"Biodegradable Composites for Packaging Applications" describes design, processing, and manufacturing of advanced biodegradable composites in packaging industry applications. It covers fundamentals of biodegradable polymers followed by introduction to biodegradable materials for food packaging industry and its processing mechanisms. Pertinent applications are explained across different chapters including intelligent packaging, applied technologies, degradation problems and its impact on environment and associated challenges. Features Covers biodegradable composites and targeted applications in packaging for industrial applications. Includes exhaustive processing and characterizations of biodegradable composites. Discusses innovative commodities packaging applications. Reviews advanced integrated design and fabrication problems for conductive and sensors applications. Explores various properties and functionalities through extensive theoretical and experimental modeling. This volume is aimed at researchers and graduate students in sustainable materials, composite technology, biodegradable plastics, and food technology and engineering.

With easily accessible oil reserves dwindling, petroleum engineers must have a sound understanding of how to access technically challenging resources, especially in the deepwater environment. These technically challenging resources bring with them complexities around fluid flow not normally associated with conventional production systems, and engineers must be knowledgeable about navigating these complexities. Practical Aspects of Flow Assurance in the Petroleum Industry aims to provide practical guidance on all aspects of flow assurance to offer readers a ready reference on how to ensure uninterrupted transport of processed fluids throughout the flow infrastructure by covering all practical aspects of flow assurance, being written in such a way that any engineer dealing with the oil and gas industry will be able to understand the material, containing solved examples on most topics, placing equal emphasis on experimental techniques and modeling methods, and devoting an entire chapter to the analysis and interpretation of published case studies. With its balance of theory and practical applications, this work provides petroleum engineers from a variety of backgrounds with the information needed to maintain and enhance productivity.

This book aims to overview the role of non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen and halogen bonding, - , -anion and electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic effects and van der Waals forces in the synthesis of organic and inorganic compounds, as well as in design of new crystals and function materials. The proposed book should allow to combine, in a systematic way, recent advances on the application of non-covalent interactions in synthesis and design of new compounds and functional materials with significance in Inorganic, Organic, Coordination, Organometallic, Pharmaceutical, Biological and Material Chemistries. Therefore, it should present a multi- and interdisciplinary character assuring a rather broad scope. We believe it will be of interest to a wide range of academic and research staff concerning the synthesis of new compounds, catalysis and materials. Each chapter will be written by authors who are well known experts in their respective fields.

Improving the effectiveness of catalysts is the best way to ensure cleaner, more efficient industrial processes for a wide range of applications. Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering explores the optimization of catalytic materials through traditional and novel methods of catalyst preparation, characterization, and monitoring on laboratory and industrial scales. The book presents many key principles of heterogeneous catalyst preparation and the methods used to synthesize a catalyst with a particular composition and morphology. The first chapters examine the synthesis of bulk materials including amorphous and mesoporous oxide supports, heteropolyacids, and colloidal metals. Subsequent chapters focus on the syntheses of heterogeneous nanoscale materials, including those based on metal complex-substrate interactions and those using non-interacting precursors via viscous drying. The final chapters concentrate on pretreatment, drying, and finishing effects before concluding with a prognosis on future applications involving catalyst preparation and the technological advances necessary for continued progress. An ideal companion for scientists exploring the preparation of application-specific catalysts based on desired catalytic properties, Catalyst Preparation: Science and Engineering provides a balanced overview of important synthesis parameters to consider for good catalyst design.

Covers key areas of heterojunction nanomaterials for easy understanding of students, researchers, and academicians to promote the research in this field Systematically summarizes synthetic strategies, physicochemical properties, photocatalytic mechanisms, and applications of heterojunction materials through high-quality illustrations and schematic diagrams and references accompanying each chapter Emphasizes the ongoing challenges and potential directions for future development of heterojunction photocatalysts

Gives basics of Fortran and Numerical Calculation. The book includes Fortran codes and also gives access to author's website. Summarizes history of Quantum Mechanics through the most important papers. Presents detailed mathematical basis of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Chemistry. Includes proposed exercises and do-it-yourself activities.

