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Books > History > History of specific subjects > General
Originally published in 1995. This study of the integration of East and West German education following the collapse of the German Democratic Republic in 1989 focuses on policy formation and implementation during this period of great social and political turbulence. It is the result of a research project undertaken shortly after the unification. The authors lived in East Germany for a full year, looking carefully at individual schools, vocational training centers, teacher colleges, and universities. The book considers questions of how education policy is successfully formulated, conditions in which that policy is implemented and the consequences of the implemented educational reform. The first chapters present the context and history of German education and the later chapters discuss the unification and the formation of the new school laws and the successes and failures. The authors' research shows that even before the unification East Germans had already opted for a system consistent with West German education law. However, the West Germans disregarded these changes and imposed their own version of reform on East Germany. The German situation at this time is of great interest to all educators, particularly students of educational policy making, as well as researchers in political science, economics, and sociology.
Pasley's work was first written in 1826 as a course of architecture for his students at the Royal Engineer's School in Chatham. The original title of the book, "Outline of a Course of Practical Architecture" is therefore a little misleading to the modern reader as the course was primarily concerned with building construction, concentrating on all aspects of brickwork. Major General Sir C.W. Pasley, K.C.B wanted his students to be in a position to construct, maintain and extend all different types of ordinary brick buildings such as barracks, hospitals and store-houses. But whilst his interest was primarily military structures, the construction techniques were also equally applicable to civil buildings. This book, therefore, provides interesting and useful information on how buildings were being constructed a hundred and fifty years ago, and the type of limes and cements that were used. In addition to the material on mortars and cements, it examines in detail the bonds in brickwork and provides full coverage of different types of arches and how they are formed. It also explains the specific aspects relating to the construction of hollow or double walls; copings; chimneys and chimney breasts; gateways; and, brick ornamentation and so on. "Practical Architecture" will be of interest to architects, surveyors and structural engineers and all those involved in the repair and conservation of brick structures.
"Property Rights: From Magna Carta to the Fourteenth Amendment" breaks new ground in our understanding of the genesis of property rights in the United States. According to the standard interpretation, echoed by as lofty an authority as Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun, the courts did little in the way of protecting property rights in the early years of our nation. Not only does Siegan find this accepted teaching erroneous, but he finds post-Colonial jurisprudence to be firmly rooted in English common law and the writings of its most revered interpreters. Siegan conducts an exhaustive examination of property rights cases decided by state courts between the time of the ratification of the U.S. Constitution in 1788 and the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868. This inventory, which in its sweep captures scores of cases overlooked by previous commentators on the history of property rights, reveals that the protection of these rights is neither a relatively new phenomenon nor a heritage with precarious pedigree. These court cases, as well as early state constitutions, consistently and repeatedly embraced key elements of a property rights jurisprudence, such as protection of the privileges and immunities of citizens, due process of law, equal protection under the law, and prohibitions on the taking of property without just compensation. Case law provides overwhelming evidence that the American legal system, from its inception, has held property rights and their protection in the highest regard. The American Revolution, Siegan reminds us, was fought largely to affirm and protect private property rights-that is, to uphold the "rights of Englishmen"-even if it meant that the colonists would cease being Englishmen. John Locke and other great theoreticians of property rights understood their importance, not only to individuals who happened to possess property, but to the preservation of a free society and to the prosperity of its inhabitants. Siegan's contribution to this venerable tradition lies in his faithful reconstruction of our legal history, which allows us to see just how central property rights have been to the American experiment in liberty-from the very beginning.
"Derek Jeter is undoubtedly the most talked about, argued about,
cheered, booed and ultimately respected baseball player of his
generation. And as public a figure as he has been, he is in many
ways the least known. That changes now as Ian O'Connor, one of the
best sports writers anywhere, goes deep and does what no one has
quite been able to do: Tell us a bit about who Derek Jeter really
is."--Joe Posnanski, author of "The Machine"
The first edition of The English Chamber Organ was published in 1968. This new, revised edition takes into account the considerable research into chamber organs that has taken place over the last thirty years. Much of the book has been completely rewritten and expanded, and it includes a number of organs not detailed in the first edition. As its revised title suggests, this new edition covers foreign-make imports as well as British-made organs that were sent overseas. Part one comprises a series of chapters that cover the history of the chamber organ, its origins and development. Part two provides a general introduction to the construction of organs, while part three gives detailed descriptions of 196 British chamber organs, with information on their location, specifications, design, and suggestions for further reading. As a domestic instrument the chamber organ was often perceived to be as much a piece of furniture as an item of musical equipment. The Chamber Organ in Britain offers an assessment of the organ as both a musical instrument and as a decorative icon.
A comprehensive and up to date study of the history of education in Afghanistan since 1901, this book demonstrates how modern education emerged and charts its fluctuating process of development, regression and destruction. Combining historical and contemporary analysis of key international and national, political, and historical issues from the late nineteenth century to the present day, Education in Afghanistan examines; religion, modernism, tribal and ethnic conflict, language discrimination, foreign invasions, war, and international assistance through the lens of education. An in-depth understanding of these elements will provide alternative approaches to addressing the on-going conflict in Afghanistan, which has a direct effect on the overall educational development and policy-making decisions in the country. Offering a new perspective to the conflict in Afghanistan by addressing its impact on education, this book will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers interested in the formation of education policy, social and political reform in the Middle East, and Islamic Studies.
FDR's presidency remains one of the most significant in our nation's history. Although lacking a grand scheme or single plan, Roosevelt's New Deal changed the federal government's role to a degree unmatched in American history. This anthology examines the reactions to these sweeping changes of particular groups within Congress and beyond, and also considers facets of the New Deal era from a contemporary perspective. In addition the book provides an appendix of congressional "mavericks, " and a substantial glossary of the many individuals mentioned in the text.
These original essays describe the internal life of terrorist organizations in fascinating detail. They show how no description of terrorist behaviour is adequate without a grasp of the deep tensions that often characterize such groups, and an appreciation of how firmly implanted in our culture terrorist traditions have become, since the middle of the nineteenth century.
At the end of the 20th century, human rights have frequently been qualified as the common heritage or the common language or humanity. They do not belong to the domestic jurisdiction of states and are internationally protected, creating a body of universal standards and values at the service of human dignity, equality and non-discrimination, and human freedoms.
An investigation of the food and dietary practices of the Japanese. Dividing the history of Japanese dietary life into six periods, it traces its development from the paleolithic and neolithic eras before rice was cultivated in Japan to the period between the sixth and fifteenth centuries, when a stable indigenous cuisine began to evolve.
This thorough and compelling book offers a long-run perspective on the European economy from 1500 to the present day, and compares Europe's position of world dominance in the nineteenth century with its vacillating fortunes in the twentieth century. Europe is set specifically within an international context to illustrate how it influenced the rest of the world and how in turn the latter helped to shape the pattern of European development. The authors explain why Europe overtook the formerly advanced Eastern civilizations and how this resulted in the growing inequality among the nations of the world which is such a marked feature in the present day. They then trace the development of the European economy within the context of the international economy and analyse the reasons for its rise to world dominance in the nineteenth century and then its collapse and revival in the twentieth century. Europe in the International Economy 1500 to 2000 will be of interest to students and scholars of economic history and international economics.
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