Mian is a non-Austronesian ('Papuan') language of the Ok family spoken in the Highlands fringe in western Papua New Guinea. Mian has approximately 1,400 speakers and is highly endangered. This grammar is the first comprehensive description of the language. It is based on primary field data consisting of a text corpus that covers different genres of the oral tradition, namely myths and ancestor stories, historical accounts, accounts of the initiation ritual, conversations, and procedural texts. The corpus was recorded by the author during a total of eleven months of field work from 2004 to 2008. The book provides a thorough description of all areas of Mian grammar and gives an in-depth analysis of many points of typological interest, such as the complex system of lexical tone, the interaction between a gender system and a system of classificatory prefixes on verbs of object movement, manipulation or handling, which allows the highlighting of certain characteristics of a referent in a given situation, the complex verbal morphology which allows fine-grained tense-aspect-mood distinctions, and a switch-reference system in which switch-reference suffixes on medial verbs are homophonous with and derived from suffixes functioning as tense and aspect markers in final verbs. The book is rounded off by a collection of traditional and contemporary texts (fully glossed and translated) and a word list comprising some 1,600 items, giving lexical tone, word class and meaning.

"Gateway to Arabic Book Three" builds on the skills learnt in Book Two and Extension Book One of the series and introduces new areas of grammar and vocabulary. The main focus of the book is the introduction of form one past and present tense verbs in their regular form to enable the student to move on from non-verbal sentences and take their language skills to new levels. Numerous written exercises and passages of dialogue give students the opportunity to put into practice the knowledge they have acquired.

Do you spend your days working with students who struggle to comprehend reading in literacy and content classes? Are you looking for a way to establish comprehensive literacy instruction in your school or classroom so all students receive support in becoming competent and confident readers?

In "Yellow Brick Roads, " Janet Allen offers research-based methods for helping teachers move toward these goals. This book provides research, practical methods, detailed strategies, and resources for read-aloud, shared, guided, and independent reading. In addition, Janet outlines solutions for many of the literacy dilemmas that teachers face every day:

• understanding what gets in the way of reading;
• rethinking and reorganizing time and resources;
• providing support for content literacy;
• developing assessment practices that inform instruction;
• supporting reading as a path to writing instruction;
• establishing professional communities to support individual and school-wide needs-based research.

The appendixes include graphic organizers to support strategy lessons, suggestions of titles for building classroom libraries, as well as web sites and professional resources that support the teaching of reading.

"Yellow Brick Roads"will give you rich ideas, detailed strategies, and literature support for implementing those strategies. At a time when many are looking for that elusive wizard to solve students' reading problems, this book helps you create your own paths to effective literacy environments.

Intermediate students and their teachers will find this compact manual an invaluable resource for essay-writing and debate in German. Thirty sections provide questions and vocabulary on a range of contemporary issues guaranteed to stimulate thought and discussion. Includes introductory notes on approaches to group work and writing strategies. Topics include:
*computers
*the environment
*young people
*war and peace
*the third world

Exam board: AQA & Edexcel Level: AS/A-level Subject: Modern Languages First Teaching: September 2016 First Exam: June 2017 Literature analysis made easy. Build your students' confidence in their language abilities and help them develop the skills needed to critique their chosen work: putting it into context, understanding the themes and narrative technique, as well as specialist terminology. Breaking down each scene, character and theme in Cronica de una muerte anunciada (Chronicle of a Death Foretold), this accessible guide will enable your students to understand the historical and social context of the novel and give them the critical and language skills needed to write a successful essay. - Strengthen language skills with relevant grammar, vocab and writing exercises throughout - Aim for top marks by building a bank of textual examples and quotes to enhance exam response - Build confidence with knowledge-check questions at the end of every chapter - Revise effectively with pages of essential vocabulary and key mind maps throughout - Feel prepared for exams with advice on how to write an essay, plus sample essay questions, two levels of model answers and examiner commentary

This topics-based textbook has been devised to meet the needs of modern courses in advanced German at undergraduate level. Features include:
* focus on practical language skills, such as writing articles, preparing CVs, translating and interpreting
* authentic contemporary texts and original audio material
* oral language practice
* grammar reinforcement.
Kenntnisse can be used as core teaching material or as a supplementary text. The complete course comprises the student's book, 2x60 minute audio cassettes and a teacher's book.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203025059

Words are the building blocks of human communication and provide a strong foundation for the development of skilled language production and comprehension. Learning words in a language other than one's own requires long-term commitment and substantial engagement. This research monograph offers a summary of how learners of additional languages acquire vocabulary in instructed foreign language contexts and in English for Academic Purposes programs in the target language environment. After a thorough introduction of the most important constructs in the first chapter, the book provides a comprehensive description of the processes of longitudinal development in learners' growth of vocabulary size and depth of word knowledge. In the second half, the authors make novel connections between the fields of second language acquisition and vocabulary research. They then show how individual differences between learners can influence the processes and outcomes of vocabulary learning. The book concludes with evidence-based practical guidance to language teachers on how to enhance their students' lexical knowledge.

A Vos Marques! is an introductory course for students taking French as an option alongside their main degree course. It has been developed specifically for false beginners: students who have a slight acquaintance with the language.
The course comprises a student's book, teacher's book and three 60-minute audio cassettes and, through fifteen chapters, follows the progress of an English-speaking student studying in Paris, whose achievements are designed to reflect those of the course user.
Special features include:
* activities involving pair and group work
* an aid to self-assessment at the end of each chapter
* hints on vocabulary learning
* clear and accessible layout including integrated cartoons.
The guidance offered by the teachers book is of particular importance, as lower-level classes in universities are often taught by native-speaking lecturers with little or no teaching training or experience.

