Carbohydrate chemistry has seen a resurgence of interest stimulated by increasing awareness of the roles of these substances in biological recognition regulation. In addition, the increasing power of theoretical, physical and synthetic methods have enabled deeper insights into the properties of carbohydrates and their potential for exploitation. Carbohydrates presents a contemporary picture of our knowledge of the structures and syntheses of monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and glycopeptide units, and the properties of some important examples and derivatives including sulphates and polysaccharides. Written by established experts in the field, the book provides informed perspective of nine key areas at a level between basic texts and special research treatments.

The proposed book focusses on metal mediated/catalyzed "controlled/living radical polymerization" (CRP/LRP) methods. It surveys a wide variety of catalyzed polymerization reactions, making it essentially a "one stop" review in the field. A significant contribution to polymer science is "metathesis polymerization" discovered by Grubbs and others. The book will cover various metathesis polymerization methods and implications in polymer industry.

Analytical Methods for Polymer Characterization presents a collection of methods for polymer analysis. Topics include chromatographic methods (gas chromatography, inverse gas chromatography, and pyrolysis gas chromatography), mass spectrometry, spectroscopic methods (ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance), thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry), microscopy methods (scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy), and x-ray diffraction. The author also discusses mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties.

"Covers recent advances in polymer degradation and stabilization. Focuses on the basics of photo- and bio-degradability. Delineates special and general environmental parameters such as solar irradiation, temperature, and agrochemical exposure. Surveys plastic waste disposal strategies such as recycling, incineration, chemical recovery by pyrolysis, and source reduction."

A Practical Guide to Understanding the NMR of Polymers presents an introduction to the theory and practice of NMR, and includes sections on the fundamental principles of NMR and the applications to polymers. This book will help readers understand how these methods can be used to determine the chemical structure of polymers that influences the macroscopic properties. Solid state NMR methods are introduced to enable the readers to measure the structure of polymers on longer length scales. It is also shown how NMR is used to measure the molecular dynamics that can be related to the mechanical properties of polymers.

Written by a chemical physicist specializing in macromolecular physics, this book brings to life the definitive work of celebrated scientists who combined multidisciplinary perspectives to pioneer the field of polymer science. The author relates firsthand the unique environment that fostered the experimental breakthroughs underlying some of today's most widely accepted theories, mathematical principles, and models for characterizing macromolecules.

Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules employs the unifying principles of physical chemistry to define the behavior, structure, and intermolecular properties of macromolecules in both solution and bulk states. The text explains the experimental techniques, such as light scattering, and results used to support current theories. Examining both equilibrium and transport properties, the book describes the properties of dilute, semi-dilute, and concentrated polymer solutions, including compressible fluids. It then covers amorphous liquids and glasses, and polymer networks. The final chapters discuss the properties of solutions containing stiff-chain molecules and polyelectrolytes. Topics also include the macromolecular nature of rubber elasticity, viscoelasticity, and the distribution of relaxation times associated with the glass transition.

By explaining the experimental and mathematical basis for the theories and models used to define macromolecular behavior, Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules demonstrates how these techniques and models can be applied to analyze and predict the properties of new polymeric materials.

Polyesters are one of the most important class of polymers in use today. Hundreds of polyesters exist although only about a dozen are of commercial significance. Polyesters are ubiquitous materials in modern life and are used in diverse applications from drink bottles and photographic film to shirts and fabrics. This book serves as a comprehensive, up-to-date reference and includes the following sections:

• Historical development

• Polymerization & polycondensation

• Polyester types

• Fibers, compounds and modifying additives

• Depolymerization & degradation

• Liquid crystal polyesters

• Unsaturated polyesters

This work contains more than 20 contributions with experts from both academia and industry from North America, Europe, the Far East and Australia.

An essential book for plastics engineers, polymer chemists, material scientists and those working in the plastics manufacturing and processing industries that deal with polyester resins.

