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Books > Professional & Technical > Civil engineering, surveying & building
This book offers a comprehensive review of current systems for fish
protection and downstream migration. It offers the first systematic
description of the currently available technologies for fish
protection at hydropower intakes, including accurate and timely
data collected by the authors and other researchers. It describes
how to design and test them in agreement with the guidelines
established from the EU Water Framework Directive. The book
includes important information about fish biology, with a special
focus on swimming and migration mechanisms. It offers a robust
bridge between concepts in applied ecology and civil hydraulic
engineering, thus providing biologists and hydraulic engineers with
an authoritative reference guide to both the theory and practice of
fish protection. It is also of interest for planners, public
authorities as well as environmental consultants
This book analyzes the influence of electric vehicles on
microclimate and the indirect influence on power load from a unique
perspective. It discusses different aspects of Vehicle-to-grid
(V2G) technology, including large and small-scale charging
infrastructures, and describes the effect on electricity price,
voltage, frequency and other key V2G technologies. It introduces
various aspects of the influence of electric vehicles on the power
grids and the control strategies for achieving economic, safe and
steady grid operation using V2G technologies. This book is suitable
for senior undergraduates and postgraduates majoring in electrical,
transportation, or environmental engineering, as well as other
related professionals.
The Finite Element Method, shortly FEM, is a widely used
computational tool in structural engineering. For basic design
purposes it usually suf ces to apply a linear-elastic analysis.
Only for special structures and for forensic investigations the
analyst need to apply more advanced features like plasticity and
cracking to account for material nonlinearities, or nonlinear
relations between strains and displacements for geometrical
nonlinearity to account for buckling. Advanced analysis techniques
may also be necessary if we have to judge the remaining structural
capacity of aging structures. In this book we will abstain from
such special cases and focus on everyday jobs. Our goal is the
worldwide everyday use of linear-elastic analysis, and dimensioning
on basis of these elastic computations. We cover steel and concrete
structures, though attention to structural concrete prevails.
Structural engineers have access to powerful FEM packages and apply
them intensively. Experience makes clear that often they do not
understand the software that they are using. This book aims to be a
bridge between the software world and structural engineering. Many
problems are related to the correct input data and the proper
interpretation and handling of output. The book is neither a text
on the Finite Element Method, nor a user manual for the software
packages. Rather it aims to be a guide to understanding and
handling the results gained by such software. We purposely restrict
ourselves to structure types which frequently occur in practise.
Premature cracking in asphalt pavements and overlays continues to
shorten pavement lifecycles and creates significant economic and
environmental burden. In response, RILEM Technical Committee TC
241-MCD on Mechanisms of Cracking and Debonding in Asphalt and
Composite Pavements has conducted a State-of-the-Art Review (STAR),
as detailed in this comprehensive book. Cutting-edge research
performed by RILEM members and their international partners is
presented, along with summaries of open research questions and
recommendations for future research. This book is organized
according to the theme areas of TC 241-MCD - i.e., fracture in the
asphalt bulk material, interface debonding behaviour, and advanced
measurement systems. This STAR is expected to serve as a long term
reference for researchers and practitioners, as it contributes to a
deeper fundamental understanding of the mechanisms behind cracking
and debonding in asphalt concrete and composite pavement systems.
The construction industry is the largest single waste producing
industry in the UK. Ensuring a supply chain of recycled materials
affords many potential gains, achieved through: reducing the
material volume transported to already over-burdened landfill
sites, possible cost reductions to the contractor/client when
considering the landfill tax saved and the potential for lower cost
material replacements, a reduction in the environmental impact of
quarrying and the saving of depleting natural material resources.
Reuse of Materials and Byproducts in Construction: Waste
Minimization and Recycling addresses use of waste and by products
in the construction industry. An over view of new "green" design
guides to encourage best practice will be examined and current
legislation that channels on site practices, such as site waste
management plans. Fundamental individual construction materials are
discussed and the process of reforming by products and waste
products into new construction materials is investigated, examining
the material performance, energy required to convert waste into new
products and viability of recycling. The main range of
constructional materials will be examined. Aimed at postgraduate
students, lecturers and researchers in construction and civil
engineering, the book will also be of interest to professional
design practices.
