Connectionist accounts of language acquisition, processing, and dissolution proliferate despite attacks from some linguists, cognitive scientists, and engineers. Although the networks of exquisitely interconnected perceptrons postulated by PDP theorists may not be anatomically homologous with actual brain anatomy, a growing body of research suggests that the posited network functions can support many human behaviors. This volume brings together contributors with a variety of backgrounds and perspectives to explore, for the first time, the "clinical implications" of whole-language connectionist models. Demonstrating that these models are powerful and have explained many phenomena of language acquisition, language therapy, and speech processing, especially at the engineering level, they focus specifically on applications of connectionist theory to delayed language, aphasia, phonological acquisition, and speech perception. Connectionist models, they conclude, offer a new interpretive framework for the discussion of information processing in humans and other animals that will be of great utility to all those who study language and seek to intervene in language disorders.

A growing body of literature is suggesting that many children with language disorders and delays--even those with so-called specific language impairment--have difficulties in other domains as well. In this pathbreaking book, the authors draw on more than 40 years of research and clinical observations of populations ranging from various groups of children to adults with brain damage to construct a comprehensive model for the development of the interrelated skills involved in language performance, and trace the crucial implications of this model for intervention. Early tactual feedback, they argue, is more critical for the perceptual/cognitive organization of experiences that constitutes a foundation for language development than either visual or auditory input, and the importance of tactually-anchored nonverbal interaction cannot be ignored if efforts at treatment are to be successful.
All those professionally involved in work with children and adults with language problems will find the authors' model provocative and useful.

* A ground-breaking attempt to bring together in one volume all the various strands of this fundamental debate about the nature of what is called addiction. * Presents a robust evaluation of the BDMA * Neatly divided into four sections representing For; Against; Unsure; Alternative Ways of Understanding and Responding to Addiction

This book constitutes a clear, comprehensive, up-to-date introduction to the basic principles of psychological and educational assessment that underlie effective clinical decisions about childhood language disorders. Rebecca McCauley describes specific commonly used tools, as well as general approaches ranging from traditional standardized norm-referenced testing to more recent ones, such as dynamic and qualitative assessment. Highlighting special considerations in testing and expected patterns of performance, she reviews the challenges presented by children with a variety of problems--specific language impairment, hearing loss, mental retardation, and autism spectrum disorders. Three extended case examples illustrate her discussion of each of these target groups. Her overarching theme is the crucial role of well-formed questions as fundamental guides to decision making, independent of approach.
Each chapter features lists of key concepts and terms, study questions, and recommended readings. Tables throughout offer succinct summaries and aids to memory.
Students, their instructors, and speech-language pathologists continuing their professional education will all welcome this invaluable new resource.
Distinctive features include:
* a comprehensive consideration of both psychometric and descriptive approaches to the characterization of children's language;
* a detailed discussion of background issues important in the language assessment of the "major" groups of children with language impairment;
* timely information on assessment of change--a topic frequently not covered in other texts;
* extensive guidance on how to evaluate individualnorm-referenced measures for adoption;
* an extensive appendix listing about 50 measures used to assess language in children; and
* a test review guide that can be reproduced for use by readers.

In this issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics, guest editors Keith Aguilera and Agnes Remulla bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Causes of Sleep Complaints. Their team at St. Luke's Sleep Medicine and Research Center is skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of all types of sleep disorders in patients of all ages. In this issue, experts share their knowledge on insomnia; sleep disturbances related to genetic disorders, COPD, heart failure, obesity, and dementia; sleep health and road safety, and more. Contains 13 relevant, practice-oriented topics including disrupted sleep during a pandemic; sleep disturbances during shift work; sleep disturbances in pregnancy; snoring: evaluation and management; sleep complaints among school children; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on causes of sleep complaints, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Through the medium of detailed clinical case reports, written by well-respected clinicians and researchers working internationally in the field, Clinical Cases in Dysarthria discusses the challenges, and rewards of applying evidence-based procedures to people with dysarthria in real-life busy routine clinical settings. The text opens with an introduction to the latest research and practices within dysarthria treatment and sets the scene for the eight individual case reports which follow. These case reports form the core chapters of the text and cover themes that range from clinical diagnostic conundrums to applying popular, and/or novel intervention approaches to different populations where dysarthria presents. Each chapter has a specific argument drawing on theoretical principles of assessment and rehabilitation, incorporating latest research evidence to help readers problem-solve similar cases in their clinical practice. Throughout the text, readers are encouraged to 'think outside the box'. This book will be essential for undergraduate and postgraduate student clinicians within speech and language therapy/pathology courses, as well as clinicians new to the field of dysarthria.

