|
|
Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Life sciences: general issues > Genetics (non-medical)
This fully updated second edition explores protocols that address
the most challenging aspects of experimental work in ancient DNA,
such as preparing ancient samples for DNA extraction, the DNA
extraction itself, and transforming extracted ancient DNA molecules
for sequencing library preparation. The volume also examines the
analysis of high-throughput sequencing data recovered from ancient
specimens, which, because of the degraded nature of ancient DNA and
common co-extraction of contaminant DNA, has challenges that are
unique compared to data recovered from modern specimens.Written in
the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format,
chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of
the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily
reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and
avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Ancient
DNA: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to serve both
experts and beginners by presenting protocols in a manner that
makes them easily accessible for everyday use in the lab.
Bioremediation refers to the clean-up of pollution in soil,
groundwater, surface water, and air using typically microbiological
processes. It uses naturally occurring bacteria and fungi or plants
to degrade, transform or detoxify hazardous substances to human
health or the environment. For bioremediation to be effective,
microorganisms must enzymatically attack the pollutants and convert
them to harmless products. As bioremediation can be effective only
where environmental conditions permit microbial growth and action,
its application often involves the management of ecological factors
to allow microbial growth and degradation to continue at a faster
rate. Like other technologies, bioremediation has its limitations.
Some contaminants, such as chlorinated organic or high aromatic
hydrocarbons, are resistant to microbial attack. They are degraded
either gradually or not at all, hence, it is not easy to envisage
the rates of clean-up for bioremediation implementation.
Bioremediation represents a field of great expansion due to the
important development of new technologies. Among them, several
decades on metagenomics expansion has led to the detection of
autochthonous microbiota that plays a key role during
transformation. Transcriptomic guides us to know the expression of
key genes and proteomics allow the characterization of proteins
that conduct specific reactions. In this book we show specific
technologies applied in bioremediation of main interest for
research in the field, with special attention on fungi, which have
been poorly studied microorganisms. Finally, new approaches in the
field, such as CRISPR-CAS9, are also discussed. Lastly, it
introduces management strategies, such as bioremediation
application for managing affected environment and bioremediation
approaches. Examples of successful bioremediation applications are
illustrated in radionuclide entrapment and retardation, soil
stabilization and remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
phenols, plastics or fluorinated compounds. Other emerging
bioremediation methods include electro bioremediation,
microbe-availed phytoremediation, genetic recombinant technologies
in enhancing plants in accumulation of inorganic metals, and
metalloids as well as degradation of organic pollutants,
protein-metabolic engineering to increase bioremediation
efficiency, including nanotechnology applications are also
discussed.
This invaluable resource discusses clinical applications with
effects and side-effects of applications of stem cells in diabetes,
kidney and wound treatment. All chapters are contributed by
pre-eminent scientists in the field and covers such topics as stem
cells and cell therapy in the treatment of diabetes mellitus,
kidney failure, wound and other skin aging diseases,
characteristics of some kinds of stem/progenitor cells for therapy,
future directions of the discussed therapies and much more.
Pancreas, Kidney and Skin Regeneration and the other books in the
Stem Cells in Clinical Applications series will be invaluable to
scientists, researchers, advanced students and clinicians working
in stem cells, regenerative medicine or tissue engineering.
DNA Repair Enzymes, Part A, Volume 591 is the latest volume in the
Methods in Enzymology series and the first part of a thematic that
focuses on DNA repair enzymes. Topics in this new release include
chapters on the Optimization of Native and Formaldehyde iPOND
Techniques for Use in Suspension Cells, the Proteomic Analyses of
the Eukaryotic Replication Machinery, DNA Fiber Analysis: Mind the
Gap!, Comet-FISH for Ultrasensitive Strand-Specific Detection of
DNA Damage in Single Cells, Examining DNA Double-Strand Break
Repair in a Cell Cycle-Dependent Manner, Base Excision Repair
Variants in Cancer, and Fluorescence-Based Reporters for Detection
of Mutagenesis in E. coli.
