Step-by-Step, Color Presentation of CGIP in Everyday Clinical Practice Computer-guided implant placement (CGIP) helps clinicians precisely implement a treatment plan and accurately place implants with the use of three-dimensional interactive imaging software. The software enables the direct link between anatomic interpretation, surgical and prosthetic treatment planning, and precise surgical execution. Bone preparation, in relation to the position, angle, and depth of the implant, is guided through computerized digital procedures and patient-specific surgical guides are developed to obtain the optimum result of the insertion of implants in predetermined, prosthetically acceptable positions. In color throughout, Clinical Application of Computer-Guided Implant Surgery covers the practical application of CGIP in a simple but detailed manner. Step by step, the book guides you on diagnosis and treatment planning, applying the specialized software, and using the necessary instruments and surgical guides. It also explores the strengths and weaknesses of CGIP and discusses literature related to the accuracy and clinical relevance of CGIP. Using numerous images from clinical cases, this color book helps you understand the treatment pathway, radiographic guides, virtual teeth, imaging techniques, and computer software used for CGIP. The authors-experts in periodontics and image-guided surgery-describe this new philosophy in a way that you can incorporate in your daily clinical practice.

Based on an interdisciplinary approach that directly bridges orthopedic concepts to surface science, this book details cutting-edge research in bioceramics science, physical chemistry, biomedical optics, and nanomechanics. The book cites some of the more conventional spectroscopic characterization techniques including Raman and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. These techniques have been used to unveil molecular scale phenomena of both chemical and mechanical origin occurring at the sliding surfaces of bioceramic joints. These concepts are of critical importance to researchers as they are relevant to the development of new biomaterials.

Addressing medium- and long-term expectations for human health, this book reviews current scientific and technical developments in nanotechnology for biomedical, agrofood, and environmental applications. This collection of perspectives on the ethical, legal, and societal implications of bionanotechnology provides unique insight into contemporary technological developments. Readers with a technical background will benefit from the overview of the state-of-the-art research in their field, while readers with a social science background will benefit from the discussion of realistic prospects of nanotechnology. The text also includes a glossary as well as extensive end-of-chapter references.

Images from CT, MRI, PET, and other medical instrumentation have become central to the radiotherapy process in the past two decades, thus requiring medical physicists, clinicians, dosimetrists, radiation therapists, and trainees to integrate and segment these images efficiently and accurately in a clinical environment. Image Processing in Radiation Therapy presents an up-to-date, detailed treatment of techniques and algorithms for the registration, segmentation, reconstruction, and evaluation of imaging data. It describes how these tools are used in radiation planning, treatment delivery, and outcomes assessment. The book spans deformable registration, segmentation, and image reconstruction and shows how to incorporate these practices in radiation therapy. The first section explores image processing in adaptive radiotherapy, online monitoring and tracking, dose accumulation, and accuracy assessment. The second section describes the mathematical approach to deformable registration. The book presents similarity metrics used for registration techniques, discussing their effectiveness and applicability in radiation therapy. It also evaluates parametric and nonparametric image registration techniques and their applications in radiation therapy processes. The third section assesses the efficiency, robustness, and breadth of application of image segmentation approaches, including atlas-based, level set, and registration-based techniques. The fourth section focuses on advanced imaging techniques for radiotherapy, such as 3D image reconstruction and image registration using a graphics processor unit. With contributions from an international group of renowned authors, this book provides a comprehensive description of image segmentation and registration, in-room imaging, and advanced reconstruction techniques. Through many practical examples, it illustrates the clinical rationale and implementation of the techniques.

Implement TMR with Your Patients and Improve Their Quality of Life

Developed by Dr. Todd A. Kuiken and Dr. Gregory A. Dumanian, targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a new approach to accessing motor control signals from peripheral nerves after amputation and providing sensory feedback to prosthesis users. This practical approach has many advantages over other neural-machine interfaces for the improved control of artificial limbs. Targeted Muscle Reinnervation: A Neural Interface for Artificial Limbs provides a template for the clinical implementation of TMR and a resource for further research in this new area of science.