A growing body of literature is suggesting that many children with language disorders and delays--even those with so-called specific language impairment--have difficulties in other domains as well. In this pathbreaking book, the authors draw on more than 40 years of research and clinical observations of populations ranging from various groups of children to adults with brain damage to construct a comprehensive model for the development of the interrelated skills involved in language performance, and trace the crucial implications of this model for intervention. Early tactual feedback, they argue, is more critical for the perceptual/cognitive organization of experiences that constitutes a foundation for language development than either visual or auditory input, and the importance of tactually-anchored nonverbal interaction cannot be ignored if efforts at treatment are to be successful.
All those professionally involved in work with children and adults with language problems will find the authors' model provocative and useful.

Food as a Drug provides psychologists, psychiatrists, and counselors with a unique discussion about possible addictive qualities of some foods to assist clients who are struggling with obesity or eating disorders. Examining the pros and cons of treating eating disorders with an addictions model, this book also explores the tremendous societal and personal costs of eating disorders and obesity, such as increased risk of heart disease, health care costs, and death. Thorough and concise, Food as a Drug will assist you in providing better services to clients with these types of dilemmas.Comprehensive and current, this reference provides information on relevant topics, such as diet and behavior relationships; cross-cultural perspectives on the use of foods for medicinal purposes; regulatory perspectives on drugs, foods, and nutritional supplements; and whether foods have pharmacological properties. Food as a Drug address several important topics, such as: focusing on sugar to determine the effects of food additives on children's behavioral disorders, such as attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity addressing the role that your diet plays on serotonin levels, carbohydrate craving, and depression examining the phenomenological, psychological, and physiological correlations between overeating and how foods may be used to alleviate negative moods discussing the pros and cons of treating obesity and eating disorders with addiction modelsWritten by experts in the field, this book offers you in-depth studies and information about the nature of food as a potentially addictive substance. Food as a Drug will help you understand these difficult-to-treat conditions and offer clients better and moreeffective services.

People have been using tobacco in a variety of forms for centuries. Remarkably, it was originally seen as something that could promote vigor and health. Of course, now we all know that tobacco use causes death and disability in epidemic proportions. If smoking is so bad for us, why in heaven’s name would anyone still smoke? Quite a bit has changed since tobacco first made the transition to a widely available agricultural product. Unfortunately, the general clinical approach to addressing this problem has failed to keep pace with tobacco technology and its addictive properties. People around the world who have fallen prey to the subtleties of nicotine addiction, or who care for those who have, would benefit from a deeper understanding of the ways in which nicotine can affect the brain’s function and change behaviors over a lifetime. Why People Smoke breaks down the science of tobacco dependence and presents it in a way that is both easily understandable and clinically useful for anyone interested in helping people break free of nicotine’s influence. Why People Smoke is a first-of-its-kind clinical guide to treating tobacco dependence. The book helps readers make meaningful connections between tobacco’s effects at the cellular level, the predictable behavioral manifestations of the disorder, and the social science and systems requirements required to make a fundamental impact on this disorder. Unlike previous publications like self-help books, step-by-step curricula, or clinical guidelines, Why People Smoke puts practical clinical insights—gained from twenty-five years of practice—into perspective, helping the reader understand how “brain change” translates into “mind change” and the persistent compulsion to smoke . . . despite a person’s desperate desire to stop. Reading Why People Smoke will change the way you see smoking forever.