The Elastic Beam Calculations Handbook presents a concise, yet
mathematically rigorous treatment of beams based on elastic theory
written at a clear technical level in order that practitioners can
quickly learn the essentials and apply elastic beam calculations in
their work. This much-needed comprehensive reference covers elastic
beams with varying material and section properties, support
conditions, span lengths, and other important geometric features.
It provides simple and logical presentations of elastic beam
problems by addressing each as corollaries of a more general
theorem, consequently resulting in numerical work that can be
planned and executed with ease, clarity, and optimal results.
Structural engineers concerned directly with structural analysis of
elastic beam problems will find many examples of useful and neat
solutions and the rationale for their validity.
"Interesting, innovative, and proposes an insightful approach
towards the IVHS framework. This is a book every researher should
go through for better ideas on communications, computers, or
automotive technology." -- Telematics India
The success of any concrete structure depends on the designer's
sound knowledge of concrete and its behaviour under load, under
temperature and humidity changes, and under exposure to the
relevant environment and industrial conditions. This book gives
students a thorough understanding of all aspects of concrete
technology from first principles. It covers concrete ingredients,
properties and behaviour in the finished structure with reference
to national standards and recognised testing methods used in
Britain, the European Union and the United States. Examples and
problems are given throughout to emphasise the important aspects of
each chapter. An excellent coursebook for all students of Civil
Engineering, Structural Engineering and Building at degree or
diploma level, Concrete Technology will also be a valuable
reference book for practising engineers in the field.
The micro- and nano-modification of infrastructure materials and
the associated multi-scale characterization and simulation has the
potential to open up whole new uses and classes of materials, with
wide-ranging implications for society. The use of multi-scale
characterization and simulation brings the ability to target
changes at the very small scale that predictably effect the bulk
behavior of the material and thus allowing for the optimization of
material behavior and performance. The International RILEM
Symposium on Multi-Scale Modeling and Characterization of
Infrastructure Materials (Stockholm, June 10-12, 2013) brought
together key researchers from around the world to present their
findings and ongoing research in this field in a focused
environment with extended discussion times. From asphalt to
concrete, from chemistry to mechanics, from nano- to macro-scale:
the collection of topics covered by the Symposium represents the
width and depth of the currently ongoing efforts of developing more
sustainable infrastructure materials. Researchers, practitioners,
undergraduates and graduate students engaged in infrastructure
materials or multi-scale characterization and modeling efforts can
use this book as a comprehensive reference, to learn about the
currently ongoing research efforts in this field or as an
inspiration for new research ideas to enhance the long-term
performance of infrastructure materials from a fundamental
perspective. The Symposium was held under the auspices of the RILEM
Technical Committee on Nanotechnology-Based Bituminous Materials
231-NBM and the Transport Research Board (TRB) Technical Committee
on Characteristics of Asphalt Materials AFK20.
In Europe, the building sector accounts for 40% of energy
consumption which has a strong influence on greenhouse gas
emissions. The book deals with efficient methodologies aimed to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This
includes analyses of the building envelopes, the heating systems,
the use of solar energy and the assessment of the environmental and
energy sustainability of the proposed solutions. After a brief
introduction to the physical fundamentals involved in the study,
results are presented to support cost-effective technical
strategies to promote actions for energy saving, in the most
critical fields and with the most economic advantage.
Th
Accelerating the diffusion of energy-efficient renovations is a
key policy lever in order to reduce theenvironmental impact of
buildings. This book provides a broad, systemic perspective on the
causes of thediffusion of energy-efficient renovations in
Switzerland and policy recommendations for accelerating
thediffusion process. Specifically, the book provides a description
of the societal problem situation within whichthe diffusion process
takes place and an analysis of the actors involved. It provides a
detailed explanationof the causes of the diffusion process that
synthesizes insights from the engineering, economics, marketing,
sociology, communication studies and political science literature.
It employs the SystemDynamics methodology to simulate the diffusion
process and analyze policy levers. The book proposes tworegulations
and a sketch of a business model as particularly promising public
policy interventions.It concludes with an outline of a generic
theory of the diffusion of sustainable technologies.