After describing the basic scientific concepts and key principles underlying TMR, the book presents surgical approaches to transhumeral and shoulder disarticulation amputations. It explores the possible role of TMR in the prevention and treatment of end-neuromas and details the principles of rehabilitation, prosthetic fitting, and occupational therapy for TMR patients. The book also describes transfer sensation and discusses the surgical and functional outcomes of the first several TMR patients. It concludes with emerging research on using TMR to further improve the function and quality of life for people with limb loss.

With contributions from renowned leaders in the field, including Drs. Kuiken and Dumanian, this book is a useful guide to implementing TMR in patients with high-level upper limb amputations. It also supplies the foundation to enable improvements in TMR techniques and advances in prosthetic technology.

The massive amount of nonstandard high-dimensional brain imaging data being generated is often difficult to analyze using current techniques. This challenge in brain image analysis requires new computational approaches and solutions. But none of the research papers or books in the field describe the quantitative techniques with detailed illustrations of actual imaging data and computer codes. Using MATLAB (R) and case study data sets, Statistical and Computational Methods in Brain Image Analysis is the first book to explicitly explain how to perform statistical analysis on brain imaging data. The book focuses on methodological issues in analyzing structural brain imaging modalities such as MRI and DTI. Real imaging applications and examples elucidate the concepts and methods. In addition, most of the brain imaging data sets and MATLAB codes are available on the author's website. By supplying the data and codes, this book enables researchers to start their statistical analyses immediately. Also suitable for graduate students, it provides an understanding of the various statistical and computational methodologies used in the field as well as important and technically challenging topics.

Through the integration of strategies from life science, engineering, and clinical medicine, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine hold the promise of new solutions to current health challenges. This rapidly developing field requires continual updates to the state-of-the-art knowledge in all of the aforementioned sciences. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: A Nano Approach provides a compilation of the important aspects of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including dentistry, from fundamental principles to current advances and future trends. Written by internationally renowned scientists, engineers, and clinicians, the chapters cover the following areas: Nanobiomaterials and scaffolds-including nanocomposites and electrospun nanofibers Tissue mechanics Stem cells and nanobiomaterials Oral and cranial implants and regeneration of bone Cartilage tissue engineering Controlled release-DNA, RNA, and protein delivery Animal science and clinical medicine The editors designed this textbook with a distinctive theme focusing on the utilization of nanotechnology, biomaterials science in tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine with the inclusion of important clinical aspects. In addition to injured veterans and other individuals, increased life expectancy in the industrialized world is creating a growing population that will require regenerative medicine, producing greater pressure to develop procedures and treatments to improve quality of life. This book bridges the gap between nanotechnology and tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, facilitating the merger of these two fields and the important transition from laboratory discoveries to clinical applications.

Design, analysis and simulation of tissue constructs is an integral part of the ever-evolving field of biomedical engineering. The study of reaction kinetics, particularly when coupled with complex physical phenomena such as the transport of heat, mass and momentum, is required to determine or predict performance of biologically-based systems whether for research or clinical implementation. Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering: Principles and Practices explores the concepts of transport phenomena alongside chemical reaction kinetics and thermodynamics to introduce the field of reaction engineering as it applies to physiologic systems in health and disease. It emphasizes the role played by these fundamental physical processes.

The book first examines elementary concepts such as control volume selection and flow systems. It provides a comprehensive treatment with an overview of major research topics related to transport phenomena pertaining to biomedical engineering. Although each chapter is self-contained, they all bring forth and reinforce similar concepts through applications and discussions. With contributions from world-class experts, the book unmasks the fundamental phenomenological events in engineering devices and explores how to use them to meet the objectives of specific applications. It includes coverage of applications to drug delivery and cell- and tissue-based therapies.