This newly updated and streamlined edition of Group Psychotherapy with Addicted Populations provides proven strategies for combating alcohol and drug addiction through group psychotherapy. The interventions discussed in the book build on a foundation of addiction as an attachment disorder rooted in the understanding of addiction as a family disease. An appreciation of group and organizational dynamics is used to address the complex experience of developmental trauma that underlies addiction. Having identified the essential theoretical underpinnings of supporting recovery from addiction, the second half of the book gives a thorough nuts and bolts description of constructing a psychotherapy group and engaging productively in the successive phases of its development from initiation of treatment to termination. The book concludes with specific recommendations for group psychotherapists to increase their competence with groups, deepen their appreciation of group and organizational dynamics and develop a community of support for their own well-being. These methods are important for psychotherapists working with addicted populations who are inexperienced with group psychotherapy as well as seasoned group psychotherapists wishing to enhance their work.

This book constitutes a major new resource for professionals working with hard core smokers and their families. It is designed as a practical, clinically useful and up-to-date guide for all those in a position to intervene: mental health professionals, physicians, dentists, nurses, pharmacists and other health care professionals, clergy, human resource and employee assistance program corporate staff, and teachers and guidance counselors.
New research suggests that difficult-to-treat smokers often have emotional problems adjusting to stopping smoking. Some also have psychiatric diagnoses or abuse other substances. These are factors which interfere with their efforts to quit.
Because these difficulties have been poorly understood, hard-core smokers have not been provided with adequate resources and skills to overcome their addiction. These smokers are in need of increasingly comprehensive assessment and treatment.
Despite massive public health education about the dangers of cigarette smoking, rates of smoking among the population are no longer declining in the United States and the success rates of clinical programs for smokers remain low. "Helping the Hard-Core Smoker" seeks to explain why current approaches are often inadequate and how best to help today's highly nicotine-dependent smokers who are struggling with their addiction quit.

Following reviews on sleep physiology, regulation, pharmacology, and the neuronal networks regulating sleep and awakening, as well as a classification of sleep disorders, this book presents a number of major breakthroughs in the treatment of those disorders. These include recently approved drugs for treating insomnia, such as Doxepin; variations on previously approved molecules, e.g. Zolpidem sublingual preparation; or new chemical entities in advanced stages of clinical development, e.g. Orexin antagonists. Further topics discussed include drugs acting on the GABA receptor, such as Lorediplon and Eszopiclone; the treatment of excessive daytime drowsiness with cell therapy and drugs such as Modafinil, Armodafinil and Sodium oxybate; and the use of Tasimelteon in the treatment of circadian sleep disorders.

This important book shows how psychotherapy can address severe eating disorders in children and young people, illustrating the ways an imprisoned self can be released from suffering. The book features a range of case studies while addressing core issues such as self-harm, hallucinations and the threat of suicide, as well as related topics such as depression and psychosis. Illustrating the psychological roots to eating disorders, it places therapy within hospital, clinical and multi-disciplinary contexts, as well as displaying how psychoanalytic theory can be applied across various settings and in different teams. Written by an eminent author in the field, this will be a key text for anyone wishing to understand eating disorders in children from a psychotherapeutic and psychoanalytic dimension.

* This ground-breaking book binds together a contemporary understanding of sleep and brain injury. * It pairs empirical understanding through clinical practice with extensive up-to-date research. * The author discusses the neuroanatomy and architecture of sleep, including the need for sleep, definitions of good sleep and what can go wrong with sleep. * The focus then moves to the neuroanatomical damage and dysfunction from brain injury, and the resultant functional effects. * The author then adroitly fuses the two streams of coverage together, focusing on the neurobiological, neurochemical, and functional aspects of both sleep and brain injury to offer new insights as to how they interrelate. * The book then looks towards the applied aspects of treatment and rehabilitation, bringing further thoughts of how, because of this new understanding, we can potentially offer novel treatments for brain injury recovery and sleep problems. * In this final practical section four sleep foundations are given, necessary to optimize the three most common sleep problems and their treatments after brain injury. * This new approach highlights how sleep can affect the specific functional effects of brain injury and how brain injury can exacerbate some of the specific functional effects of sleep problems, thus having the potential to transform the field of neurorehabilitation. * It is essential reading for professionals working with brain injury and postgraduate students in clinical neuropsychology.

