University. His works include a book on Sons and Lovers (Arnold), an anthology of critisism of it (Macmillan) and a number of studies of drama and prose literature.

This book contains over 40 years of criticism, the changes and development in Gaelic scholarship during that period bringing fresh perceptions and interpretations. The essays vary in subject matter, from the folk songs of the 17th century to the parallels between the instigators of the Clearances and the fascists of Germany.

This book, first published in 1991, supplies a neglected cultural context for T. S. Eliot's writings of the 1930s and 1940s, particularly Four Quartets, and attempts to disprove the widespread belief in Eliot's unproblematic commitment to England, and the 'Englishness'. The book traces Eliot's classicism not only in linguistic and formalist terms but also in his construction of England in the Quartets and Quartets-related essays. His practice is related to the vigorous polemic concerning the definition of England found in the 1930s and 1940s, in material as diverse as landscape painting, advertising, travel literature and the detective novel. This original and provocative text will not only be of interest to students and teachers of Eliot, but to those interested in representations of nationality.