The status of 'Standard English' has featured in linguistic, educational and cultural debates over decades. This second edition of Tony Crowley's wide-ranging historical analysis and lucid account of the complex and sometimes polarised arguments driving the debate brings us up to date, and ranges from the 1830s to Conservative education policies in the 1990s and on to the implications of the National Curriculum for English language teaching in schools. Students and researchers in literacy, the history of English language, cultural theory, and English language education will find this treatment comprehensive, carefully researched and lively reading.

L2 Spanish Pragmatics is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of current research into pragmatics and Spanish language teaching. It presents the research on the teaching of pragmatics and Spanish language as a multifaceted discipline. Written by an international cohort of scholars, the breadth of topics includes innovative topics in the teaching of Spanish, such as genre analysis, discourse markers, politeness and impoliteness, nonverbal communication, irony, and humor, as well as web-based pragmatics resources. Key features: An overview of new trends in Spanish pragmatics research and the growing need for instruction in intercultural communication; Insights derived from important theoretical and empirical works that may contribute to integrate pragmatics in the teaching of the language; Explanations with great clarity, plenty of examples and references, as well as connections to language teaching and learning; Tasks and activities that can help teachers move from a traditional curricular approach to a more innovative and engaging one; Descriptions of numerous activities or guidelines for the classroom, supplemented with additional materials; A bilingual glossary of terms in pragmatics that will help teachers in their implementation of activities to teach L2 Spanish pragmatics. L2 Spanish Pragmatics constitutes a reference book on current research on learning and teaching Spanish pragmatics. It will be of interest to university lecturers, researchers, and graduate students. It will also be an excellent resource for language educators and K-16 teachers willing to expand their knowledge and apply the teaching of pragmatics as an integral component in the teaching of the Spanish language.

What does 'autonomy' mean within language learning? Should it be enhanced within national, institutional or small group culture and, if so, how can that be done? A variety of new theoretical perspectives are here firmly anchored in research data from projects worldwide. By foregrounding cultural issues and thus explicitly addressing the concerns of many educators on the appropriateness and feasibility of developing learner autonomy in practice, this book fills a gap in the literature and offers practical benefits to language teachers.

How does classroom language learning take place? How does an understanding of second language acquisition contribute to language teaching? In answering these questions, Rod Ellis reviews a wide range of research on classroom learning, developing a theory of instructed second language acquisition which has significant implications for language teaching.

The early chapters of this book trace the attempts to explain classroom language learning in terms of general theory of learning (behaviorism) and the study of naturalistic language learning. The middle chapters document the attempts of researchers to enter the "black box" of the classroom in order to describe the teaching-learning behaviors that take place there and to investigate to what extent and in what ways instruction results in acquisition.

The book concludes with a theory of classroom language learning. This theory advances an explanation of the relationship between explicit and implicit linguistic knowledge and in so doing accounts for how both form-focused and meaning-focused instruction contribute to second language acquisition in the classroom.

Designing Language Teaching Tasks provides a research-based account of how experienced teachers and task designers prepare activities for use in the language classroom. It gives detailed information on the procedures which designers follow. The book is a description of research and will therefore interest applied linguists and students in the field. It is written in a clear and comprehensible way, and should appeal to all those who want to learn to write good language teaching materials.

Graduate and professional TESOL students will welcome this research methods textbook for undertaking qualitative, naturalistic and action research projects. Uniquely, the book offers a three-level structured progression, suited both to novice and intermediate students with a focus on development as classroom teachers of English, and to advanced students engaged in academic research work in applied linguistics. Every chapter is structured to develop the important skills for undertaking QI in a rigorous and serious way, at whatever level is appropriate for the reader's purpose. The book is both scholarly in approach and written in an engagingly direct and clear style.

Offering strategies and techniques for teaching modern foreign languages - an often severely challenging subject for pupils with dyslexia - this book is specifically designed to meet the needs of the busy subject specialist teacher looking for guidance on supporting pupils. The book examines alternative approaches to teaching modern languages and introduces useful teaching materials and software. A list of references to resources and organizations offer the reader further assistance. While the book focuses on foreign language learning and teaching at the secondary level, ideas are provided on how to adapt the strategies for both younger and older foreign language learners with dyslexia. The book can be used effectively as a professional text for in-service and pre-service foreign language teachers as well as support staff.

