Approved Document D of the Building Regulations is concerned with the requirements with respect to toxic substances. This document is the 2013 edition, based on the original 1992 edition and incorporating amendments made in 2002, 2010 and 2013. Changes made by the 2013 Amendments * The changes, which apply only to England, were to guidance on materials and workmanship. * There were no changes to Part D of Schedule 1 to the Building Regulations 2010. Contracts and Management Publications Update Service: To ensure that you have the most up-to-date Approved Document or Amendment to an Approved Document to hand, you can now join our CAMPUS service. RIBA Bookshops will automatically send you copies of new releases as and when they are published. Visit our CAMPUS page for further details.

1 Zusammenfassung.- Konzept der Studie.- Moeglichkeiten und Grenzen der Kombination beider Ansatze.- Ergebnisse.- Sachbilanz Top-down-Ansatz (Momentaufnahme 1991).- Sachbilanz Bottom-up-Ansatz (Bestandsmodell).- Gegenuberstellung der Ergebnisse.- Eingebrachte Problemstoffe.- Trendfortschreibung.- Leitbilder fur den Baubereich.- 2 Methodischer Ansatz.- 2.1 Bottom-up-Ansatz: Das Modell des Gebaudebestands.- 2.1.1 Stoffflussrelevante Beschreibung des Bestandes in Nutzungs-und Altersklassen.- 2.1.2 Aufbau des Dynamischen Gebaudebestandsmodells.- 2.1.3 Zustand des Bestands - Alterung von Gebauden.- 2.2 Top-down-Ansatz.- 2.2.1 Berechnung kumulierter Groessen im Top-down-Ansatz.- 2.2.2 Vor-und Nachteile des Top-down-Ansatzes.- 2.2.3 Erganzende Erlauterungen zur Vorgehensweise und Datenbasis beim Top-down-Ansatz.- 2.3 Methodik und Datenbasis fur die Bestimmung der eingebrachten Problemstoffe.- 2.3.1 Vorgehensweise.- 2.3.2 Datenquellen und Datenqualitat.- 2.4 Systemgrenzen.- 2.5 Gegenuberstellung des Top-down und Bottom-up-Ansatzes.- 2.6 Sachbilanz.- 2.7 Szenario.- 3 Ergebnisse der Sachbilanz.- 3.1 Bottom-up-Ansatz.- 3.1.1 Stofflager.- 3.1.2 Stoffstroeme.- 3.1.3 Flachen.- 3.1.4 Energie.- 3.1.5 Emissionen und Umweltindikatoren.- 3.1.6 Kosten.- 3.2 Stoffstroeme, Energiestroeme, Luftschadstoffemissionen und Kosten - Top-down-Ansatz.- 3.2.1 Methodik.- 3.2.2 Erstellung der Sachbilanzen.- 3.2.3 Bestimmung jahrlich anfallender Mengen an Abfallen aus den Bereichen "Bauen und Wohnen" fur verschiedene Jahre, Angaben uber weiterverwertete und weiterverwendete Anteile.- 3.2.4 Die Kosten im Sektor "Bauen und Wohnen" im Spiegel der Statistik.- 3.2.5 Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse.- 3.3 Eingebrachte Problemstoffe.- 3.3.1 Aufgabenstellung.- 3.3.2 Allgemeiner Untersuchungsgang.- 3.3.3 Vorgehensweise und Begrenzungen.- 3.3.4 Stofflisten und Problemstofffrachten.- 3.3.5 Ausgewahlte Stoffe.- 3.3.6 Ausgewahlte Tatigkeitsbereiche und zugeordnete Problemstoffe.- 3.3.7 Problemstoffe im Bauschutt.- 3.3.8 Zusammenfassung und Kommentar.- 3.4 Bilanzierung und Diskussion der Ergebnisse der Bottom-up und Top-down-Ansatze.- 3.4.1 Stoffstroeme.- 3.4.2 Energie und Umweltbelastungen.- 3.5 Vergleich mit anderen Studien.- 3.5.1 Stoffstroeme.- 3.5.2 Kosten.- 3.6 Internationaler Vergleich.- 3.7 Landschafts-und Bodenverbrauch.- 3.7.1 Flacheninanspruchnahme durch Wohnungsbauflachen.- 3.7.2 Katasterdaten.- 3.7.3 Baufertigstellungen und Baugenehmigungen.- 3.7.4 Stadtebauliche Strukturtypen und ihr Flachenbedarf.- 4 Szenario.- 4.1 Modellannahmen.- 4.2 Diskussion der Ergebnisse.- 4.3 Kommentar zum Szenario.- 5 Strategische UEberlegungen zur Bestandsbewirtschaftung.- 6 Forschungsbedarf.- 6.1 Methodische Probleme.- 6.2 Untersuchungsbereich.- 6.3 Regionale Erfassung.- 6.4 Gebaudebestand.- 6.4.1 Beschreibung der Gebaude.- 6.4.2 Abriss, Entsorgung, Recycling.- 6.5 Externe Kosten.- 6.6 Bautatigkeit und Baukosten.- 6.7 OEkobilanzen von Baustoffen.- 6.8 Problemstoffe.- 6.9 Datenlage.- 7 Ziele, Massnahmen und Instrumente fur eine nachhaltige Entwicklung im Sektor "Bauen und Wohnen".- 7.1 Nachhaltigkeit im Bereich Bauen und Wohnen - Ziele und gegenwartige Entwicklungstrends.- 7.2 Handlungsfelder fur eine nachhaltige Politik im Sektor "Bauen und Wohnen".- 7.3 Perspektiven zur Fortschreibung des Bestands.- Anhang A: GISBAU-Inhaltsstoffe.- Anhang B: BUWAL-Zusatzstoffe.- Anhang C: Problemstoffe im Bauschutt.