"
This book describes the latest advances, innovations, and
applications in the field of building design, environmental
engineering and sustainability as presented by leading
international researchers, engineers, architects and urban planners
at the 3rd International Sustainable Buildings Symposium (ISBS),
held in Dubai, UAE from 15 to 17 March 2017. It covers highly
diverse topics, including smart cities, sustainable building and
construction design, sustainable urban planning, infrastructure
development, structural resilience under natural hazards, water and
waste management, energy efficiency, climate change impacts, life
cycle assessment, environmental policies, and strengthening and
rehabilitation of structures. The contributions amply demonstrate
that sustainable building design is key to protecting and
preserving natural resources, economic growth, cultural heritage
and public health. The contributions were selected by means of a
rigorous peer-review process and highlight many exciting ideas that
will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary
collaboration among different specialists.
This book describes a broad view of sustainability as a crucial
factor for the success of its implementation. Not only the
environmental aspects of the sustainable cities development are
reviewed but the economic and social aspects of it, as highlighted
in the UN Sustainable Development Goal 11 (make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable). Nowadays,
researchers, students, and stakeholders are highly involved in
sustainability issues. Because of this, they need a guiding
document to help them develop and implement sustainability programs
at the level of companies and institutions. In this book, the
authors discuss and explain basic concepts of
sustainability-related to social, economic and environmental
aspects, as well as strategies for its implementation.
Green Construction is a specialized and skilled profession, and the
author has extensive experience in this field. With this in mind,
the reference is designed to provide practical guidelines and
essential insights in preparing competent and professional looking
?Project Analysis Reports? and ?Project Status Reports?. The book
also provides numerous tips on how to phrase the language of
reports in a manner that is articulate and clearly understood by
Real Estate Lenders and investors, as well as being an
indispensable companion for both information and stimulus.
Written in a conversational manner, this book will clarify the nuts
and bolts of green construction, finance, and cost monitoring? as a
profession, and will outline the many attributes required to being
successful in this field. Moreover, it will scrutinize the
mechanics of organizing monthly meetings, contractor payment
certifications, budgets, change orders, construction schedules,
code compliance, waivers of lean, and much more.
Drawing on over 30 years of personal experience across the world -
both as an employee and as an employer, the reader will learn how
to plan and implement sound business strategies and form alliances
in a global context. The book also offers important information and
penetrating insights into the process of setting up and working as
a due-diligence consultant. In a clear, practical style, it will be
explained how to identify opportunities for business development
and how to maximize return. It will also articulate how to meet new
challenges as well as avoid many of the pitfalls along the way.
For the individual professional, this guide provides useful
information and tips to help secure a high paying professional
position. The book will include amongst other things, up-to-date
information on hundreds of useful contacts. Topics covered in this
guide include: types of services offered, the consultant's role on
the construction loan team, what the lender needs to know, and
marketing techniques. The guide will also include a comprehensive
appendix that will contain numerous sample letters (e.g. for
marketing and certification), building loan agreements, AIA forms,
lender/consultant agreement, closeout documents and much more.
Likewise included will be an extensive list of useful references
from a variety of resources, and much more. Indeed, this handbook
will be the most detailed & comprehensive program on the
market. It meets all the criteria of a major work and will provide
vital and absorbing reading.
Provides a detailed blueprint of how to conduct monthly meetings,
investigations, understand typical client/consultant agreements,
analyze contractor requisitions
Includes sample letters, reports, forms and agreements for easy
reference.
Practical guidelines for preparing Property Analysis and Property
Status Reports
Includes a glossary of important terms, abbreviations and acronyms
The Discrete Element Method (DEM) has emerged as a solution to
predicting load capacities of masonry structures. As one of many
numerical methods and computational solutions being applied to
evaluate masonry structures, further research on DEM tools and
methodologies is essential for further advancement. Computational
Modeling of Masonry Structures Using the Discrete Element Method
explores the latest digital solutions for the analysis and modeling
of brick, stone, concrete, granite, limestone, and glass block
structures. Focusing on critical research on mathematical and
computational methods for masonry analysis, this publication is a
pivotal reference source for scholars, engineers, consultants, and
graduate-level engineering students.
The discovery, in the middle of the 17th century, of both the
weight of air and the law governing its elasticity transformed the
status of the atmosphere from that of a purely mathematical object
to that of a complex and highly variable physical system. In the
context of rapidly intensifying experimentation and observation,
the nature of the atmosphere was therefore the subject of a host of
hypotheses, which 18th century scholars tried to reconcile with a
coherent physical approach. In particular, this was achieved by the
conceptualization of invisible or "subtle" materials, thought to be
closely linked to atmospheric stratification. Subtle matter was
introduced, largely to reconcile contradictory results concerning
the estimation of the height of the atmosphere. These estimations
were based on different methods, mainly using the observation of
meteors and the refracted and reflected light of stars. Taking as
its common thread the question of the height of the atmosphere,
which was omnipresent in the texts at the time, this book traces
the history of the discovery of the atmosphere and the many
questions it generated.
