Presenting a novel view of the quantitative modeling of microbial growth and inactivation patterns in food, water, and biosystems, Advanced Quantitative Microbiology for Foods and Biosystems: Models for Predicting Growth and Inactivation describes new models for estimating microbial growth and survival. The author covers traditional and alternative models, thermal and non-thermal preservation, water disinfection, microbial dose response curves, interpretation of irregular count records, and how to estimate the frequencies of future outbursts. He focuses primarily on the mathematical forms of the proposed alternative models and on the rationale for their introduction as substitutes to those currently in use.

The book provides examples of how some of the methods can be implemented to follow or predict microbial growth and inactivation patterns, in real time, with free programs posted on the web, written in MS ExcelO, and examples of how microbial survival parameters can be derived directly from non-isothermal inactivation data and then used to predict the efficacy of other non-isothermal heat treatments. Featuring numerous illustrations, equations, tables, and figures, the book elucidates a new approach that resolves several outstanding issues in microbial modeling and eliminates inconsistencies often found in current methods.

Exploring the functional anatomy and physiology of the ventilatory control system from the intracellular to the integrative level, this references serves as the first source to offer comprehensive coverage of the influences of various pharmacological agents on the control of breathing.

Systems-Level Modelling of Microbial Communities: Theory and Practice introduces various aspects of modelling microbial communities and presents a detailed overview of the computational methods which have been developed in this area. This book is aimed at researchers in the field of computational/systems biology as well as biologists/experimentalists studying microbial communities, who are keen on embracing the concepts of computational modelling. The primary focus of this book is on methods for modelling interactions between micro-organisms in a community, with special emphasis on constraint-based and network-based modelling techniques. A brief overview of population- and agent-based modelling is also presented. Lastly, it covers the experimental methods to understand microbial communities, and provides an outlook on how the field may evolve in the coming years.

THE NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER FROM THE WINNER OF THE 2021 PULITZER PRIZE Your body is teeming with tens of trillions of microbes. It's an entire world, a colony full of life. In other words, you contain multitudes. They sculpt our organs, protect us from diseases, guide our behaviour, and bombard us with their genes. They also hold the key to understanding all life on earth. In I Contain Multitudes, Ed Yong opens our eyes and invites us to marvel at ourselves and other animals in a new light, less as individuals and more as thriving ecosystems. You'll never think about your mind, body or preferences in the same way again. 'Super-interesting... He just keeps imparting one surprising, fascinating insight after the next. I Contain Multitudes is science journalism at its best' Bill Gates SHORTLISTED FOR THE WELLCOME BOOK PRIZE 2017 SHORTLISTED FOR THE ROYAL SOCIETY SCIENCE BOOK PRIZE 2017

Written for the professional who has an immediate need for the information but has little or no training in the subject, Cleanroom Microbiology for the Non-Microbiologist, Second Edition introduces principles of microbiology. It explains the consequences of microbiological contamination, what contamination is all about, how microorganisms grow, and how they can be controlled. The author introduces the vocabulary of microbiology and the types, sources, control, and elimination of organisms encountered in the manufacture of sterile products. Beginning with a discussion of the various types of organisms, the text then covers applications for bacterial detection, avoidance of contamination, cleanroom design considerations, and validation of disinfection methods. New topics covered include: -International cleanroom standards -Application of rapid, automated methods for detecting and identifying microbial contaminants -In-depth examination of the role of biofilms in pure water systems -Increased coverage of production of therapeutic products derived from live tissues and cells

Synergistic Approaches for Bioremediation of Environmental Pollutants: Recent Advances and Challenges focuses on the exploitation of various biological treatment technologies and their use to treat toxic contaminants present in industrial effluent and in restoring contaminated sites, which lacks in a more comprehensive manner in existing titles on similar topics available on the global market. The book comprises advanced biotechnologies and updated information, along with sustainable waste management developments and future directions for researchers and scientists working in the field of microbiology.

Teaching can happen anywhere, at any time - not just in classrooms but in churches, in bookstores, in homes, anywhere people get together to share ideas that affect their daily life. In Teaching Community, bell hooks shows how complex ideas of cultural theory can be simplified and made relevant to the lives of working people, and how the values of shared knowledge and learning can be a catalyst for progressive social change. Teaching - so often undervalued in our society - can be a joyous and inclusive activity and, as hooks shows, can never be confined to the classroom.

