Engineering Principles, Modelling and Economics of Evaporative Coolers covers the basic engineering and technical principles behind the operation and construction of evaporative coolers, also highlighting challenges. The book presents the reader with selected case studies on modelling in the cooling chamber and explains the economic implications an evaporative structure can bring. Edited by a team of specialists, the book also explains the strong dependence of the technology's performance on environmental conditions, and hence the limits on temperature control in the preservation of post-harvest agriculture products. Evaporative coolers are an ancient technology, invented long before the introduction of chemical refrigerants as used in modern fridges or cooling towers. This two volume set covers the topic, with practical applications, construction techniques, and operation of the technology.

Global E-waste Management Strategies and Future Implications provides in-depth information about the global E-waste problem and the potential opportunities. Part 1 of this book starts with the introduction to the E-waste, sources, critical composition, and associated challenges & opportunities. Part 2 of this book further elaborates detailed overview of the current trends in E-waste management and existing treatment options (hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, bioleaching and biohydrometallurgy) and its implications. The book also discloses the critical implications of the secondary pollutants on the environment and human health with special emphasis on the informal recycling practices in the developing nations. Part 3 deals with the existing regulations in developed and developing countries which are illustrated using case studies for effective understanding and to bridge the gaps between the developed and developing nations. Part 4 of this book includes scientific and technical information to get a better vision and understanding of the most advanced and innovative methods for E-waste management such as life cycle assessment (LCA), tax credit, extended producer responsibility (EPR), extended consumer responsibility (ECR) which is explained systematically with case studies. Part 5 of this book covers the best E-waste management practises, such as reduce, recycle, recover and reuse (4R) principles, circular resource management, value out of waste (VoW), solutions for smart cities, green product design etc., which is explained using the ideal case studies. Part 6 summarizes the transition towards sustainability.

Biotechnology for Beginners, Third Edition presents the latest developments in the evolving field of biotechnology which has grown to such an extent over the past few years that increasing numbers of professional's work in areas that are directly impacted by the science. This book offers an exciting and colorful overview of biotechnology for professionals and students in a wide array of the life sciences, including genetics, immunology, biochemistry, agronomy and animal science. This book will also appeals to lay readers who do not have a scientific background but are interested in an entertaining and informative introduction to the key aspects of biotechnology. Authors Renneberg and Loroch discuss the opportunities and risks of individual technologies and provide historical data in easy-to-reference boxes, highlighting key topics. The book covers all major aspects of the field, from food biotechnology to enzymes, genetic engineering, viruses, antibodies, and vaccines, to environmental biotechnology, transgenic animals, analytical biotechnology, and the human genome.

Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries: Loss Prevention and Disaster Management, Volume Two provides an overview of both natural and manmade disasters occurring in oil, gas and petrochemical industries and prepares special solutions based on their types. The book focuses on loss prevention and disaster management in petrochemical industries from different points-of-view. Sections review methods for making the apparatus safer and continue with discussions on the process of facing and managing disasters during the occurrence. Final sections cover loss and economic analysis after disasters and methods of reversibility are presented with case studies from around the world.

Ceramic Matrix Composites: Lifetime and Strength Prediction Under Static and Stochastic Loading focuses on the strain response and lifetime prediction of fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composites under stress-rupture loading at intermediate temperatures. Typical damage mechanisms of matrix cracking, interface debonding and oxidation, and fiber's oxidation and fracture are considered in the micromechanical analysis. Effects of composite's constituent properties, peak stress, and testing temperature on the composite's strain response and lifetime are analyzed in detail. Comparison of constant and different stochastic stress spectrum on composite's damage evolution and fracture are also discussed. The book will be a practical guide for the material researcher and component designer needing to better understand the composite's damage and fracture behavior under stress-rupture loading at intermediate temperatures.

Green Membrane Technology Towards Environmental Sustainability covers experimental and theoretical aspects of greener membranes and processes. The book fills the gap in current literature and offers a platform that introduces and discusses new routes in fabricating green membranes and processes for developing green membranes. Although membranes and membrane processes have decades of history, rapid development in membranes manufacturing and emerging membrane driven markets is requiring new and more sustainable engagement of manufacturers, membrane operators and scientists. This book is written for chemical and polymer engineers, materials scientists, professors, graduate students, as well as general readers at universities, research institutions and R&D departments in industries who are engaged in sustainable engineering and practical strategies in circular economy.

