The Ninth International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, held in the Netherlands in July 1984, follows the tradition of broad international information exchange that was developed at the eight previous symposia. Over the years the scope of the symposia has gradually widened to become both more international and more comprehensive than that of the earlier meetings. The Ninth Symposium continues this trend by including papers on a wide range of theoretical issues by leading members of the international research community.

This volume addresses key contemporary aspects in cycling policy, practice and research. Cycling has seen a sharp increase in scientific and policy attention in the past decade. The amount of research has surged over the past couple decades. Also, levels of cycling have increased substantially in many countries and cities, and many areas have seen increases in infrastructure investments. In addition, the last decade has seen innovations in bicycle technology, in particularly the rise of electric-assist (e-bikes) and dock-less bike sharing schemes. This volume reviews the state of the art on cycling from various angles. As such it explores planners' (engineers', policy makers') provisions for cycling, of cyclists' (and non-cyclists') travel behaviour, and resulting consequences for individuals and society. One focus is on demand-side aspects, including the use of bicycles and their users including patterns and trends in cycling, determinants of cycling, and modelling of cycling. Another focus is on impacts of cycling, such as emissions, safety aspects, as well as changes during the COVID pandemic.

Part of a series of detailed reference manuals on American economic history, this volume traces the development and rapid growth of transportation across the USA in the mid-1800s.

Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability is a critical examination on how the maritime transport sector helps regions to achieve their sustainability goals, especially focusing on the challenges posed by climate change. This book analyzes maritime transport from multiple perspectives, establishing a strong theoretical framework drawn on evidence from both the developed and emerging economies across the globe. It identifies commonalities that contribute to a coherent transportregion relationship, including how maritime operations, planning, and management impact regional governance. Tracing the vital threads linking transport to its regional surroundings, Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability analyses the major issues and challenges that maritime transport researchers, planners, and policymakers are facing.

What challenges do pedestrians and cyclists face in cities of the developing world? What opportunities do these cities have to provide for walking and cycling? Based on in-depth research conducted in Cape Town (South Africa), Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and Nairobi (Kenya), this book explores these questions by presenting work on walking and cycling travel behaviour, the status of road safety in these cities, as well as an analysis of the infrastructure for walking and cycling, and the workings of the institutions responsible for planning for these modes. The book also presents case studies relating to particular opportunities and challenges, such as the development and evaluation of 'walking bus' interventions, and the opportunities micro-simulation of pedestrian interventions offers within a data-scarce environment. Non-motorized Transport Integration into Urban Transport Planning in Africa demonstrates that transport and urban planning remains situated in a logic of automobile-dependent transport planning and global city development. This logic of practice does not pay adequate attention to walking and cycling. It argues that a significant shift in both policy as well as political commitment is needed so as to prioritize walking and cycling as strategies for sustainable transport policy in urban Africa. This book will be a key text for practitioners and policy makers working in planning, transport policy and urban development in Africa, as well as students and scholars of African studies, development studies, urban geography, transport studies and sustainable development.

Practically everybody in the community uses the transport system, and an eighth of personal consumption expenditure in Britain is spent on transport. This book, first published in 1980 and revised in 1984, presents a synthesis of theoretical and empirical material to explain the elements of transport economics. These include demand, supply, pricing and investment, and the importance of institutional arrangements is emphasised in chapters on transport planning, and on international transport, in which shipping and airline economics are analysed.

Lowe's Transport Manager's and Operator's Handbook 2023 provides a complete overview of the operational guidance governing the UK's road transport operators. With the uncertainty of technological advancement, post-Brexit trade arrangements and various industry crises, it is essential for the UK's road transport operators to have a firm grasp of the processes, rules and regulations that govern their industry. This fully updated 53rd edition covers all aspects of transport legislation relating to goods vehicles and their operators from vehicle registration, maintenance and load management to professional competence, operator training and driver testing. Road traffic law is explained alongside how to ensure safety on the road and at work. Meeting operating standards, keeping up to date with the latest industry changes and complying with the law, all while running sustainable transport operations, has never been simpler with the help of Lowe's Transport Manager's and Operator's Handbook 2023. It is an essential resource for transport managers, fleet operators, owner driver haulers and those working in the industry looking to ensure operational stability and legislative compliance in a turbulent environment.