Assessing the Microbiological A timely exploration of the coordinated functions of microbiological communities and the impacts of global climate change on microbial life Ecosystems function like interlocking puzzles and ultimately the health of an ecosystem depends upon the niche activities of its microbial communities. Assessing the Microbiological Health of Ecosystems summarizes our understanding of how microbial community processes are organized and the mechanisms by which activities of their constituent species are coordinated. The authors collectively present a basis for understanding what produces healthy microbial components of an ecosystem, thereby supplying a foundation for achieving one of the eventual future goals of environmental microbiology: to diagnose and correct the integrative nature of microbial activities when ecosystems fail. Assessing the Microbiological Health of Ecosystems will prove to be a valuable resource to environmental microbiologists, ecologists and integrative biologists. The book will: help researchers and students to understand the commonalities of processes, techniques, and discoveries in the study of microbial communities contribute to understandings of how microbial communities coordinate their function, discussing how the relative rates and effective integration of community microbial processes are currently measured provide insights into the composition of a healthy microbial ecosystem By learning to recognize what constitutes and produces a healthy microbial ecosystem, we gain significant ground on the path towards being able to diagnose and correct the health of ailing microbial ecosystems. Assessing the Microbiological Health of Ecosystems will help new generations of scientists discern new ways to carry these efforts forward.

Essential Microbiology and Hygiene for Food Professionals is an accessible and practical introduction, providing the basic science relating to microorganisms in food. Assuming no prior knowledge of microbiology, chapters take a fresh and modern approach in helping students appreciate the importance of microbiology and hygiene in assuring food safety and quality, and demonstrate the application of key principles relating to the presence, detection, and control of microorganisms in foods. Written in a user-friendly style, this book is an invaluable text for all those studying microbiology and hygiene on courses in the food professions, including food science, food technology, culinary arts, catering and hospitality, nutrition, dietetics, environmental health, and public health.

Protobiology as a physics of becoming emphasizes the dynamics underlying conservation laws, whereas the physics of being emphasize the dynamics presupposing conservation laws. Protobiology thus concerns itself with a convoluted problem of how both the law of motion and its boundary conditions develop with time without forgetting that these two are inseparable, in contrasts to the physics of being that assumes separability.

A human being consists of a mammalian component and a multiplicity of microbes, collectively referred to as the "microbiota" or "microbiome," with which it has a symbiotic relationship. The microbiota is comprised of a variety of communities, the composition of each being dependent on the body site it inhabits. This community variation arises because the numerous locations on a human being provide very different environments, each of which favors the establishment of a distinct microbial community. Each community consists of bacteria, fungi and viruses with, in some cases, archaea and/or protozoa. It is increasingly being recognized that the indigenous microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the health of its human host. However, changes in the overall composition of a microbial community at a body site, or an increase in the proportion of a particular species in that community, can result in disease or other adverse consequences for the host. The Human Microbiota in Health and Disease: An Ecological and Community-Based Approach describes the nature of the various communities inhabiting humans as well as the important roles they play in human health and disease. It discusses techniques used to determine microbial community composition and features a chapter devoted to the many factors that underlie this mammalian-microbe symbiosis. Uniquely, the book adopts an ecological approach to examining the microbial community's composition at a particular body site and why certain factors can shift a community from a eubiotic to a dysbiotic state. The book is for undergraduates and postgraduates on courses with a module on the indigenous microbiota of humans. It will also be useful to scientists, clinicians, and others seeking information on the human microbiota and its role in health and disease.

This book is published on behalf of the Biological Stain Commission.
For 75 years "Conn's Biological Stains "has been a standard reference for all those who used dyes and colorants in the biological and medical sciences. This long-awaited Tenth Edition appears 25 years after R.D. Lillie's Ninth Edition and has been completely rewritten to reflect the increase in range of uses. Although the staining of microscopical preparations continues to expand the uses of dyes and fluorochromes now extend far beyond this traditional application.
This book provides the first critical overview of the whole range of low molecular weight fluorescent probes, outside the catalog literature. The first ten chapters are essays, by leading experts, on the important aspects of colorants and their uses. Most of the remainder of the book consists of descriptions by Dr. Horobin of the properties and recent applications of hundreds of individual compounds, in about twenty chemical classes. The last chapter reviews the procedures employed at the Biological Stain Commission's laboratory to assay and test dyes and certify them as suitable for their intended applications.

The contents of the letters published here, again show the great range of subjects that occupied Van Leeuwenhoek: from sugar candy, the shape and crystal structure of diamonds, the dissolution of silver crystals in aqua fortis to gold dust from Guinea dissolved in aqua regia and the dissolution and separation of gold, silver, and copper.

Every volume in the Series contains the texts in the original Dutch and an English translation. The great range of subjects studied by Van Leeuwenhoek is reflected in these letters: instruments to measure water, pulmonary diseases; experiments relating to the solution of gold and silver; salt crystals and grains of sand; botanical work, such as duckweed and germination of orange pips; description on protozoa. blood, spermatozoa and health and hygiene, for example and harmfulness of tea and coffee and the benefits of cleaning teeth.

