Synthesis and design of new nanocatalysts is an important area of research that aims to introduce multiple types of useful applications in a greener market. The necessity of nanostructuring the active sites has emerged as the key point in a successful design of the catalysts. The book covers the progress in this research area done in the last ten years. It includes the classification of catalysts and structure of active sites at the nanoscale. The book covers examples to present the concept, evolution of nanocatalysts from the perspective of chemistry of materials and their applications.

Hydrogels are crosslinked, macromolecular polymeric materials arranged in a three-dimensional network, which can absorb and retain large amounts of water. Hydrogels are commonly used in clinical practice and experimental medicine for a wide range of applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, diagnostics, cellular immobilization, separation of biomolecules or cells, and barrier materials to regulate biological adhesions. This book elucidates the underlying concepts and emerging applications of hydrogels and will provide key case studies and critical analysis of the existing research.

This comprehensive tutorial guide to silicon nanomaterials spans from fundamental properties, growth mechanisms, and processing of nanosilicon to electronic device, energy conversion and storage, biomedical, and environmental applications. It also presents core knowledge with basic mathematical equations, tables, and graphs in order to provide the reader with the tools necessary to understand the latest technology developments. From low-dimensional structures, quantum dots, and nanowires to hybrid materials, arrays, networks, and biomedical applications, this Sourcebook is a complete resource for anyone working with this materials: Covers fundamental concepts, properties, methods, and practical applications. Focuses on one important type of silicon nanomaterial in every chapter. Discusses formation, properties, and applications for each material. Written in a tutorial style with basic equations and fundamentals included in an extended introduction. Highlights materials that show exceptional properties as well as strong prospects for future applications. Klaus D. Sattler is professor physics at the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, having earned his PhD at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. He was honored with the Walter Schottky Prize from the German Physical Society, and is the editor of the sister work also published by Taylor & Francis, Carbon Nanomaterials Sourcebook, as well as the acclaimed multi-volume Handbook of Nanophysics.

This edited book focuses on the latest advances and development of utilizing two-dimensional nanostructures for energy and its related applications. Traditionally, the geometry of this material refers to "thin film" or "coating." The book covers three main parts, beginning with synthesis, processing, and property of two-dimensional nanostructures for active and passive layers followed by topics on characterization of the materials. It concludes with topics relating to utilization of the materials for usage in devises for energy and its related applications.

This book walks you through the fundamental deformation and damage mechanisms. It lends the reader the key to open the doors into the maze of deformation/fracture phenomena under various loading conditions. Furthermore it provides the solution method to material engineering design and analysis problems, for those working in the aerospace, automotive or energy industries. The book introduces the integrated creep-fatigue theory (ICFT) that considers holistic damage evolution from surface/subsurface crack nucleation to propagation in coalescence with internally-distributed damage/discontinuities.

Over the last few decades, uncertainty quantification in composite materials and structures has gained a lot of attention from the research community as a result of industrial requirements. This book presents computationally efficient uncertainty quantification schemes following meta-model-based approaches for stochasticity in material and geometric parameters of laminated composite structures. Several metamodels have been studied and comparative results have been presented for different static and dynamic responses. Results for sensitivity analyses are provided for a comprehensive coverage of the relative importance of different material and geometric parameters in the global structural responses.

This book examines the whole range of modern packaging options. It covers edible packaging based on carbohydrates, proteins, antioxidative and antimicrobial packaging, and the chemistry of food and food packaging, such as plasticization and polymer morphology. Issues related to shelf life and biodegradability are also discussed, in addition to newly discovered processing and preservation techniques, most notably modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and active packaging (AP).

Quantum Effects in Tribology is devoted to the study of quantum foundations of materials friction interaction and evolutionary formation of tribosystem's operating parameters. At the start of the book, large consideration is given to the analysis of the existing diversity of friction, wear, and lubrication models and their relationship with each other, as well as to the quantum nature of the measurement process and the wave function reduction caused by the act of measurement. Consideration of measurement as a process of defining the output parameters of tribosystem is carried out with the apparatus of second quantization and conceptions associated with non-local quantum effects. Such an approach makes it possible not only to take another look to the evolution of tribosystems but discover previously unknown regularities of friction. The book is intended for professionals working in the field of tribology, but will be also useful for graduate students specializing in the theory of friction and quantum physics.