Fully grasp the core principles of logistics, distribution management and the supply chain, in addition to emerging trends and the latest technologies, with this definitive guide that offers clear and straightforward explanations. The Handbook provides practitioners and students with a complete, step-by-step overview of the many different aspects of setting up, managing and optimizing supply chains. Designed to offer a full appreciation of how supply chains are planned and operated, it is structured logically and delves into topics in more clarity and detail than disparate collections of research papers. Integrating both strategic and tactical insights, this textbook is underpinned throughout by real-world data and worked examples that bring the concepts to life. The seventh edition offers: Updates and solutions designed to meet the challenges faced by those studying and working in the sector New coverage of future supply chain related technologies, including artificial intelligence, data analytics, digital twins and autonomous mobile robots and how these can be used to optimize operations and increase productivity Online resources including lecture slides (tables, images and formulae from the text), acronyms and abbreviations and infographics. Written by an author team with extensive practical experience in some of the most challenging environments across the world, this seminal text is an invaluable resource for both practitioners and students, providing a useful desk reference for topics across the wide ranging and vitally important fields of logistics and the supply chain.

Why do organisations decline, and what happens when they do? Strategy and Managed Decline: London Transport 1948-87 is a historical case study looking at how London Transport, a world beater in 1948, declined from being an international exemplar to dilapidation in 30 years. Strategy and Managed Decline considers the inheritance left by the founders of London Transport and subjects their legacy to a strategic and political audit. In three sections, the book examines archival data from the Transport for London (TfL) Archive covering the car revolution, strategic political clashes and the performance of the chairmen to challenge existing theory and extant histories. It offers hypotheses situated in management, leadership, politics and strategy which explain the decades of deterioration followed by a dramatic revival in the late 1980s. Examining the turbulent politics of the long conflict between London Transport, municipal and national government in detail, Strategy and Managed Decline: London Transport 1948-87 offers novel interpretations of events by objectively analysing the strategic stories that politics created about London's transport. It concludes by asking whether a shift in managerial strategy away from maximising utility and towards cost minimisation caused, or was just coincident with, resurgence and explores what lessons there are for TfL today.

The ways in which we travel have a huge impact on sustainability. This book addresses the relationship between travel patterns and the physical form of cities, and considers the role of spatial planning in that relationship. Three sections present empirical research and commentaries from leading academics and practitioners from Europe, the USA, Australia and Japan. The first section considers the impact of urban form in combination with factors such as lifestyles and socio-demographic change on sustainable transport. The second addresses the impact of different elements of urban form, such as density, configuration and mix of uses, on mobility. The final section focuses on issues surrounding the implementation of spatial planning policies to support sustainable travel. The book will be of interest to practitioners, academics and students in the fields of planning, transport and geography.

In recent decades, all infrastructures have undergone significant restructuring. This worldwide phenomenon is often labelled 'liberalization' and although expectations were high with respect to lower prices, greater efficiency and innovation, the expected gains have not always been fully realized. This extensive, state-of-the-art Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the various experiences of liberalization across different sectors, regions and disciplines. The multidisciplinary approach focuses on the economic, political and institutional aspects of liberalization, as well as to a lesser extent on technological issues. As such, it constitutes a unique contribution as this broad overview is often lost in the sector specific, country-focused and purely disciplinary approaches prevalent in the current literature. Sectors explored include telecoms, the Internet, energy and transport, while the truly global perspective incorporates unique case studies from an array of developed and developing countries including the US, China, India and the EU. The International Handbook of Network Industries will become the definitive volume for academics researchers and students of economics, political science and law interested in infrastructure regulation. It will also prove a valuable guide to practitioners and policy makers involved in liberalization and competition.

These Recommendations have been developed by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods in light of technical progress, the advent of new substances and materials, the exigencies of modern transport systems and, above all, the requirement to ensure the safety of people, property and the environment. They are addressed to governments and international organizations concerned with the regulation of the transport of dangerous goods. They do not apply to the bulk transport of dangerous goods in sea-going or inland navigation bulk carriers or tank-vessels, which is subject to special international or national regulations.

