This book provides an introduction to the emerging field of planning and decision making for aerial robots. An aerial robot is the ultimate form of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, an aircraft endowed with built-in intelligence, requiring no direct human control and able to perform a specific task. It must be able to fly within a partially structured environment, to react and adapt to changing environmental conditions and to accommodate for the uncertainty that exists in the physical world. An aerial robot can be termed as a physical agent that exists and flies in the real 3D world, can sense its environment and act on it to achieve specific goals. So throughout this book, an aerial robot will also be termed as an agent.

Fundamental problems in aerial robotics include the tasks of spatial motion, spatial sensing and spatial reasoning. Reasoning in complex environments represents a difficult problem. The issues specific to spatial reasoning are planning and decision making. Planning deals with the trajectory algorithmic development based on the available information, while decision making determines priorities and evaluates potential environmental uncertainties.

The issues specific to planning and decision making for aerial robots in their environment are examined in this book and categorized as follows: motion planning, deterministic decision making, decision making under uncertainty and finally multi-robot planning. A variety of techniques are presented in this book, and a number of relevant case studies are examined. The topics considered in this book are multidisciplinary in nature and lie at the intersection of Robotics, Control Theory, Operational Research and Artificial Intelligence.

This book provides readers with a basic understanding of the concepts and methodologies of sustainable aviation.The book is divided into three sections : basic principles the airport side, and the aircraft side. In-depth chapters discuss the key elements of sustainable aviation and provide complete coverage of essential topics including airport, energy, and noise management along with novel technologies, standards and a review of the current literature on green airports, sustainable aircraft design, biodiversity management, and alternative fuels. Engineers, researchers and students will find the fundamental approach useful and will benefit from the many engineering examples and solutions provided.

Mobility is a prime need of mankind. It is the basis not only of economical and technical but also of cultural progress. Many questions arise with respect to the development and the problems of mobility in the 21st century. This book presents the results elaborated by a project team consisting of students of the "Bayrische Elite-Akademie." They applied themselves to four main topics: - Bimodal transport system. - Mobility and transport in agglomoration areas. - Analogies of physical and virtual traffic. - How communication technologies influence the future of mobility. The book is of interest to both the industrial and the acadamic community and can also be used by students. It is directed at the group of people interested in future traffic policy in general and in traffic engineering in particular.

This book highlights the latest developments and the author's own research achievements in high speed pneumatic control theory and applied technology. Chiefly focusing on the control system and energy system, it presents the basic theory and pioneering technologies for aerospace and aviation, while also addressing e.g. pneumatic servo control theory, pneumatic nonlinear mechanisms, aerothermodynamics, pneumatic servo mechanisms, and sample applications of high temperature and high speed gas turbine systems in aerospace, aviation, and major equipment.

Manufacturing processes for aircraft components include broad activities consisting of multiple materials processing technologies. This book focuses on presenting manufacturing process technologies exclusively for fabricating major aircraft components. Topics covered in a total of twenty chapters are presented with a balanced perspective on the relevant fundamentals and various examples and case studies. An individual chapter is aimed at discussing the scope and direction of research and development in producing high strength lighter aircraft materials, and cost effective manufacturing processes are also included.

This book provides readers with basic concepts and design theories for space robots and presents essential methodologies for implementing space robot engineering by introducing several concrete projects as illustrative examples. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of professional theories in the field of space robots, and will find an initial introduction to the engineering processes involved in developing space robots. Rapid advances in technologies such as the Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, and Artificial Intelligence have also produced profound changes in space robots. With the continuous expansion of human exploration of the universe, it is imperative for space robots to be capable of sharing knowledge, working collaboratively, and becoming more and more intelligent so as to optimize the utilization of space resources. For on-orbit robots that perform service tasks such as spacecraft assembly and maintenance, as well as exploration robots that carry out research tasks on planetary surfaces, the rational integration into a network system can greatly improve their capabilities in connection with executing outer space tasks, such as information gathering and utilization, independent decision-making and planning, risk avoidance, and reliability, while also significantly reducing resource consumption for the system as a whole.

Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering: Proceedings of the 21st Conference on MMESE is the academic showcase of best research papers selected from more than 500 submissions each year. From this book reader will learn the best research topics and the latest development trend in MMESE design theory and other human-centered system application.MMESE focus mainly on the relationship between Man, Machine and Environment. It studies the optimum combination of man-machine-environment systems. In the system, the Man means the working people as the subject in the workplace (e.g. operator, decision-maker); the Machine means the general name of any object controlled by the Man (including tool, Machinery, Computer, system and technology), the Environment means the specially working conditions under which Man and Machine occupy together(e.g. temperature, noise, vibration, hazardous gases etc.). The three goals of the optimization of the system are safety, efficiency and economy.In 1981 with direct support from one of the greatest modern Chinese scientists, Qian Xuesen, Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering (MMESE), the integrated and advanced science research topic was established in China by Professor Shengzhao Long. In the letter to Shengzhao Long, in October 22nd, 1993, Qian Xuesen wrote: "You have created a very important modern science subject and technology in China!".

Dynamics and Simulation of Flexible Rockets provides a full state, multiaxis treatment of launch vehicle flight mechanics and provides the state equations in a format that can be readily coded into a simulation environment. Various forms of the mass matrix for the vehicle dynamics are presented. The book also discusses important forms of coupling, such as between the nozzle motions and the flexible body. This book is designed to help practicing aerospace engineers create simulations that can accurately verify that a space launch vehicle will successfully perform its mission. Much of the open literature on rocket dynamics is based on analysis techniques developed during the Apollo program of the 1960s. Since that time, large-scale computational analysis techniques and improved methods for generating Finite Element Models (FEMs) have been developed. The art of the problem is to combine the FEM with dynamic models of separate elements such as sloshing fuel and moveable engine nozzles. The pitfalls that may occur when making this marriage are examined in detail.

Advanced Distributed Consensus for Multiagent Systems contributes to the further development of advanced distributed consensus methods for different classes of multiagent methods. The book expands the field of coordinated multiagent dynamic systems, including discussions on swarms, multi-vehicle and swarm robotics. In addition, it addresses advanced distributed methods for the important topic of multiagent systems, with a goal of providing a high-level treatment of consensus to different versions while preserving systematic analysis of the material and providing an accounting to math development in a unified way. This book is suitable for graduate courses in electrical, mechanical and computer science departments. Consensus control in multiagent systems is becoming increasingly popular among researchers due to its applicability in analyzing and designing coordination behaviors among agents in multiagent frameworks. Multiagent systems have been a fascinating subject amongst researchers as their practical applications span multiple fields ranging from robotics, control theory, systems biology, evolutionary biology, power systems, social and political systems to mention a few.

This book highlights new methods and parametric algorithms for the digital coherent processing of signals in airborne radar systems located on air vehicles. Using the autoregressive (AR) model, it delivers more accurate danger assessments for flight in wind shear and atmospheric turbulence, while also suggesting how they could be implemented. Given its scope, the book is intended for technical experts whose work involves the development, production and operation of airborne radio-electronic systems.

Welding and Joining of Aerospace Materials, Second Edition, is an essential reference for engineers and designers in the aerospace, materials, welding and joining industries, as well as companies and other organizations operating in these sectors. This updated edition brings together an international team of experts with updated and new chapters on electron beam welding, friction stir welding, weld-bead cracking, and recent developments in arc welding.

This proceedings provides novel concepts and techniques for air traffic management (ATM) and communications, navigation, and surveillance (CNS) systems. The volume consists of selected papers from the 5th ENRI International Workshop on ATM/CNS (EIWAC2017) held in Tokyo in November 2017, the theme of which was "Drafting Future Skies". Included are key topics to realize safer and more efficient skies in the future, linked to the integrated conference theme consisting of long-term visions based on presentations from various fields. The proceedings is dedicated not only to researchers, academicians, and university students, but also to engineers in the industry, air navigation service providers (ANSPs), and regulators of aviation.

Drones in Smart-Cities: Security and Performance is the first book dedicated to drones in smart cities, helping address the many research challenges in bringing UAVs into practice. The book incorporates insights from the latest research in Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing, 5G, and other communication technologies. It examines the design and implementation of UAV, focusing on data delivery, performability, and security. Intended for researchers, engineers, and practitioners, Drones in Smart-Cities: Security and Performance combines the technical aspects with academic theory to help implement the smart city vision around the globe.

This book provides a general introduction to fluid mechanics in the form of biographies and popular science. Based on the author's extensive teaching experience, it combines natural science and human history, knowledge inheritance and cognition law to replace abstract concepts of fluid mechanics with intuitive and understandable physical concepts. In seven chapters, it describes the development of fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, computational fluid dynamics, experimental fluid dynamics, wind tunnel and water tunnel equipment, the mystery of flight and aerodynamic principles, and leading figures in fluid mechanics in order to spark beginners' interest and allow them to gain a comprehensive understanding of the field's development. It also provides a list of references for further study.