Polysaccharides and their related compounds are attracting much attention because of their potential for the applications as new functional materials in many research field such as medicines, pharmaceutics, foods, and cosmetics. Therefore, precision synthesis of new polysaccharides with well-defined structure is being increasingly important. For this purpose, enzymatic method is a very powerful tool because the reaction proceeds with highly stereo- and regiocontrolled manners. This book focuses on advances in the practical synthesis of polysaccharides by the phosphorylase-catalyzed chain-elongation on the basis of the viewpoint of polysaccharide engineering.

Nucleic acid (NA) therapeutics has been extensively studied both in the academia and in the pharmaceutical industry and is still considered the promise for new therapeutic modalities, especially in personalized medicine. The only hurdle that limits the translation of NA therapeutics from an academic idea to the new therapeutic modality is the lack of efficient and safe delivery strategies.
Nanotechnology for the Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids, written by world experts in the field of nanotechnology for NA delivery, the contributing authors bring together the state of the art in delivery strategies with strong emphasis on aspects that are of essence to the pharmaceutical industry, such as stability, general toxicity, immune-toxicity, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and validation of new drug targets using unique approaches based on exquisite nanotechnology strategies.

Aptamers Engineered Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy details the selection technologies, biological characteristics, and clinical uses of aptamer-based nano agents for cancer therapeutics. The book helps facilitate speedy solutions for some of the problems pertaining to the manufacture of nano-aptamers - such as toxicity, thermal stability, cost efficiency, tumor penetration and blood stability. Key chapters cover cell-SELEX technology for aptamer selection, mechanisms of multi-drug resistance of cancer, the relevance of aptamers as anticancer therapies, as well as the broad range of aptamer-functionalized nanostructures available. This book provides exciting insights into this relatively new approach to cancer therapeutics, and will be of interest to materials scientists, biomedical engineers, molecular biologists, biochemists and clinical scientists, with a focus on cancer therapy.

Protein-Based Biopolymers: From Source to Biomedical Applications provides an overview on the development and application of protein biopolymers in biomedicine. Protein polymers have garnered increasing focus in the development of biomedical materials, devices and therapeutics due to their intrinsic bioactivity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. This book comprehensively reviews the latest advances on the synthesis, characterization, properties and applications of protein-based biopolymers. Each chapter is dedicated to a single protein class, covering a broad range of proteins including silk, collagen, keratin, fibrin, and more. In addition, the book explores the biomedical potential of these polymers, from tissue engineering, to drug delivery and wound healing. This book offers a valuable resource for academics and researchers in the fields of materials science, biomedical engineering and R&D groups working in pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.

Research on bone remodeling has resulted in much new information and has led to improvements in design and biomedical practices. Mechanics of Cellular Bone Remodeling: Coupled Thermal, Electrical, and Mechanical Field Effects presents a unified exploration of recent advances, giving readers a sound understanding of bone remodeling and its mathematical representation. Beginning with a description of the basic concept of bone remodeling from a mathematical point of view, the book details the development of each of the techniques and ideas. From there it progresses to the derivation and construction of multifield and cellular bone remodeling and shows how they arise naturally in response to external multifield loads. Topics include: Fundamental concepts and basic formulations for bone remodeling Applications of formulations to multifield internal bone remodeling of inhomogeneous long cylindrical bone Theory and solution of multifield surface bone remodeling A hypothetical regulation mechanism on growth factors for bone modeling and remodeling under multifield loading The RANK-RANKL-OPG pathway and formulation for analyzing the bone remodeling process A model of bone cell population dynamics for cortical bone remodeling under mechanical and pulsed electromagnetic stimulus Recent developments in experiments with bone materials Readers will benefit from the thorough coverage of general principles for each topic, followed by detailed mathematical derivations and worked examples, as well as tables and figures where appropriate. The book not only serves as a reliable reference but is also destined to attract interested readers and researchers to a field that offers fascinating and technologically important challenges.