Freight Transport and the Modern Economy adapts a well-known textbook by Michel Savy, revising, extending and updating it for British, European and international readers. It deals not only with the technical aspects of transport, logistics and supply chain management, but also the interactions between transport professionals and the public authorities in the modern social, political, economic and environmental context. The transport of freight is presented as a system, mixing empirics and theory, showing how transport itself functions and also its strong influence on the modern economy, with a growing volume of production, turnover and employment. The nature of freight transport, an industrial process widely marketed as a service, is analysed in depth, explaining the main characteristics of the transport operation, its market and the regulatory context. The main actors, the professional actors (carriers, shippers and other agents) and the public authorities are introduced, and their behaviour and interactions are clarified. This comprehensive approach allows the reader to go further and consider in particular the approaches and practices of transport by carriers, customers, logistics managers, political decision makers and citizens, to tackle long range issues such as the 'decoupling' of production and transport recommended by some institutions and experts, and to explore the need for more infrastructure, or the capacity of the freight transport industry to reduce its contribution to pollution and climate change. This book treats freight transport as a whole system in its technical, economic, social, political and environmental context, in contrast to existing transport literature focused on individual aspects, such as transportation planning (usually for cars or passengers), logistics (essentially management issues), or individual transport modes. This book is comprehensive in its treatment of freight transport and in its use of multiple disciplinary perspectives.

The fifty years from the last decade of the eighteenth century saw great changes in Britain. Significant technological and economic change, not to mention wars, affected great swathes of the population and profoundly changed many aspects of life. In this book Fabian Hiscock considers this dramatic upheaval as it played out in western Hertfordshire, focusing in particular on just one of the many innovations of the time: the Grand Junction Canal, created to connect the Midlands with London. Having described the complex process of creating the Canal itself, the author turns to how western Hertfordshire experienced, and responded to, the new trade route that now traversed its fields and settlements. In the area’s towns and villages - particularly Rickmansworth, Watford, Hemel Hempstead, Berkhamsted and Tring - the Canal made an impact, but to what extent did it live up to the promises made by its promoters? And what were the impacts on trade and transport, on work and home life? Did it create jobs and wealth for local people? Or did it simply pass through, leaving those living on either side relatively unaffected? Whether and in what way western Hertfordshire changed as a result of the Grand Junction Canal is the focus of this work. 1841 is the chosen end date for the study period because of the coincidence of the Census undertaken that year, which sheds some light on the industrial make-up of the area, the tithe awards made between 1838 and 1844, allowing study of the Canal’s effect on land ownership and usage across the area, and the start of the London and Birmingham Railway’s real economic effect. In combining canal history with a detailed social and economic study of a part of the county that is not much written about, Fabian Hiscock has written a superbly researched and wide-reaching book that will be of interest to a broad range of readers.

Over the past ten years, the study of mobility has demonstrated groundbreaking approaches and new research patterns. These investigations criticize the concept of mobility itself, suggesting the need to merge transport and communication research, and to approach the topic with novel instruments and new methodologies. Following the debates on the role of users in shaping transport technology, new mobility research includes debates from sociology, planning, economy, geography, history, and anthropology. This edited volume examines how users, policy-makers, and industrial managers have organized and continue to organize mobility, with a particularly attention to Europe, North America, and Asia. Taking a long-term and comparative perspective, the volume brings together thirteen chapters from the fields of urban studies, history, cultural studies, and geography. Covering a variety of countries and regions, these chapters investigate how various actors have shaped transport systems, creating models of mobility that differ along a number of dimensions, including public vs. private ownership and operation as well as individual vs. collective forms of transportation. The contributions also examine the extent to which initial models have created path dependencies in terms of technology, physical infrastructure, urban development, and cultural and behavioral preferences that limit subsequent choices.

The Routledge Handbook of Public Transport is a reference work of chapters providing in-depth examination of the current issues and future developments facing public transport. Chapters in this book are dedicated to specific key topics, identifying the challenges therein and pointing to emerging areas of research and concern. The content is written by an international group of expert contributors and is enhanced through contributions from practitioners to deliver a broader perspective. The Handbook deals with public transport policy context, modal settings, public transport environment, public transport delivery issues, smart card data for planning and the future of public transport. This comprehensive reference work will be a vital source for academics, researchers and transport practitioners in public transport management, transport policy and transport planning.