Cyclodextrin Materials Photochemistry, Photophysics and Photobiology provides to the scientific community the state-of-the art on photochemistry, photophysics and photobiology of cyclodextrin complexes in one book, and the chapters material will trigger further research in applied science connected to these small nanocapsules.
The chapters contain a large number of information of value not only to readers working in the field of cyclodextrins, but also to researchers working on related areas like those of supramolecular chemistry, nanochemistry, and in general in nano- and biotechnology.
* 14 Chapters reviewed by specialists working in the field
* Chapters are ordered from simple to more complex systems and techniques providing developments in the field and its future
* Of interest to a multidisciplinary audience working in confined nanostructures

New fields of science and technology call for new materials with valuable performance characteristics. Long-term resistance to such temperatures can be found only in polymers with chains made up of thermostable fragments. Particularly interesting in this respect are elementorganic polymers with inorganic and organo-inorganic molecular chains. Elementorganic polymers are not only highly thermostable, but also perform well under low temperatures, sunlight, humidity, weather, etc. Thus, these polymers (especially silicones) are widely and effectively used in the electrical, radio, coal, mechanical rubber, aircraft, metallurgical, textile and other industries. They are of great utility not only in industry, but also in households and in medicine, where their merits can hardly be overestimated. The need to publish this book arose with the scientific and technical developments of the last decade, the reconstruction and technical renovation of existing factories, as well as fundamental changes in some syntheses of elementorganic monomers and polymers. Moreover, nowadays it is essential to train highly-skilled chemical engineers with a comprehensive knowledge of current chemistry, of the production technology of elementorganic monomers and polymers, and of their characteristics and applications.

Modern Methods for Theoretical Physical Chemistry of Biopolymers provides an interesting selection of contributions from an international team of researchers in theoretical chemistry. This book is extremely useful for tackling the complicated scientific problems connected with biopolymers' physics and chemistry.
The applications of both the classical molecular-mechanical and molecular-dynamical methods and the quantum chemical methods needed for bridging the gap to structural and dynamical properties dependent on electron dynamics are explained. Also included are ways to deal with complex problems when all three approaches need to be considered at the same time. The book gives a rich spectrum of applications: from theoretical considerations of how ATP is produced and used as 'energy currency' in the living cell, to the effects of subtle solvent influence on properties of biopolymers and how structural changes in DNA during single-molecule manipulation may be interpreted.
- Presents modern successes and trends in theoretical physical chemistry/chemical physics of biopolymers
- Topics covered are of relevant importance to rapidly developing areas in science such as nanotechnology and molecular medicine
- Quality selection of contributions from renowned scientists in the field

This volume deals with chemistry of polyelectrolytes, namely biocide guanidine containing polymers, discussing both synthesis of new guanidine containing monomers of diallyl and acrylic nature and their structure and investigation of their radical (co)polymerization and properties of new (co)polymers. The first parts of the book describe radical polymerization of these monomers and their co-polymerization with diallyldialkylammonium derivatives, features of their kinetic behavior in these processes (for example, polymerization rates, reactivity ratios) The sections on phycal chemical methods (IR, NMR, DSC ect.) are especially important for studying of structure and properties of synthesized monomer and polymer compounds. The book is finely illustrated with about hundred original figures, schemes and tables including kinetics, NMR, IR spectroscopy, biocide and other data.

First Published in 2006. This volume introduces and provides a semantic analysis of Discourse Adjectives, a natural class of adjectives that the author argues includes apparent, clear, evident, and obvious among its prototypical members. With a main claim that Discourse Adjectives do not provide information about the facts of the world. Rather, they are used by interlocutors to negotiate the status of propositions in a discourse.

Conjugated polymeric materials and their nanocomposites are widely used for the creation of alternative sources of renewable energy, cell phone screens, mobile gadgets, video players and OLED-TV, as well as organic diodes, transistors, sensors, etc. with field-dependent and spin-assisted electronic properties. Multifrequency EPR Spectroscopy methods can help researchers optimize their structural, magnetic and electronic properties for the creation of more efficient molecular devices. This book will acquaint the reader with the basic properties of conjugated polymers, the fundamentals of EPR Spectroscopy, and the information that can be obtained at different wavebands of EPR spectroscopy.

Photodegradation and light stabilization are very important aspects of polymer aging. Polymer degradation includes different types of processes: thermodegradation, oxidation, acting of ozone, photodegradation, radiation, hydrolysis, mechanical degradation, and biodegradation. It is very important to know the mechanism of polymer degradation in order to select stabilizers against the degradation. This volume presents the analysis of achievements in the field of photodegradation of polymers. It includes, first of all, data of Russian investigators who have decisively contributed in the development of this field of knowledge (the schools headed by academicians V.V. Korshak, N.M. Emanuel, N.S. Enikolopov, A.A. Berlin, and many others).