This book presents the latest researches on hypersonic steady glide dynamics and guidance, including the concept of steady glide reentry trajectory and the stability of its regular perturbation solutions, trajectory damping control technique for hypersonic glide reentry, singular perturbation guidance of hypersonic glide reentry, trajectory optimization based on steady glide, linear pseudospectral generalized nominal effort miss distance guidance, analytical entry guidance and trajectory-shaping guidance with final speed and load factor constraints. They can be used to solve many new difficult problems in entry guidance. And many practical engineering cases are provided for the readers for better understanding. Researchers and students in the fields of flight vehicle design or flight dynamics, guidance and control could use the book as valuable reference.

This book aims to develop systematic design methodologies to model-based nonlinear control of aeroengines, focusing on (1) modelling of aeroengine systems-both component-level and identification-based models will be extensively studied and compared; and (2) advanced nonlinear control designs-set-point control, transient control and limit-protection control approaches will all be investigated. The model-based design has been one of the pivotal technologies to advanced control and health management of propulsion systems. It can fulfil advanced designs such as fault-tolerant control, engine modes control and direct thrust control. As a consequence, model-based design has become an important research area in the field of aeroengines due to its theoretical interests and engineering significance. One of the central issues in model-based controls is the tackling of nonlinearities. There are publications concerning with either nonlinear modelling or nonlinear controls; yet, they are scattered throughout the literature. It is time to provide a comprehensive summary of model-based nonlinear controls. Consequently, a series of important results are obtained and a systematic design methodology is developed which provides consistently enhanced performance over a large flight/operational envelope, and it is thus expected to provide useful guidance to practical engineering in aeroengine industry and research.

This book consolidates decades of knowledge on space flight navigation theory, which has thus far been spread across various research articles. By gathering this research into a single text, it will be more accessible to students curious about the study of space flight navigation. Books on optimal control theory and orbital mechanics have not adequately explored the field of space flight navigation theory until this point. The opening chapters introduce essential concepts within optimal control theory, such as the optimization of static systems, special boundary conditions, and dynamic equality constraints. An analytical approach is focused on throughout, as opposed to computational. The result is a book that emphasizes simplicity and practicability, which makes it accessible and engaging. This holds true in later chapters that involve orbital mechanics, two-body maneuvers, bounded inputs, and flight in non-spherical gravity fields. The intended audience is primarily upper-undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers of aerospace, mechanical, and/or electrical engineering. It will be especially valuable to those with interests in spacecraft dynamics and control. Readers should be familiar with basic dynamics and modern control theory. Additionally, a knowledge of linear algebra, variational methods, and ordinary differential equations is recommended.

This book covers the author's research achievements and the latest advances in high-speed pneumatic control theory and applied technologies. It presents the basic theory and highlights pioneering technologies resulting from research and development efforts in aerospace, aviation and other major equipment, including: pneumatic servo control theory, pneumatic nonlinear mechanisms, aerothermodynamics, pneumatic servo mechanisms, and high-speed pneumatic control theory.

This book offers a survey of the state of the art in the field of motion sickness. It begins by describing the historical background and the current definition of motion sickness, then discusses the prevalence among individuals, along with the physiological and psychological concomitants of the disorder. It reviews the incidence of motion sickness in numerous provocative motion environments and discusses various personal factors that appear to influence this aspect. Various characteristics of provocative motion stimuli are also described, together with the results of studies conducted in the laboratory, on motion simulators and at sea. Laboratory tests that could potentially be used to assess an individual's susceptibility to motion sickness and his or her ability to adapt to motion environments are presented in detail, together with the ways in which individuals might be trained to prevent motion sickness or more effectively cope with motion environments. In closing, the book reports on the cognitive-behavioral approach developed by the author (Dobie, 1963) as well as the various desensitization programs employed in military settings, and discusses the relative effectiveness of these methods in comparison to cognitive-behavioral counseling.

This volume contains the proceedings of the CEAS/DragNet European Drag Reduction Conference 2000. The conference addressed the recent advances in all areas of drag reduction research, development, validation and demonstration including laminar flow technology, adaptive wing concepts, turbulent and induced drag reduction, separation control and supersonic flow aspects. This volume is of particular interest to engineers, scientists and students working in the aeronautics industry, research establishments or academia.