What will our lives be like fifty years from now? What will we know
about ourselves as humans, and how will that affect our lives? It's
impossible to know the future for certain, but one thing we do
know--perhaps nothing will alter our future more than the Genetics
Revolution of the past thirty-five years. This book clarifies the
history and examines the possible impact of five major areas of
genetic research:
- The Human Genome Project and genetic engineering
- In vitro fertilization (IVF) and the technology of
reproduction
- The Human Genome Diversity Project, which is studying the
variation of the human genome
- Embryonic stem-cell research
- Cloning
All of these areas of research produce two reactions among the
general public--hope for the improvement of people's lives, and
fear of science out of control. The Genetics Revolution examines
the scientific, social, and political impacts of the genetics on
everyday life--in the past, in the present, and in the future. Each
specific topic is contained within its own chapter for ease in
accessing specific information. This is an ideal resource for
students, teachers, and others preparing research papers. In
addition, it integrates science and social science topics in a way
that supports topics in the school curricula. The book contains
documented, current information that both supports and challenges
current thinking about genetics.
Advances in Agronomy, Volume 144, the newest release in a serial
that continues to be recognized as a leading reference and
first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy presents new
information on the following topics: An Important Tool with No
Instruction Manual: A Review of Gypsum Use in Agriculture,
Preventive Weed Management in Direct-Seeded Rice: Targeting the
Weed Seedbank, Current Approaches and Future Trends in Compost
Quality Criteria for Agronomic, Environmental and Human Health
Benefits, and Grain Legume Production and Use in European
Agricultural Systems. This highly regarded series contains an
eclectic group of reviews by leading scientists throughout the
world. As always, the subjects covered are rich, varied and
comprehensively covered.
The study of the molecular events leading to cellular
transformation and cancer has progressed significantly in the last
decade, and it has become apparent that many genes subject to
modification in cancer are, in fact, transcription factors that
govern the execution of the genetic programme of the cell.
Transcription factors can behave either as oncogenes or as tumour
suppressor genes. To date only a limited number of transcription
factors have been associated with cancer. This volume deals with
several transcription factor families that were first identified in
oncogenic retroviruses. Each chapter contains a description of the
structure of the transcription factors, the nature of target genes,
the regulation of their activities, and an explaination of how they
can deregulate cell growth and differentiation. This text should be
suitable for the specialist scientist and the advanced student
This book discusses the latest developments in plant-mediated
fabrication of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, and their
characterization by using a variety of modern techniques. It
explores in detail the application of nanoparticles in drug
delivery, cancer treatment, catalysis, and as antimicrobial agent,
antioxidant and the promoter of plant production and protection.
Application of these nanoparticles in plant systems has started
only recently and information is still scanty about their possible
effects on plant growth and development. Accumulation and
translocation of nanoparticles in plants, and the consequent growth
response and stress modulation are not well understood. Plants
exposed to these particles exhibit both positive and negative
effects, depending on the concentration, size, and shape of the
nanoparticles. The impact on plant growth and yield is often
positive at lower concentrations and negative at higher ones.
Exposure to some nanoparticles may improve the free-radical
scavenging potential and antioxidant enzymatic activities in plants
and alter the micro-RNAs expression that regulate the different
morphological, physiological and metabolic processes in plant
system, leading to improved plant growth and yields. The
nanoparticles also carry out genetic reforms by efficient transfer
of DNA or complete plastid genome into the respective plant genome
due to their miniscule size and improved site-specific penetration.
Moreover, controlled application of nanomaterials in the form of
nanofertilizer offers a more synchronized nutrient fluidity with
the uptake by the plant exposed, ensuring an increased nutrient
availability. This book addresses these issues and many more. It
covers fabrication of different/specific nanomaterials and their
wide-range application in agriculture sector, encompassing the
controlled release of nutrients, nutrient-use efficiency, genetic
exchange, production of secondary metabolites, defense mechanisms,
and the growth and productivity of plants exposed to different
manufactured nanomaterials. The role of nanofertilizers and
nano-biosensors for improving plant production and protection and
the possible toxicities caused by certain nanomaterials, the
aspects that are little explored by now, have also been generously
elucidated.
This indispensable volume highlights recent studies identifying
epigenetic mechanisms as essential regulators of skin development,
stem cell activity and regeneration. Chapters are contributed by
leading experts and promote the skin as an accessible model system
for studying mechanisms that control organ development and
regeneration. The timely discussions contained throughout are of
broad relevance to other areas of biology and medicine and can help
inform the development of novel therapeutics for skin disorders as
well as new approaches to skin regeneration that target the
epigenome. Part of the highly successful Stem Cells and
Regenerative Medicine series, Epigenetic Regulation of Skin
Development and Regeneration uncovers the fundamental significance
of epigenetic mechanisms in skin development and regeneration, and
emphasizes the development of new therapies for a number of skin
disorders, such as pathological conditions of epidermal
differentiation, pigmentation and carcinogenesis. At least six
categories of researchers will find this book essential, including
stem cell, developmental, hair follicle or molecular biologists,
and gerontologists or clinical dermatologists.
