The subject of multivariable analysis is of interest to pure and applied mathematicians, physicists, electrical, mechanical and systems engineers, mathematical economists, biologists, and statisticians. This introductory text provides students and researchers in the above fields with various ways of handling some of the useful but difficult concepts encountered in dealing with the machinery of multivariable analysis and differential forms on manifolds. The approach here is to make such concepts as concrete as possible.

Highlights and key features:

* systematic exposition, supported by numerous examples and exercises from the computational to the theoretical

* brief development of linear algebra in Rn

* review of the elements of metric space theory

* treatment of standard multivariable material: differentials as linear transformations, the inverse and implicit function theorems, Taylor's theorem, the change of variables for multiple integrals (the most complex proof in the book)

* Lebesgue integration introduced in concrete way rather than via measure theory

* latar chapters move beyond Rn to manifolds and analysis on manifolds, covering the wedge product, differential forms, and the generalized Stokes' theorem

* bibliography and comprehensive index

Core topics in multivariable analysis that are basic for senior undergraduates and graduate studies in differential geometry and for analysis in N dimensions and on manifolds are covered. Aside from mathematical maturity, prerequisites are a one-semester undergraduate course in advanced calculus or analysis, and linear algebra. Additionally, researchers working in the areas of dynamical systems, control theory and optimization, general relativity and electromagnetic phenomena may use the book as a self-study resource.

In this broad introduction to topology, the author searches for topological invariants of spaces, together with techniques for calculating them. Students with knowledge of real analysis, elementary group theory, and linear algebra will quickly become familiar with a wide variety of techniques and applications involving point-set, geometric, and algebraic topology. Over 139 illustrations and more than 350 problems of various difficulties will help students gain a rounded understanding of the subject.

This book offers an up-to-date, comprehensive account of determinantal rings and varieties, presenting a multitude of methods used in their study, with tools from combinatorics, algebra, representation theory and geometry. After a concise introduction to Groebner and Sagbi bases, determinantal ideals are studied via the standard monomial theory and the straightening law. This opens the door for representation theoretic methods, such as the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence, which provide a description of the Groebner bases of determinantal ideals, yielding homological and enumerative theorems on determinantal rings. Sagbi bases then lead to the introduction of toric methods. In positive characteristic, the Frobenius functor is used to study properties of singularities, such as F-regularity and F-rationality. Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, an important complexity measure in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, is introduced in the general setting of a Noetherian base ring and then applied to powers and products of ideals. The remainder of the book focuses on algebraic geometry, where general vanishing results for the cohomology of line bundles on flag varieties are presented and used to obtain asymptotic values of the regularity of symbolic powers of determinantal ideals. In characteristic zero, the Borel-Weil-Bott theorem provides sharper results for GL-invariant ideals. The book concludes with a computation of cohomology with support in determinantal ideals and a survey of their free resolutions. Determinants, Groebner Bases and Cohomology provides a unique reference for the theory of determinantal ideals and varieties, as well as an introduction to the beautiful mathematics developed in their study. Accessible to graduate students with basic grounding in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, it can be used alongside general texts to illustrate the theory with a particularly interesting and important class of varieties.

Since the appearance of Kobayashi's book, there have been several re sults at the basic level of hyperbolic spaces, for instance Brody's theorem, and results of Green, Kiernan, Kobayashi, Noguchi, etc. which make it worthwhile to have a systematic exposition. Although of necessity I re produce some theorems from Kobayashi, I take a different direction, with different applications in mind, so the present book does not super sede Kobayashi's. My interest in these matters stems from their relations with diophan tine geometry. Indeed, if X is a projective variety over the complex numbers, then I conjecture that X is hyperbolic if and only if X has only a finite number of rational points in every finitely generated field over the rational numbers. There are also a number of subsidiary conjectures related to this one. These conjectures are qualitative. Vojta has made quantitative conjectures by relating the Second Main Theorem of Nevan linna theory to the theory of heights, and he has conjectured bounds on heights stemming from inequalities having to do with diophantine approximations and implying both classical and modern conjectures. Noguchi has looked at the function field case and made substantial progress, after the line started by Grauert and Grauert-Reckziegel and continued by a recent paper of Riebesehl. The book is divided into three main parts: the basic complex analytic theory, differential geometric aspects, and Nevanlinna theory. Several chapters of this book are logically independent of each other."