Magnetic Nanoferrites and their Composites: Environmental and Biomedical Applications addresses recent developments in this important research field. The book covers the latest synthesis and fabrication techniques, properties, characterization and multifunctional biomedical and environmental applications. Chapters provide cutting-edge research while addressing the latest scenarios, recent developments, future aspects, and challenges and opportunities attributed to their excellent properties, including large surface-to-volume ratio, high chemical stability, low eddy losses, moderate values of saturation magnetization and coercivity, large adsorption, non-toxicity, bio-degradable and biocompatibility. This book will be a valuable reference resource for researchers, engineers and technologists working in this important research field. Magnetic nanoferrites and their composites are now utilized in a broad range of different application fields such as catalysis, biomedicine, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tissue targeting, drug delivery, sensors, environmental remediation, data storage, transformers, switching devices, high frequency and microwave devices.

Polyurea: Synthesis, Properties, Composites, Production, and Applications is a comprehensive and practical guide to polyurea, a material used for its exceptional properties and performance in a range of high value industrial applications. Sections cover polyurea formulations and properties, comparing aromatic polyurea with aliphatic polyurea and computation modeling of properties for polyurea and polyurea composites. This is followed by in-depth coverage of synthesis, structure and production methods of polyurea, with the connections between production, performance and properties examined thoroughly. Other sections explain the preparation, characterization, modeling and applications of polyurea and polyurea composites with the required properties for specific advanced applications. Finally, environmental issues, recycling and future potential of polyurea are considered. This is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students in polymer science, chemistry, composite science, civil engineering, materials science and mechanical engineering, as well as R&D professionals, engineers and industrial scientists with an interest in polyurea-based materials for advanced applications.

Sustainable Technologies for Remediation of Emerging Pollutants from Aqueous Environment compiles and collates advanced technologies for the purification of water and wastewater. The book covers the biological purification of wastewater, the use of adsorbents for decontamination of water, the role of membrane technology and its composites for removing emerging pollutants, and applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for removal of emerging pollutants. This resource provides a single source solution to academicians and young researchers by assembling the latest information on the application of the conventional and non-conventional in water and wastewater purification.

Turquoise Hydrogen: An Effective Pathway to Decarbonization and Value Added Carbon Materials, Volume 61 in the Advances in Chemical Engineering series, reports on the latest advances in turquoise hydrogen production technologies, including thermo-catalytic, plasma and molten media conversion of natural gas and hydrocarbons streams. Chapters in this new release include Perspective, economic potential and overview of current technologies and challenges, Catalytic and non-catalytic chemical kinetics of hydrocarbons cracking for hydrogen and carbon materials production, Fluid dynamics aspects and reactor scale simulations of chemical reactors, Developments in lab-scale reactors for thermo catalytic production of hydrogen and carbon material, and more. Additional sections cover Product spectra, properties, performances and market applications of carbon materials from hydrocarbons cracking, Molten media pyrolysis technologies for hydrocarbons cracking, Opportunities for turquoise hydrogen production and utilization in the metals and steel industry, and Industrial scale reactors for materials production from hydrocarbons cracking.

Mining and Processing Residues: Future’s Source of Critical Raw Materials provides a comprehensive review of principal aspects of CRM-containing residues re-processing, including available sampling and analytical techniques, the latest available processing technologies, authorization and legal matters, and analysis of environmental, social, and economic impacts. Suitable for academic researchers, practicing engineers and students, the book is aimed at giving a complete and multilateral view of CRM recovery from the residues.

Inherently Safer Design, Volume Seven in this ongoing series, highlights new advances in chemical engineering, with interesting chapters that provide an Introduction to Inherently Safer Design (ISD), ISD Fundamentals, History of ISD, ISD Life Cycle Considerations, ISD Indices, ISD and Human Factors, Conceptual and Practical Applications of ISD, Challenges to ISD Application, ISD Regulatory Requirements, ISD Case Studies, Risk-based ISD, ISD and Digitalization. ISD and Inherently Safer Operation (ISO), and the Future of ISD.

Enzymatic Processes for Food Valorization describes the most recent research in the field of catalysis for food valorization, revealing the impact of the implementation of enzymatic catalysis in the different stages that make up the production processes. Sections review advances in food processing using enzymes, explore the use of enzymes on by-products for the release of compounds of interest, and show recent trends in biocatalysis and its application in the food industry. Written by a team of international experts, this is an invaluable guide for professionals in the area of enzyme technology applied in the food industry, as well as technicians and scientists involved in the use of enzymes on food waste for the valorization and/or recovery of compounds.

