Methodische und methodologische empirische Grundlagen wurden uber einen langen Zeitraum aus der Psychologie, der Soziologie und aus den Erziehungswissenschaften in die fachdidaktische Forschung "exportiert" und sind mitverantwortlich fur die gelungene empirische Wende auch in den Fachdidaktiken. Der Tagungsband der Kasseler Methodentage 2016 zu den drei rekonstruktiven Analyseverfahren Lautes Denken, "Stimulated Recall" und Dokumentarische Methode spiegelt den Austausch junger Promovendinnen und Promovenden sowie Habilitandinnen und Habilitanden uber relevante methodisch-methodologische Themen der Sprachlehr- und -lernforschung. Er leistet einen Beitrag zur Konsolidierung und Verbreiterung des forschungsmethodischen Wissens in diesem Bereich.

Advances in second language teaching methodology, including new emphases on learner-centeredness and individualized instruction, have significantly changed the roles teachers play in the classroom and made ever greater demands on their classroom management skills. Nunan and Lamb help language teachers to meet these new demands by providing them with the practical knowledge and skills necessary for the effective management of teaching and learning in today's classrooms. The central focus of the book is on the independent decisions teachers must make in key areas such as lesson planning, teacher talk, group work, error correction, resource management, and evaluation. The text uses a task-based approach, and the material presented is well-supported by theory and research.

Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is an approach to teaching and learning languages that uses computers and other technologies to present, reinforce, and assess material to be learned, or to create environments where teachers and learners can interact with one another and the outside world. This book provides a much-needed overview of the diverse approaches to research and practice in CALL. It differs from previous works in that it not only surveys the field, but also makes connections to actual practice and demonstrates the potential advantages and limitations of the diverse options available. These options are based squarely on existing research in the field, enabling readers to make informed decisions regarding their own research in CALL. This essential text helps readers to understand and embrace the diversity in the field, and helps to guide them in both research and practice.

The student demographic of universities today has changed quite dramatically from even a decade ago. As universities seek to internationalise, widen participation and derive attendant reputational and financial benefits, along with greater opportunities for research collaborations and industry links, they also face a growing challenge associated with what Neil Murray terms 'the English language question'. In particular, as the proportion of students of non-English speaking backgrounds entering universities increases, there is growing concern over levels of language proficiency and what this can mean for educational standards, the student experience and, ultimately, institutional standing. Standards of English in Higher Education unpacks a number of key and interrelated issues - for example, the assessment of proficiency and the structure and nature of provision - that bear on the question of English language standards, and in doing so offers a frank and critical appraisal of English language in higher education today.

Extensively revised and updated, this second edition provides, in an A-Z format, an analysis of the most important generalizations that have been made on the unidirectional change of grammatical forms and constructions. Based on the analysis of more than 1,000 languages, it reconstructs over 500 processes of grammatical change in the languages of the world, including East Asian languages such as Chinese, Korean and Japanese. Readers are provided with the tools to discover how lexical and grammatical meanings can be related to one another in a principled way, how such issues as polysemy, heterosemy, and transcategoriality are dealt with, and why certain linguistic forms have simultaneous lexical and grammatical functions. Definitions of lexical concepts are provided with examples from a broad variety of languages, and references to key relevant research literature. Linguists and other scholars will gain a better understanding of languages on a worldwide scale.

This book provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of research methods in second-language teaching and learning, from experts in the field. The Cambridge Guide to Research in Language Teaching and Learning covers 36 core areas of second-language research, organised into four main sections: Primary Considerations; Getting Ready; Doing the Research; Research Contexts. Presenting in-depth but easy to understand theoretical overviews, along with practical advice, the volume is aimed at 'students of research', including pre-service and in-service language teachers who are interested in research methods, as well as those studying research methods in Bachelor, MA, or PhD graduate programs around the world.

A Guide to Composition Pedagogies is the essential bibliographic guide written for newcomers to the field. Since our field has evolved quite a lot over the last decade, this long-awaited second edition contains many important changes, additions, and updates. At the same time, the practical organization and educational intent of the book have remained the same: The pedagogies themselves are categories commonly recognized in the disciplinary scholarship, and as with the first edition, each essay introduces the most important work in the field on the pedagogy, while attempting to offer readers a sense of the spirit of the approach, often through personal teaching narratives. t In short, this best-selling bibliographic guide familiarizes writing instructors with the current topography of Composition Studies and directs them to the best books and articles for further exploration. For this second edition, each author discusses some of the implications of technology for each pedagogy. In addition, the essays now focus more on practice and slightly less on theory.