This book presents a comprehensive discussion on the heterogeneity
existing between different types of stem cells within the same
tissue, for several types of cancers, e.g. glioblastoma stem cells.
Recent developments have revealed completely different roles of
distinct stem cells within the same organ. Thus, Stem Cells
Heterogeneity in Cancer provides a timely update us on the current
information on stem cells heterogeneity in various tissues. It also
provides a solid foundation of the history of stem cells from
specific tissues and the current applications of this knowledge in
regenerative medicine. When taken as a whole, alongside its
companion volumes Stem Cells Heterogeneity - Novel Concepts, and
Stem Cells Heterogeneity in Different Organs, these three books
present a comprehensive reference on stem cell heterogeneity in
various tissues and current and future applications for
regenerative medicine. It is essential reading for advanced cell
biology students as well as researchers in stem cells and
clinicians.
A TIMES ENVIRONMENT AND SCIENCE BOOK OF THE YEAR 2022 'The ideal
guide to what is not just a fiendishly complex area of science but
also an ethical minefield' Mail on Sunday A new gene editing
technology, invented just seven years ago, has turned humanity into
gods. Enabling us to manipulate the genes in virtually any organism
with exquisite precision, CRISPR has given scientists a degree of
control that was undreamt of even in science fiction. But CRISPR is
just the latest, giant leap in a long journey to master genetics.
The Genetic Age shows the astonishing, world-changing potential of
the new genetics and the possible threats it poses, sifting between
fantasy and the reality when it comes to both benefits and dangers.
By placing each phase of discovery, anticipation and fear in the
context of over fifty years of attempts to master the natural
world, Matthew Cobb, the Baillie-Gifford-shortlisted author of The
Idea of the Brain, weaves the stories of science, history and
culture to shed new light on our future. With the powers now at our
disposal, it is a future that is almost impossible to imagine - but
it is one we will create ourselves.
This book provides insights into the current state of sorghum
genomics. It particularly focuses on the tools and strategies
employed in genome sequencing and analysis, public and private
genomic resources and how all this information is leading to direct
outcomes for plant breeders. The advent of affordable whole genome
sequencing in combination with existing cereal functional genomics
data has enabled the leveraging of the significant novel diversity
available in sorghum, the genome of which was fully sequenced in
2009, providing an unmatched resource for the genetic improvement
of sorghum and other grass species. Cultivated grain sorghum is a
food and feed cereal crop adapted to hot and dry climates, and is a
staple for 500 million of the world's poorest people. Globally,
sorghum is also an important source of animal feed and forage, an
emerging biofuel crop and model for C4 grasses, particularly
genetically complex sugarcane.
The Wonder of Life takes you from Earth's beginning and describes
the events that preceded man and carries you along the path of
man's education. This came through wars, then religion, and always
through the silent killers of man as disease became one of the
major carriers of education as well as death. You will journey
through the battles with the silent killers and understand how man
went from a defensive mode to one of the aggressor with the
invention of the microscope. Follow the progress of the wins over
the Staff infections, to the use of penicillin during the war and
then the defeat of Polio; always in the search of what made man
tick. This carries him through the discovery of DNA, the genetic
code, AIDS, the human genome and to today's great hope of the use
of stem cells to correct for the body's malfunction of its organs.
It's an exciting story told in a novel manner for the layman to
understand.
In this entertaining account of the origins of modern molecular
biology, the lives of pioneering scientists in the field of nucleic
acid research, and the discovery of DNA, Ulf Lagerkvist speaks not
only to scientists but to all students and general readers with an
interest in science. The author, whose career in the nucleic acid
field began in the late 1940s, recreates historical episodes from
the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and introduces for a
modern audience the scientists whose discoveries revolutionized the
field of biology. Knowledge of these pioneers as professionals and
as human beings, Lagerkvist believes, may help us see modern
problems in a new light and appreciate the greatness of the
researchers who contributed to the foundations of molecular biology
and biochemistry. Among these scientific pioneers was
nineteenth-century biochemist Friedrich Miescher, discoverer of
nuclein, the material now known as DNA. The book also explores
early research into general problems of the chemistry of biological
materials. Lagerkvist vividly describes the research of such
influential scientists as Albrecht Kossel, another early leading
figure; Emil Fischer, who received the Nobel Prize in 1902 for his
work on carbohydrates and purines and was regarded as the foremost
chemist of his time; P. A. Levene, known for his discoveries
concerning the structure of nucleotides and the way these nucleic
acid building blocks are linked to one another; and Oswald T.