The first edition of this highly successful book received praise from many practioners in the field of language and learning difficulties. "Any practioner with an interest in the acquisition of literacy who takes the time to study Overcoming Dyslexia in some detail...will gain fresh insights iinto how they might approach the teaching of reading and spelling." ----British Journal of Special Education The second edition of this practical book has been richly nourished by the experience of teachers and pupils usiing the first edition in the classroom. The authors have created new links between multisensory learning and the National Literacy Strategy and have applied these to the National Literacy Framework and the structure of the Literacy Hour. Part one gives an informative account of ther development of literacy skills and the barriers to learning for the dyslexic learner. Part two, a Skills in Action,a provides a clear route to the development of Individual Education Plans, and will appeal to SENCOs and teachers and assistants working with the updated Code of Practice, providing additional support at school level and a School Action Plus.a Part three, a The Step by Step Programme,a details a systematic approach to learning letter sounds and high frequency words that can be used as part of a specialist programme or within the Literacy Hour.

This book examines current research centered on the second language classroom and the implications of this research for both the teaching and learning of foreign languages. It offers illuminating insights into the important relationship between research and teaching, and the inherent complexities of the teaching and learning of foreign languages in classroom settings. * Offers an accessible overview of a range of research on instruction and learning in the L2 classroom * Bridges the relationship between research, teachers, and learners * Helps evolve the practice of dedicated current language teachers with research findings that suggest best practices for language teaching

An Introduction to Foreign Language Learning and Teaching provides an engaging, student-friendly guide to the field of foreign language learning and teaching. Aimed at students with no background in the area and taking a task-based approach, this book: introduces the theoretical and practical aspects of both learning and teaching; provides discussion and workshop activities throughout each chapter of the book, along with further reading and reflection tasks; deals with classroom- and task-based teaching, and covers lesson planning and testing, making the book suitable for use on practical training courses; analyses different learning styles and suggests strategies to improve language acquisition; includes examples from foreign language learning in Russian, French, and German, as well as English; is accompanied by a brand new companion website at www.routledge.com/cw/johnson, which contains additional material, exercises, and weblinks. Written by an experienced teacher and author, An Introduction to Foreign Language Learning and Teaching is essential reading for students beginning their study in the area, as well as teachers in training and those already working in the field.

This volume brings together current research and practical innovations in the field of foreign language teaching. The contributions are all by well-known experts in the area. More specifically, the volume aims to give some comprehensive and updated coverage of theory, research and practice in two of the most challenging issues in today's English language teaching scenarios: the development of L2 vocabulary knowledge and the contribution of new corpus-based evidence to language teaching. The first section of the volume presents a comprehensive overview of relevant issues in the field of L2 vocabulary acquisition, where surveys of the state of the art in the area combine with empirical studies which approach the topic from the field of applied linguistics (teaching techniques, material writing), as well as from complementary disciplines such as semantics, phraseology and lexicography. The second section of the book delves into the pedagogical applications of current research in the field of corpus-based studies. The papers collected here explore the potential of new corpus evidence for the development of foreign language learners' competence. The final section bridges the gap between theory and practice by bringing together an intensely practical collection of papers offering useful advice on how to deal with vocabulary and/or corpora in the foreign language classroom that are derived from teaching and research conducted at the University of Granada (Spain) under the acronym ADELEX (Assessing and Developing Lexis through New Technologies). Though some papers involve reference to other languages such as French and Spanish, this is essentially a study of corpus and lexical theory as applied to contemporary English. The volume is backed up by an independent, dedicated website maintained by the editors. While web-based activities and vocabulary tests complement the printed material for the entire volume, Section 3 From theory to practiceA", provides systematic support.

Now in its second edition, Teaching and Researching Language Learning Strategies: Self-Regulation in Context charts the field systematically and coherently for the benefit of language learning practitioners, students, and researchers. This volume carries on the author's tradition of linking theoretical insights with readability and practical utility and offers an enhanced Strategic Self-Regulation Model. It is enriched by many new features, such as the first-ever major content analysis of published learning strategy definitions, leading to a long-awaited, encompassing strategy definition that, to a significant degree, brings order out of chaos in the strategy field. Rebecca L. Oxford provides an intensive discussion of self-regulation, agency, and related factors as the "soul of learning strategies." She ushers the strategy field into the twenty-first century with the first in-depth treatment of strategies and complexity theory. A major section is devoted to applications of learning strategies in all language skill areas and in grammar and vocabulary. The last chapter presents innovations for strategy instruction, such as ways to deepen and differentiate strategy instruction to meet individual needs; a useful, scenario-based emotion regulation questionnaire; insights on new research methods; and results of two strategy instruction meta-analyses. This revised edition includes in-depth questions, tasks, and projects for readers in every chapter. This is the ideal textbook for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in TESOL, ELT, education, linguistics, and psychology.