The History of the English Language has been a standard university course offering for over 150 years. Yet relatively little has been written about teaching a course whose very title suggests its prodigious chronological, geographic, and disciplinary scope. In the nineteenth century, History of the English Language courses focused on canonical British literary works. Since these early curricula were formed, the English language has changed, and so have the courses. In the twenty-first century, instructors account for the growing prominence of World Englishes as well as the English language's transformative relationship with the internet and social media. Approaches to Teaching the History of the English Language addresses the challenges and circumstances that the course's instructors and students commonly face. The volume reads as a series of "master classes" taught by experienced instructors who explain the pedagogical problems that inspired resourceful teaching practices. Although its chapters are authored by seasoned teachers, many of whom are preeminent scholars in their individual fields, the book is designed for instructors at any career stage-beginners and veterans alike. The topics addressed in Approaches to Teaching the History of the English Language include: the unique pedagogical dynamic that transpires in language study; the course's origins and relevance to current university curricula; scholarly approaches that can offer an abiding focus in a semester-long course; advice about navigating the course's formidable chronological ambit; ways to account for the language's many varieties; and the course's substantial and pedagogical relationship to contemporary multimedia platforms. Each chapter balances theory and practice, explaining in detail activities, assignments, or discussion questions ready for immediate use by instructors.

First published in 1978 and now thoroughly revised, Reading Greek is a best-selling one-year introductory course in ancient Greek for students of any age. It combines the best of modern and traditional language-learning techniques and is used in schools, summer schools and universities across the world. The Teachers' Notes to Reading Greek are intended to help teachers at school, at university and in adult education to use the course to their best advantage. They do not tell the teacher what to do but describe the practice of experienced users of the course and offer suggestions for tactics to adopt, including advice on matters such as lesson planning, year-plans and potential examination papers. This volume of notes has been thoroughly updated to match the revised edition of the course.

What is involved in acquiring a new dialect - for example, when Canadian English speakers move to Australia or African American English-speaking children go to school? How is such learning different from second language acquisition (SLA), and why is it in some ways more difficult? These are some of the questions Jeff Siegel examines in this book, which focuses specifically on second dialect acquisition (SDA). Siegel surveys a wide range of studies that throw light on SDA. These concern dialects of English as well as those of other languages, including Dutch, German, Greek, Norwegian, Portuguese and Spanish. He also describes the individual and linguistic factors that affect SDA, such as age, social identity and language complexity. The book discusses problems faced by students who have to acquire the standard dialect without any special teaching, and presents some educational approaches that have been successful in promoting SDA in the classroom.

Bringing together multiple sources of data and combining existing theories across language teacher cognition, teacher education, second language motivation and psychology, this empirically-grounded analysis of teacher development in action offers new insights into the complex and dynamic nature of language teachers' conceptual change.

This collection of original articles provides a state-of-the-art overview of key issues and approaches in contemporary language teaching. Written by internationally prominent researchers, educators, and emerging scholars, the chapters are grouped into five sections: rethinking our understanding of teaching, learner diversity and classroom learning, pedagogical approaches and practices, components of the curriculum, and media and materials. Each chapter covers key topics in teaching methodology such as reflective pedagogy, teaching large classes, outcomes-based language learning, speaking instruction, and technology in the classroom. Chapters assume no particular background knowledge and are written in an accessible style.

El espanol y su estructura, Segunda edicion, es un repaso integro del espanol para estudiantes bilinguees a nivel universitario. Ha sido concebida para hispanohablantes que han vivido en contacto con el idioma pero que no han recibido instruccion formal en la adquisicion de la escritura estandarizada del idioma. Este texto puede usarse en un nivel basico como a nivel intermedio, sin embargo rinde mejores resultados cuando se emplea en cursos secuenciales a nivel de universidad. Sus 15 capitulos han sido corregidos y modificados con vistas hacia un mejor y mas facil entendimiento del material, teniendo en cuenta la poblacion estudiantil para la que ha sido concebida. Dos capitulos preliminares sirven de base para las lecciones subsiguientes. Entre los temas introductorios se exploran cuestiones sobre la puntuacion, la entonacion y otros relacionados. Asimismo se ha hecho hincapie en el area de los anglicismos y los problemas que se generan a partir de la interferencia lingueistica. Ademas de abarcar temas especificos de gramatica, tambien se incluyen secciones de ortografia destacando areas clave en el uso o abuso de consonantes o en la confusion entre ciertos pares de palabras y frases que al pronunciarlas suenan de forma muy parecida pero se escriben de forma muy distinta y no tienen el mismo significado. Esta segunda edicion incluye tambien tres autoexamenes, uno despues de cada 5 capitulos. Estos ejercicios representan un reto para los estudiantes y podrian usarse como practica para los examenes del curso. El espanol y su estructura, Segunda edicion, posee la ventaja de que incluye una seleccion de lecturas lo cual elimina la necesidad de comprar un libro de lectura adicional. Los estudiantes invierten en un libro de texto que integra en un solo volumen material adecuado y de calidad que provee una base firme que muy bien puede servir para prepararlos para una sub-especializacion o para una carrera en espanol.