An accessible look at the many regional styles of architecture in Spain, from Roman times to the present. Covering all regions of Spain, from Bilbao's Guggenheim Museum to Granada's Islamic palace of La Alhambra, and all periods of Spanish architecture, from the Roman aqueduct at Segovia to the modernistic German Pavilion in Barcelona, this volume examines 68 of Spain's most important architectural landmarks. Writing in a clear and engaging style, Lapunzina describes the features, functions, and historical importance of each structure. Besides identifying location, style, architects, and periods of initial construction and major renovation, the cross-referenced and illustrated entries also highlight architectural and historical terms explained in the glossary, and the book concludes with a useful listing of further readings. The volume also offers lists of entries by location and architectural time period, as well as a general bibliography, a subject index, and a detailed introductory overview of Spanish architecture. Part of the Reference Guides to National Architecture series, this book looks at Spanish architecture from all regions, and all periods of history.

The papers in this volume deal with the design of many types of buildings in Islamic countries and the influence that these structural forms have had in non-Islamic countries. Coverage will also include construction materials.There is much to learn from past experiences to arrive at solutions that are environmentally sound and sustainable in the long term. As conventional energy resources become scarce, the Islamic design heritage can offer invaluable lessons on how to deal with difficult and extreme environments in an efficient manner. Traditional architecture and urban environment in most Islamic countries is now being eroded by overemphasis on global type of architecture and city planning. Consequently, many regions are losing their identity. The papers review these developments in the light of what the classical Islamic urban designs and architectures have to offer modern society.The papers in this book cover such topics as: Architectural conservation; Architectural heritage; Architecture in Malaysia and Indonesia; Climate adaptability; Conservation and restoration; Historical aspects; Houses and gardens; Islamic art and globalisation; Mosques and minarets; Ottoman Istanbul; Schools; The African Coast; The Islamic urban environment; The Mediterranean region; The use of light; Vernacular architecture; Wood and wooden roofs. The contents will be of interest to all researchers, practitioners and government employees actively involved with Islamic Heritage Architecture.

After World War II, France embarked on a project of modernization, which included the development of the modern mass home. At Home in Postwar France examines key groups of actors - state officials, architects, sociologists and tastemakers - arguing that modernizers looked to the home as a site for social engineering and nation-building; designers and advocates of the modern home contributed to the democratization of French society; and the French home of the Trente Glorieuses, as it was built and inhabited, was a hybrid product of architects', planners', and residents' understandings of modernity. This volume identifies the "right to comfort" as an invention of the postwar period and suggests that the modern mass home played a vital role in shaping new expectations for well-being and happiness.

This book considers two key educational tools for future generations of professionals with a space architecture background in the 21st century: (1) introducing the discipline of space architecture into the space system engineering curricula; and (2) developing space architecture as a distinct, complete training curriculum. Professionals educated this way will help shift focus from solely engineering-driven transportation systems and "sortie" missions towards permanent off-world human presence. The architectural training teaches young professionals to operate at all scales from the "overall picture" down to the smallest details, to provide directive intention-not just analysis-to design opportunities, to address the relationship between human behavior and the built environment, and to interact with many diverse fields and disciplines throughout the project lifecycle. This book will benefit individuals and organizations responsible for planning transportation and habitat systems in space, while also providing detailed information on work and design processes for architects and engineers.