This title covers those areas of applied language study that are most directly relevant to language teaching, testing and teacher education. It focuses on the fundamental questions raised for research by the practice of language teaching and research. The reader is thus introduced to the contemporary research climate through consideration of germane controversial issues. If any conclusion about applied linguistic research since the 1980s is possible, it is that we can not take anything for granted. This text opens with examples of language teaching, teaching materials and learning a foreign language, which teachers and language readers will recognise, drawing out questions from these which are addressed throughout the rest of the text. Arguments and data from research of all kinds are brought to bear on these and other background issues that are raised, for example: the nature and effects of classroom discourse; the challenges and utility of linguistic theory and linguistic descriptions; what knowing a second language means for proficiency and for processing; nature and nurture in second language learning; how people process language in classrooms and beyond; the role of instructio

Written corrective feedback (CF) is a written response to a linguistic error that has been made in the writing of a text by a second language (L2) learner. This book aims to further our understanding of whether or not written CF has the potential to facilitate L2 development over time. Chapters draw on cognitive and sociocultural theoretical perspectives and review empirical research to determine whether or not, and the extent to which, written CF has been found to assist L2 development. Cognitive processing conditions are considered in the examination of its effectiveness, as well as context-related and individual learner factors or variables that have been hypothesised and shown to facilitate or impede the effectiveness of written CF for L2 development.

The first year of teaching has been characterized as a type of "reality shock" for many language teachers. This may be because the ideals that novice teachers formed during teacher training/education are often replaced by the reality of school life where much of their energy has shifted to learning how to adapt and survive in a new school culture. Although the first year of teaching has been well documented in general education research, not many detailed studies outlining the experiences of language teachers in their first year of teaching have been documented in the language education literature.This is surprising because as some scholars have suggested, in order to establish an effective knowledge-base for second/foreign language teacher education, language teacher educators must have some understanding of schools and schooling and the social and cultural contexts in which learning how to teach takes place. The purpose of this collection is to discuss the challenges and influences novice language teachers face when teaching in their first years. The volume outlines several detailed case studies of the experiences second/foreign language teachers during their first year of teaching in such diverse contexts as the USA, Canada, Singapore, Cambodia, the UK, Italy, southern Europe, Hong Kong, and Japan.

A consensus seems to exist on the following. In foreign language acquisition methodology sound methods and efficient tools have been developed until now in order to allow the learner to master and put into practice grammar, basic vocabulary and frequent communicative rules. Within this area Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) has become an indispensable partner, often leading the game. Beyond these borders, however, methodology as a whole becomes more blurred. Rules seem to vanish, variation and specialisation increase. Intuitive and ad hoc approaches seem to take the lead on formally established methods. The reasons for this are obvious: how to control the enormous, ever changing and expanding set of data, links and encyclopedic information that we associate with a richly developed human language? In front of this overwhelming opponent the search for method often surrenders. This is the point where CALL could offer foreign language learning the opportunity to make another jump forward. Information technology is capable of handling and streamlining huge and complex amounts of information. But this is also the point where language crosses the border of the purely linguistic fact, and where language learning has to come to terms with what we would call "cultural" issues."

Multiliteracies considers the future of literacy teaching in the context of the rapidly changing English language. Questions are raised about what constitutes appropriate literacy teaching in today's world: a world that is both a global village yet one in which local diversity is increasingly important.
This is a coherent and accessible overview with well-known international contributors bringing together their varying national experiences and differences of theoretical and political emphasis. The essays deal with issues such as:
* the fundamental premises of literacy pedagogy
* the effects of technological change
* multilingualism and cultural identity
* social futures and their implications on language teaching.
The book concludes with case studies of attempts to put the theories into practice and thereby provide a basis for dialogue with fellow educators around the world.

Hypertext, e-mail, word processing: electronic technologies have revolutionized textual practices. How does language on screen work differently from language on the page? What new literacy skills are needed and how do we teach them?
Page to Screen collects some of the best contemporary thinkers in the field of technology and literacy. They analyze the potential of the new forms of text, the increased emphasis on visual communication, new forms of rhetoric, learning in the age of global communication networks and new approaches to storytelling.
Page to Screen is compelling reading for anyone interested in Literacy Education, Language Studies, English, Library Studies, Multimedia and Communication Studies.
International contributors include Gunther Kress, Cynthia Selfe and Gail E. Hawisher.

Family Language Learning is a practical guide designed to support, advise and encourage any parents who are hoping to raise their children bilingually. It is unique in that it focuses on parents who are not native speakers of a foreign language. It gives parents the tools they need to cultivate and nurture their own language skills while giving their children an opportunity to learn another language. The book combines cutting-edge research on language exposure with honest and often humorous stories from personal interviews with families speaking a foreign language at home. By dispelling long-held myths about how language is learned, it provides hope to parents who want to give their children bilingual childhoods, but feel they don't know where to start with learning a foreign language.

