Plates are integral parts of most engineering structures and their vibration analysis is required for safe design. Vibration of Plates provides a comprehensive, self-contained introduction to vibration theory and analysis of two-dimensional plates. Reflecting the author's more than 15 years of original research on plate vibration, this book presents new methodologies and demonstrates their effectiveness by providing comprehensive results. The text also offers background information on vibration problems along with a discussion of various plate geometries and boundary conditions, including the new concepts of Boundary Characteristic Orthogonal Polynomials (BCOPs).

This book describes process models for thermosetting and thermoplastic matrix composites and an expert system applicable to autoclave curing of thermosetting matrix composites. It presents a rule based expert system that can be used for real time control of the autoclave temperature and pressure.

This book deals with the roles played by the component material interface in composites, with special emphasis on methods used to improve the adhesion and bonding between them. It is helpful for scientists and engineers in the materials field and to engineers working with adhesives or composites.

To this point, the field of lubrication has been conceptualized using several noncontiguous modes of operation - boundary, fluid-film, and dry and solid lubrication. Engineers and analysts have long had to deal with old evidence that many tribological devices, such as flat surface and centrally pivoted sliders, can act as viable bearings - contradicting basic hydrodynamic theory. Tribology of Interface Layers introduces a new concept wherein disparate modes are shown to actually be particular phases of a tribological continuum spanning a wide array of material lubricants. The author details these phenomena and presents a novel definition of lubricants as intermediate layers. Explores the phenomenon of continuum spectrum as applied to new powder lubrication technology The book illustrates that contrary to previous understanding, the various lubrication modes - from dry to hydrodynamic to powder lubrication - all overlap each other within a tribological spectral continuum. It also elucidates the fact that bearings, seals, dampers, and similar devices using submicron powder lubricants possess quasi-hydrodynamic characteristics akin to conventional fluid films. Similarly, powder films possess quasi-hydrodynamic features that enable them to act as conventional fluid film bearings. The field of tribology has traditionally been presented in terms of disparate regimes, but this method of classification lacked sufficient rigor. This volume explains that characterization and treatment of any one regime may require the simultaneous accounting of several different modalities that are present in a particular mode of operation. Based on experimental and theoretical work, this text shows how the interdependence of powder and hydrodynamic lubrication exemplifies that perpetuity in tribological processes. Author Hooshang Heshmat was on hand for a book signing at the 2010 STLE Meeting. Dr. Heshmat was the 2007 recipient of the Mayo D. Hersey Award, bestowed on an individual in recognition of distinguished and continuous contributions over a substantial period of time to the advancement of the science and engineering of tribology. Check out Dr. Heshmat's wikipedia page.

On the job or in the field, when facing a problem with differential equations and boundary conditions, most likely you don't have time to read through several publications in search of a method that may or may not solve your problem. Organized for quick and easy access to practical solutions, Analytical and Approximate Methods in Transport Phenomena is a reference for the day-to-day problems encountered when working with variables in heat, mass, or momentum transfer. This text is organized differently from usual resources on applied mathematics for engineers. First, it introduces a new classification system of the problem based on just three numbers, so locating the appropriate solution method is quick and easy. Second, the author presents mathematical methods with applications in mind, introducing examples, as well as common or possible solutions, before presenting any mathematical theory or method. This allows you to identify the issue you need to resolve, then apply the appropriate method to the problem at hand. The book also includes practical discussions of the consequences and applications of various solutions. The book highlights mathematical methods as tools for solving practical problems, not as a primary objective. Its structure and focus on application, with just the right amount of mathematical rigor, makes it the most effective manual available for easily finding the analytical methods needed to solve transport problems.

