This long-awaited, revised and updated reference/text combines a thorough description of the origin and application of fundamental chemical kinetics through an assessment of realistic reactor problems with an expanded discussion of kinetics and its relation to chemical thermodynamics. Provides exercises of gradiating difficulty that range from simple applications of equations and concepts developed in the text to open-ended situations drawing on creative thinking Adds a host of worked-out illustrations and a notation list after each chapter, reinforcing important concepts Retaining the careful organization and logical progression of ideas that characterized the first edition, the Second Edition of Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Design clarifies chain and polymerization reactions in greater depth contains new material on microbial and enzyme kinetics and adsorption-desorption theory streamlines the presentation of the derivations arising from the kinetic theory of gases addresses transport effect in catalytic reactions explains gas-solid noncatalytic reactions covers the development of two-phase reactor theory based on plug flow, mixing cell, and dispersion models introduces theory and design of fluid slurry and trickle beds examines catalyst deactivation phenomena, ion exchange, and chromatographic reactors and more Including over 1450 equations for developing rational chemical reactor designs and analysis models, the Second Edition of Reaction Kinetics and Reactor Design is an excellent reference for chemical, mechanical, petroleum, plant, process, civil, and design engineers, and an ideal text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

This book defines environmental reaction engineering principles, including reactor design, for the development of processes that provide an environmental benefit. With regard to pollution prevention, the focus is primarily on new reaction and reactor technologies that minimize the production of undesirable side-products (pollutants), but the use of reaction engineering as a means of treating wastes that are produced through other means is also considered.
First is a section on environmentally benign combustion. The three papers discuss methods of reducing the formation of PAHs and NOx, as well as other environmentally sensitive combustion products. The next section contains a collection of contributions that involve the use of a catalyst to support the reaction. Following this is a section on the use of supercritical fluid solvents as environmentally friendly media for chemical reactions. Finally, a series of papers is presented in which novel reactor designs are utilized to obtain product yields not possible in conventional reactor systems. These include the use of reactor-absorber systems, reactive distillation, and reactive membranes.
The book concludes with a chapter contributed by the editors which discusses the educational aspects of pollution prevention. It is necessary for future generations of engineers to be trained to design processes that are inherently environmentally benign. This chapter assembles resource materials for educators which will spark the creative instincts of the researchers using the materials contained within this book to develop new resources for pollution prevention education.
The broad spectrum of topics included in this book indicates the diversity of this area, and the vibrant nature of the ongoing research. The possibilities of producing desirable products without the formation of waste byproducts are bounded only by the creativity of the reaction engineer.

Gas Separation by Adsorption Processes is a complete treatise on all aspects of adsorptive processes. It covers all fundamental principles as well as process design and simulation of gas adsorption processes for separation and purification. This highly popular book in the field has now been reprinted and made available in paperback form.

This book is a compilation of the engineering data on mixing, which have appeared in the major technical journals of chemical engineering and bioengineering since 1975. That year marked the beginning of a period of rapid advancement in the science and technology of mixing, with rather reliable results for both theoretical and experimental studies. In addition, some important earlier articles which have been, and still are being referred to, are included.
Designs of both agitators and tanks still depend primarily on art and experience. In light of this it was felt that the data on mixing should be compiled and presented in a systematic manner to assist in design and analysis of agitated tanks, and to provide easier access to mixing data for various engineering activities. Although computer-aided searches of pertinent data bases can be of assistance to chemical engineers and bioengineers in their studies, they are sometimes time-consuming and often costly. Furthermore inadequate selection of key words can jeopardize the searches. This book offers an alternative method of surveying mixing data which interests readers.
The first chapter presents a variety of results for the experimental measurements of flow patterns in stirred tanks. Most of the measurements were made by using modern Laser-Doppler techniques. This chapter is useful for the prediction of flow patterns in tanks with many different geometries, various types of agitators, and fluids of diverse physical and rheological properties, plus valuable data for the validation of results obtained by CFD simulations. Chapters 2 through 5 deal with data for traditional chemical engineering subjects and Chapter 6 summarizes a number of scale-up relations developed over the years for various systems. These include liquid, solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, gas-liquid, and solid-liquid-gas systems. Chapter 7 provides data related to multiphase processes, and most importantly, drop size and drop-size distributions and bubble-size distributions. These two subjects have not been treated systematically either in text books or in handbooks on stirred-tank mixing, although the results of both experimental and theoretical investigations have been reported on many occasions. Finally gas-inducing mechanically agitated systems are dealt with. The applications of this type of agitation system will become increasingly attractive from the standpoint of rationalization of stirred-tank operations as well as environmental protection.