In 1998 and 1999, three of the largest providers of educational tests introduced computer-based versions of proficiency tests for English as a foreign language. Around the same time, many institutions began to offer Web-based tests for particular language courses and classes. These two phenomena have greatly added to the momentum of work in computer-assisted testing and mean that assessment through computer technology is becoming a fact for language learners in educational settings and therefore for teachers and researchers. This book is the first to consider the theoretical, methodological and practical issues and their implications for language-teaching professionals wishing to engage with computer-assisted assessment. It overviews the work in the field, evaluates examples of assessment though computer technology, and provides language teachers and researchers with practical guidelines for implementation.

New languages are constantly emerging, as existing languages diverge into different forms. To explain this fascinating process, we need to understand how languages change and how they emerge in children. In this pioneering study, David Lightfoot explains how languages come into being, arguing that children are the driving force. He explores how new systems arise, how they are acquired by children, and how adults and children play different, complementary roles in language change. Lightfoot makes an important distinction between 'external language' (language as it exists in the world), and 'internal language' (language as represented in an individual's brain). By examining the interplay between the two, he shows how children are 'cue-based' learners, who scan their external linguistic environment for new structures, making sense of the world outside in order to build their internal language. Engaging and original, this book offers an interesting account of language acquisition, variation and change.

In a world where migration is a daily reality, the ways in which affirming educational experiences can be provided for all children remain high on the agendas of schools, colleges and teachers. This book provides practical ideas for how children, young people and parents can feel welcomed and affirmed in their multilingual identities and all learners can feel intrigued and excited by the linguistic diversity of the world’s people. The book will be an invaluable resource for educational practitioners, researchers, trainee teachers, teacher educators and all who are passionate about bringing together creative arts approaches with language learning and teaching. By blending academic theory with tried-and-tested classroom practice the authors will inspire readers to adapt the featured activities for their own contexts and learners.

This book is the first to explore the varied ways in which invented languages can be used to teach languages and linguistics in university courses. There has long been interest in invented languages, also known as constructed languages or conlangs, both in the political arena (as with Esperanto) and in the world of literature and science fiction and fantasy media - Tolkien's Quenya and Sindarin, Dothraki in Game of Thrones, and Klingon in the Star Trek franchise, among many others. Linguists have recently served as language creators or consultants for film and television, with notable examples including Jessica Coon's work on the film Arrival, Christine Schreyer's Kryptonian for Man of Steel, and David Adger's contributions to the series Beowulf. The chapters in this volume show how the use of invented languages as a teaching tool can reach a student population who might not otherwise be interested in studying linguistics, as well as helping those students to develop the fundamental core skills of linguistic analysis. Invented languages encourage problem-based and active learning; they shed light on the nature of linguistic diversity and implicational universals; and they provide insights into the complex interplay of linguistic patterns and social, environmental, and historical processes. The volume brings together renowned scholars and junior researchers who have used language invention and constructed languages to achieve a range of pedagogical objectives. It will be of interest to graduate students and teachers of linguistics and those in related areas such as anthropology and psychology.

This book provides readers with a range of approaches and tools for thinking deeply about conducting research in their own language classrooms. The book's accessible style and content encourage language teachers to become part of a community focused on inquiry, equipping them with relevant terminology and concepts for their own teaching and research (inquiry, data collection, data analysis, bringing it all together). The reader is exposed to various research methods and examples, accompanied by pros and cons and rationales for each. This enables them to select which research approaches resonate most and are relevant to their own teaching. The book is designed to empower language teachers to engage in ongoing research, thus democratizing who might be considered a researcher. It includes a range of activities and reflections that can be adapted for both pre- and in-service language teachers in diverse language classrooms.