Two of the most important yet often overlooked aspects of a medical device are its usability and accessibility. This is important not only for health care providers, but also for older patients and users with disabilities or activity limitations. Medical Instrumentation: Accessibility and Usability Considerations focuses on how lack of usability and accessibility pose problems for designers and users of medical devices, and how to overcome these limitations. Divided into five broad sections, the book first addresses the nature and extent of the problem by identifying access barriers, human factors, and policy issues focused on the existing infrastructure. The subsequent sections examine responses to the problem, beginning with tools for usability and accessibility analysis and principles of design for medical instrumentation. Building on this foundation, the third section focuses on recommendations for design guidelines while the fourth section explores emerging trends and future technologies for improving medical device usability. The final section outlines key challenges, knowledge gaps, and recommendations from accomplished experts in the field presented at the recent Workshop on Accessible Interfaces for Medical Instrumentation. Integrating expert perspectives from a wide array of disciplines, Medical Instrumentation traces a clear roadmap for improving accessibility and usability for a variety of stakeholders and provides the tools necessary to follow it.

The first English-language book which reviews and summarizes worldwide research advances in alkali-activated cements and concrete. Essential topics include: raw materials and their properties for the production of the two new types of binder the hydration and microstructure development of alkali-activated slag cements the mechanical properties and durability of alkali-activated slag cement and concrete other various cementing systems and their applications related standards and specifications. This respected team of authors has produced an important piece of research that will be of great interest to professionals and academics alike, enabling the production of more durable and environmentally sensitive materials.

Concrete technology for a sustainable development in the 21st century focuses on the problems and challenges for the concrete industry today and in the future with particular emphasis on environmental consiousness. Primary topics include: the improvement of concretes service life to ease technical and economical problems and the waste of natural resources; environmentally friendly concrete production including new production methods and recycling materials; and actually using concrete to solve environmental problems, for example through the containment of hazardous waste. The book is the result of the international workshop held in Lofoton, Norway. With very select contributions from the most distinguished international professional experts, this book provides a basic framework and guidelines for national and international bodies.

Tribosystem Analysis: A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis of Wear Problems provides a systematic framework for conducting root cause analyses and categorizing various types of wear. Designed specifically for engineers without formal training in tribology, this book: Describes a number of direct and indirect methods for detecting and quantifying wear problems Surveys different microscopy techniques, including those for light optics, electron optics, and acoustic imaging Discusses the selection of wear and friction test methods, both standard and custom, identifying possible pitfalls for misuse Presents practical examples involving complex materials and environments, such as those with variable loads and operating conditions Uses universally accepted terminology to create consistency along with the potential to recognize similar problems and apply comparable solutions Complete with checklists to ensure the right questions are asked during diagnosis, Tribosystem Analysis: A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis of Wear Problems offers pragmatic guidance for defining wear problems in the context of the materials and their surroundings.

Corrosion Control Through Organic Coatings, Second Edition provides readers with useful knowledge of the practical aspects of corrosion protection with organic coatings and links this to ongoing research and development. Thoroughly updated and reorganized to reflect the latest advances, this new edition expands its coverage with new chapters on coating degradation, protective properties, coatings for submerged service, powder coatings, and chemical pretreatment. Maintaining its authoritative treatment of the subject, the book reviews such topics as corrosion-protective pigments, waterborne coatings, weathering, aging, and degradation of paint, and environmental impact of commonly used techniques including dry- and wet-abrasive blasting and hydrojetting. It also discusses theory and practice of accelerated testing of coatings to assist readers in developing more accurate tests and determine corrosion protection performance.

The complexity of specifications and the number of materials options available today for concrete production mean that the traditional procedure of making trial mixes is now unnecessary, expensive and time consuming. Using J.D Dewar's research, this book shows how a small amount of materials data can be used confidently to predict the composition of the ideal product.