Biomaterials have had a major impact on the practice of contemporary medicine and patient care. Growing into a major interdisciplinary effort involving chemists, biologists, engineers, and physicians, biomaterials development has enabled the creation of high-quality devices, implants, and drug carriers with greater biocompatibility and biofunctionality. The fast-paced research and increasing interest in finding new and improved biocompatible or biodegradable polymers has provided a wealth of new information, transforming this edition of Polymeric Biomaterials into a two-volume set. This volume, Polymeric Biomaterials: Structure and Function, contains 25 authoritative chapters written by experts from around the world. Contributors cover the following topics: The structure and properties of synthetic polymers including polyesters, polyphosphazenes, and elastomers The structure and properties of natural polymers such as mucoadhesives, chitin, lignin, and carbohydrate derivatives Blends and composites-for example, metal-polymer composites and biodegradable polymeric/ceramic composites Bioresorbable hybrid membranes, drug delivery systems, cell bioassay systems, electrospinning for regenerative medicine, and more Completely revised and expanded, this state-of-the-art reference presents recent developments in polymeric biomaterials: from their chemical, physical, and structural properties to polymer synthesis and processing techniques and current applications in the medical and pharmaceutical fields.

Therapeutic Engineering (TE) is a cutting-edge domain in today's era of medical technology research. Through engineering algorithms that provide technological solutions, it aims to elevate the quality of life of disabled individuals. Advances in Therapeutic Engineering describes various therapeutic processes and mechanisms currently applied to the field of healthcare in a range of areas, including mobility, communications, hearing, vision, and mental health and cognition. The book explores research and advances in the areas of hand-eye coordination, motor function, the biomechanics of lower limbs, and treatment of spinal diseases and neural plasticity. It discusses electrical stimulation methodologies for improving human gait. It also examines prosthetic devices and assistive technology, induction heater-based treatment, and inclusive user modelling and simulation. Additional chapters cover automated asthma detection using clinico-spirometric information, computer-aided diagnostic modules for malaria screening, and various data mining techniques that have been developed and successfully implemented in healthcare management. The contributors also examine semantic interoperability issues in e-health systems and clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) Ranging from prosthetics to sensory substitution and medical robotics, the book will prove enlightening to researchers and practitioners in a host of disciplines who want to understand the recent advances achieved globally in the field of therapeutic engineering.

Design and Applications of Theranostic Nanomedicines reviews the composition and design of various nanomedicines for theranostic applications, helping readers to make informed decisions when exploring novel treatments for disease. This book introduces readers to theranostic nanostructures as nanomedicines, beginning with a balanced look at the associated challenges, costs and benefits. The next section goes on to detail a range of different theranostic nanomedicines and their design, from nanodispersions and nanogels to exosomes and polymeric micelles. A variety of applications is covered, including in the treatment of pulmonary diseases, neurological disorders, cancers and more. The book also takes a look at the toxicological implications of nanotheranostics, an important aspect of any therapy or treatment. Design and Applications of Theranostic Nanomedicines provides a snapshot of the state-of-the-art, and will be of use to materials scientists, biomedical engineers and pharmaceutical scientists with an interest in nanotechnology and theranostics.

A rapidly growing field, vibrational spectroscopy has found applications in industries including pharmaceutical manufacture, food and drug safety, and process monitoring on production lines. In particular, interest in clinical spectroscopy is rising rapidly as researchers recognize the potential of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques-Infrared (IR) and Raman Spectroscopy-as noninvasive tissue diagnosis tools. However, the details of the characteristic peak frequencies and their relationship to specific functional groups present in the biological tissues have not been fully understood. Vibrational Spectroscopy for Tissue Analysis introduces IR and Raman Spectroscopy to those scientists who are either using these spectroscopic techniques to address clinical problems or planning to use spectroscopy to analyze clinical tissues and understand their chemical composition. By compiling the interpretations and understandings of the spectral peaks of the biological molecules in one place, this book aids in the understanding of IR and Raman Spectroscopy, and what these techniques can offer both in early diagnosis of the disease and monitoring of the progression of the disease. Despite the tremendous advances in the field of spectroscopy, where new applications are emerging at the pace of development, there are still areas of research that are crying for further exploration. This book bridges the gap between the spectroscopic research and medical applications.