Calculations in Chemical Kinetics for Undergraduates aims to restore passion for problem solving and applied quantitative skills in undergraduate chemistry students. Avoiding complicated chemistry jargon and providing hints and step wise explanations in every calculation problem, students are able to overcome their fear of handling mathematically applied problems in physical chemistry. This solid foundation in their early studies will enable them to connect fundamental theoretical chemistry to real experimental applications as graduates. Additional Features Include: Contains quantitative problems from popular physical chemistry references. Provides step by step explanations are given in every calculation problem. Offers hints to certain problems as "points to note" to enable student comprehension. Includes solutions for all questions and exercises. This book is a great resource for undergraduate chemistry students however, the contents are rich and useful to even the graduate chemist that has passion for applied problems in physical chemistry of reaction Kinetics.

Calculations in Chemical Kinetics for Undergraduates aims to restore passion for problem solving and applied quantitative skills in undergraduate chemistry students. Avoiding complicated chemistry jargon and providing hints and step wise explanations in every calculation problem, students are able to overcome their fear of handling mathematically applied problems in physical chemistry. This solid foundation in their early studies will enable them to connect fundamental theoretical chemistry to real experimental applications as graduates. Additional Features Include: Contains quantitative problems from popular physical chemistry references. Provides step by step explanations are given in every calculation problem. Offers hints to certain problems as "points to note" to enable student comprehension. Includes solutions for all questions and exercises. This book is a great resource for undergraduate chemistry students however, the contents are rich and useful to even the graduate chemist that has passion for applied problems in physical chemistry of reaction Kinetics.

Volatility of crude oil prices, depleting reservoirs and environmental concerns have stimulated worldwide research for alternative and sustainable sources of raw materials for chemicals and fuels. The idea of using single-carbon atom molecules as chemical building blocks is not new, and many such compounds have been techno-economically studied as raw materials for fuels. Nevertheless, unifying the scientific and technical issues under the topic of C1 chemistry is not as easy as it may appear. C1 Chemistry: Principles and Processes provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemical transformation from molecular to commercial plant scales and reviews the sources of C1 molecules, their conversion processes and the most recent achievements and research needs. This book: Describes the latest processes developments and introduces commercial technologies Covers a wide range of feedstocks, including greenhouse gases and organic wastes Details chemistry, thermodynamics, catalysis, kinetics and reactors for respective conversions Includes preparation and purification of C1 feedstocks, C1 molecule coupling reactions and process technologies for each C1 conversion reaction Considers environmental impacts and sustainability This book will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, academics, professionals and advanced students working in the chemical, environmental and energy sectors and offers readers insights into the challenges and opportunities in the active field of C1 chemistry.

Emphasizes recent advances in biotechnologies that will help in tackling emerging global health challenges Provides detailed information on how to harness indigenous bio-resources including microorganisms and plants for health care delivery Introduces new frontiers in the area of molecular diagnostics and DNA forensic science and bioinformatics with case studies, recent advances in medical insect biotechnology, molecular genetics of pest towards the exploitation of arthropod midgut components to develop interventions against infectious diseases Reviews bioactive molecules derived from commonly used and underutilized medicinal plants that could be used to develop novel drugs for improved healthcare delivery Discuss current approaches in medical and biopharmaceutical biotechnology, deployment of inexpensive genomics-based vector surveillance for effective disease outbreak prediction and control of mosquito-borne viruses

This volume explains cleaning of cotton after blow room treatment and individualization process in conventional card including functions related to licker-in, cylinder, and doffer, and so forth. Description of modern card includes improved cleaning at higher production rates and individualization at such higher rates. Larger part of the book is devoted to drawing of the sliver and relative description for any modern machine including on-line controls and introduction of indicator lamp system to improve both machine and labour efficiency is discussed as well. This volume also includes the related calculation for both card and draw frame. Focuses on modern carding processes, functions, and attachments. Includes chapters on defects in carding and drawn material and related calculations. Highlights the features of modern draw frame, especially the drafting system. Discusses automation and processes of modern carding machines for improving machine efficiency. Describes drafting and doubling including drafting as basic processes of spinning. This volume is aimed at senior undergraduate/Graduate students in Textile Engineering, staple fibre processing, spinning of staple fibres.

Polymeric Foams: Innovations in Technologies and Environmentally Friendly Materials offers the latest in technology and environmental innovations within the field of polymeric foams. It outlines how application-focused research in polymeric foam can continue to improve living quality and enhance social responsibility. This book: Addresses technological innovations including those in bead foams, foam injection molding, foams in tissue engineering, foams in insulation, and silicon rubber foam Discusses environmentally friendly innovations in PET foam, degradable and renewable foam, and physical blowing agents Describes principles as well as applications from internationally recognized foam experts This work is aimed at researchers and industry professionals across chemical, mechanical, materials, polymer engineering, and anyone else developing and applying these advanced polymeric materials.