The focus of this book and its geometric notions is on real vector spaces X that are finite or infinite inner product spaces of arbitrary dimension greater than or equal to 2. It characterizes both euclidean and hyperbolic geometry with respect to natural properties of (general) translations and general distances of X. Also for these spaces X, it studies the sphere geometries of Moebius and Lie as well as geometries where Lorentz transformations play the key role. Proofs of newer theorems characterizing isometries and Lorentz transformations under mild hypotheses are included, such as for instance infinite dimensional versions of famous theorems of A.D. Alexandrov on Lorentz transformations. A real benefit is the dimension-free approach to important geometrical theories. New to this third edition is a chapter dealing with a simple and great idea of Leibniz that allows us to characterize, for these same spaces X, hyperplanes of euclidean, hyperbolic geometry, or spherical geometry, the geometries of Lorentz-Minkowski and de Sitter, and this through finite or infinite dimensions greater than 1. Another new and fundamental result in this edition concerns the representation of hyperbolic motions, their form and their transformations. Further we show that the geometry (P,G) of segments based on X is isomorphic to the hyperbolic geometry over X. Here P collects all x in X of norm less than one, G is defined to be the group of bijections of P transforming segments of P onto segments. The only prerequisites for reading this book are basic linear algebra and basic 2- and 3-dimensional real geometry. This implies that mathematicians who have not so far been especially interested in geometry could study and understand some of the great ideas of classical geometries in modern and general contexts.

The pioneering work of French mathematician Pierre de Fermat has attracted the attention of mathematicians for over 350 years. This book was written in honor of the 400th anniversary of his birth, providing readers with an overview of the many properties of Fermat numbers and demonstrating their applications in areas such as number theory, probability theory, geometry, and signal processing. This book introduces a general mathematical audience to basic mathematical ideas and algebraic methods connected with the Fermat numbers.

The modern theory of Kleinian groups starts with the work of Lars Ahlfors and Lipman Bers; specifically with Ahlfors' finiteness theorem, and Bers' observation that their joint work on the Beltrami equation has deep implications for the theory of Kleinian groups and their deformations. From the point of view of uniformizations of Riemann surfaces, Bers' observation has the consequence that the question of understanding the different uniformizations of a finite Riemann surface poses a purely topological problem; it is independent of the conformal structure on the surface. The last two chapters here give a topological description of the set of all (geometrically finite) uniformizations of finite Riemann surfaces. We carefully skirt Ahlfors' finiteness theorem. For groups which uniformize a finite Riemann surface; that is, groups with an invariant component, one can either start with the assumption that the group is finitely generated, and then use the finiteness theorem to conclude that the group represents only finitely many finite Riemann surfaces, or, as we do here, one can start with the assumption that, in the invariant component, the group represents a finite Riemann surface, and then, using essentially topological techniques, reach the same conclusion. More recently, Bill Thurston wrought a revolution in the field by showing that one could analyze Kleinian groups using 3-dimensional hyperbolic geome try, and there is now an active school of research using these methods."

This book presents a collection of carefully refereed research articles and lecture notes stemming from the Conference "Automorphic Forms and L-Functions", held at the University of Heidelberg in 2016. The theory of automorphic forms and their associated L-functions is one of the central research areas in modern number theory, linking number theory, arithmetic geometry, representation theory, and complex analysis in many profound ways. The 19 papers cover a wide range of topics within the scope of the conference, including automorphic L-functions and their special values, p-adic modular forms, Eisenstein series, Borcherds products, automorphic periods, and many more.

This is a monograph that details the use of Siegel's method and the classical results of homotopy groups of spheres and Lie groups to determine some Gottlieb groups of projective spaces or to give the lower bounds of their orders. Making use of the properties of Whitehead products, the authors also determine some Whitehead center groups of projective spaces that are relevant and new within this monograph.

This book offers an introduction to the theory of differentiable manifolds and fiber bundles. It examines bundles from the point of view of metric differential geometry: Euclidean bundles, Riemannian connections, curvature, and Chern-Weil theory are discussed, including the Pontrjagin, Euler, and Chern characteristic classes of a vector bundle. These concepts are illustrated in detail for bundles over spheres.

This is the third version of a book on differential manifolds. The first version appeared in 1962, and was written at the very beginning of a period of great expansion of the subject. At the time, I found no satisfactory book for the foundations of the subject, for multiple reasons. I expanded the book in 1971, and I expand it still further today. Specifically, I have added three chapters on Riemannian and pseudo Riemannian geometry, that is, covariant derivatives, curvature, and some applications up to the Hopf-Rinow and Hadamard-Cartan theorems, as well as some calculus of variations and applications to volume forms. I have rewritten the sections on sprays, and I have given more examples of the use of Stokes' theorem. I have also given many more references to the literature, all of this to broaden the perspective of the book, which I hope can be used among things for a general course leading into many directions. The present book still meets the old needs, but fulfills new ones. At the most basic level, the book gives an introduction to the basic concepts which are used in differential topology, differential geometry, and differential equations. In differential topology, one studies for instance homotopy classes of maps and the possibility of finding suitable differentiable maps in them (immersions, embeddings, isomorphisms, etc.).