Targeted Molecular Imaging covers the development of novel diagnostic approaches that use an imaging probe and agent to noninvasively visualize cellular processes in normal and disease states. It discusses the concept, development, preclinical studies, and, in many cases, translation to the clinic of targeted imaging agents.

The many case studies that form the core of this book deal with the development and translation of non-nuclear probes and radiotracers; other sections address critical topics such as In vitro studies, small animal research, and the application of targeted probes for nuclear, optical and MRI imaging. The chapters use a common format to demonstrate how various investigators approach the comprehensive task of validating a new targeted probe.

Targeted Molecular Imaging is a timely resource for a rapidly advancing field, and addresses:

• Various methods of validating a new targeted probe through examples from human studies with imaging of breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases
• Basic principles, disease models, imaging studies in animals, imaging in initial human studies, and the application of molecular imaging in pharmacy and drug discovery
• In vitro studies, small animal studies, and targeted radiopharmaceuticals

Using these case studies, investigators can generalize and apply the information to their own specific targeted probe. The insights provided by the contributors, experts who have developed these approaches in their own groups, help guide scientists planning to translate imaging agents from the concept stage to clinical application.

Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications III contains all contributions presented at the International Symposium CompIMAGE 2012 - Computational Modelling of Object Presented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications (Rome, Italy, 5-7 September 2012). The contributions cover the state-of-art and new trends in the fields of: - 3D Vision; - Biometric Recognition; - Computational Bioimaging and Visualization; - Computer Vision in Robotics and Automation; - Data Acquisition, Interpolation, Registration and Compression; - Image Enhancement and Restoring; - Image Processing and Analysis; - Image Segmentation; - Medical Imaging; - Modeling and Simulation; - Motion and Deformation Analysis; - Remote Sensing; - Scientific Visualization Computational Modelling of Objects Represented in Images: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications III addresses different techniques, such as optimization methods, geometry, finite element method, principal component analysis, stochastic methods, neural networks and fuzzy logic. The book is useful to researchers and students with multidisciplinary interests related to Computational Vision, Computational Mechanics, Medicine, Engineering and Architecture.

Engineered Nanostructures for Therapeutics and Biomedical Applications offers a single reference for a diverse biomedical readership to learn about the application of nanotechnology in biomedicine and biomedical engineering, from past developments to current research and future prospects. This book sets out a broad selection of biomedical and therapeutic applications for nanostructures, including bioimaging, nanorobotics, orthopedics, and tissue engineering, offering a useful, multidisciplinary approach. Each chapter discusses challenges faced in each discipline, including limiting factors, biocompatibility, and toxicity, thus enabling the reader to make informed decisions in their research. This book is a comprehensive, broad overview of the role and significance of nanomaterials and their composites that also includes discussions of key aspects in the field of biomedicine. It will be of significant interest to academics and researchers in materials science and engineering, biomedicine and biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, pharmaceutics, bioimaging, and nanorobotics.

This book contains invited lecturers and full papers presented at VIPIMAGE 2011 - III ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Vision and Medical Image Processing (Olhao, Algarve, Portugal, 12-14 October 2011). International contributions from 16 countries provide a comprehensive coverage of the current state-of-the-art in: Image Processing and Analysis; Tracking and Analyze Objects in Images; Segmentation of Objects in Images; 3D Vision; Signal Processing; Data Interpolation, Registration, Acquisition and Compression; Objects Simulation; Medical Imaging; Virtual Reality; Software Development for Image Processing and Analysis; Computer Aided Diagnosis, Surgery, Therapy and Treatment; Computational Bioimaging and Visualization; Telemedicine Systems and their Applications. Related techniques also covered in this book include the level set method, finite element method, modal analyses, stochastic methods, principal and independent components analyses and distribution models. Computational Vision and Medical Image Processing - VIPIMAGE 2011 will be useful to academics, researchers and professionals in Computational Vision (Image Processing and Analysis), Computer Sciences, Computational Mechanics and Medicine.