of North America of North America

The Physics of Conformal Radiotherapy: Advances in Technology provides a thorough overview of conformal radiotherapy and biological modeling, focusing on the underlying physics and methodology of three-dimensional techniques in radiation therapy. This carefully written, authoritative account evaluates three-dimensional treatment planning, optimization, photon multileaf collimation, proton therapy, transit dosimetry, intensity-modulation techniques, and biological modeling. It is an invaluable teaching guide and reference for all medical physicists and radiation oncologists/therapists that use conformal radiotherapy.

Multi-Family Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa is a treatment manual that details an empirically supported and innovative treatment for this disorder. This book provides a detailed description of the theory and clinical practice of MFT-AN. The treatment draws on the Maudsley Family Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa model as well as integrating other psychological and group frameworks. Part I details the theoretical concepts, MFT-AN structure, content and implementation, including clinically rich and detailed guidance on group facilitation, therapeutic technique and troubleshooting when the group process encounters difficulties. Part III provides step-by-step instructions for the group activities in the initial four-day intensive workshop and for the subsequent follow-up days that occur over a further six to eight months. The book will serve as a practical guide for both experienced and new clinicians working with children and adolescents with eating disorders and their families, in utilising multi-family therapy in their clinical practice.

The grandmother granddaughter conversation examined in this book makes explicit what the detailed study of interaction reveals about two social problems--"bulimia" and "grandparent caregiving." For the first time, systematic attention is given to interactional activities through which family members display ordinary yet contradictory concerns about health and illness:
* a grandmother's (who is also a registered nurse) attempts to initiate, confront, and remedy her granddaughter's lack of responsibility in admitting bulimic "problems" and committing to professional medical assistance;
* a granddaughter's methods for avoiding ownership of the alleged bulimic problems by discounting the legitimacy of her grandmother's expressed concerns.
Through analysis of a single audio-recorded and transcribed conversation, Wayne Beach reveals the altogether pervasive and often troubled talk surrounding family medical predicaments. From a careful review of extant theories that seek to explain eating disorders and grandparent caregiving, it becomes clear that an overreliance on self-report data has promoted underspecified understandings of "social contexts" -- conceptualizations void of real time practices and interactional consequences mirroring how families manage their daily affairs and understandings regarding health and illness. In contrast, this volume draws attention to family members' embodied interactional activities. Here it is seen, for example, how methods for expressing concern and caring by "individuals" may nevertheless eventuate in interactional troubles and problems "between" family members. The analysis reveals that, while displays of basic concerns for others' health and well being are routine occurrences between family members in home environments -- and of course, across friendship and various support networks -- even the delicate and well-intended management of such occasions guarantees neither agreement on the nature of the alleged "problems" nor, consequently, a commitment to seek professional help as a means of remedying a medical condition. In such cases, the very existence of an illness is itself a matter of some contention to be interactionally worked out. And it is perhaps both predictable and symptomatic that those explicitly denying (or as with the granddaughter, indirectly failing to admit) that problematic health behaviors exist, also somehow let it be made known that far too much attention is being given to possibilities and consequences of illness in the first instance.
Implications of this investigation extend well beyond "bulimia" and "grandparent caregiving" to a vast array of casual and institutional involvements between family members, friends, and bureaucratic representatives such as those involved in long-term caregiving, dealing with cancer and Alzheimer's disease, or conducting psychiatric interviews and HIV/AIDS counseling sessions. Findings regarding the interactionally organized nature of talk about bulimia, as well as the problematic nature of caregiving, will be of value to researchers focusing on language and social interaction, health practitioners, and families alike.
This volume includes the full transcript of the conversation in the case study. A copy of the audio-recording is available for classroom adoption and/or personal purchase by contacting: Wayne A. Beach, School of Communication, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4516.