This book covers facts and methods for the reconstruction of a function in a real affine or projective space from data of integrals, particularly over lines, planes, and spheres. Recent results stress explicit analytic methods. Coverage includes the relations between algebraic integral geometry and partial differential equations. The first half of the book includes the ray, the spherical mean transforms in the plane or in 3-space, and inversion from incomplete data.

This book brings together geometric tools and their applications for Information analysis. It collects current and many uses of in the interdisciplinary fields of Information Geometry Manifolds in Advanced Signal, Image & Video Processing, Complex Data Modeling and Analysis, Information Ranking and Retrieval, Coding, Cognitive Systems, Optimal Control, Statistics on Manifolds, Machine Learning, Speech/sound recognition and natural language treatment which are also substantially relevant for the industry.

The Curves The Point of View of Max Noether Probably the oldest references to the problem of resolution of singularities are found in Max Noether's works on plane curves [cf. [148], [149]]. And probably the origin of the problem was to have a formula to compute the genus of a plane curve. The genus is the most useful birational invariant of a curve in classical projective geometry. It was long known that, for a plane curve of degree n having l m ordinary singular points with respective multiplicities ri, i E {1, . . . , m}, the genus p of the curve is given by the formula = (n - l)(n - 2) _ ~ "r. (r. _ 1) P 2 2 L. . ,. ** . Of course, the problem now arises: how to compute the genus of a plane curve having some non-ordinary singularities. This leads to the natural question: can we birationally transform any (singular) plane curve into another one having only ordinary singularities? The answer is positive. Let us give a flavor (without proofs) 2 on how Noether did it * To solve the problem, it is enough to consider a special kind of Cremona trans formations, namely quadratic transformations of the projective plane. Let ~ be a linear system of conics with three non-collinear base points r = {Ao, AI, A }, 2 and take a projective frame of the type {Ao, AI, A ; U}.

In this third volume of his modern introduction to quantum field theory, Eberhard Zeidler examines the mathematical and physical aspects of gauge theory as a principle tool for describing the four fundamental forces which act in the universe: gravitative, electromagnetic, weak interaction and strong interaction.

Volume III concentrates on the "classical aspects "of gauge theory, describing the four fundamental forces by the curvature of appropriate fiber bundles." "This must be supplemented by the crucial, but elusive quantization procedure.

The book is arranged in four sections, devoted to realizing the universal principle "force equals curvature: "

Part I: The Euclidean Manifold as a Paradigm

Part II: Ariadne's Thread in Gauge Theory

Part III: Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity

Part IV: Ariadne's Thread in Cohomology

For students of mathematics the book is designed to demonstrate that detailed knowledge of the physical background helps to reveal interesting interrelationships among diverse mathematical topics. Physics students will be exposed to a fairly advanced mathematics, beyond the level covered in the typical physics curriculum.

"Quantum Field Theory" builds a bridge between mathematicians and physicists, based on challenging questions about the fundamental forces in the universe (macrocosmos), and in the world of elementary particles (microcosmos).

"

Transformation Geometry: An Introduction to Symmetry offers a modern approach to Euclidean Geometry. This study of the automorphism groups of the plane and space gives the classical concrete examples that serve as a meaningful preparation for the standard undergraduate course in abstract algebra. The detailed development of the isometries of the plane is based on only the most elementary geometry and is appropriate for graduate courses for secondary teachers.

The topics of this set of student-oriented books are presented in a discursive style that is readable and easy to follow. Numerous clearly stated, completely worked out examples together with carefully selected problem sets with answers are used to enhance students' understanding and manipulative skill. The goal is to help students feel comfortable and confident in using advanced mathematical tools in junior, senior, and beginning graduate courses.

This monograph gives a short introduction to the relevant modern parts of discrete geometry, in addition to leading the reader to the frontiers of geometric research on sphere arrangements. The readership is aimed at advanced undergraduate and early graduate students, as well as interested researchers. It contains more than 40 open research problems ideal for graduate students and researchers in mathematics and computer science. Additionally, this book may be considered ideal for a one-semester advanced undergraduate or graduate level course.