Written by an interdisciplinary team of medical doctors, computer scientists, physicists, engineers, and mathematicians, Correction Techniques in Emission Tomography presents various correction methods used in emission tomography to generate and enhance images. It discusses the techniques from a computer science, mathematics, and physics viewpoint.

The book gives a comprehensive overview of correction techniques at different levels of the data processing workflow. It covers nuclear medicine imaging, hybrid emission tomography (PET-CT, SPECT-CT, PET-MRI, PET-ultrasound), and optical imaging (fluorescence molecular tomography). It illustrates basic principles as well as recent advances, such as model-based iterative algorithms and 4D methods. An important aspect of the book is on new and sophisticated motion correction techniques in PET imaging. These techniques enable high-resolution, high-quality images, leading to better imaging analysis and image-based diagnostics.

Reflecting state-of-the-art research, this volume explores the range of problems that occur in emission tomography. It looks at how the resulting images are affected and presents practical compensation methods to overcome the problems and improve the images.

Polymeric Micelles for Drug Delivery provides a comprehensive overview on the synthesis, characterization and application of polymeric micelles in drug delivery applications. The use of nanomedicines and carriers, such as polymeric micelles, has made it possible to deliver drugs, genes and therapeutic agents to localized disease sites to maximize clinical benefit while limiting unwanted side effects. This book thoroughly reviews the development and application of polymeric micelles for drug delivery, covering various polymer types and the synthesis, characterization and pharmacokinetics of different micelles. Subsequent chapters go on to look at the range of drug delivery applications of polymeric micelles - such as mucosal and transdermal - and the assorted stimuli-responsive micelles available. The book concludes with an important analysis of the environmental and regulatory aspects associated with micelle development and clinical translation.

This book covers biodevices, mainly implantable or quirurgical, for the diagnosis or treatment of different pathologies, which benefit from the use of active materials as sensors or actuators. Such active or "intelligent" materials are capable of responding in a controlled way to different external physical or chemical stimuli by changing some of their properties. These materials can be used to design and develop sensors, actuators, and multifunctional systems with a large number of applications for developing biodevices and medical appliances. Current work on these fields entails problems related to synthesis, characterization, modeling, simulation, processing, and prototyping technologies, as well as device testing and validation, all of which are treated in depth in this book, for the several types of active or intelligent materials covered. The research presented in this book helps further development of medical devices, based on the additional functionalities that the use of active or "intelligent" materials, both as sensors and actuators, supplies. The main results exposed may help with the industrial expansion of this kind of materials as part of more complex systems.

Although nanotechnology applied to medicine has a potentially huge impact on drug delivery and tissue engineering, significant challenges need to be resolved before clinically viable nanomedicine or nanobiomedicine therapies will be available. Skillfully edited, with contributions from an expert panel of researchers, Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine discusses the use of nanotechnology for medical applications with a focus on its use for drug delivery and tissue engineering. It sheds light on the challenges facing the field and examines cutting-edge research that may provide solutions. Topics covered include: * Patterning of biomimetic substrates with AFM lithography, primarily focusing on DPN Nanotemplating polymer melts * Nanotechnology-based approaches in the treatment of injuries to tendons and ligaments * Progress in the use of electrospinning processing techniques for fabricating nanofiber scaffolds for neural applications * Nanotopography techniques for tissue-engineered scaffolds and the effects of nanotopography on cells and tissues * Vertically aligned TiO2 nanotube surface structuring for optimization of Ti implants utilizing nanotechnology * Applications originating from the harmony of nanotechnology to biological systems, especially for the regeneration in the nervous system * Current understanding of the mechanisms by which cells sense nano-scale structure at the molecular level and how this understanding can be useful in developing novel antifouling materials While there are books available on tissue engineering and nanotechnology and others about regenerative medicine, most do not comprehensively cover applications of nanotechnology to both these areas. Focusing chiefly on drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, the book uses an application-based approach to relate laboratory-based research to the development of technologies that can be readily adaptable to an indus