The Carbon Nanomaterials Sourcebook contains extensive, interdisciplinary coverage of carbon nanomaterials, encompassing the full scope of the field-from physics, chemistry, and materials science to molecular biology, engineering, and medicine-in two comprehensive volumes. Written in a tutorial style, this second volume of the sourcebook: Focuses on nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanofibers, nanoporous structures, and nanocomposites Describes the fundamental properties, growth mechanisms, and processing of each nanomaterial discussed Explores functionalization for electronic, energy, biomedical, and environmental applications Showcases materials with exceptional properties, synthesis methods, large-scale production techniques, and application prospects Provides the tools necessary for understanding current and future technology developments, including important equations, tables, and graphs Each chapter is dedicated to a different type of carbon nanomaterial and addresses three main areas: formation, properties, and applications. This setup allows for quick and easy search, making the Carbon Nanomaterials Sourcebook: Nanoparticles, Nanocapsules, Nanofibers, Nanoporous Structures, and Nanocomposites a must-have reference for scientists and engineers.

Composite Materials and Processing provides the science and technology of processing several composites using different processing methods, and includes collective information on the processing of common and advanced composite materials. It also weighs the advantages and disadvantages of various processing methods. This book is suitable for materials scientists, and graduate students, as well as for practicing engineers in composite industries.

The book describes the basis for the performance of different reinforcements and matrix materials, highlights technological advancements, and significant points to consider in various processing methods. It dedicates an entire chapter to carbon-carbon composites, introducing the important properties and applications of various composites, and an additional chapter focuses exclusively on the processing of different nanocomposites.

Offers up-to-date information on composite materials processing

Contains material that is easy to read and understand

Includes study questions and a bibliography in each chapter

Provides simple laboratory experiments in the appendix

The author of Composite Materials and Processing takes into consideration that readers may have no prior knowledge about composite materials processing. He breaks down in layman s terms in-depth information about what composites are, and how they work.

This book comprehensively addresses advanced nanofiber manufacturing based on electrospinning technology. The principles, relationships between process parameters and structure, morphology and performance of electrospun nanofibers and nanomaterials, and the methods for enhanced field intensity and uniform distribution are discussed. The electric field intensity and distribution during electrospinning is also analyzed based on finite element analysis on both the needle and the needleless electrospinning. Furthermore, the modification techniques for improved nanomaterials strength are covered, aiming to provide effective avenues towards the manufacture of stronger nanofiber or nanomaterial products.

This book reports on new methodologies and important applications in the field of nanopolymers as well as includes the latest coverage of chemical databases and the development of new computational methods and efficient algorithms for chemical software and chemical engineering. The book provides an overview of the field, explains the basic underlying theory, and gives numerous comparisons of different methods. The new topics covered in this book will be an excellent resource for industries and academic researchers as well.

This book provides valuable information on the new class of nanostructures metal/carbon nanocomposites and discusses new methods of their synthesis, properties, and applications. It covers computer prognosis, including quantum chemical modeling, for metal/carbon nanocomposites synthesis processing as well as fine dispersed suspensions obtaining processes and material modification processes. Intended for researchers, academics, and post-graduate students, the book will give readers an up-to-date look at this important and valuable new class of nanostructures: metal/carbon nanocomposites."

This new volume presents leading-edge research in the rapidly changing and evolving field of polymer science as well as on chemical processing. The topics in the book reflect the diversity of research advances in the production and application of modern polymeric materials and related areas, focusing on the preparation, characterization, and applications of polymers. Also covered are various manufacturing techniques. The book will help to fill the gap between theory and practice in industry.