Supramolecular Polymers, Second Edition details assembly processes and structure-function correlation in natural and synthetic self-assembling materials, focusing on developments occurred over the past five years.

The book highlights developments in the synthesis of complex structures, chemical design principles, and theoretical models of growth processes resulting in an increasingly accurate prediction of stability, degree of polymerization, and shape of various assemblies. It focuses on the rich variety of properties, functions, and applications of self-assembling supramolecular polymers. Supramolecular Polymers, Second Edition ties together potential applications such as those of nanostructures with dynamic-combinatorial-adaptive self-healing features, opto-electronic devices, supramolecular amphiphiles, hydrogels, organic/inorganic nanocomposites, molecular biosensors, molecular imprinting, molecular engines, templates for superlattices with prescribed symmetry. Several chapters of the first edition have been updated or rewritten, and an equal number of new chapters have been added. More than 500 drawings, photographs, micrographs, equations, and tables enhance and reinforce essential concepts presented in the book.

Authored by an expert in polymer mechanics, biopolymers, liquid crystals, and supramolecular assemblies, Supramolecular Polymers, Second Edition emphasizes fundamental principles at the basis of bottom-up nanotechnology, chemical design strategies, and exciting applications for various self-assembling materials for a unified and cutting-edge account of the field.

This series presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics and materials science. It is addressed to all scientists at universities and in industry who wish to keep abreast of advances in the topics covered.

Impact Factor Ranking: Always number one in Polymer Science. More information as well as the electronic version of the whole content available at: www.springerlink.com

Synthetic Lubricants and High-Performance Functional Fluids, Second Edition offers state-of-the-art information on all the major synthetic fluids, describing established products as well as highly promising experimental fluids with commercial potential. This second edition contains chapters on polyinternalolefins, polymer esters, refrigeration lubes, polyphenyl ethers, highly refined mineral oils, automotive gear oils and industrial gear oils. The book also assesses automotive, industrial, aerospace, environmental, and commercial trends in Europe, Asia, South America, and the US.

It was probably the French chemist Portes, who first reported in 1880 that the mucin in the vitreous body, which he named hyalomucine, behaved differently from other mucoids in cornea and cartilage. Fifty four years later Karl Meyer isolated a new polysaccharide from the vitreous, which he named hyaluronic acid. Today its official name is hyaluronan, and modern-day research on this polysaccharide continues to grow.

Expertly written by leading scientists in the field, this book provides readers with a broad, yet detailed review of the chemistry of hyaluronan, and the role it plays in human biology and pathology. Twenty-seven chapters present a sequence leading from the chemistry and biochemistry of hyaluronan, followed by its role in various pathological conditions, to modified hylauronans as potential therapeutic agents and finally to the functional, structural and biological properties of hyaluronidases. Chemistry and Biology of Hyaluronan covers the many interesting facets of this fascinating molecule, and all chapters are intended to reach the wider research community.
* Comprehensive look at the chemistry and biology of hyaluronans
* sential to Chemists, Biochemists and Medical researchers
* broad yet detailed review of this rapidly growing research area

An introduction to polymers and how they dominate our world
Polymer science is concerned with the structure, synthesis, physical properties, and utility of polymers. Polymers are macromolecular building blocks used to construct natural and man-made materials. Polymers from the Inside Out: An Introduction to Macromolecules provides an all-encompassing introduction to polymers and how they affect the world.

Offering a clear explanation of the unique properties exhibited by polymers, this book explores the detailed microstructures of polymers and their internal responses to stress and the environment. Polymers from the Inside Out appeals to a wide range of disciplines, including polymer, organic, materials, and physical chemistry, as well as textile science and engineering.

Chapters include:

• Physical properties unique to polymeric materials
• Step-growth and chain-growth polymerizations
• Microstructures of polymers
• Conformational characteristics of polymers developed with the rotational isomeric states model
• Solution and bulk properties of polymers
• Biopolymers
• Discussion questions appropriate for first- and second-semester polymer students at the end of every chapter

The volumes of this classic series, now referred to simply as Zechmeister after its founder, L. Zechmeister, have appeared under the Springer Imprint ever since the series inauguration in 1938. The volumes contain contributions on various topics related to the origin, distribution, chemistry, synthesis, biochemistry, function or use of various classes of naturally occurring substances ranging from small molecules to biopolymers. Each contribution is written by a recognized authority in his field and provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the topic in question. Addressed to biologists, technologists, and chemists alike, the series can be used by the expert as a source of information and literature citations and by the non-expert as a means of orientation in a rapidly developing discipline.