Polymer Coatings: Technologies and Applications provides a comprehensive account of the recent developments in polymer coatings encompassing novel methods, techniques, and a broad spectrum of applications. The chapters explore the key aspects of polymer coatings while highlighting fundamental research, different types of polymer coatings, and technology advances. This book also integrates the various aspects of these materials from synthesis to application. Current status, trends, future directions, and opportunities are also discussed. FEATURES Examines the basics to the most recent advances in all areas of polymer coatings Serves as a one-stop reference Discusses polymer-coated nanocrystals and coatings based on nanocomposites Describes morphology, spectroscopic analysis, adhesion, and rheology of polymer coatings Explores conducting, stimuli-responsive, self-healing, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, antifouling, and antibacterial polymer coatings Covers modeling and simulation With contributions from the top international researchers from industry, academia, government, and private research institutions, both new and experienced readers will benefit from this applications-oriented book. Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa is a research scientist at the Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Academic Enhancement Department, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai is a research professor at the Center of Innovation in Design and Engineering for Manufacturing, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand. Suchart Siengchin is a professor at and president of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand.

Beginning with an overview of nanomachining, this monograph introduces the relevant concepts from solid-state physics, thermodynamics, and lattice structures. It then covers modeling of thermal transport at the nanoscale and details simulations of different processes relevant to nanomachining. The final chapter summarizes the important points and discusses directions for future work to improve the modeling of nanomachining.

Consistent explanation of all basic principles of cavitation. Scientific background for engineering applications. Modern theory and experimental results. Contains objective discussions of controversial issues. Can be used by students.

The first and only book on Spray-freeze-drying" which is a relatively recent drying technique, that provides the signature advantages of spray-drying and freeze-drying, while overcoming the limitations of both. Provides examples and case studies of nuances and intricacies associated with each stage of the spray-freeze-drying process Contains 200+ illustrations and tabulations Highlights the applications of spray-freeze-drying in the production of food products including soluble coffee, dairy powders, probiotics, and flavors.

This book presents recent research and advances in various solid-liquid separation technologies and some applications for treating produced water. It covers fundamental principles and the importance of produced water in major industrial sectors and compares solid-liquid separation technologies. In addition, this book Presents the results of research studies conducted to evaluate the performance of solid-liquid separation technologies Discusses a wide range of technologies, including membrane, filtration, crystallization, desalination, supercritical fluids, coagulation, and floatation Includes experimental, theoretical, modeling, and process design studies With its comprehensive coverage, this book is an essential reference for chemical researchers, scientists, and engineers in industry, academia, and professional laboratories. It is also an important resource for graduate and advanced undergraduate students studying solid-liquid separations.

Heating and Cooling with Ground-Source Heat Pumps in Cold and Moderate Climates: Design Principles, Potential Applications and Case Studies focuses on applications and cases studies of ground-source heat pumps in moderate and cold climates. It details technical aspects (such as materials, thermal fluid carriers and pumping, and drilling/trenching technologies), as well as the most common and uncommon application fields for basic system configurations. The principles of system integrations and applications in moderate and cold climates (such as hybrid, solar-assisted, thermo-syphon, foundation, mines, snow melting, district heating and cooling ground-source heat pump systems, etc.) are also presented, each followed by case studies. Based on the author's more than 30 years of technical experience Discusses ground-source heat pump technologies that can be successfully applied in moderate and cold climates Presents several case studies, including successful energy results, as well as the main lessons learned This work is aimed at designers of HVAC systems, as well as geological, mechanical, and chemical engineers implementing environmentally-friendly heating and cooling technologies for buildings.

Heating and Cooling with Ground-Source Heat Pumps in Cold and Moderate Climates: Fundamentals and Basic Concepts covers fundamentals and design principles of vertical and horizontal indirect and direct expansion closed-loop, as well as ground and surface-water ground-source heat pump systems. It explains the thermodynamic aspects of mechanical and thermochemical compression cycles of geothermal heat pumps, and describes the energetic, economic, and environmental aspects associated with the use of ground-source heat pump systems for heating and cooling residential and commercial/institutional buildings in moderate and cold climates. Based on the author's more than 30 years of technical experience Focuses on ground-source heat pump technologies that can be successfully applied in moderate and cold climates Discusses technical aspects as well as the most common and uncommon application fields of basic system configurations This work is aimed at designers of HVAC systems, as well as geological, mechanical, and chemical engineers implementing environmentally-friendly heating and cooling technologies for buildings.