In recent decades urban regions around the world have engaged in a new process of development based on the creation of new knowledge. Amidst the globalization of economic activities and the arrival of transformative technologies, knowledge has become the key driver of competitiveness and is profoundly reshaping the patterns of economic growth and activity. This book offers a comprehensive new model of the rise of a Knowledge Economy and its evolutionary development in the Megalopolis. These regions are developing new institutions and governance mechanisms to adapt, disseminate, and utilize available knowledge to promote continuing development of their Knowledge Economies. However, such developments are accompanied by increasing inequalities in incomes and in urban services. This book examines the resilience of some urban regions and their recent emergence as vibrant Knowledge Economies. It also reviews the recent renewal and growth in the Megalopolis-- stretching along the Atlantic Seaboard along the metropolitan areas of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington DC. This book will appeal to researchers and professionals interested in urban and regional development, and to business groups interested in economic development.

This book provides insights into China's energy consumption and pollution as well as its energy saving policies. It explores energy saving ways and argues for an energy consumption revolution, which includes technologies to improve transportation resource efficiency, modification of existing transportation infrastructure and structure. This book uses various analytical models to study the relationships within the transportation system. It also includes comparative analysis of China, Japan, the US and developing countries on traffic demand and transportation energy consumption. This book highlights the urgent need to review China's current transportation policies in order to secure a breakthrough in energy saving and emissions reduction.

Practical guide for transport policymakers and planners to achieve low-carbon land transport systems.

Based on wide ranging research, it shows how policies can be bundled successfully and worked into urban transport decision-making and planning strategies.

With case studies from developed and developing countries, it outlines measures for reducing emissions, tailoring these to specific circumstances. It also highlights how greenhouse gas savings are measured, as well as success factors for implementing policies and measures in complex decision-making processes.

For students of sustainable transport, professional planners and decision makers, "Low-Carbon Land Transport" is an invaluable reference for all those looking to help transport networks flow in a sustainable direction.

This book describes the main classical combinatorial problems that can be encountered when designing a logistics network or driving a supply chain. It shows how these problems can be tackled by metaheuristics, both separately and using an integrated approach. A huge number of techniques, from the simplest to the most advanced ones, are given for helping the reader to implement efficient solutions that meet its needs. A lot of books have been written about metaheuristics (methods for solving hard optimization problems) and supply chain management (the field in which we find a huge number of combinatorial optimization problems) in the last decades. So, the main reason of this book is to describe how these methods can be implemented for this class of problems.

Transport policy is an increasingly difficult area for all national governments and regional/local authorities. Tackling car use and realising a sustainable transport system appears to be very difficult. Developing public transport is seen as an increasingly important element in improving the transport system, especially in densely populated areas. At the same time however, governments are under increasing pressure to cut taxation. As a result there is a growing gap between increasing policy need for public transport and government resources to fund that need. This timely book explores one solution to this dilemma, which is the use of local charges and taxes dedicated to support public transport. Unfare Solutions examines how and why such charges have evolved and how they do (or do not) relate to modern transport policy developments and theory. It shows innovative funding techniques developed by both public transport providers and federal and local authorities.

This book seeks to enhance understanding of the impacts of project setup and its implementation environment on project performance by leveraging information from the study of a rich set of European transport infrastructure project cases. It puts forward a system's view of project delivery and aims to serve as a strategic tool for decision makers and practitioners. The proposed approach is not limited to specific stakeholder views. On the contrary, it allows stakeholders to formulate their own strategies based on an holistic set of potential implementation scenarios. Furthermore, by including cases of projects that have been influenced by the recent financial crisis, the book aims to capitalise on experiences and provide guidelines as to the design and implementation of resilient projects delivered both through traditional as well as Public Private Partnership (PPP) models. Finally, the book proposes a new Transport Infrastructure Resilience Indicator and a corresponding project rating system that can be assessed with an eye to the future, ultimately aiming to support the successful delivery of transport infrastructure projects for all stakeholders involved.