Chemical Dependency and Antisocial Personality Disorder gives you the information and clinical skills necessary to assess and evaluate persons suffering from substance abuse and/or antisocial personality disorders and details how you can develop effective psychotherapy and treatment strategies. From its helpful pages that contain diagnostic criteria and clinical interviewing and assessment guidelines, you learn to accurately diagnose substance use and antisocial personality disorders. The book also provides you with the historical and clinical perspectives of such disorders and their epidemiology and etiology to give you a thorough background and understanding of the subject. Case studies and therapy vignettes are included to provide you with actual clinical examples to illustrate concepts and ideas. You will appreciate the book's in-depth discussions of treatment strategies that can greatly enhance your effectiveness. You'll find this volume is an invaluable research resource for refreshing your approaches for helping persons with substance abuse and antisocial personality disorders.Much of the content of Chemical Dependency and Antisocial Personality Disorder is based on the author's two decades of experience working with patients suffering from substance use and antisocial personality disorders. Some topics addressed include: accurate differential diagnosis resistance the use of structure in treatment therapist-patient relationship dynamics treatment outcome effectiveness, relapse, and recovery. Alcohol/drug counselors, psychiatrists, psychologists, and corrections, probation, and parole officers who want to be more effective in their work with chemically dependent and antisocial clients will find this a practical, helpful, and informative guide. This enlightening book examines many of the most difficult and clinically problematic issues that are associated with the psychotherapy and rehabilitation of chemically dependent and/or antisocial patients. Much of the content of Chemical Dependency and Antisocial Personality Disorder is based on the author's two decades of experience working with patients suffering from substance use and antisocial personality disorders. Some topics addressed include accurate differential diagnosis, resistance, the use of structure in treatment, therapist-patient relationship dynamics, and treatment outcome effectiveness, relapse, and recovery. Alcohol/drug counselors, psychiatrists, psychologists, and corrections, probation, and parole officers who want to be more effective in their work with chemically dependent and antisocial clients will find this a practical, helpful, and informative guide.

Using attachment theory as a lens for understanding the role of food in our everyday lives, this book explores relationships with other people, with ourselves and between client and therapist, through our connection with food. The aim of this book is twofold: to examine the nature of attachment through narratives of feeding, and to enrich psychotherapy practice by encouraging exploration of clients' food-related memories and associations. Bringing together contributions from an experienced group of psychotherapists, the chapters examine how our connections with food shape our patterns of attachment and defence, how this influences appetite, self-feeding (or self-starving) and how we may then feed others. They consider a spectrum from a "secure attachment" to food through to avoidant, preoccupied and disorganised, including discussion of eating disorders. Enriched throughout with diverse clinical case studies, this edited collection illuminates how relationships to food can be a rich source of insight and understanding for psychotherapists, psychoanalysts and other counselling therapists working today.

Nicotine is almost universally believed to be the major factor that motivates smoking and impedes cessation. Authorities such as the Surgeon General of the USA and the Royal College of Physicians in the UK have declared that nicotine is as addictive as heroin and cocaine. This book is a critique of the nicotine addiction hypothesis, based on a critical review of the research literature that purports to prove that nicotine is as addictive drug. The review is based on a re-examination of more than 700 articles and books on this subject, including animal and human experimental studies, effects of nicotine replacement therapies', and many other relevant sources. This review concludes that on present evidence, there is every reason to reject the generally accepted theory that nicotine has a major role in cigarette smoking. A critical examination of the criteria for drug addiction demonstrates that none of these criteria is met by nicotine, and that it is much more likely that nicotine in fact limits rather than facilitates smoking.