Accelerated testing (most types of laboratory testing, proving ground testing, intensive field/flight testing, any experimental research) is increasingly a key component for predicting of product's/process performance. Trends in Development Accelerated Testing for Automotive and Aerospace Engineering provides a completely updated analysis of the current status of accelerated testing, including the basic general directions of testing (methods and equipment) development, how one needs to study real world conditions for their accurate simulation and successful accelerated testing, describes in details the role of accurate simulation in the development of automotive and aerospace engineering, shows that failures are most often found in the interconnections, step-by-step instructions and examples. This is the only book presently available that considers in detail both the positive and negative trends in testing development for prediction quality, reliability, safety, durability, maintainability, supportability, profit, and decreasing life-cycle cost, recalls, complaints and other performance components of the product. The author presents new ideas and offers a unique strategic approach to obtaining solutions which were not possible using earlier. His methodology has been widely implemented, continue to be adopted throughout the world, and leads to advance society through product improvement that can reduce loss of life, injuries, financial losses, and product recalls. It also covers new ideas in development positive and cost- effective trends in testing development, especially accelerated reliability and durability testing (ART/ADT), which includes integration accurate simulation of field/flight influences, safety, human factors, and leads to successful prediction of product performance during pre-design, design, manufacturing, and usage for the product's service life. Engineers, researchers, teachers and postgraduate/advanced students who are involved in automotive and aerospace engineering will find this a useful reference on how to apply the accelerated testing method to solve practical problems in these areas.

This book analyzes the problems to be solved urgently in the development of launch vehicle control system. The techniques of redundant Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) reconfiguration and trajectory replanning are proposed aiming at the inertial device failures and power system failures during flight of launch vehicles, respectively. It introduces the background of redundant IMU reconfiguration and trajectory replanning technologies and models of launch vehicle dynamics and redundant strap-down IMUs. The approaches for redundant strap-down IMU fault detection, reconfiguration and trajectory replanning are proposed, putting forward a prospect for the development of launch vehicle control system. The content of this book is concise and highly pragmatic. It could serve as a reference for engineers and researchers engaged in the analysis, design and verification of launch vehicle control systems and also as a reference for graduate students and senior undergraduates majoring in navigation, guidance and control.

Spacecraft Collision Avoidance Technology presents the theory and practice of space collision avoidance. The title gives models of time and space environment, their impact on high-precision orbit prediction, considers optimal orbit determination methods and models in different warning stages, and establishes basic models for warning and avoidance. Chapters present an outline of spacecraft collision warning strategy, elaborate on the basics of orbital calculation for collision avoidance, consider space object detection technology, detail space environment and object orbit, give a method for spacecraft collision warning orbit calculation, and finally, demonstrate a strategy for spacecraft collision warning and avoidance.

Relying on unmanned autonomous flight control programs, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with radio communication devices have been actively developed around the world. Given their low cost, flexible maneuvering and unmanned operation, UAVs have been widely used in both civilian operations and military missions, including environmental monitoring, emergency communications, express distribution, even military surveillance and attacks, for example. Given that a range of standards and protocols used in terrestrial wireless networks are not applicable to UAV networks, and that some practical constraints such as battery power and no-fly zone hinder the maneuverability capability of a single UAV, we need to explore advanced communication and networking theories and methods for the sake of supporting future ultra-reliable and low-latency applications. Typically, the full potential of UAV network's functionalities can be tapped with the aid of the cooperation of multiple drones relying on their ad hoc networking, in-network communications and coordinated control. Furthermore, some swarm intelligence models and algorithms conceived for dynamic negotiation, path programming, formation flight and task assignment of multiple cooperative drones are also beneficial in terms of extending UAV's functionalities and coverage, as well as of increasing their efficiency. We call the networking and cooperation of multiple drones as the terminology 'flying ad hoc network (FANET)', and there indeed are numerous new challenges to be overcome before the idespread of so-called heterogeneous FANETs. In this book, we examine a range of technical issues in FANETs, from physical-layer channel modeling to MAC-layer resource allocation, while also introducing readers to UAV aided mobile edge computing techniques.

The Principles of Integrated Technology in Avionics Systems describes how integration can improve flight operations, enhance system processing efficiency and equip resource integration. The title provides systematic coverage of avionics system architecture and ground system integration. Looking beyond hardware resource sharing alone, it guides the reader through the benefits and scope of a modern integrated avionics system. Integrated technology enhances the performance of organizations by improving system capacity and boosting efficiency. Avionics systems are the functional center of aircraft systems. System integration technology plays a vital role in the complex world of avionics and an integrated avionics system will fully-address systems, information and processes.