This book investigates statistical observables for anomalous and nonergodic dynamics, focusing on the dynamical behaviors of particles modelled by non-Brownian stochastic processes in the complex real-world environment. Statistical observables are widely used for anomalous and nonergodic stochastic systems, thus serving as a key to uncover their dynamics. This study explores the cutting edge of anomalous and nonergodic diffusion from the perspectives of mathematics, computer science, statistical and biological physics, and chemistry. With this interdisciplinary approach, multiple physical applications and mathematical issues are discussed, including stochastic and deterministic modelling, analyses of (stochastic) partial differential equations (PDEs), scientific computations and stochastic analyses, etc. Through regularity analysis, numerical scheme design and numerical experiments, the book also derives the governing equations for the probability density function of statistical observables, linking stochastic processes with PDEs. The book will appeal to both researchers of electrical engineering expert in the niche area of statistical observables and stochastic systems and scientists in a broad range of fields interested in anomalous diffusion, especially applied mathematicians and statistical physicists.

Covers recent progress on green catalysts derived from biomass Explores biomass conversion to different resources Introduces utilization of bio-waste in environmental aspects Discusses biomass applications in different types of energy Proposes microbial waste biomass as a resource of renewable energy

It covers the synthesis, characterizations, and properties of natural polymeric systems, including their morphology, structure, and dynamics. It introduces the most recent innovations and applications of natural polymers and their composites in the food, construction, electronics, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and engineering industries.

This manual is prepared to enhance the wastewater treatment plant operator's understanding of laboratory theory and procedure in the testing of wastewater, to appreciate the nature of the contaminants under analysis, the analytical methods, and their limitations.

New edition of the popular textbook, comprehensively updated throughout and now includes a new dedicated website for gas dynamic calculations The thoroughly revised and updated third edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics maintains the focus on gas flows below hypersonic. This targeted approach provides a cohesive and rigorous examination of most practical engineering problems in this gas dynamics flow regime. The conventional one-dimensional flow approach together with the role of temperature-entropy diagrams are highlighted throughout. The authors--noted experts in the field--include a modern computational aid, illustrative charts and tables, and myriad examples of varying degrees of difficulty to aid in the understanding of the material presented. The updated edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics includes new sections on the shock tube, the aerospike nozzle, and the gas dynamic laser. The book contains all equations, tables, and charts necessary to work the problems and exercises in each chapter. This book's accessible but rigorous style: Offers a comprehensively updated edition that includes new problems and examples Covers fundamentals of gas flows targeting those below hypersonic Presents the one-dimensional flow approach and highlights the role of temperature-entropy diagrams Contains new sections that examine the shock tube, the aerospike nozzle, the gas dynamic laser, and an expanded coverage of rocket propulsion Explores applications of gas dynamics to aircraft and rocket engines Includes behavioral objectives, summaries, and check tests to aid with learning Written for students in mechanical and aerospace engineering and professionals and researchers in the field, the third edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics has been updated to include recent developments in the field and retains all its learning aids. The calculator for gas dynamics calculations is available at https: //www.oscarbiblarz.com/gascalculator gas dynamics calculations