The core part of this book is based on three lectures given by the author at the Fields Institute during the thematic program on Discrete Geometry and Applications and contains four core topics. The first two topics surround active areas that have been outstanding from the birth of discrete geometry, namely dense sphere packings and tilings. Sphere packings and tilings have a very strong connection to number theory, coding, groups, and mathematical programming. Extending the tradition of studying packings of spheres, is the investigation of the monotonicity of volume under contractions of arbitrary arrangements of spheres. The third major topic of this book can be found under the sections on ball-polyhedra that study the possibility of extending the theory of convex polytopes to the family of intersections of congruent balls. This section of the text is connected in many ways to the above-mentioned major topics and it is also connected to some other important research areas as the one on coverings by planks (with close ties to geometric analysis). This fourth core topic is discussed under covering balls by cylinders. "

Mikhail Gromov introduced pseudo-holomorphic curves into symplectic geometry in 1985. Since then, pseudo-holomorphic curves have taken on great importance in many fields. The aim of this book is to present the original proof of Gromov's compactness theorem for pseudo-holomorphic curves in detail. Local properties of pseudo-holomorphic curves are investigated and proved from a geometric viewpoint. Properties of particular interest are isoperimetric inequalities, a monotonicity formula, gradient bounds and the removal of singularities. A special chapter is devoted to relevant features of hyperbolic surfaces, where pairs of pants decomposition and thickthin decomposition are described. The book is essentially self-contained and should also be accessible to students with a basic knowledge of differentiable manifolds and covering spaces.

In the three decades since the introduction of the Kobayashi distance, the subject of hyperbolic complex spaces and holomorphic mappings has grown to be a big industry. This book gives a comprehensive and systematic account on the Carathéodory and Kobayashi distances, hyperbolic complex spaces and holomorphic mappings with geometric methods. A very complete list of references should be useful for prospective researchers in this area.

This proceedings volume gathers selected, revised papers presented at the X International Meeting on Lorentzian Geometry (GeLoCor 2021), virtually held at the University of Cordoba, Spain, on February 1-5, 2021. It includes surveys describing the state-of-the-art in specific areas, and a selection of the most relevant results presented at the conference. Taken together, the papers offer an invaluable introduction to key topics discussed at the conference and an overview of the main techniques in use today. This volume also gathers extended revisions of key studies in this field. Bringing new results and examples, these unique contributions offer new perspectives to the original problems and, in most cases, extend and reinforce the robustness of previous findings. Hosted every two years since 2001, the International Meeting on Lorentzian Geometry has become one of the main events bringing together the leading experts on Lorentzian geometry. In this volume, the reader will find studies on spatial and null hypersurfaces, low regularity in general relativity, conformal structures, Lorentz-Finsler spacetimes, and more. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to both young and experienced mathematicians and physicists whose research involves general relativity and semi-Riemannian geometry.

This volume consists of papers inspired by the special session on pseudo-differential operators at the 10th ISAAC Congress held at the University of Macau, August 3-8, 2015 and the mini-symposium on pseudo-differential operators in industries and technologies at the 8th ICIAM held at the National Convention Center in Beijing, August 10-14, 2015. The twelve papers included present cutting-edge trends in pseudo-differential operators and applications from the perspectives of Lie groups (Chapters 1-2), geometry (Chapters 3-5) and applications (Chapters 6-12). Many contributions cover applications in probability, differential equations and time-frequency analysis. A focus on the synergies of pseudo-differential operators with applications, especially real-life applications, enhances understanding of the analysis and the usefulness of these operators.

This book presents algorithmic tools for algebraic geometry and experimental applications of them. It also introduces a software system in which the tools have been implemented and with which the experiments can be carried out. Macaulay 2 is a computer algebra system devoted to supporting research in algebraic geometry, commutative algebra, and their applications. The reader of this book will encounter Macaulay 2 in the context of concrete applications and practical computations in algebraic geometry. The expositions of the algorithmic tools presented here are designed to serve as a useful guide for those wishing to bring such tools to bear on their own problems. These expositions will be valuable to both the users of other programs similar to Macaulay 2 (for example, Singular and CoCoA) and those who are not interested in explicit machine computations at all. The first part of the book is primarily concerned with introducing Macaulay2, whereas the second part emphasizes the mathematics.

Author S.A. Stepanov thoroughly investigates the current state of the theory of Diophantine equations and its related methods. Discussions focus on arithmetic, algebraic-geometric, and logical aspects of the problem. Designed for students as well as researchers, the book includes over 250 excercises accompanied by hints, instructions, and references. Written in a clear manner, this text does not require readers to have special knowledge of modern methods of algebraic geometry.

This unique monograph building bridges among a number of different areas of mathematics such as algebra, topology, and category theory. The author uses various tools to develop new applications of classical concepts. Detailed proofs are given for all major theorems, about half of which are completely new. Sheaves of Algebras over Boolean Spaces will take readers on a journey through sheaf theory, an important part of universal algebra. This excellent reference text is suitable for graduate students, researchers, and those who wish to learn about sheaves of algebras.