Ion Beam Analysis: Fundamentals and Applications explains the basic characteristics of ion beams as applied to the analysis of materials, as well as ion beam analysis (IBA) of art/archaeological objects. It focuses on the fundamentals and applications of ion beam methods of materials characterization. The book explains how ions interact with solids and describes what information can be gained. It starts by covering the fundamentals of ion beam analysis, including kinematics, ion stopping, Rutherford backscattering, channeling, elastic recoil detection, particle induced x-ray emission, and nuclear reaction analysis. The second part turns to applications, looking at the broad range of potential uses in thin film reactions, ion implantation, nuclear energy, biology, and art/archaeology. Examines classical collision theory Details the fundamentals of five specific ion beam analysis techniques Illustrates specific applications, including biomedicine and thin film analysis Provides examples of ion beam analysis in traditional and emerging research fields Supplying readers with the means to understand the benefits and limitations of IBA, the book offers practical information that users can immediately apply to their own work. It covers the broad range of current and emerging applications in materials science, physics, art, archaeology, and biology. It also includes a chapter on computer applications of IBA.

Since its development in the late 1970s, the Moire Fringe method has become a standard technique for the measurement of the behavior of materials and structures. Edited by one of the co-inventors of the technique, the Handbook of Moire Measurement brings together a series of extended case studies from recognized experts in the field. The emphasis is on the application of the method to real situations, and presents a very readable account of the technique from the point of view of the user. As an introduction to the Moire technique and its variants, this book will be of interest to readers at all levels, but is particularly suitable for undergraduates and graduate students in physics, materials science, and structural and mechanical engineering.

Chemical admixtures are used in concrete mixtures to produce particular engineering properties such as rapid hardening, water-proofing or resistance to cold. Chemical Admixtures for Concrete surveys recent developments in admixture technology, explaining the mechanisms by which admixtures produce their effects, the various types of admixtures available, their selection and use. Because of the economies they can offer, admixtures are being used increasingly in civil engineering projects worldwide. The book pays particular attention to good practice and includes a detailed chapter on the international standards currently in force.

Featuring in-depth discussions on tensile and compressive properties, shear properties, strength, hardness, environmental effects, and creep crack growth, "Mechanical Properties of Engineered Materials" considers computation of principal stresses and strains, mechanical testing, plasticity in ceramics, metals, intermetallics, and polymers, materials selection for thermal shock resistance, the analysis of failure mechanisms such as fatigue, fracture, and creep, and fatigue life prediction. It is a top-shelf reference for professionals and students in materials, chemical, mechanical, corrosion, industrial, civil, and maintenance engineering; and surface chemistry.

With the advent of analytical techniques and capabilities to measure particle sizes in nanometer ranges, there has been tremendous interest in the use of nanoparticles for more efficient methods of drug delivery. Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems addresses the scientific methodologies, formulation, processing, applications, recent trends, and emerging technologies in the research of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems (NPDDS). It extensively covers applications of NPDDS- including lipid nanoparticles for dermal applications; nanocarriers for the treatment of restenosis; and for ocular, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal applications. It also explores its use as an adjuvant for vaccine development. Supplying insight from international experts, this guide Discusses formulation for poorly soluble drugs Presents biological requirements for nanotherapeutic applications Demonstrates the role of nanobiotechnology in the development of nanomedicine Documents recent advances in nanoparticulate technology-including electrospining, formation of microcrystals, and production of liquid crystalline phases Examines the technology of metallic nanoparticles

Molecular and Colloidal Electro-Optics presents cohesive coverage from internationally recognized experts on new approaches and developments in both theoretical and experimental areas of electro-optic science. It comprises a well-integrated yet multi-disciplinary treatment of fundamental principles, strategies, and applications of electro-optic techniques for the characterization of macromolecular, small-particle, and nanomolecular systems. Following a historical review of post-war advances in electro-optics of disperse systems, the first part of the book focuses on the latest achievements in electro-optic theory, particularly low-frequency relaxation. It offers comparative discussions and experimental data to accompany different viewpoints on the origin of the low-frequency effects and multiple theoretical constructions. The second part highlights the unique advantage of using electro-optics as an alternative to conventional characterization and analysis of colloidal systems. Demonstrating the sensitivity of electro-optic methods to interparticle interactions, the book explains how these methods are used to analyze particle surface electric states, evaluate phase transitions, and determine physical properties. As the first treatment of this subject to surface in more than fifteen years, Molecular and Colloidal Electro-Optics is a definitive, up-to-date portrait of modern colloidal electro-optic science. This one-stop reference to the latest theory, methods, and applications is ideal for advanced graduate students and researchers in biophysical chemistry, microbiology, polymer, colloid, and nanoscience.