"Serves as a comprehensive introduction to the preparation, uses, and physical chemistry of silicone surfactants--focusing on silicone polyoxyalkylene copolymers that are surface active in both aqueous and nonaqueous systems. Covers applications in the manufacture of polyurethane foam, coatings, wetting agents, fabric finishes, and polymer surface modifiers."

This book covers the principles of cryopreservation as they relate the preservation of viable cells and cell materials being developed for biopharmaceutical applications. Topics include: the principles of freezing and thawing cells, physiochemical phenomena, process and system design options, method selection considerations, preservation procedures, cryoprotectant additives, freeze-drying human live virus vaccines, and transport system selection criteria. Contributions from well-known experts such as Steven S. Lee, Thomas C. Pringle, William H. Siegel, Richard Wisniewski, and Fangdong Yin make this the single most important study available.

Editors: V.B. Fainerman, G. Loglio, E.H. Lucassen-Reynders, R. Miller and P. Petrov

This monograph provides a comprehensive introduction into the fast developing research field of dynamic processes at liquid/gas and liquid/liquid interfaces to postgraduate students, scientists and engineers interested in the fundamentals of non-equilibrium interfacial properties. It also addresses to some extent application fields, such as foams and emulsions. Theory and experiments on dynamic adsorption layers are considered systematically and discussed with respect to processes at interfaces.
It is both an introduction for beginners in the present field as well as a systematic preparation of a vast range of the current scientific investigations generalised, together with accumulated knowledge for those already being an insider. It is the first extensive review available on the subject of dynamics of adsorption and gives a general summary of the current state of adsorption kinetics theory and experiments. The book also reviews recent progress in new-designed set-ups and improved and generalised known methods for studying interfacial relaxations.

Selenium (Se) is a chemical element of concern due to its toxicity and increasing anthropogenic release to the environment. Se oxyanions, selenite and selenate, are water-soluble, bioavailable and toxic, whereas elemental selenium, Se(0), is solid and less toxic. Nevertheless, Se(0) is potentially harmful as particulate Se(0) has been reported to be bioavailable to bivalves, to fish and also prone to re-oxidation. In the current work we investigated the reduction of selenite and selenate using pure and mixed microbial cultures. A novel strain of Pseudomonas moraviensis showing high Se tolerance was isolated, classified and characterized for the first time. Biogenic Se(0) shows colloidal properties due to its nanosize scale and negatively-charged biopolymer coating. To address the need for efficient solid-liquid separation of biogenic Se(0) prior to environmental discharge, we tested and compared several physical-chemical separation methods. Centrifugation and filtration can be efficiently used for Se(0) separation but they are not feasible at the industrial scale due to prohibitive costs. Alternatively, chemical coagulation by metal salts, e.g. aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, resulted in high removal rates around 90%. Electrocoagulation reached the highest colloidal Se(0) removal efficiency of 97% when using iron electrodes. In conclusion, biogenic Se(0) must be removed in a biological post-treatment step and several approaches described in this work could be successfully used.

This book presents the chemical properties of lignocellulosic fibers, knowledge of which is essential for innovation and sustainable development of their transformation. Thermochemical transformation of wood and other lignocellulosics is presented to highlight its volatile, liquid and solid products and their novel applications. Forest biorefinery is described to emphasize the new products from lignocellulosic constituents, both structural (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignins) and those extraneous to cell walls-extractives. New developments in cellulose technology related to nanocellulose are discussed in relation to new applications. Industrial lignins are presented in detail, both in terms of extraction procedures from spent liquors and structural characterization of the isolated lignins. Application of lignocellulosic biopolymers in new composite materials, or in biomaterials for medicinal purposes, and in solid wood preservation, are described. The example of an industrial biorefinery installed in southwestern France more than 40 years ago is presented.