Functional Ingredients from Algae for Foods and Nutraceuticals, Second Edition presents an overview on the composition, properties and potential to develop novel ingredients and additives for functional foods and nutraceuticals. This revised edition includes recent data on the composition and biological properties of algae, along with examples of the development of novel algae products and their performance. It includes a new chapter on both conventional and green technologies for product development and will be of interest to nutrition researchers, food technologists and marine scientists, as well as those with an interest in natural product development.

Handbook of Advanced Ceramic Coatings: Fundamentals, Manufacturing and Classification introduces ceramic coating materials, methods of fabrication, characterizations, the interaction between fillers, reinforcers, and environmental impact, and the functional classification of ceramic coatings. The book is one of four volumes that together provide a comprehensive resource in the field of Advanced Ceramic Coatings, also including titles covering energy, biomedical and emerging applications. These books will be extremely useful for academic and industrial researchers and practicing engineers who need to find reliable and up-to-date information about recent progresses and new developments in the field of advanced ceramic coatings. Smart ceramic coatings containing multifunctional components are now finding application in transportation and automotive industries, in electronics, and energy sectors, in aerospace and defense, and in industrial goods and healthcare. Their wide application and stability in harsh environments are only possible due to the stability of the inorganic components used. Ceramic coatings are typically silicon nitride, chromia, hafnia, alumina, alumina-magnesia, silica, silicon carbide, titania, and zirconia-based compositions. The increased demand for these materials and their application in energy, transportation, and the automotive industry, are considered, to be the main drivers.

32nd European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering: ESCAPE-32 contains the papers presented at the 32nd European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) event held in Toulouse, France. It is a valuable resource for chemical engineers, chemical process engineers, researchers in industry and academia, students and consultants for chemical industries who work in process development and design.

Circularity of Plastics: Sustainability, Emerging Materials, and Valorization of Waste Plastic takes an innovative, interdisciplinary approach to circularity and sustainability in plastics, with an emphasis on plastic waste and end-of-life treatment and options for recycling, re-use, valorization and development of biomass-based polymers. The book introduces key concepts of sustainable materials, the circular economy, and lifecycle assessment, and discusses challenges in the valorization of waste. Other sections cover the upcycling of waste plastic into new materials and fuels, with dedicated chapters exploring state-of-the-art techniques for conversion to new sustainable polymers, fuel, fine chemicals and carbon nanomaterials. Emerging technologies used to produce functional polymers from renewable feedstocks, including CO2, biomass, natural polymers, polylactic acid (PLA), and polyhydroxyalkanoate-based materials (PHAs) are then explored, with a final chapter focusing on applications of sustainable materials, challenges, and future perspectives. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, engineers, R&D professionals, and advanced students from a range of disciplines and backgrounds, with an interest in sustainable materials, circularity in plastics, and polymer waste and valorization.

Organ-specific drug delivery is aimed at achieving increased concentration of therapeutic molecules at target sites with minimum side effects on other healthy tissues. Similarly, drug-specific delivery to some vital organs, such as the brain, lungs, heart and kidneys remains a challenging task for the formulation scientists. Oral delivery of most of the commercially available life-saving drugs has also been impeded by various physio-chemical and biological barriers. These advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of various pharmaceutical nanocarriers. Nanocarriers for Organ-Specific and Localized Drug Delivery summarizes targeted drug delivery systems and approaches to the major organs of the body. The book shows how drugs can be specifically targeted to the pathological area within an organ in a viable way. Employing pharmaceutical nanocarriers for drug delivery targeted to specific organs of the body requires a comprehensive knowledge of the disease site's pathophysiology as well as physical, chemical and pharmaceutical techniques for modification or functionalization of the nanocarriers. Combining theoretical principles and practical applications of various nanocarriers for organ-specific drug delivery, this is an important reference source for all those seeking to increase their understanding of how pharmaceutical nanocarriers are being used to create more efficient drug delivery systems.

Biopolymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Emerging Applications presents the state-of-the-art in biopolymers, bringing together detailed information on synthesis strategies, processing and cutting-edge applications. The book begins by introducing the synthesis, processing and structural and functional properties of smart biopolymers and bionanocomposites. Subsequent chapters focus on the synthesis and preparation of biopolymers with valuable properties or for specific advanced applications, including piezoelectric properties, shape memory properties, biodegradable polymer blends, synthesis and assembly of nanomaterials, synthesis of green biopolymers, and catalytic synthesis of bio-sourced polyesters and polycarbonate, as well as applications in active food packaging, water purification, biomedicine, 3D printing, and automotive. Throughout the book, there are analyses of different synthesis strategies and processing methods and their role and use in different fields of application, whilst the important challenges relating to scalable processing and shaping and micro and nano structuration are also discussed. The book also strives to balance the synthetic aspects of biopolymers with physical principles, highlighting biopolymer-based architectures including composite or hybrid conjugates, providing in-depth discussion of important examples of reaction mechanisms, and exploring potential applications of biopolymer and conjugates, ranging from physical to chemical and biological systems.

Fundamentals of Risk Management for Process Industry Engineers outlines foundational principles of human-centered, sociotechnical risk management, and how they can be applied to deliver real improvements in risk identification, understanding, analysis, control, communication, and governance. To maximize sustainable competitiveness requires the identification and optimization of the range of risks that can impact a business. Hence, understanding the foundational principles of sociotechnical risk management is required to design and execute effective risk identification, optimization, and management strategies.

Hygienic Design of Food Factories, Second Edition includes updates on existing chapters, along with new sections on cold storage, the control of air in food refrigeration facilities, and prevention of contamination when building during production and regulations in Asian countries (other than Japan). Sections cover the implications of hygiene and construction regulation in various countries on food factory design, describe site selection, factory layout and the associated issue of airflow, and address the hygienic design of essential parts of a food factory, including walls, ceilings, floors, selected utility and process support systems, entry and exit points, storage areas, and more. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, this book continues to be an essential reference for managers of food factories, food plant engineers, and all those with an academic research interest in the field.

A Complete Guide to Quality in Small-Scale Wine Making, Second Edition is the first and only book to focus specifically on the challenges relevant to non-industrial scale production of optimal wine with a scientifically rigorous approach. Fully revised and updated with new insights on the importance of all aspects of the production of consistent, quality wine, this book includes sections on organic wine production, coverage of the selection and culturing of yeast, and the production of sparkling, ‘methode champenois’ and fortified wines. The new edition includes insights into the latest developments in flavor chemistry, production protocols, NIR and FTIR for multipurpose analysis and microplate and PCR procedures, and IR methods for essential analysis among others. Written by an expert team with real-world experience and with a multi-cultural approach, this text will provide a complete guide to all the stages of the winemaking process and evaluation, and clearly explains the chemistry that underpins it all.

Nutraceuticals: Sources, Processing Methods, Properties, and Applications explores the impact of nutraceutical compounds on human health and their main pharmacological contributions. Broken into three parts, the book addresses nutraceutical production, applications for disease prevention and treatment, and current trends, specifically the role of nutraceuticals in cosmeceuticals and agriculture. With contributions from experienced nutraceutical researchers, and written for nutrition researchers, food scientists, pharmacologists, and those researching and studying related areas, this book will be a welcomed resource for anyone who wishes to understand nutraceuticals in their industry.

Sweetened Concentrated Milk Products: Science, Technology, and Engineering provides the most updated and comprehensive knowledge on different SCM products, delving into the production processes for each. Written by international experts, this book discusses existing information on concentrated milk and its more commercial forms, including evaporated and condensed milks. Other products detailed in this text include dulce de leches, such as sweetened caramelized goat’s milk, panelitas de leche (milk panels), and various milk-based delicacies. The book presents the definition, main characteristics, common defects, and elaboration process for each commercial form. In addition, the book includes lifetime calculation data and results of the addition of whey into milk candies. Lastly, it provides information on the quality parameters which all SCMs must meet, including experimental design and application examples in SCM research and development. This is a vital resource for researchers and practitioners in dairy science with interests and work in SCM product formulation, technology, and seeking solutions for their defects.

Innovation of Food Products in the Halal Supply Chain Worldwide covers the fundamentals and food guidelines of halal food production. Unlike other texts on the halal food market and halal certification, this book promotes halal product innovation by presenting exciting newly developed ingredients that are substitutions of non-halal ingredients with halal alternatives, such as lard substituted with modified vegetable fats, pig with halal goat/beef/camel/fish gelatin/collagen, alternative meat substitute or even additives. Innovations in halal processing technologies cover the latest techniques in halal production and authentication, halal tracking/traceability in halal transport and logistics, a vast area at the end of a supply chain. All chapters are written by acknowledged experts in their field, thus the book brings together the top researchers in this essential topic of importance to a huge percentage of the world's population.