1. Die oekologische Herausforderung.- 1.1 Verschiedene Sichtweisen.- 1.2 Problem der Umweltbelastung und die Loesungsansatze.- 1.3 Interdisziplinare Methodik.- 2. Umweltschutz in der chemischen Industrie.- 2.1 Chemische Industrie.- 2.1.1 Abgrenzung der Branche.- 2.1.2 Bedeutung der Branche.- 2.2 Umweltrelevante Rahmenbedingungen der chemischen Industrie.- 2.2.1 Einteilung der Rahmenbedingungen.- 2.2.2 Rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen.- 2.2.2.1 Einleitung.- 2.2.2.2 Bundes-Immissionsschutzgesetz.- 2.2.2.3 Wasserhaushaltsgesetz und Abwasserabgabegesetz.- 2.2.2.4 Kreislaufwirtschafts- und Abfallgesetz.- 2.2.2.5 Chemikaliengesetz.- 2.2.2.6 Umwelthaftungsgesetz.- 2.2.2.7 Beauftragtenorganisation fur den Umweltschutz.- 2.2.3 Wirtschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen.- 2.2.4 OEko-toxikologische Rahmenbedingungen.- 2.2.5 Technische Rahmenbedingungen.- 2.2.6 Gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen.- 2.3 Aufwand fur den Umweltschutz in der chemischen Industrie.- 2.3.1 Abgrenzung der betrieblichen Umweltkosten.- 2.3.2 Investitions- und Betriebskosten.- 2.3.3 Organisatorischer Aufwand fur den Umweltschutz.- 3. Produktionsintegrierter Umweltschutz und seine Beispiele in der chemischen Industrie.- 3.1 Produktionsbedingte Umweltproblematik der chemischen Industrie.- 3.1.1 Grundlagen chemischer Produktionsprozesse.- 3.1.2 Produktionsbedingte Umweltbelastung.- 3.2 Gliederung der technologischen Umweltschutzmassnahmen.- 3.2.1 Additiver Umweltschutz.- 3.2.2 Integrierter Umweltschutz.- 3.2.3 Vergleichende Zusammenfassung.- 3.3 Methoden des produktionsintegrierten Umweltschutzes.- 3.3.1 Einleitung.- 3.3.2 Gestaltung des Produktionsprogramms.- 3.3.3 Chemische Forschung und Verfahrensentwicklung.- 3.3.4 Verfahrensauswahl.- 3.3.5 Optimierung chemischer Prozesse.- 3.4 Kriterien des produktionsintegrierten Umweltschutzes.- 3.5 Beispiele zum produktionsintegrierten Umweltschutz in der chemischen Industrie.- 3.5.1 Einleitung.- 3.5.2 Substitution der Syntheseroute von Ibuprofen.- 3.5.3 Optimierung der Syntheseroute von Etinol.- 3.5.4 Zeolite als Katalysatoren.- 3.5.5 Optimaler Reaktionsweg zur Synthese eines Zwischenproduktes von Vitamin E.- 3.5.6 DuPont-Oxidationsverfahren von n-Butan zur Herstellung von Maleinsaureanhydrid und Tetrahydrofuran.- 3.5.7 N-Methylpyrrolidon als alternatives Loesemittel.- 3.5.8 Fazit.- 4. Umweltmanagementsysteme in der chemischen Industrie.- 4.1 Managementsystemansatz.- 4.1.1 Funktionen des Managements.- 4.1.2 Begriffe und Aufgaben der betrieblichen Organisation.- 4.1.3 Managementmodelle.- 4.1.3.1 Sinn und Zweck von Managementmodellen.- 4.1.3.2 "Management-by"-Modelle.- 4.1.3.3 St. Gallener Managementmodell.- 4.1.3.4 Grundlagen der Managementsysteme.- 4.2 Qualitatsmanagementsysteme.- 4.2.1 Einleitung.- 4.2.2 Ausgangspunkte des Qualitatsmanagements.- 4.2.3 DIN ISO 9000er Normenreihe.- 4.2.4 Total Quality Management.- 4.2.5 Qualitatsmanagementsysteme in der chemischen Industrie.- 4.3 Grundlagen der Umweltmanagementsysteme.- 4.3.1 Historische Entwicklung.- 4.3.2 Ziele von Umweltmanagementsystemen.- 4.3.3 Elemente des Umweltmanagementsystems am Beispiel der EMAS.- 4.3.4 Responsible Care und die EMAS.- 4.3.5 Elemente des Umweltmanagementsystems am Beispiel der ISO 14001.- 4.3.6 Verknupfung von Qualitats-, Sicherheits- und Umweltmanagementsystemen in der chemischen Industrie.- 4.4 Aufbau und Implementierung von Umweltmanagementsystemen.- 4.4.1 Einleitung.- 4.4.2 Aufbauphase I: Projektanstoss.- 4.4.2.1 Vorstudie und erste Schritte.- 4.4.2.2 Festlegung der Umweltpolitik.- 4.4.2.3 Bildung einer Projektgruppe.- 4.4.2.4 Festlegung von Arbeitspaketen.- 4.4.3 Aufbauphase II: Umweltprufung.- 4.4.3.1 Anforderungen.- 4.4.3.2 Vorgehensweise.- 4.4.3.3 Auswertung.- 4.4.4 Aufbauphase III: Umweltziele und -programm.- 4.4.5 Aufbauphase IV: Massnahmenumsetzung.- 4.4.5.1 Festlegung der Organisationsstruktur.- 4.4.5.2 Schulung, Bewusstseinsbildung und Kompetenz.- 4.4.5.3 Notfallvorsorge.- 4.4.5.4 Dokumentation.- 4.4.6 Aufbauphase V: Massnahmenuberpruf