Intended primarily for undergraduate chemical-engineering students, this book also includes material which bridges the gap between undergraduate and graduate requirements. The introduction contains a listing of the principal types of reactors employed in the chemical industry, with diagrams and examples of their use. There is then a brief exploration of the concepts employed in later sections for modelling and sizing reactors, followed by basic information on stoichiometry and thermodynamics, and the kinetics of homogeneous and catalyzed reactions. Subsequent chapters are devoted to reactor sizing and modelling in some simple situations, and more detailed coverage of the design and operation of the principal reactor types.

Volume I contains a brief review of adsorption history and its development for practical purposes up until now. It also presents some important information on adsorbents and catalysts as well as on the methods of their characterization. The part of this volume dealing with practical industrial applications includes chapters presenting advanced technical tools for high capacity adsorption separation of liquid and gas mixtures, development of new adsorbents for removal of hazardous contaminants from combustion flue gases and wastewaters, degasification of coal seams and fabrication of inorganic membranes and their applications. A comprehensive review is also included on contemporary utility of self-assembled monolayers, adsorption proteins and their role in modern industry, adsorption methods in technology of optical fibre glasses, sol-gel technology, solid desiccant dehumidification systems, etc. The articles give both the scientific backgrounds of the phenomena discussed and emphasize their practical aspects.

The chapters give not only brief current knowledge about the studied problems, but are also a source of topical literature on the subject. A comprehensive bibliography on adsorption principles, design data and adsorbent materials for industrial applications for the period 1967-1997 concludes the book.

This new edition follows the original format, which combines a detailed case study - the production of phthalic anhydride - with practical advice and comprehensive background information. Guiding the reader through all major aspects of a chemical engineering design, the text includes both the initial technical and economic feasibility study as well as the detailed design stages. Each aspect of the design is illustrated with material from an award-winning student design project.
The book embodies the "learning by doing" approach to design. The student is directed to appropriate information sources and is encouraged to make decisions at each stage of the design process rather than simply following a design method. Thoroughly revised, updated, and expanded, the accompanying text includes developments in important areas and many new references.

First published in 1919. Tilden discusses a compilation of chemical discovery and invention to demonstrate the progress of chemistry in the early 20th century. Divided into 5 sections, chemical laboratories and the work done in them, modern discoveries and theories, modern applications of chemistry, and modern progress in organic chemistry, the author presents an overview of the subject. The final section of the book contains an account of important discoveries which find practical applications and provide new views of the constitution of the world in which we live.

The proceedings of the VIIth International Symposium on the "Scientific Bases for the Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts," are in line with the general scope of this series of events. Emphasis in all Symposia has been on the scientific aspects of the preparation of new and industrial catalysts, or on new methods of preparation, rather than on the catalytic reactions in which such solids are ultimately used. In the present context, the catalytic event itself has only been considered as another, though often decisive, method of catalyst characterization.

"Viscosity, Heavy Oils to Waste, Hazardous, Legislation"

This book covers aspects of multiphase flow and heat transfer during phase change processes, focusing on boiling and condensation in microscale channels. The authors present up-to-date predictive methods for flow pattern, void fraction, pressure drop, heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux, pointing out the range of operational conditions that each method is valid. The first four chapters are dedicated on the motivation to study multiphase flow and heat transfer during phase change process, and the three last chapters are focused on the analysis of heat transfer process during boiling and condensation. During the description of the models and predictive methods, the trends are discussed and compared with experimental findings.

Soon after its publication in 1987, the first edition of Ultrafiltration Handbook became recognized as the leading handbook on ultrafiltration technology. Reviews in professional journals praised it as an authoritative and substantive information resource on this technology. Now a completely, updated and expanded edition is available under the title, Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Handbook.
This practical handbook systematically covers the basics of this technology from its scientific fundamentals to a wide range of industrial applications. The presentation is clear and concise with the emphasis on practical use. Many schematics and micrographs illustrate membranes, equipment and processes. Numerous tables and graphs provide useful data on specifications and performance.
The updated information is useful to all those involved in the use of separation and filtration in industrial processes.

Discusses the laboratory and industrial synthesis of nonionic surfactants. Furnishes exhaustive coverage of the most recent advances in nonionic surfactant organic chemistry. Analyzes a novel class of catalysts for the production of surfactants with highly narrow distributions.