The 16 papers contained in this volume address a variety of phonological topics from different theoretical perspectives. Combined, they provide an excellent showcase for the diversity of the field. Topics considered include the place of allomorphy in grammar; Dutch clippings; the status of recursion in phonology; the role of contrast preservation in the Grimm-Verner push chain; the phonological specification of Dutch 'tense' and 'lax' monophthongs; the distribution of English vowels in a Strict CV framework; a dependency-based analysis of Germanic vowel shifts; a Radical CV Phonology approach to vowel harmony; emergentist vs. universalist perspectives on frequency effects in vowel harmony; the representation of Limburgian tonal accents; durational enhancement in Maastricht Limburguish high vowels; constraint conjunction in Mandarin Chinese; lexical tone association in Harmonic Serialism; a constraint-based account of the McGurk effect; a case study of the acquisition of liquids in early L1 Dutch; and the learnability of segmentation in Tibetan numerals.

This glossary provides a ready reference to those in the geosciences with the need to translate from English to Spanish or vice versa. It also provides clear communication, a better understanding, and closer working relationships among geoscientists, engineers, and businessmen.

Part of a series that offers mainly linguistic and anthropological research and teaching/learning material on a region of great cultural and strategic interest and importance in the post-Soviet era.

Part of a series that offers mainly linguistic and anthropological research and teaching/learning material on a region of great cultural and strategic interest and importance in the post-Soviet era.

Part of a series that offers mainly linguistic and anthropological research and teaching/learning material on a region of great cultural and strategic interest and importance in the post-Soviet era.

Part of a series that offers mainly linguistic and anthropological research and teaching/learning material on a region of great cultural and strategic interest and importance in the post-Soviet era.

Series Information:
Languages for Business

Studio for National 5 has been expertly developed to help students achieve their potential in National 5 French. Studio for National 5 French helps to develop listening, speaking, reading and writing skills and includes translation, understanding authentic and literary texts and spontaneous speaking. Cultural content and a focus on 'learning something new' help to give students a sense of purpose and bring language learning to life. A 'building-blocks' approach to language and grammar helps students to use language independently across different contexts. Audio files to accompany our Student Books are sold separately.

Start speaking Russian today! Now in an updated second edition, Beginner's Russian with Interactive Online Workbook offers an innovative, easy, and thorough way to speak, and read Russian confidently. This complete Russian course includes a user-friendly textbook and interactive online workbook. The carefully-paced, relevant lessons cover grammar and language basics in the context of everyday situations related to family, jobs, introductions, dining out, the Internet, and much more. The chapters are designed for the beginning student, and are full of photos, cartoons, games, and exercises alongside easy-to-understand lessons. This new edition includes updated vocabulary to reflect ongoing changes in contemporary Russian culture and society, new speaking and writing activities that allow students to interact with technology and media, and new individual and group projects and oral presentations to engage learners' creativity and help them develop communicative competency. In addition to the book, you have access to an interactive website full of videos, audio, and self-correcting exercises. The enriching material on the website reinforces the basics of the lessons in the book, helping you acquire Russian skills in a natural, engaging way. Thorough explanations and instructions offer a gradual introduction to the language, Cyrillic alphabet, and grammar An interactive website features correct pronunciation by native speakers and helps learners start speaking Russian right away Ideal for individual self-study or classroom use Each chapter will take 5-6 hours of classroom instruction, or approximately 10-12 hours of study for the independent learner. Students should be able to attain the ACTFL Novice High or Intermediate Low levels of proficiency by the end of the course

"Umatilla Dictionary" documents the language of the Umatilla people east of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon and Washington. Working for many years with the accumulated scholarship of linguists and anthropologists as well as with elders on the Umatilla Reservation, tribal linguist Noel Rude has painstakingly recorded and rationalized words, pronunciations, phrases, and other elements of the Umatilla language.

The dictionary includes a grammar and comparative information that places the Umatilla language in its linguistic and historical context and compiles all of its known words, phrases, and constructions. "Umatilla Dictionary" is an important work for people of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, the Yakama Nation, and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs and adds to the growing linguistic work being done by tribes and scholars on endangered languages.

Exam board: AQA Level: A-level Subject: French First teaching: September 2016 First exams: Summer 2018 Maximise your students' potential and build the skills needed to succeed with this exam-focused workbook, packed with practice questions for every section of the AQA A-Level French exams. - Encourage rolling revision throughout the two years by developing your students' skills in class and at home - Test each skill with exam-style activities for every section of the exam papers, with all the audio and answers accessible online - Build your students' confidence in vocab and grammar with focused lists, explanations and activities - Target the top grades with sample answers and tips to boost exam performance

This is a book for the Single Market Economy (SEM) and for the real estate professionals operating within it. With the rapidly increasing harmonization within Europe there is a need for the development of expertise in the handling of different national systems and the non-tariff barriers they present. This guide is designed to help professionals to develop this expertise. It offers more than a dictionary of specialist and technical terminology; there is a supplementary section giving longer translations of particularly tricky terms where more detailed information is needed. There are also sections on the real estate and planning systems in the different European countries, government and planning hierarchies and real estate associations throughout Europe. None of these are intended to be definitive guides, but simply highlight the key questions the real estate professional needs to be aware of and goes on to provide sources for further reading.