This thoroughly revised and updated reference provides comprehensive coverage of the latest developments and scientific advances in dairy microbiologya "emphasizing probiotics, fermented dairy products, disease prevention, and public health and regulatory control standards for dairy foods.

Containing more than 2350 bibliographic citations, tables, drawings and photographsa "550 more than the previous editiona "Applied Dairy Microbiology, Second Edition is an invaluable reference for all food and dairy microbiologists, scientists, and technologists; toxicologists; food processors; sanitarians; dietitians; epidemiologists; bacteriologists; public health and regulatory personnel; and veterinarians; and an important text for upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and continuing-education students in these disciplines.

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The development of biofilms and their role in public health - particularly drinking water - is often overlooked. Ideal for anyone interested in water related issues, Microbiological Aspects of Biofilms and Drinking Water presents an overview of the public health effects associated with drinking water. It highlights the microbiological aspects relating to the development of biofilms.

The first four chapters focus on the state of the water supply. The authors review methods for studying the epidemiological spread of waterborne infections and those used in surveillance and control of pathogenic microbes. He includes the methods used for the detection of pathogens of public health importance in drinking water.

In the subsequent chapters the authors pay close attention to biofilm development within drinking water systems, underlining the public health threat. They cover the microbes important to public health and include the methods used to detect biofilms. In conclusion they review the methods involved in biofilm control - both conventional and biocidal treatments.

Overall, Microbiological Aspects of Biofilms and Drinking Water provides a snapshot of public health and the water supply. It covers the future of drinking water and its associated health hazards and provides a deeper understanding of biofilms and how they provide a safe haven for pathogens and water related diseases.

Rapid detection and indication of the microbiological quality of liquids is an emerging topic that has high potential for numerous applications in the fields of environmental monitoring, industrial process control and medical surveillance. Latest technologies allow online and near-real-time quantitative or qualitative microbial measurements with a significantly higher temporal resolution than traditional methods. Such novel developments will significantly enhance quality monitoring of water resources and liquids and have great capability for automation, control and optimization of industrial processes. Therefore, such methods are assumed to have major impacts on scientific research and technical applications in the near future. The book presents cutting edge research on frontiers in microbiological detection from leading experts: Seven chapters containing review articles on emerging and state-of-the-art online and near-real-time methods of microorganism detection and - indication are giving a comprehensive insight into this novel field. A balance between chapters from industry and contributions from academia was aimed for, covering the broad field of microbiological quality of waters and liquids in environmental, industrial and medical systems. This handbook also contains an extensive glossary pointing out and describing relevant terms and definitions. This handbook is the first of its kind and is a timely, comprehensive source of information for researchers and engineers in the areas of biotechnology, environmental sciences, control technology and the process industries.

Examining intercellular infections in certain plant species that lead to a symbiotic relationship between the host and its endophytic microbes, this volume demonstrates the ability of many types of endosymbionts, acting as a unit with hosts to better survive, compete and reproduce. Practical applications of such endophytes are also discussed, for example, pharmaceutical developments and agricultural management.

Agricultural biotechnology and the production of GM crops have been controversial despite being practiced in both developed and developing countries, the major reason being their potential negative impact on human / animal health or environment. Also prevalent is the view that it is simply unethical to engineer different forms of life in the laboratory, especially when it comes to consuming food generated through genetic engineering. GM crops have been introduced into the agricultural landscape more than 2 decades ago which has allowed us to study their effects on economy, health and the environment. Agricultural Biotechnology: Genetic Engineering for a Food Cause is a compendium of information, practices, observations and discernible insights on agriculture, biotechnology and sustainable development. The book begins by descriptions of genetic engineering practices and strategies for producing GM crops, their importance in the food chain and advantages of GM crops over non-modified crops. Followed by chapters on the strategic genetic applications and the use of synthetics microbiology and microbial symbiosis, Agricultural Biotechnology: Genetic Engineering concludes with an insight of the Future of microbiotechnology in agricultural practices. Agricultural Biotechnology: Genetic Engineering for a Food Cause fills a gap by summarizing the available literature in a wide variety of topics under one single volume, being accessible to audiences in academic, government and industry spaces.