As one of the most important classes of soft materials, supramolecular materials are of a mixture of networks of molecular chains/fibrils and a liquid. These self-assembled fibrous/ molecular architectures exhibit various functionalities, ie. superhydrophobicity or superior mechanical strength, etc. and consist of the controllable structures. They can be functioned via micro/nano engineering, to have some particular added functions, ie. emission materials, tissue engineering scaffolds, bio imaging and sensing materials etc. They have therefore found broad applications in photography, cosmetics, food and petroleum industries and not the least in the biomedical sector where there is strong interest in these materials as drug delivery agents.The book covers the most important soft functional materials, including small molecule physical gels, silkworm silk and spider silk fibers and functional fibers, with respect both to the fundamentals and to development and engineering methods. It provides the reader with the necessary knowledge on the chemical and physical formation mechanisms of these materials and demonstrates that one can rationally design and tune the fibrillar networks so that the resulting materials exhibit the desired functionalities.This work is a must-have for all Materials Scientists, Polymer Chemists, Condensed Matter Physicists, and Biotechnologists working in this interdisciplinary field.

Composites and nanocomposites are used in cases where long durability and strength of components are required; i.e., where high stress levels, erosion processes and multiphase environments are present, including the parts under collision and impact, the parts under rotating motion and erosion (like excavation drills in oil and gas wells). The first volume of this book aims to provide a guide for fabrication of new nanocomposites mainly based on carbon nanotubes and graphene. The main topics of this volume are: Application of Nano-powders for Formation of Metal Matrix of Composites, Conjugated Polymer Nanocomposites, Biopolymer Nanocomposites, Dental Nanocomposites, Graphene-based Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Polymer/Filler Composites for Optical Diffuse Reflectors, Synthesis and Applications of LDH-Based Nanocomposites, Rubber-CNT Nanocomposites, Nanocomposite Fibers with Carbon Nanotubes, Fabrications of Graphene Based Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensing of Drug Molecules, Recent Advances in Graphene Metal Oxide Based Nanocomposites.

New materials hold the key to fundamental advances in energy conversion and storage, both of which are vital in order to meet the challenge of global warming and the finite nature of fossil fuels. Nanomaterials in particular offer unique properties or combinations of properties as electrodes and electrolytes in a range of energy devices. Supercapacitors have been widely acknowledged to be promising devices for energy storage. This book describes the latest progress in the discovery and development of nanoelectrolytes and nanoelectrodes for supercapacitor applications.

The book deals with the synthesis and characterization of hydrogels specifically used as drug delivery systems. Each chapter includes the most recent updates about the different starting materials employed and the improvement of their physicochemical and biological properties to synthetize high performing carriers for specific uses.

This book is dedicated to the field of conductive polymers, focusing on electrical interactions with biological systems. It addresses the use of conductive polymers as the conducting interface for electrical communications with the biological system, both in vitro and in vivo. It provides an overview on the chemistry and physics of conductive polymers, their useful characteristics as well as limitations, and technologies that apply conductive polymers for medical purposes. This groundbreaking resource addresses cytotoxicity and tissue compatibility of conductive polymers, the basics on electromagnetic fields, and commonly used experimental methods. Readers will also learn how cells are cultured in vitro with conductive polymers, and how conductive polymers and living tissues interact electrically. Throughout the contents, chapter authors emphasize the importance of conductive polymers in biomedical engineering and their potential applications in medicine.

Over the last decade, an unprecedented expansion in the field of nanomedicine has resulted in the development of new nanomaterials for diagnosis and therapy of various diseases such as cancer. This book covers the design, synthesis and applications of various functionally-hybridized nanomaterials for biomedical applications. It includes strategies for design and synthesis of hybrid nanomaterials, surface engineering of various nanoparticle-based hybrid nanosystems for cancer imaging and therapy, toxicity aspects of nanomaterials and the challenges in translation research of hybrid nanomaterials.