Avery, often considered the grandfather of molecular genetics.
This book is a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of
pre-malignant disease, emphasizing common themes in the field,
including stem cell biology and histologic modes of cancer
progression between the distal esophagus and stomach. Its sixteen
chapters discuss metaplastic tissue change in the upper GI,
clonalexpansion of early neoplasia, stem cell dynamics in
experimental models, pathology of early esophageal squamous cell
carcinoma, therapeutic modalities for esophageal squamous cell
carcinoma, pathology of Barrett's esophagus, screening, early
detection and novel diagnostic tools for Barrett's esophagus,
clonal evolution of Barrett's esophagus, endoscopic therapeutic
modalities of early esophageal cancer, pathology of early gastric
cancer, and experimental models for gastric cancer. Stem Cells,
Pre-neoplasia and Early Cancer of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
is an integrative text on both the current state of translational
research on every cancer development of the upper gastrointestinal
tract as well as on novel clinical diagnostic and therapeutic
modalities. It highlights a rapidly growing field within cancer
research and is essential reading for oncologists, biochemists and
advanced graduate students alike. Springer's Advances in
Experimental Medicine and Biology series presents multidisciplinary
and dynamic findings in the broad fields of experimental medicine
and biology. The wide variety in topics it presents offers readers
multiple perspectives on a variety of disciplines including
neuroscience, microbiology, immunology, biochemistry, biomedical
engineering and cancer research.
The Glencoe Biology Student Edition is print book. It is written in
a student friendly narrative that will equip students to * Meet
science standards Performance Expectations (PE's).* Integrate
Science and Engineering Practices into your science classroom*
Supply the Disciplinary Core Ideas (DCI's)* Correlate your lessons
to NGSS* Encounter STEM projects
Every time a cell divides, a copy of its genomic DNA has to be
faithfully copied to generate new genomic DNA for the daughter
cells. The process of DNA replication needs to be precisely
regulated to ensure that replication of the genome is complete and
accurate, but that re-replication does not occur. Errors in DNA
replication can lead to genome instability and cancer. The process
of replication initiation is of paramount importance, because once
the cell is committed to replicate DNA, it must finish this
process. A great deal of progress has been made in understanding
how DNA replication is initiated in eukaryotic cells in the past
ten years, but this is the first one-source book on these findings.
The Initiation of DNA Replication in Eukaryotes will focus on how
DNA replication is initiated in eukaryotic cells. While the concept
of replication initiation is simple, its elaborate regulation and
integration with other cell processes results in a high level of
complexity. This book will cover how the position of replication
initiation is chosen, how replication initiation is integrated with
the phases of the cell cycle, and how it is regulated in the case
of damage to DNA. It is the cellular protein machinery that enables
replication initiation to be activated and regulated. We now have
an in-depth understanding of how cellular proteins work together to
start DNA replication, and this new resource will reveal a
mechanistic description of DNA replication initiation as well.
 |
DeeNA
(Hardcover)
A. R. Sutton
|
R863
Discovery Miles 8 630
|
Ships in 10 - 15 working days
|
|
|
Recent advances in protein structural biology, coupled with new
developments in human genetics, have opened the door to
understanding the molecular basis of many metabolic, physiological,
and developmental processes in human biology. Medical pathologies,
and their chemical therapies, are increasingly being described at
the molecular level. For single-gene diseases, and some multi-gene
conditions, identification of highly correlated genes immediately
leads to identification of covalent structures of the actual
chemical agents of the disease, namely the protein gene products.
Once the primary sequence of a protein is ascertained, structural
biologists work to determine its three-dimensional, biologically
active structure, or to predict its probable fold and/or function
by comparison to the data base of known protein structures.
Similarly, three-dimensional structures of proteins produced by
microbiological pathogens are the subject of intense study, for
example, the proteins necessary for maturation of the human HIV
virus. Once the three-dimensional structure of a protein is known
or predicted, its function, as well as potential binding sites for
drugs that inhibit its function, become tractable questions. The
medical ramifications of the burgeoning results of protein
structural biology, from gene replacement therapy to "rational"
drug design, are well recognized by researchers in biomedical
areas, and by a significant proportion of the general population.
The purpose of this book is to introduce biomedical scientists to
important areas of protein structural biology, and to provide an
insightful orientation to the primary literature that shapes the
field in each subject.
The chapters in this volume cover aspects of protein structural
biology which have led to the recognition of fundamental
relationships between protein structure and function.
|
|