Contents:
Introduction to microbiology. 1.1 Origins of microbiology 1.2 History of sanitary microbiology 1.3 Principles of microbiology Bacteria. 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Structure of bacterial cell 2.3 Identification of bacteria 2.4 Classification of bacteria The eucaryotic protists. 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Algae 3.3 Protozoa 3.4 Fungi Viruses and metazoa. 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Viruses 4.3 Metazoa Laboratory techniques. 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Safety precautions in microbiological laboratories. 5.3 Aseptic techniques 5.4 Cultivation of micro-organisms 5.5 Microscopy 5.6 Enumeration of micro-organisms 5.7 Staining methods 5.8 Microbial assays Introduction to chemistry. 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The atom 6.3 Periodic table and properties of elements 6.4 Chemical bonding 6.5 Stoichiometry and chemical equilibria 6.6 Laws of chemistry 6.7 pH and activity 6.8 Oxidation-reduction reactions. Organic chemistry. 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The carbon atom 7.3 Aliphatic compounds 7.4 Nitrogen-containing compounds 7.5 Aromatic compounds 7.6 Heterocyclic compounds Biological molecules. 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Isomerism 8.3 Proteins 8.4 Polysaccharides 8.5 Nucleic acids 8.6 Lipids Microbial metabolism. 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium 9.3 Energy-yielding metabolism 9.4 Biosynthesis Microbial growth. 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Mathematical description of growth 10.3 Growth curve 10.4 Factors affecting growth 10.5 Continuous cultivation 10.6 Growth on two substrates 10.7 Mixed cultures Water quality chemistry. 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The water molecule 11.3 Oxygen demand 11.4 Acidity and alkalinity 11.5 Hardness and metal ions in water 11.6 Nutrients 11.7 Water quality standards Environmental water chemistry. 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Sources of pollutants 13.3 Groundwater pollution 13.4 Marine pollution 13.5 Physical pollutants 13.6 Chemical pollutants 13.7 Toxic pollutants Aerobic wastewater treatment processes. 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Preliminary and primary treatment 14.3 Objectives of waste-water treatment 14.4 Activated sludge processes 14.5 Substrate removal and growth in biomass recycle systems 14.6 Biological activities in activated sludge 14.7 Operational modifications 14.8 Design modifications 14.9 Percolating filters Anaerobic wastwater treatment. 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Anaerobic sludge digestion 15.3 Biological activities in anaerobic digestion 15.4 Waste stabilisation ponds Composting. 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Process description 16.3 Microbiology of composting 16.4 Fate of pathogens during composting Industrial wastewater treatment. 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Trade effluent control 17.3 Biological aspects of industrial waste treatment 17.4 Aerobic treatment processes 17.5 Anaerobic treatment processes Environmental microbiology. 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Biodegradation in the aquatic environment 18.3 Degradation in heterogeneous environments 18.4 Microbial activity in trace heavy metal cycling 18.5 Eutrophication 18.6 Microbiological indicators of pollution Pathogens. 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Modes of entry and transmission of pathogens 19.3 Diseases caused by waterborne pathogens Water treatment. 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Water treatment processes 20.3 Disinfection.

Late-1990s developments in the study of thermophiles have had considerable significance on theories of evolution. These micro-organisms are able to thrive at temperatures near or even above 100 degrees Celsius, and scientists have begun to study their biology in an attempt to provide clues about the beginnings of life on our planet.
Researchers from diverse background such as biology, genetics, biogeochemistry, oceanography, systematics and evolution come together in this comprehensive volume to address questions such as: Why did life originate? Was the Earth at high temperatures when life began, and if so, how high? What can we conclude about the origins of life from studying thermophilic organisms?

This text presents a new technique for detecting microorganisms, specifically bacteria found in all levels of the biosphere. It also discusses methods for enzymatic release of these microbes as well as their interactions in all ecosystems. Drawings and micrographs help to illustrate this concept. Part one is devoted to the mechanisms of adherence. The second part discusses microbial ecology and the bacterial population of tissues as well as both land and aquatic microbiocenoses in general. Part three specifically covers technique. What is known about the mechanisms of adherence justifies the choice of techniques suggested. Applications in areas such as nature, medicine, environmental hygiene and the food industry are discussed. The explanation of useful techniques, the author's research results, and practical application methods make this volume an essential reference tool for researchers, technicians and practitioners.

Molecular biology and genetics techniques now dominate viral research in attempts to cure diseases such as AIDS. Viral Genome Methods is a practical guide to the newest molecular techniques, providing step-by-step protocols to be used in the laboratory. Recognized authorities and pioneers in viral research pass on their expertise to you.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of antibody technology. It discusses in detail the new generation of engineered antibodies and the latest developments in immunoassay techniques and applications, as well as describing conventional methods of antibody production and use. Antibody Technology will bring the reader up-to-date with current methods, helping the reader to make informed decisions on the best approach to a given task with regard to cost, time and final application.

This introductory text covers all the major groups of microbes with most emphasis being placed on the bacteria and the fungi. The principles and practice of culture techniques are described, including isolation from the natural environment, methods for the safe handling of microbes in the laboratory and dealing with culture obtained from collections.

This volume is devoted solely to the research area of metalloenzymes involving amino acid-residue and related radicals. Topics covered include: general considerations; structure, function and engineering of peroxidases; and ribonucleotide reductase in mammalian systems.