New edition covers the latest practices, regulations, and alternative disinfectants

Since the publication of the Fourth Edition of "White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants" more than ten years ago, the water industry has made substantial advances in their understanding and application of chlorine, hypochlorite, and alternative disinfectants for water and wastewater treatment. This "Fifth Edition," with its extensive updates and revisions, reflects the current state of the science as well as the latest practices.

Balancing theory with practice, the "Fifth Edition" covers such important topics as:

Advances in the use of UV and ozone as disinfectants

Alternative disinfectants such as chlorine dioxide, iodine, and bromine-related products

Advanced oxidation processes for drinking water and wastewater treatment

New developments and information for the production and handling of chlorine

Latest regulations governing the use of different disinfectants

For each disinfectant, the book explains its chemistry, effectiveness, dosing, equipment, and system design requirements. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of each disinfectant are clearly set forth. References at the end of each chapter guide readers to the primary literature for further investigation.

Authored and reviewed by leading experts in the field of water and wastewater treatment, this "Fifth Edition" remains an ideal reference for utilities, regulators, engineers, and plant operators who need current information on the disinfection of potable water, wastewater, industrial water, and swimming pools.

From explanations of laws and regulations to hands-on design and operation-the Handbook has it covered!

Offers information necessary for the development of mathematical models and numerical techniques to solve specific drying problems. The book addresses difficult issues involved with the drying equations of numerical analysis, including mesh generation, discretinization strategies, the nonlinear equation set and the linearized algebraic system, convergance criteria, time step control, experimental validation, optimum methods of visualization results, and more.

Inorganic membrane science and technology is a new field of membrane separation technology which until recently was dominated by the earlier field of polymer membranes. Currently the subject is undergoing rapid development and innovation.

The present book describes the fundamental principles of both synthesis of inorganic membranes and membrane supports and also the associated phenomena of transport and separation in a semi-quantitative form.

Features of this book:

- Examples are given which illustrate the state-of-the-art in the synthesis of membranes with controlled properties

- Future possibilities and limitations are discussed

- The reader is provided with references to more extended treatments in the literature

- Potential areas for future innovation are indicated.

By combining aspects of both the science and technology of inorganic membranes this book serves as a useful source of information for scientists and engineers working in this field. It also provides some observations of important investigators who have contributed to the development of this subject.

Examines all known industrial processes using shape selective zeolites, relating the fundamental principles of zeolite catalysis to their practical application-detailing present and potential uses of shape selective catalysis in petroleum processing, aromatics processing, and alternate fuels. Second Edition contain new, up-to-date, and expanded coverage of: the specific features that make zeolites shape selective the role shape selective catlysis can play providing environmentally clean fuels 12-membered oxygen ring systems mesopore systems catalytic characterization tests acid/metal catalysis selective oxidation catalysis with titanium zeolites the synthesis of ethers the production of hetero-compounds, such as alcohols and glycols paraselective alkylation of basic nitrogen compounds the effects of adding ZSM-5 to the diet of live animals and more.

In recent years the use of liquid—liquid extraction equipment has attracted widespread interest from all major chemical engineering, petroleum and pharmaceutical companies as well as university-based scientists and engineers. Liquid—Liquid Extraction Equipment presents :

• a critical analysis of all available information, including practical recommendations
• new ideas on performance enhancement and equipment selection
• an up-to-date review of research results on equipment performance
• illustrations of present understanding using well-known equipment
• a concise survey of past, present and forthcoming procedures

Contents:
Part 1: myths about technology; pressure vessels must be fitted with relief valves (or bursting discs); if a vessel is exposed to fire, it should be emptied as quickly as possible; accidents are due to human failing, so we should eliminate the human element when we can; if a flammable material has a high flashpoint, it is safe and will not explode; blast walls provide the ultimate protection against explosions; we can remove hazards; the public believe we are making the world a better place; fire is worse than smoke; accidents are due to a coincidence of unlikely events; computers introduce new problems; the most valuable writings on safety are codes and standards. Part 2: myths about management; engineers should respond to market needs; many questions can be answered by substituting numbers in well-established equations; policies lead to action; treating employees, customers and suppliers well is good business in the long run; stress is a major cause of ill-health today. Part 3: myths about toxicology and the environment; we should look for the effects of substances that have not yet been studied; the causes of cancer are environmental; scientists should be held responsible for the results of their actions; we should recycle whenever possible; entropy is increasing all the time; myths in other walks of life; afterthoughts.