English for Occupational Purposes examines the field of teaching English in occupational settings as a particular instance of general workplace training and development. It is the first book to unite scholarship on workplace English with general training. The book uses case studies and surveys from various occupational contexts to ask whether English for Occupational Purposes and general training use the same language in articulating their curricular and instructional development. The main focus of the study is on business organizations, specifically in South Korea, where English has become an integral part of business both in the workplace, in business to business negotiations, and in professional training. This fascinating monograph will be of interest to researchers in English for specific purposes and applied linguistics as well as scholars of workplace education.

The Complete Guide to the Theory and Practice of Materials Development for Language Learning provides undergraduate and graduate-level students in applied linguistics and TESOL, researchers, materials developers, and teachers with everything they need to know about the latest theory and practice of language learning materials development for all media. The past two decades have seen historic change in the field of language learning materials development. The four main drivers of that change include a shift in emphasis from materials for language teaching to language learning; evidenced-based development; the huge increase in digital delivery technologies; and the wedding of materials developed for the learning of English with those for other second or foreign languages. Based on an exhaustive review of the world literature on the subject, as well as their decades of experience as materials developers and researchers, the authors address these issues to offer comprehensive coverage of all aspects of contemporary language learning materials development. Combining a highly accessible style and presentation with academic rigor, this book has many pedagogical features including numerous think questions and tasks, as well as a list of valuable resources freely available to materials developers, in order to stimulate readers and provoke debate in the field. Unparalleled in scope and depth of coverage, The Complete Guide to the Theory and Practice of Materials Development for Language Learning: * Combines a highly-accessible style and presentation with academic rigor, making it an ideal guide for newcomers to the field as well as experts * Offers objective information, critical reviews of the literature, and extremely well-informed opinions and recommendations * Delves into the issues which continue to provoke debate in the field, worldwide * Considers questions of materials evaluation, adaptation, and development * Provides numerous think questions and tasks to stimulate readers and foster innovation, and a list of valuable resources freely available to materials developers Timely, authoritative, and global in scope, The Complete Guide to the Theory and Practice of Materials Development for Language Learning is an indispensable resource for all those studying and working in the field of language learning.

Second language classrooms provide unique opportunities for intellectual growth, cognitive skill development, and cultural exchange. In Integrating the Digital Humanities into the Second Language Classroom, Melinda A. Cro makes the case for bringing the digital humanities (DH) into that sphere, strengthening students' language skills while furthering their critical thinking and research abilities. Written as a practical guide for language instructors new to DH, Cro addresses practitioners' most common questions: What are the benefits of DH for language learning in particular? How can DH be used at different levels of instruction? What types of DH tools are out there, and what kinds of knowledge must students and teachers bring to the table? Integrating the Digital Humanities into the Second Language Classroom is filled with real-world examples and concrete recommendations, making it an ideal introduction for language teachers intrigued by the potential of DH.

The Routledge Handbook of English Language Teaching is the definitive reference volume for postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students of Applied Linguistics, ELT/TESOL, and Language Teacher Education, and for ELT professionals engaged in in-service teacher development and/or undertaking academic study. Progressing from 'broader' contextual issues to a 'narrower' focus on classrooms and classroom discourse, the volume's interrelated themes focus on: * ELT in the world: contexts and goals * planning and organising ELT: curriculum, resources and settings * methods and methodology: perspectives and practices * second language learning and learners * teaching language: knowledge, skills and pedagogy * understanding the language classroom. The Handbook's 39 chapters are written by leading figures in ELT from around the world. Mindful of the diverse pedagogical, institutional and social contexts for ELT, they convincingly present the key issues, areas of debate and dispute, and likely future developments in ELT from an applied linguistics perspective. Throughout the volume, readers are encouraged to develop their own thinking and practice in contextually appropriate ways, assisted by discussion questions and suggestions for further reading that accompany every chapter.

Robert Blake, now with Gabriel Guillen, updates his successful book (1st ed. 2008, 2nd ed. 2013) on how to teach foreign languages using technology. Brave New Digital Classroom touches on all of the key concepts and challenges of teaching with technology, focusing on issues specific to FLL or L2 learning and CALL. Originally referred to as computer-assisted language learning, CALL has come to encompass any kind of learning that uses digital tools for language learning. This edition reframes the conversation to account for how technology has been integrated into our lives. Blake and Guillen address the ways technology can help with L2, how to choose the right digital tools, how to use those tools effectively, and how technology can impact literacy and identity. The book is primed for use in graduate courses: terminology is in bold and a comprehensive glossary is included; each chapter finishes with a short list of references for further reading on the topic and discussion questions. The authors provide short interview videos (free via GUP website) to enhance discussions on each chapter's topic.