'I want to thank the editors for bringing this project to fruition and compiling in one volume contributions which will interest both transport specialists and economists. Engineers and management experts will benefit from the summaries, and rigorous analysis, of recent advances in economic research applied to their fields of interest. Researchers and students in economics will see how economic theory can be applied in a specific context to enrich the study of one sector, transport. In this way, the handbook contributes to the cross-fertilisation of different areas of knowledge and constitutes an important development in the advancement of that knowledge.' - From the foreword by Daniel L. McFadden, 2000 Nobel Laureate in Economics Bringing together insights and perspectives from close to 70 of the world's leading experts in the field, this timely Handbook provides an up-to-date guide to the most recent and state-of-the-art advances in transport economics. The comprehensive coverage includes topics such as the relationship between transport and the spatial economy, recent advances in travel demand analysis, the external costs of transport, investment appraisal, pricing, equity issues, competition and regulation, the role of public - private partnerships and the development of policy in local bus services, rail, air and maritime transport. This Handbook is designed both for use on postgraduate and advanced undergraduate courses and as a reference for anyone working in the field. It also complements the textbook Principles of Transport Economics. Contributors include: S.P. Anderson, H. Andersson, R. Arnott, B. Bartin, L. Basso, A. Behar, M. Ben Akiva, Y. Berechman, M. Beuthe, C.R. Bhat, J. Brocker, M.R. Brooks, K. Button, C.G. Chorus, J. Clougherty, M. Delucchi, A. de Palma, A. Estache, R. Friedrich, J. Gifford, D. Gillen, D. Graham, D. Hensher, E. Iossa, S. Jara-Diaz, E. Juan, Y. Kanemoto, M. Lafourcade, J. Laird, R. Lindsey, D. Mac Fadden, P. Mackie, D. Martimort, D. McCubbin, H. Meersman, J. Mercenier, C. Nash, T. Oum, K. Ozbay, A.R. Pinjari, M. Ponti, S. Proost, R. Renault, P. Rietveld, E. Quinet, G. Santos, T. Tabuchi, J. Thisse, H.J.P. Timmermans, A. Trannoy, N. Treich, L. Trujillo, T. Vanelslander, E. Van de Voorde, A.J. Venables, E. Verhoef, R. Vickerman, J. Walker, W.G. Waters II, M. Wegener, K. Yamaguchi, O. Yanmaz-Tuzel, Y. Yoshida, A. Zhang, Y. Zhang

Transport and mobility are critical for the economic development of cities and regions and are a key factor in achieving sustained economic growth. This collection brings together Peter Nijkamp's influential work in the areas of transport systems and transport policy. The first part offers new theoretical insights and a review of the state-of-the-art in transportation science. The essays address issues such as the costs and benefits of transport, the role of price in transport demand, the impact of information and the potential of congestion pricing. The second part focuses attention on the modelling of transport systems. The third part comprises papers on transport infrastructure and includes studies on the impact of infrastructure and superstructure on economic growth, the costs of infrastructure construction, the evaluation of airport expansion and airport efficiency. The final part considers issues of public policy, including governance principles for sustainable urban transport, welfare implications of information policy, the economic consequences of airline deregulation, the use of policy scenarios for the far future and the transferability of transport policy to other areas. This collection will be essential reading for scholars and students interested in all aspects of transport research and policy.

Bringing together a comparative analysis of the accessibility by public transport of 23 cities spanning four continents, this book provides a "hands-on" introduction to the evolution, rationale and effectiveness of a new generation of accessibility planning tools that have emerged since the mid-2000s. The Spatial Network Analysis for Multimodal Urban Transport Systems (SNAMUTS) tool is used as a practical example to demonstrate how city planners can find answers as they seek to improve public transport accessibility. Uniquely among the new generation of accessibility tools, SNAMUTS has been designed for multi-city comparisons. A range of indicators are employed in each city including: the effectiveness of the public transport network; the relationship between the transport network and land use activity; who gets access within the city; and how resilient the city will be. The cities selected enable a comparison between cities by old world-new world; public transport modes; governance approach; urban development constraints. The book is arranged along six themes that address the different planning challenges cities confront. Richly illustrated with maps and diagrams, this volume acts as a comprehensive sourcebook of accessibility indicators and a snapshot of current policy making around the world in the realm of strategic planning for land use transport integration and the growth of public transport. It provides a deeper understanding of the complexity, opportunities and challenges of twenty-first-century accessibility planning.