This indispensable reference features the latest findings surrounding the physicochemical aspects of surfactant and polymer systems to facilitate the design and understanding of novel and advanced drug delivery formulations-highlighting the basics of surfactant and polymer surface activity and self-assembly, the various types of structures formed by such compounds, and how they may be used in drug delivery. Surfactants and Polymers in Drug Delivery discusses solubilization of drugs in micellar systems liquid crystalline phases formed by PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers and other copolymers and surfactants triggered drug-release from liposome formulations microemulsions formed by ionic and nonionic surfactants microemulsions in oral and topical administration emulsions in parenteral, oral, and dermal drug delivery gels formed by polysaccharides, block copolymers, and polymer-surfactant mixtures chemically cross-linked gels responsive polymer systems in drug delivery experimental techniques for studying drug delivery systems drying of aqueous protein solutions, polymeric two-phase systems, emulsions, and liposomes bioadhesion With nearly 500 references, tables and figures, Surfactants and Polymers in Drug Delivery will benefit surface, pharmaceutical, colloid, polymer, and medicinal chemists; chemical, formulation, and application engineers; and pharmacists; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

Awarded the 2009 Olle Prize! The field of coordination polymer research has undergone rapid expansion in recent years. No longer are these materials the vaguely defined 'insoluble material' at the bottom of your vessel that spell death for your reaction. They have gone from 'polymeric rubbish' to 'materials of the future'. Great leaps in the deliberate design of coordination polymers were made in the 1990s. These were allied with similar advances in related areas such as organic crystal engineering, metallosupramolecular chemistry and X-ray diffraction. No longer did we assemble things atom by atom. Whole molecules were used as building blocks and new materials were made. This is the first book to provide a broad overview of all the major facets of coordination polymer research in one place. It combines chapters on nets and interpenetration with wide-ranging surveys of transition metal and lanthanoid coordination polymers and their properties. The aim is to provide a flavour of each aspect whilst introducing the important concepts and developments using carefully selected examples. After an introduction, the text is split into three sections: -Design (nets, interpenetration, malleability) -Analysis (transition metal coordination polymers, lanthanoid coordination polymers, organometallic networks, organic-inorganic hybrids) -Application (magnetic properties, porosity, acentric and chiral networks, reactive coordination polymers, other properties). Written in the style of a tutorial review, the book is suitable for both senior specialists and new postgraduate students taking their first steps in the field. It also provides an authoritative and detailed reference source.

Covers enzyme kinetics from its most elementary aspects to such modern subjects as steady-state, multi-reactant kinetics and isotope exchange. Offers an understanding of the behavior of enzyme systems and the diagnostic tools used to characterize them and determine kinetic mechanisms. Illustrates and explains current subjects such as cumulative, concerted and cooperative feedback inhibition and metal ion activation.

A comprehensive introduction to the art and science used by the biochemist and process engineer in the design and optimization of large-scale protein-purification processes. Covers the basics of proteins' properties, the unit operations involved in protein purification as well as important related issues of process design, integration with upstream operations, cost and timing to market. Includes an abundance of figures and tables.

Polymeric Bionanocomposites as Promising Materials for Controlled Drug, by M. Prabaharan, R. Jayakumar; Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, by R. Riva, H. Ragelle, A. des Rieux, N. Duhem, C. Jerome, and V. Preat; Chitosan: A Promising Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds, by P. K. Dutta, K. Rinki and J. Dutta; Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, by X. Liu, L. Ma, Z. Mao and C. Gao; Use of Chitosan as a Bioactive Implant Coating for Bone-Implant Applications, by M. R. Leedy, H. J. Martin, P. A. Norowski, J. A. Jennings, W. O. Haggard, and J.D. Bumgardner; New Techniques for Optimization of Surface Area and Porosity in Nanochitins and Nanochitosans, by R. A. A. Muzzarelli; Production, Properties and Applications of Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharides: Chitosan and Glucan, by N. New, T. Furuike, and H. Tamura;"