Since the discovery of graphene, it has become one of the most widely and extensively studied materials. This book aims to summarize the progress in synthesis, processing, characterization and applications of a special group of nanocarbon materials derived from graphene or graphene related derivatives by using various strategies in different forms. More specifically, three forms of macrosized materials are presented, i.e., one-dimension or 1D (fibers, wires, yarns, streads, etc.), two-dimension or 2D (films, membranes, papers, sheets, etc.) and three-dimension or 3D (bulk, hydrogels, aerogels, foams, sponges, etc.). Seven chapters are included with the first chapter serving to introduce the concept, definition, and nomenclature of graphene, graphene oxide and their derivatives. The main topics are covered in Chapters 2-7. Although they have coherent connections, each chapter of them is designed such that they can be studied independently. The target readers of this book include undergraduate students, postgraduate students, researchers, designers, engineers, professors, and program/project managers from the fields of materials science and engineering, applied physics, chemical engineering, biomaterials, materials manufacturing and design, institutes, and research founding agencies.

This resource provides a single, concise reference containing terms and expressions used in the study, practice, and application of physical sciences. The reader will be able to identify quickly critical information about professional jargon, important people, and events. The encyclopedia gives self-contained definitions with essentials regarding the meaning of technical terms and their usage, as well as about important people within various fields of physics and engineering, with highlights of technical and practical aspects related to cross-functional integration. It will be indispensable for anyone working on applications in biomedicine, materials science, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, geology, astronomy, and energy. It also includes handy tables and chronological timelines organized by subject area and giving an overview on the historical development of ideas and discovery.

This book presents an experimental and computational account of the applications of biopolymers in the field of medicine. Biopolymers are macromolecules produced by living systems, such as proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. Their advantages over polymers produced using synthetic chemistry include: diversity, abundance, relatively low cost, and sustainability. This book explains techniques for the production of different biodevices, such as scaffolds, hydrogels, functional nanoparticles, microcapsules, and nanocapsules. Furthermore, developments in nanodrug delivery, gene therapy, and tissue engineering are described.

Written in a self-contained manner, this textbook allows both advanced students and practicing applied physicists and engineers to learn the relevant aspects from the bottom up. All logical steps are laid out without omitting steps.
The book covers electrical transport properties in carbon based materials by dealing with statistical mechanics of carbon nanotubes and graphene - presenting many fresh and sometimes provoking views. Both second quantization and superconductivity are covered and discussed thoroughly. An extensive list of references is given in the end of each chapter, while derivations and proofs of specific equations are discussed in the appendix.
The experienced authors have studied the electrical transport in carbon nanotubes and graphene for several years, and have contributed relevantly to the understanding and further development of the field. The content is based on the material taught by one of the authors, Prof Fujita, for courses in quantum theory of solids and quantum statistical mechanics at the University at Buffalo, and some topics have also been taught by Prof. Suzuki in a course on advanced condensed matter physics at the Tokyo University of Science.
For graduate students in physics, chemistry, electrical engineering and material sciences, with a knowledge of dynamics, quantum mechanics, electromagnetism and solid-state physics at the senior undergraduate level. Includes a large numbers of exercise-type problems.

Nanomaterials contain some unique properties due to their nanometric size and surface functionalization. Nanomaterial functionalization also affects their compatibility to biocompatibility and toxicity behaviors. environment and living organism. This makes functionalized nanomaterials a material with huge scope and few challenges. This book provides detailed information about the nanomaterial functionalization and their application. Recent advancements, challenges and opportunities in the preparation and applications of functionalized nanomaterials are also highlighted. This book can serve as a reference book for scientific investigators, doctoral and post-doctoral scholars; undergrad and grad. This book is very useful for multidisciplinary researchers, industry personnel's, journalists, and policy makers. Features: Covers all aspects of Nanomaterial functionalization and its applications Describes and methods of functionalized nanomaterials synthesis for different applications Discusses the challenges, recent findings, and cutting-edge global research trends on functionalization of nanomaterials and its applications It discusses the regulatory frameworks for the safe use of functionalized nanomaterials. It contains contributions from international experts from multiple disciplines.