Innovative Shear Design presents a new, rational and economical design procedure that offers increased protection against shear for all types of structures. The first part of the book describes the internal forces imposed on any flexurally bent member, and goes on to describe how these can interact with external loading forces to cause failure. The author then details the new design approach, and explains how its implementation can prevent cracking and failure for a given load. The book contains numerous practical examples describing optimum design techniques for all types of structure. Innovative Shear Design is an essential reference for structural designers, architects, academics, and researchers. It will also be a key reference text for students of structural design.

Concrete durability in climates where freezing and thawing occurs is a continuing problem. It is particularly acute for highway and bridge structures, where de-icing salts are used to combat the effects of frost, snow and ice. These salts can cause damage to concrete and accelerate corrosion of reinforcements. This book presents the latest international research on this area, with contributions from North America and Europe which were presented at an international RILEM workshop.

One of the main, ongoing challenges for any engineering enterprise is that systems are built of materials subject to environmental degradation. Whether working with an airframe, integrated circuit, bridge, prosthetic device, or implantable drug-delivery system, understanding the chemical stability of materials remains a key element in determining their useful life. Environmental Degradation of Advanced and Traditional Engineering Materials is a monumental work for the field, providing comprehensive coverage of the environmental impacts on the full breadth of materials used for engineering infrastructure, buildings, machines, and components. The book discusses fundamental degradation processes and presents examples of degradation under various environmental conditions. Each chapter presents the basic properties of the class of material, followed by detailed characteristics of degradation, guidelines on how to protect against corrosion, and a description of testing procedures. A complete, self-contained industrial reference guide, this valuable resource is designed for students and professionals interested in the development of deterioration-resistant technological systems constructed with metallurgical, polymeric, ceramic, and natural materials.

Sulfate Attack on Concrete provides a comprehensive reference to this important subject. It covers: a short history of concrete deterioration due to sulfate attack, the origin of sulfates in concrete, the importance of appropriate concrete processing, forms and physical-chemical mechanisms of concrete deterioration due to sulfates, preventative measures, standardisation and numerous case histories. This book is an essential reference for industry practitioners involved in concrete science and engineering, and also for academics and researchers of materials science and concrete technology.

The field of nonlinear optics emerged three decades ago with the development of the first operating laser and the demonstration of frequency doubling phenomena. These milestone discoveries not only generated much interest in laser science, but also set the stage for future work on nonlinear optics. This book presents an excellent overview of the exciting new advances in nonlinear optical (NLO) materials and their applications in emerging photonics technologies. It is the first reference source available to cover every NLO material published through 1995. All theoretical approaches, measurement techniques, materials, technologies, and applications are covered. With more than 1,800 bibliographic citations, 324 figures, 218 tables, and 812 equations, this book is an invaluable reference source for graduate and undergraduate students, researchers, scientists and engineers working in academia and industries in chemistry, solid-state physics, materials science, optical and polymer engineering, and computational science.

This book summarizes the available information in six known areas of reactive separation: reaction/distillation, reaction/extraction, reaction/absorption, reaction/adsorption, reaction/membrane, and reaction/crystallization.

This book presents a comprehensive review, evaluation, and summary of the dependence of mechanical properties on grain and particle parameters of monolithic ceramics and ceramic composites. Emphasizing the critical link between fabrication and ceramic performance, the book covers the grain dependence of monolithic properties and the dependence of ceramic, composite properties on grain and particulate parameters. It includes theoretical and conceptual background, pertinent models, experimental results, a data review, discussion, and a summary or recommendations. Illustrations feature microstructural details while graphs plot data on material hardness, compressive strength, and other pivotal variables.

This book provides an overview of the chemical and physical concepts of instability and incompatibility of petroleum and liquid fuels. It helps the petroleum refinery personnel to handle liquid fuels from other sources as feedstocks for the refinery system.