This book addresses the acquisition of pragmatics in second and foreign language classrooms, offering two state-of-the-art survey chapters, and eleven chapters reporting the results of empirical research. All chapters have been written especially for this collection. The empirical studies cover three areas: incidental acquisition of pragmatics in instructed contexts, the effects of instruction in pragmatics, and the assessment of pragmatics ability. The studies address a number of areas in pragmatics, from speech acts and discourse markers to conversational routines and address terms, and represent a range of target languages and contexts in the US, Asia, and Europe. A wide array of research methodologies are also employed, from questionnaires to in-depth interviews and conversation analysis. The first collection of its kind, Pragmatics in Language Teaching offers a comprehensive and essential introduction to a rapidly growing area, and should be of interest to researchers and language teachers alike.

This volume in the ALLC series offers current and soon-to-be professionals in the ESL / EFL field a comprehensive guide to how to make the best use of technology to enhance the English language learning experience. The book has a predominant focus on practical insights that are based on successful real-life experiences at the classroom and study program level, including contributions from teachers in various countries. Nevertheless, there is also a strong foundation in existing research and literature as they relate to the needs of English language teachers. To promote reflective and exploratory practice, there is plenty of 'food-for-thought' for the reader. Although pre-service and in-service teachers represent the primary audience, the book is likely to be just as useful for language program administrators, researchers, curriculum and materials writers, and e-learning developers.

This book is about planning lessons and courses for students of English as a foreign language. It is the only book on the market totally devoted to this. It does not take the view that "planning" equals writing pages and pages of notes by an assessor or observer. Rather it takes the everyday reality of the working teacher as they design short and long instructional units. Each chapter is based on a real life question, such as: Who are the students? When is the lesson? What can go in to a lesson or course? How do people learn? How can I teach? What materials can I choose? How can I get started on planning? What are my constraints and freedoms? What activities can I use and adapt?Each chapter contains both thought provoking analysis of parts of a teacher's job and many practical principles clearly explained. The book is designed to help inexperienced teachers gather working routines and sequences of ideas and to help experienced teachers to refresh the routines they have grown used to.

Over the last twenty years phraseology has become a major field of pure and applied research in Western European and North American linguistics. This book is made up of authoritative contributions from leading specialists who examine the increasingly crucial role played by ready-made word-combinations in language acquisition and adult language use. The book introduces the main theoretical approaches, analyses the corpus data and phrase typology, and considers the application of phraseology to associated disciplines including lexicography, language learning, stylistics, and computational analysis.

This book captures an urgent moment for language teaching, learning and research. At its core are a series of debates concerning gender stereotyping, the place of linguistics in modern languages, language activism, multilingualism and modern languages and digital humanities. Taken together, these debates explore the work that languages, and that those who learn and speak them, do in the world as well as the way we think 'through' and 'in' a language and are shaped by it. Language Debates acknowledges the history of language teaching and the current realities of language teaching and learning. It is bold in suggesting ways forward for reform and for policy, setting languages and language learning at the heart of a consciously transformative set of goals. This book is therefore essential reading for academics, language teachers, policy makers, students, activists and those passionate about progressing language learning and teaching. The editors and contributors make up a multilingual and multicultural team who work across languages, cultures and borders with a globally-informed approach to their work. Uniquely, the debates in this volume are based on events with participants in the Language Acts and Worldmaking Debates Series and/or workshops within the wider research project and take into account the ensuing discussions there. Each debate is accompanied by an interview which serves as a model on how to continue the conversation beyond the printed pages of the book. You can also discover ways to join the debate through links on the Language Acts and Worldmaking series website (www.jmlanguages.com/languageacts) which includes recorded debates, additional materials and more information about the series. Like all the volumes in the Language Acts and Worldmaking series, the overall aim is two-fold: to challenge widely-held views about language learning as a neutral instrument of globalisation and to innovate and transform language research, teaching and learning, together with Modern Languages as an academic discipline, by foregrounding its unique form of cognition and critical engagement. Specific aims are to: * propose new ways of bridging the gaps between those who teach and research languages and those who learn and use them in everyday contexts from the professional to the personal * put research into the hands of wider audiences * share a philosophy, policy and practice of language teaching and learning which turns research into action * provide the research, experience and data to enable informed debates on current issues and attitudes in language learning, teaching and research * share knowledge across and within all levels and experiences of language learning and teaching * showcase exciting new work that derives from different types of community activity and is of practical relevance to its audiences * disseminate new research in languages that engages with diverse communities of language practitioners.