Throughout the past few years, there has been extensive research
done on structural design in terms of optimization methods or
problem formulation. But, much of this attention has been on the
linear elastic structural behavior, under static loading condition.
Such a focus has left researchers scratching their heads as it has
led to vulnerable structural configurations. What researchers have
left out of the equation is the element of seismic loading. It is
essential for researchers to take this into account in order to
develop earthquake resistant real-world structures. Structural
Seismic Design Optimization and Earthquake Engineering:
Formulations and Applications focuses on the research around
earthquake engineering, in particular, the field of implementation
of optimization algorithms in earthquake engineering problems.
Topics discussed within this book include, but are not limited to,
simulation issues for the accurate prediction of the seismic
response of structures, design optimization procedures, soft
computing applications, and other important advancements in seismic
analysis and design where optimization algorithms can be
implemented. Readers will discover that this book provides relevant
theoretical frameworks in order to enhance their learning on
earthquake engineering as it deals with the latest research
findings and their practical implementations, as well as new
formulations and solutions.
This textbook offers an introduction to modeling the mechanical
behavior of solids within continuum mechanics and thermodynamics.
To illustrate the fundamental principles, the book starts with an
overview of the most important models in one dimension. Tensor
calculus, which is called for in three-dimensional modeling, is
concisely presented in the second part of the book. Once the reader
is equipped with these essential mathematical tools, the third part
of the book develops the foundations of continuum mechanics right
from the beginning. Lastly, the book's fourth part focuses on
modeling the mechanics of materials and in particular elasticity,
viscoelasticity and plasticity. Intended as an introductory
textbook for students and for professionals interested in
self-study, it also features numerous worked-out examples to aid in
understanding.
This book presents a comprehensive study on intelligent container
terminals. Based on the development experience gained to date with
container terminals, it analyzes information flows and their
interactions with container terminals; illustrates the operation
management process from information collection to resource planning
and from equipment scheduling to field operation; highlights
several dynamic decision-making problems concerning digital
operation processes and container terminals; reveals the basis of
the discrete logistics system; and discusses the future of
intelligent container terminals.
This book strives to take stock of current achievements and
existing challenges in nuclear verification, identify the available
information and gaps that can act as drivers for exploring new
approaches to verification strategies and technologies. With the
practical application of the systems concept to nuclear disarmament
scenarios and other, non-nuclear verification fields, it
investigates, where greater transparency and confidence could be
achieved in pursuit of new national or international
nonproliferation and arms reduction efforts. A final discussion
looks at how, in the absence of formal government-to-government
negotiations, experts can take practical steps to advance the
technical development of these concepts.
"House Rating Schemes" provides information to students, architects
and researchers in the field of the built environment. It reviews
current House Rating Schemes (HRS) used in different countries and
investigates how these schemes assess the thermal performance of a
house. It challenges the way that these schemes assess building
energy efficiency and their inability to evaluate free running
buildings which do not need an energy load for heating and cooling
indoor environments. Finally, the book proposes a new index and
method for HRS in which the efficiency of a house design can be
evaluated with reference to its thermal performance in both free
running and conditioned operation modes. The book deals with
various approaches and methods for rating buildings on the basis of
different indexes, with implications for both energy efficiency and
thermal comfort. It also guides readers through a computer
simulation program for developing a rating system that evaluates
and ranks building energy efficiency.
This book explores the part that electric vehicles can play in
reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Further, it explains the impact
of public support, technological advances, lower costs and better
battery performance in making electric vehicles a viable
alternative. The book begins by analyzing the international context
of electric vehicles and how they are being developed in different
countries, and by offering a forecast of the electricity demand
they may create. It then discusses technological innovations in
electric vehicle recharging systems. The book is concerned not only
with the economic potential of electric vehicles, but also with
environmental aspects; consequently, it examines the raw materials
supply chain and performs a lifecycle assessment. The book
concludes with a chapter on alternative energies in transport,
which may also help to facilitate the energy transition. Given its
scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers,
graduate students, policymakers and industry professionals
interested in the energy transition and transport.
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